CN112065415A - Test device and method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN112065415A CN112065415A CN202011092899.6A CN202011092899A CN112065415A CN 112065415 A CN112065415 A CN 112065415A CN 202011092899 A CN202011092899 A CN 202011092899A CN 112065415 A CN112065415 A CN 112065415A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention relates to a test device and a test method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction, and belongs to the field of civil engineering tests. Comprises a transparent model box filled with transparent soil, a double-circle tunnel model, a tractor, a laser emitter and a camera; the double-round tunnel model horizontally penetrates through the transparent model box and comprises a transparent double-round supporting column and a transparent double-round pipe which are sleeved inside and outside and can slide relatively, and the transparent double-round supporting column and the transparent double-round pipe which are positioned in the transparent model box are embedded in transparent soil; the tractor is connected with the transparent double round tubes outside the transparent model box to intermittently drag the transparent double round tubes to horizontally twitch; the laser emitter and the camera are respectively provided with two parts and are arranged on the periphery of the transparent model box corresponding to the transparent double-circular tube, one of the laser emitter and the camera is respectively arranged on two sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube, and the other laser emitter and the camera are respectively arranged on two vertical sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube. Convenient operation, simple structure, and visual and accurate simulation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering tests, and relates to a test device and a test method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction.
Background
With the increasing maturity of tunnel construction technology, in order to meet the requirements of underground tunnel excavation on high efficiency, large scale, low cost and resource conservation, the section of the shield tunnel is gradually developed into the form of rectangular, quasi-rectangular, elliptical, double-circular tunnel sections and the like from the circular section. In 1986, a precedent of Double-round shield (DOT) tunnel construction was created in Japan. Compared with two single round tunnels parallel to each other, the double round tunnels have the advantages of small excavation space, low construction cost, small influence on environment and the like, and are gradually widely applied to urban underground traffic construction. Stratum displacement caused by excavation in the construction process of the double-circular shield tunnel is inevitable, and is particularly obvious in a soft soil stratum, and the mechanism of the stratum displacement caused in the construction process is more complicated due to the unique section shape. Therefore, it is very important to study the stratum displacement rule caused by the construction of the double-circular shield tunnel.
The basic principle of the transparent soil is that the transparent soil is formed by mixing transparent granular materials and pore fluid with the same (near) refractive index, and the soil body has geotechnical engineering properties similar to those of natural soil bodies. A laser can form a speckle field in the soil body, and an industrial camera is used for shooting pictures. Compared with the gray values of the pictures at different time points by using the PIV technology, the relative displacement of the different time points can be obtained by using the correlation function, so that the macroscopic deformation process of the interior of the soil body of the double-circle tunnel is obtained.
In the prior art, a model test device and a test method for tunnel excavation in a transparent soil foundation exist, and the step-by-step tunnel excavation process in a transparent soil model test is realized by controlling the volumes of a plurality of water bags pre-buried in transparent soil. However, the water bag drainage method adopted by the test method cannot ensure that the section shape of the tunnel is kept stable in the excavation process. In addition, in order to realize the step-by-step excavation of the tunnel, a plurality of drain pipes need to be buried in the transparent soil, and the accuracy of the experiment is influenced. In addition, the excavation process of the double round tunnel cannot be accurately simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a testing apparatus and method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction, which solves the deficiencies in the prior art, and more intuitively and accurately displays the internal displacement of the surrounding soil layer caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction to obtain a three-dimensional deformation field of soil layer displacement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-round shield tunnel construction comprises a transparent model box, a double-round tunnel model, a tractor, a laser emitter and a camera; filling transparent soil in the transparent model box; the double-round tunnel model horizontally penetrates through the transparent model box and comprises a transparent double-round supporting column and a transparent double-round pipe which are sleeved inside and outside and can slide relatively, and the transparent double-round supporting column and the transparent double-round pipe which are positioned in the transparent model box are embedded in transparent soil; the tractor is connected with the transparent double round tubes outside the transparent model box to intermittently drag the transparent double round tubes to horizontally twitch; the laser emitter and the camera are respectively provided with two parts and are arranged on the periphery of the transparent model box corresponding to the transparent double-circular tube, one of the laser emitter and the camera is respectively arranged on two sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube, and the other laser emitter and the camera are respectively arranged on two vertical sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube.
Furthermore, the transparent model box is rectangular, and two opposite wall surfaces of the transparent model box are provided with double-round holes for the double-round tunnel model to pass through.
Further, double round sealing rings are installed at the positions of the double round holes.
Furthermore, the periphery of the transparent double-round tube is sleeved with a transparent double-round elastic tube.
Furthermore, one end of the transparent double-circular tube is provided with a traction head for connecting with a tractor.
Further, the transparent double-circular tube comprises three types of sinking type, uniform type and floating type transparent double-circular tubes.
Furthermore, the transparent double-circle supporting column comprises two sections, wherein one section is provided with a double-circle convex head, the other section is provided with a matched double-circle groove, and the double-circle convex head is inserted into the double-circle groove to form a whole.
Furthermore, the transparent double-round supporting column is provided with scale marks.
The test method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circle shield tunnel construction, forming two-dimensional speckle profiles in transparent soil by irradiating two laser transmitters at an initial position, and respectively shooting the two-dimensional speckle profiles by two cameras to obtain two-dimensional speckle profile images;
s2, using a tractor to draw the transparent double-round tube to horizontally move for a certain displacement and stop, and recording the volume change of the transparent double-round tube; adjusting the height and the horizontal position of the laser transmitter, and acquiring a two-dimensional speckle profile image under certain displacement through irradiation of the laser transmitter and shooting of a camera;
s3, repeating the step S2, and obtaining two-dimensional speckle sectional images at different positions of the transparent double-circular tube under certain displacement each time until the simulation process of the double-circular shield tunnel construction is finished;
and S4, processing the two-dimensional speckle profile image through related software to obtain a displacement vector diagram, and accordingly obtaining a stratum displacement rule caused by the construction of the double-circle shield tunnel.
Furthermore, the transparent double-circular pipe comprises three types of a sinking type transparent double-circular pipe, a uniform type transparent double-circular pipe and a floating type transparent double-circular pipe, and the type of the transparent double-circular pipe is changed to simulate the stratum displacement condition caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction at different supporting positions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a test device and a method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-round shield tunnel construction, which are visual, low in cost, quick and convenient, and can intuitively and accurately simulate and verify the stratum displacement caused by actual engineering double-round tunnel excavation. The transparent double-round tube is driven to slide relative to the transparent double-round support column through automatic traction of the tractor, interference caused by manual twitching is avoided, and test efficiency and accuracy are improved.
(2) The double-round tunnel model comprises the transparent double-round supporting columns and the transparent double-round pipes, a drain pipe does not need to be buried in a soil body as in the prior art, the disturbance of the drain pipe to the soil body is avoided, and the double-round shield tunnel construction process is simulated really.
(3) According to the invention, the transparent double-round elastic pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the transparent double-round pipe, and the characteristic of deformable and telescopic property of the transparent double-round elastic pipe is utilized, so that the friction between the transparent double-round pipe and the transparent soil in the moving process is avoided, the disturbance to the transparent soil is reduced, and the test accuracy is further improved.
(4) The scale marks arranged on the transparent double-round supporting column are convenient for setting and recording the displacement of each movement of the transparent double-round column, so that the test convenience is improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transparent mold box;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transparent elastic double-round tube;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a transparent double-round support tube;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a transparent double round tube;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of three types of a sinking type transparent double round pipe, a uniform type transparent double round pipe and a floating type transparent double round pipe.
Reference numerals: the double-round tunnel model comprises a transparent model box 1, a first double-round hole 11, a second double-round hole 12, a first double-round sealing ring 13, a second double-round sealing ring 14, a double-round tunnel model 2, a transparent double-round supporting column 21, a double-round raised head 211, a double-round groove 212, a scale mark 213, a transparent double-round pipe 22, a traction head 221, a sunken transparent double-round pipe 222, a uniform transparent double-round pipe 223, a floating transparent double-round pipe 224, a transparent double-round elastic pipe 23, a tractor 3, a laser emitter 4 and a camera 5.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a test apparatus for simulating formation displacement caused by double-round shield tunnel construction includes a transparent model box 1, a double-round tunnel model 2, a tractor 3, a laser emitter 4 and a camera 5.
Referring to fig. 2, the transparent mold box 1 is an open rectangle, the middle of two opposite wall surfaces of the transparent mold box is provided with a first double-circular hole 11 and a second double-circular hole 12 for the double-circular tunnel mold 2 to pass through, and the first double-circular hole 11 and the second double-circular hole 12 are respectively provided with a first double-circular sealing ring 13 and a second double-circular sealing ring 14. The transparent model box 1 is filled with transparent soil.
The double-round tunnel model 2 horizontally penetrates through the transparent model box 1 and comprises a transparent double-round supporting column 21 and a transparent double-round pipe 22 which are sleeved inside and outside and can slide relatively, and the transparent double-round supporting column 21 and the transparent double-round pipe 22 which are positioned in the transparent model box 1 are embedded in transparent soil. The transparent double round supporting column 21 is made of PVC material, and the transparent double round tube 22 is made of organic glass material. The drain pipe is not required to be buried in the transparent soil as in the prior art, the disturbance of the drain pipe to the soil body is avoided, and the double-circular shield tunnel construction process is simulated really.
As shown in fig. 4, the transparent double-circular supporting column 21 includes two sections, one end of one section passes through the second double-circular hole 12 to expose the transparent model box 1, and the end is further provided with scale marks 213, so as to set and record the displacement of each movement of the transparent double-circular tube 22, and improve the convenience of the test; the other end is positioned in the transparent model box 1 and is provided with a double-round convex head 211. One end of the other section passes through the first double-round hole 11 to expose the transparent mold box 1, the other end of the section is positioned in the transparent mold box 1 and is provided with a double-round groove 212 matched with the double-round protrusion 211, and the double-round protrusion 211 is inserted into the double-round groove 212 to form a whole.
Referring to fig. 3, the double round tunnel model 2 further includes a transparent double round elastic tube 23, which is sleeved on the periphery of the transparent double round tube 22, and one end of the transparent double round elastic tube near the scale mark 213 extends out of the transparent model box 1 through the second double round hole 12. The transparent double round elastic tube 23 is made of transparent rubber material, and the circumference in the natural state is smaller than the circumference of the double round protrusion 211 of the transparent double round supporting column 21 and exceeds the circumference of the transparent double round tube 22 when the expansion is maximum. The double round nipple 211 is also surrounded by a transparent double round elastic tube 23. The characteristic that the transparent double-round elastic tube 23 has can deform and stretch is utilized, so that the friction between the transparent double-round tube 22 and the transparent soil in the moving process is avoided, the disturbance to the transparent soil is reduced, and the accuracy of the test is further improved.
Referring to fig. 5, one end of the transparent double round tube 22 near the scale mark 213 extends out of the transparent box through the second double round hole 12, and the end is provided with a traction head 221 for connecting the tractor 3.
Referring to fig. 6, from left to right, the transparent double circular tube 22 includes three types, in order, a sinking type transparent double circular tube 222, a uniform type transparent double circular tube 223, and a floating type transparent double circular tube 224. The sinking type transparent double circular tube 222, the uniform type transparent double circular tube 223 and the floating type transparent double circular tube 224 are identical in appearance outline, the inner centers of the sinking type transparent double circular tube 222 and the floating type transparent double circular tube 224 are eccentric downwards and upwards respectively, the wall thickness of the uniform type transparent double circular tube 223 is uniform, and the inner center is the center of the structure.
The tractor 3 is connected with the traction head 221 of the transparent double-circular tube 22 outside the transparent model box 1 to intermittently draw the transparent double-circular tube 22 to horizontally twitch, so that the interference caused by manual twitch is avoided, and the test efficiency and accuracy are improved.
The two laser transmitters 4 and the two cameras 5 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the transparent model box 1 corresponding to the transparent double-circular tube 22, one of the laser transmitters 4 and the two cameras 5 is respectively arranged on two sides of the drawing direction of the transparent double-circular tube 22, and the other laser transmitter 4 and the other camera 5 is respectively arranged on two sides of the drawing direction of the transparent double-circular tube 22 in the vertical direction.
The test method for simulating the stratum displacement caused by the construction of the double-circular shield tunnel by using the test device provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circle shield tunnel construction, irradiating two laser transmitters 4 in transparent soil to form two-dimensional speckle profiles at an initial position, and respectively shooting the two-dimensional speckle profiles by two cameras 5 to obtain two-dimensional speckle profile images;
the specific assembling process is as follows:
s11, installing a first double-circular sealing ring 13 and a second double-circular sealing ring 14 at a first double-circular hole 11 and a second double-circular hole 12 of the transparent model box 1 respectively;
s12, embedding a section of transparent double-round supporting column 21 with a double-round raised head 211 into a sunken transparent double-round tube 222, and sleeving a transparent double-round elastic tube 23 outside the sunken transparent double-round tube 222; wherein, the double-round raised head 211 of the transparent double-round supporting column 21 is wrapped by the transparent double-round elastic tube 23;
s13, inserting the double-round raised head 211 wrapped by the transparent double-round elastic tube 23 into the double-round groove 212 where the other section of the transparent double-round supporting column 21 is located to form the integral transparent double-round supporting column 21, and fixing one end of the transparent double-round elastic tube 23; thereby assembling the double-circle tunnel model 2;
s14, embedding the assembled double-circle tunnel model 2 into a first double-circle hole 11 and a second double-circle hole 12 of a transparent model box 1, sealing the existing gap through a first sealing ring, and wrapping the outer edge of a second double-circle sealing ring 14 through one end, extending out of the transparent model box 1, of a transparent double-circle elastic tube 23;
s15, filling the artificially synthesized and prepared transparent soil into a transparent model box 1 to a height of submerging the double-circle tunnel model 2, and sealing the transparent model box 1; if excessive bubbles are mixed in the filling process, operations such as stirring, standing and the like are needed to eliminate the bubbles;
s16, installing and debugging two laser transmitters 4 and a camera 5, wherein the irradiation surface and the shooting surface of the two laser transmitters are respectively vertical to the wall surface of the corresponding transparent model box 1; turning off a laboratory light source, turning on two laser transmitters 4 and increasing the laser intensity of the two laser transmitters so that the two laser transmitters form two mutually vertical two-dimensional speckle profiles in the transparent soil;
s2, using the tractor 3 to draw the sinking type transparent double-circular tube 222 to horizontally move for a certain displacement according to the scale marks 213 and stop, and recording the volume change of the sinking type transparent double-circular tube 222; adjusting the height and the horizontal position of the laser transmitter 4, irradiating by the laser transmitter 4 and shooting by the camera 5, and acquiring a two-dimensional speckle profile image under a certain displacement;
s3, repeating the step S2, obtaining and storing two-dimensional speckle profile images at different positions of the sinking type transparent double-circular tube 222 under certain displacement each time until the simulation process of the double-circular shield tunnel construction is finished;
s4, replacing the sunken transparent double circular tube 222 with a uniform transparent double circular tube 223, and acquiring and storing two-dimensional speckle sectional images at different positions of the uniform transparent double circular tube 223 at certain displacement at each time according to the same step;
s5, replacing the uniform transparent double circular tube 223 with a floating type transparent double circular tube 224 again, and acquiring and storing two-dimensional speckle sectional images at different positions of the floating type transparent double circular tube 224 at certain displacement each time according to the phase synchronization step;
and S6, obtaining three groups of two-dimensional speckle profile images obtained by PIV processing to respectively obtain displacement vector diagrams, and accordingly obtaining stratum displacement rules caused by double-circle shield tunnel construction at different supporting positions.
The assembly test device respectively carried out on the sinking type transparent double circular tube 222, the uniform type transparent double circular tube 223 and the floating type transparent double circular tube 224 obtains and processes related information, analyzes related stratum displacement rules, has no restriction on implementation sequence, and can be combined and changed at will.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Test device that two circular shield tunnel constructions arouse stratum displacement, its characterized in that: comprises a transparent model box, a double-circle tunnel model, a tractor, a laser emitter and a camera; transparent soil is filled in the transparent model box; the double-round tunnel model horizontally penetrates through the transparent model box and comprises a transparent double-round supporting column and a transparent double-round pipe which are sleeved inside and outside and can slide relatively, and the transparent double-round supporting column and the transparent double-round pipe which are positioned in the transparent model box are embedded in transparent soil; the tractor is connected with the transparent double round tubes outside the transparent model box to intermittently drag the transparent double round tubes to horizontally twitch; the laser emitter and the camera are respectively provided with two parts and are arranged on the periphery of the transparent model box corresponding to the transparent double-circular tube, one of the laser emitter and the camera is respectively arranged on two sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube, and the other laser emitter and the camera are respectively arranged on two vertical sides of the twitching direction of the transparent double-circular tube.
2. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparent model box is rectangular, and two opposite wall surfaces of the transparent model box are provided with double-circle holes for the double-circle tunnel model to pass through.
3. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a double-circle sealing ring is arranged at the double-circle hole.
4. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the periphery of the transparent double-round tube is sleeved with a transparent double-round elastic tube.
5. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the transparent double-round tube is provided with a traction head for connecting a tractor.
6. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparent double-circular tube comprises three types of sinking type, uniform type and floating type transparent double-circular tubes.
7. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparent double-circle supporting column comprises two sections, wherein one section is provided with a double-circle protruding head, the other section is provided with a matched double-circle groove, and the double-circle protruding head is inserted into the double-circle groove to form a whole.
8. The test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the transparent double-circle supporting column is provided with scale marks.
9. The test method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a test device for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circle shield tunnel construction, forming two-dimensional speckle profiles in transparent soil by irradiating two laser transmitters at an initial position, and respectively shooting the two-dimensional speckle profiles by two cameras to obtain two-dimensional speckle profile images;
s2, using a tractor to draw the transparent double-round tube to horizontally move for a certain displacement and stop, and recording the volume change of the transparent double-round tube; adjusting the height and the horizontal position of the laser transmitter, and acquiring a two-dimensional speckle profile image under certain displacement through irradiation of the laser transmitter and shooting of a camera;
s3, repeating the step S2, and obtaining two-dimensional speckle sectional images at different positions of the transparent double-circular tube under certain displacement each time until the simulation process of the double-circular shield tunnel construction is finished;
and S4, processing the two-dimensional speckle profile image through related software to obtain a displacement vector diagram, and accordingly obtaining a stratum displacement rule caused by the construction of the double-circle shield tunnel.
10. The test method for simulating stratum displacement caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: the transparent double-circular pipe comprises three types of a sinking type transparent double-circular pipe, an even type transparent double-circular pipe and a floating type transparent double-circular pipe, and the types of the transparent double-circular pipes are changed to simulate stratum displacement conditions caused by double-circular shield tunnel construction at different supporting positions.
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| CN112065415B (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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