CN112080084A - 一种阻燃绝缘护套材料 - Google Patents
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:聚氯乙烯树脂100份;耐高低温增塑剂28~52份;钙锌复合稳定剂6~10份;氯化聚乙烯5~30份;无机阻燃剂50~70份;三氧化二锑8~15份;阻燃协效剂8~12份;抗氧剂0.4~0.8份;润滑剂0.6~1.6份,将以上原料投入高速捏合机中混合,转移至双螺杆挤出机中熔融挤出,再经冷却并切粒,得到成品。具有制作简单、阻燃性好、良好的成碳结壳性能和自熄性、热释放量低,保持良好耐低温性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃材料领域,具体是一种阻燃绝缘护套材料。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料适用作低压电线电缆的绝缘以及护套材料,具有良好的物理机械电气性能,加工性能,应用广泛。根据综合布线防火要求,通讯商用级别电缆及最高等级电缆需通过较高的燃烧试验,如UL1685(电缆和光缆的垂直托盘延燃试验和排烟量测试)、UL1666(电缆和光缆垂直安装在竖井中时火焰蔓延高度的测试)、UL910(电缆和光缆的火和烟特性的测试方法)、IEC60332-3-22(垂直安放的成束电线电缆的火焰垂直传播测试—A类)等等,因此对电线电缆有了更高的阻燃要求,不仅仅依靠氧指数来评定材料阻燃性能的高低,还依靠材料的成碳性能、自熄性能、热释放量等来衡量阻燃性能的优劣。特别是绝缘材料为聚乙烯,护套和绝缘之间隔离层很薄此类结构线缆,如网线、数据缆。目前以PVC材料为护套的前述线缆,往往存在以下欠缺:(一)线缆UL1666燃烧试验通不过,因为在经受严格的UL1666燃烧试验时,一旦PVC护套被烧穿,护套和绝缘之间隔离层很薄,火焰容易烧着聚乙烯绝缘,聚乙烯绝缘一旦烧着,将使电缆内部由下往上燃烧,直至整束电缆都会被烧毁;(二)PVC护套材料低温脆化性能及加工性能不良,为了达到相应的高阻燃要求,组分中添加了大量的阻燃剂,导致护套材料低温脆化性能降低,同时线缆挤出时电流变大,无法进行高速挤出;(三)PVC护套材料阻燃性能不够,成碳性不良或者是成碳层不牢固或热释放量高等,导致线缆燃烧试验时PVC护套易被烧穿,导致UL1666燃烧试验通不过。(四)PVC护套材料制成线缆后,线缆壁厚很薄(大约0.5mm左右),此时护套材料进行UL100×240h热老化试验,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率保留率不符合标准要求。(五)PVC护套材料由于配方中添加大量无机阻燃剂导致热稳定性不良,线缆挤出时护套易变色。(六)在线缆挤出时,气味大。
发明内容
针对现有技术所提出的上述问题,本发明提供一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,所要解决的技术问题。
本发明提出如下技术方案:
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于其是由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:聚氯乙烯树脂100份;耐高低温增塑剂28~52份;钙锌复合稳定剂6~10份;氯化聚乙烯5~30份;无机阻燃剂50~70份;三氧化二锑8~15份;阻燃协效剂8~12份;抗氧剂0.4~0.8份;润滑剂0.6~1.6份。
做为进一步优选方案,所述的氯化聚乙烯为氯含量为36±1%并且门尼粘度为95-110的橡胶型氯化聚乙烯;所述的抗氧剂为复合抗氧剂B225、抗氧剂1010中的任意一种或两种;所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸与聚乙烯蜡的组合、硬脂酸和聚乙烯蜡以及硬脂酸辛酯三者的组合,或者硬脂酸以及聚乙烯蜡中的任意一种与硬脂酸辛酯的组合。
做为进一步优选方案,其特征在于所述的聚氯乙烯树脂为聚合度1300的聚氯乙烯树脂。
做为进一步优选方案,其特征在于所述的耐高低温增塑剂为偏苯三酸酯类增塑剂、偏苯三酸三辛酯与癸二酸二辛酯的混合物或者偏苯三酸三辛酯与己二酸二辛酯的混合物,其中:偏苯三酸三辛酯与癸二酸二辛酯或者与己二酸二辛酯的重量比为20~47:5~8。
做为进一步优选方案,其特征在于所述的钙锌复合稳定剂为粉状105℃等级钙锌复合稳定剂。
做为进一步优选方案,其特征在于所述的无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和碳酸钙两者按重量比30~65∶5~20的混合物。
做为进一步优选方案,其特征在于所述的阻燃协效剂为硼酸锌或锡酸锌。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明以聚氯乙烯为基材通过添加橡胶型氯化聚乙烯并搭配耐高低温增塑剂提高了产品韧性、耐低温性能,并通过添加较多的无机阻燃剂、三氧化二锑、阻燃协效剂实现了高阻燃、良好的成碳结壳性能和自熄性、热释放量低,同时保持了良好耐低温性能;通过橡胶型氯化聚乙烯与耐高低温增塑剂复合使用,105℃等级钙锌复合稳定剂及抗氧剂的使用,实现了低气味、优异的热老化性能及较长的热稳定性能;通过添加合理量的润滑剂,确保高阻燃PVC护套材料塑化良好,实现了产品综合性能达到平衡和良好的加工性能,适合电线电缆快速挤出要求;由于提供的制备方法工艺简练、无苛刻的工艺要素,因而得以满足工业化放大生产要求,并且得到的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料能如实地全面兑现所述的技术效果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,采用由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:
聚氯乙烯树脂100份;
耐高低温增塑剂38份;
钙锌复合稳定剂8份;
氯化聚乙烯18份;
无机阻燃剂60份;
三氧化二锑10份;
阻燃协效剂10份;
抗氧剂0.6份;
润滑剂1.1份。
将以上原料投入高速捏合机中混合,转移至双螺杆挤出机中熔融挤出,再经冷却并切粒,得到成品。
实施例2
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,采用由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:
聚氯乙烯树脂100份;
耐高低温增塑剂40份;
钙锌复合稳定剂10份;
氯化聚乙烯20份;
无机阻燃剂70份;
三氧化二锑10份;
阻燃协效剂12份;
抗氧剂0.8份;
润滑剂1.6份。
将以上原料投入高速捏合机中混合,转移至双螺杆挤出机中熔融挤出,再经冷却并切粒,得到成品。
实施例3
一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,采用由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:
聚氯乙烯树脂100份;
耐高低温增塑剂28份;
钙锌复合稳定剂6份;
氯化聚乙烯5份;
无机阻燃剂70份;
三氧化二锑8份;
阻燃协效剂8份;
抗氧剂0.4份;
润滑剂0.6份。
将以上原料投入高速捏合机中混合,转移至双螺杆挤出机中熔融挤出,再经冷却并切粒,得到成品。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (7)
1.一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于其是由以下按重量份数配比的原料构成:聚氯乙烯树脂100份;耐高低温增塑剂28~52份;钙锌复合稳定剂6~10份;氯化聚乙烯5~30份;无机阻燃剂50~70份;三氧化二锑8~15份;阻燃协效剂8~12份;抗氧剂0.4~0.8份;润滑剂0.6~1.6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,所述的氯化聚乙烯为氯含量为36±1%并且门尼粘度为95-110的橡胶型氯化聚乙烯;所述的抗氧剂为复合抗氧剂B225、抗氧剂1010中的任意一种或两种;所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸与聚乙烯蜡的组合、硬脂酸和聚乙烯蜡以及硬脂酸辛酯三者的组合,或者硬脂酸以及聚乙烯蜡中的任意一种与硬脂酸辛酯的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于所述的聚氯乙烯树脂为聚合度1300的聚氯乙烯树脂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于所述的耐高低温增塑剂为偏苯三酸酯类增塑剂、偏苯三酸三辛酯与癸二酸二辛酯的混合物或者偏苯三酸三辛酯与己二酸二辛酯的混合物,其中:偏苯三酸三辛酯与癸二酸二辛酯或者与己二酸二辛酯的重量比为20~47:5~8。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于所述的钙锌复合稳定剂为粉状105℃等级钙锌复合稳定剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于所述的无机阻燃剂为氢氧化铝和碳酸钙两者按重量比30~65∶5~20的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃绝缘护套材料,其特征在于所述的阻燃协效剂为硼酸锌或锡酸锌。
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CN113817277A (zh) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-12-21 | 杭州永通新材料有限公司 | 90℃软聚氯乙烯弹性体护套料 |
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CN113817277A (zh) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-12-21 | 杭州永通新材料有限公司 | 90℃软聚氯乙烯弹性体护套料 |
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