CN112049009B - Shallow formula raft type anchorage that buries - Google Patents
Shallow formula raft type anchorage that buries Download PDFInfo
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- CN112049009B CN112049009B CN202010813263.XA CN202010813263A CN112049009B CN 112049009 B CN112049009 B CN 112049009B CN 202010813263 A CN202010813263 A CN 202010813263A CN 112049009 B CN112049009 B CN 112049009B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
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Abstract
The application relates to a shallow-buried raft type anchorage, which relates to the technical field of bridge engineering and comprises a raft type foundation, an invisible frame structure and an anchorage body; the raft foundation is formed by pouring concrete, is flat, and is partially embedded in a weak bearing layer of the ground; the invisible frame structure consists of a reinforced steel bar structure and is arranged in the raft foundation; and the anchor body is arranged on the top surface of the raft type foundation and is used for connecting the main cable. The utility model provides a shallow formula raft type anchorage that buries replaces traditional deep buried formula gravity anchor with raft type anchorage that has shallow formula basis of burying, has reduced the foundation ditch excavation construction degree of difficulty by a wide margin, has shortened the time limit for a project, has reduced engineering cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a shallow-buried raft type anchorage.
Background
The large-span suspension bridge utilizes the high-strength steel wire bundles to bear the weight of the steel box girder, has strong spanning capability, and is widely applied to spanning gulfs and valleys at home and abroad. The anchor is one of four structural components of the suspension bridge, and has two types of gravity anchors and tunnel anchors. The gravity anchor balances the tension of the main cable through the self gravity and transmits the vertical tension and the horizontal shearing force generated by the load on the bridge to the foundation. The gravity anchor has strong applicability, and various rock and soil layers can be used as foundation bearing layers and are most widely applied.
In the related art, when a large-span suspension bridge at home and abroad is constructed, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the structure, a deep-buried gravity anchor is generally adopted, and the deep-buried gravity anchor comprises deep-buried foundations such as an underground diaphragm wall or an open caisson foundation.
However, the deep-buried gravity anchor is deeply buried and has a high underground water level head, so that the excavation and support difficulty during foundation construction is high, the risk is high, the construction period is long, and the construction cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a shallow formula raft type anchorage buries replaces traditional deep formula gravity anchor with raft type anchorage that has shallow formula basis of burying, has reduced the foundation ditch excavation construction degree of difficulty by a wide margin, has shortened the time limit for a project, has reduced engineering cost.
The application provides a shallow-buried raft type anchorage which comprises a raft type foundation formed by pouring concrete, wherein the raft type foundation is flat, and part of the raft type foundation is buried in a weak bearing layer of the ground; the invisible frame structure is composed of a reinforcing steel bar reinforcing structure and is arranged in the raft foundation; and the anchor body is arranged on the top surface of the raft type foundation and is used for connecting the main cable.
In some embodiments, the raft foundation is circular in a horizontal plane, has a diameter D that is the width of the raft foundation, has an aspect ratio k = H/D, H is the height, and k is no greater than 0.2.
In some embodiments, the raft foundation is square, rectangular or trapezoidal in shape in the horizontal plane, and has a longitudinal width B1, a transverse width B2, and a height H in the horizontal plane; the aspect ratio k = H/min { B1, B2}, and k is not greater than 0.2.
In some embodiments, the raft foundation has a burial depth greater than a height of the raft foundation.
In some embodiments, the invisible frame structure comprises an invisible top plate, an invisible bottom plate, an invisible cross beam and an invisible longitudinal beam, the invisible cross beam and the invisible longitudinal beam are vertically and fixedly connected with each other, and two ends of the invisible longitudinal beam exceed the invisible cross beam in a height direction by a certain distance; the invisible bottom plate is positioned on the bottom surface of the invisible cross beam and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams; the invisible top plate is positioned on the top surface of the invisible cross beam and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams.
In some embodiments, the invisible frame structure further comprises an invisible girder, the invisible girder is perpendicular to the invisible stringer, and the invisible girder width is greater than the invisible beam width.
In some embodiments, the anchor body has an anchor region for interfacing with a main cable, the anchor region corresponding to above the invisible girder, an end of the main cable being fixedly connected to the invisible girder.
In some embodiments, the invisible beams are equally spaced, and the invisible stringers are equally spaced.
In some embodiments, the invisible girders, the invisible top plates, the invisible bottom plates, the invisible beams and the invisible stringers are fixedly connected into a whole.
In some embodiments, the raft foundation has a burial depth of no greater than 15m.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a shallow-buried raft type anchorage, which comprises a flat raft type foundation, wherein a hidden frame structure is arranged in the raft type foundation, so that the strength of the whole raft type anchorage is enhanced, and an anchor body connected with a main cable is arranged above the raft type foundation; compared with the traditional deep buried gravity anchor, the shallow buried raft type anchor can greatly reduce the difficulty of excavation construction of a foundation pit, shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost; meanwhile, the invisible frame structure is arranged in the raft type foundation, so that anchoring of the main cable strands and uniform transmission of main cable force are facilitated, the raft type foundation can adapt to uneven settlement of a soft foundation, and the raft type foundation is high in practicability and wide in application range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a top cross-sectional view (not including raft foundation concrete) provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line H-H of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of FIG. 1 with the invisible top plate and the invisible bottom plate removed;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 6;
reference numerals: 1. a raft-type foundation; 2. an anchor body; 3. a weak supporting layer; 4. an anchor zone; 5. an invisible crossbeam; 6. a hidden top plate; 7. a hidden bottom plate; 8. invisible cross beams; 9. invisible stringers; 100. invisible frame structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application discloses an embodiment of a shallow-buried raft-type anchor, comprising a raft-type foundation 1, an invisible frame structure 100, and an anchor body 2, wherein the raft-type foundation 1 is formed by casting concrete, is flat, and is partially buried in a weak supporting layer 3 of soil. Specifically, the bottom surface of the raft foundation 1 is directly contacted with the weak supporting layer 3, and the side surface of the raft foundation 1 is mostly surrounded by the weak supporting layer 3 and the small part is surrounded by the soil surface layer, and floats on the weak supporting layer 3 like a "wooden raft". The invisible frame structure 100 is composed of a reinforcing steel bar reinforcing structure, is arranged inside the raft foundation 1, and is hidden in the concrete structure of the raft foundation 1. The anchor body 2 is arranged on the top surface of the raft type foundation 1 and used for connecting and fixing the main cable. The reinforced structure is formed by processing reinforced concrete.
In this embodiment, the basic bearing capacity of the foundation of the weak bearing layer 3 is not greater than 400kPa, and the raft foundation 1 is flat, which is beneficial to the raft foundation 1 to balance the tension of the main cable by its own weight and prevent the raft foundation 1 from sinking.
In the present embodiment, the raft foundation 1 is circular in the horizontal plane, and has a diameter D, that is, a width D in each direction of the horizontal plane, the height-to-width ratio k = H/D of the raft foundation 1, H is the height of the raft foundation 1, and k is not more than 0.2. The height-width ratio k enables the circular raft foundation 1 to be flat, the required buried depth is shallow, the underground water level water head is small, and the excavation construction difficulty is small.
In other embodiments, the shape of the raft-type foundation 1 on the horizontal plane may also be square, rectangular or trapezoidal, the longitudinal width of the raft-type foundation 1 on the horizontal plane is B1, the transverse width is B2, and the height of the raft-type foundation 1 is H; the aspect ratio k = H/min { B1, B2}, and k is again no greater than 0.2.
As shown in fig. 2, further, the buried depth S of the raft foundation 1 is greater than the height H of the raft foundation 1, and the whole raft-type anchor is hidden in the soil. In the present embodiment, the invisible frame structure 100 is equal to the height of the raft foundation 1, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the invisible frame structure 100 are both flush with the raft foundation 1.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, further, the invisible frame structure 100 comprises an invisible top plate 6, an invisible bottom plate 7, an invisible cross beam 8 and an invisible longitudinal beam 9, wherein the invisible cross beam 8 and the invisible longitudinal beam 9 are vertically and fixedly connected with each other. Two ends of the invisible longitudinal beam 9 in the height direction exceed the invisible cross beam 8 for a certain distance; the invisible bottom plate 7 is positioned on the bottom surface of the invisible cross beam 8 and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams 9; the invisible top plate 6 is positioned on the top surface of the invisible cross beam 8 and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams 9. Specifically, the invisible top plate 6, the invisible bottom plate 7, the invisible cross beam 8 and the invisible longitudinal beam 9 are all reinforcing steel bar structures.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the invisible bottom plate 7 and the invisible top plate 6 which are disposed up and down are arranged symmetrically in the height direction.
In the embodiment, the distance between two ends of the invisible longitudinal beam 9 and the invisible transverse beam 8 is just equal to the thickness of the invisible bottom plate 7 and the invisible top plate 6. Preferably, the invisible top plate 6 and the invisible bottom plate 7 are equal in thickness.
Preferably, the invisible frame structure 100 further comprises invisible girders 5, the invisible girders 5 are perpendicular to the invisible stringers 9, and the width of the invisible girders 5 is greater than that of the invisible girders 8. The invisible crossbeam 5 is a reinforcing steel bar reinforcing structure as the most important bearing structure of the invisible frame structure 100, and can bear strong tensile force.
As shown in fig. 3, the height of the invisible stringer 9 is H; as shown in fig. 7, the contact stringers 9 extend beyond the contact beams 5 at both ends in the height direction by a distance.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, further, the anchor body 2 has an anchoring area 4, the anchoring area 4 is specially used for butt joint with the main cable, the anchoring area 4 is arranged above the invisible girder 5, and the invisible girder 5 is located at the bottom end of the main cable. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the main cables are spread in the anchor body 2, and the ends of the main cables are fixedly connected to the hidden girder 5. The main cable force of the main cable strand is uniformly transmitted to the whole invisible frame structure 100 through the invisible crossbeam 5, and the whole raft type anchorage bears the main cable force when being transmitted to the whole raft type anchorage, so that a good anchoring effect is achieved.
Preferably, stealthy crossbeam 8 equidistant setting, stealthy longeron 9 equidistant setting can make arranging of stealthy frame construction 100 in the raft type anchorage more regular, is favorable to the concrete placement shaping of stealthy frame construction 100 median strip.
In the embodiment, the invisible crossbeam 5, the invisible top plate 6, the invisible bottom plate 7, the invisible cross beam 8 and the invisible longitudinal beam 9 are fixedly connected into a whole. Preferably, the buried depth of the raft foundation 1 is not more than 15m, so that the excavation depth of the foundation pit is further limited, and the whole raft type anchorage is laid on the weak supporting layer in a flat shape.
The shallow-buried raft type anchorage comprises a flat raft type foundation 1 with an invisible frame structure 100 arranged inside, wherein an anchorage body connected with a main cable is arranged above the raft type foundation 1; compared with the traditional deep buried gravity anchor, the shallow buried raft type anchor can greatly reduce the difficulty of excavation construction of a foundation pit, shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost; meanwhile, the invisible frame structure 100 is arranged in the raft foundation 1, so that anchoring of the main cable and uniform transmission of force of the main cable are facilitated, the raft foundation can adapt to uneven settlement of a soft foundation, and the raft foundation is high in practicability and wide in application range.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description is only an example of the present application, and is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a shallow formula raft type anchorage which characterized in that contains:
a raft-type foundation (1) formed by pouring concrete, which is flat and partially embedded in a weak bearing layer (3) of soil;
an invisible frame structure (100) composed of a steel reinforcement structure, which is arranged inside the raft foundation (1);
the anchor body (2) is arranged on the top surface of the raft foundation (1) and is used for connecting a main cable;
the invisible frame structure (100) comprises an invisible top plate (6), an invisible bottom plate (7), an invisible cross beam (8) and an invisible longitudinal beam (9), the invisible cross beam (8) and the invisible longitudinal beam (9) are mutually perpendicular and fixedly connected, the invisible bottom plate (7) is positioned on the bottom surface of the invisible cross beam (8), and the invisible top plate (6) is positioned on the top surface of the invisible cross beam (8);
the invisible frame structure (100) further comprises invisible crossbeams (5), the invisible crossbeams (5) are perpendicular to the invisible longitudinal beams (9), and the widths of the invisible crossbeams (5) are larger than the widths of the invisible transverse beams (8);
the anchor body (2) is provided with an anchoring area (4) for butting with a main cable, the anchoring area (4) corresponds to the position above the invisible girder (5), and the tail end of the main cable is fixedly connected with the invisible girder (5);
the height of the invisible frame structure (100) is equal to that of the raft foundation (1), and the top surface and the ground of the invisible frame structure are flush with the raft foundation (1).
2. A shallow raft type anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raft foundation (1) is circular in the horizontal plane, the diameter D of the raft foundation (1) is the width of the raft foundation, the height-to-width ratio k = H/D of the raft foundation (1), H is the height, and k is not more than 0.2.
3. The shallow raft type anchorage of claim 1, wherein: the shape of the raft foundation (1) on the horizontal plane is square, rectangular or trapezoidal, the longitudinal width of the raft foundation (1) on the horizontal plane is B1, the transverse width of the raft foundation is B2, and the height of the raft foundation is H; the aspect ratio k = H/min { B1, B2} of the raft-type foundation (1), and k is not more than 0.2.
4. A shallow raft type anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buried depth of the raft foundation (1) is larger than the height of the raft foundation (1).
5. The shallow raft type anchorage of claim 4, wherein: two ends of the invisible longitudinal beam (9) in the height direction exceed the invisible transverse beam (8) for a certain distance; the invisible bottom plate (7) is positioned and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams (9); the invisible top plate (6) is positioned and fixed between two adjacent invisible longitudinal beams (9).
6. A shallow raft type anchorage as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the invisible cross beams (8) are arranged at equal intervals, and the invisible longitudinal beams (9) are arranged at equal intervals.
7. A shallow raft type anchorage as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the invisible crossbeam (5), the invisible top plate (6), the invisible bottom plate (7), the invisible crossbeam (8) and the invisible longitudinal beam (9) are fixedly connected into a whole.
8. A shallow raft type anchorage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the embedded depth of the raft foundation (1) is not more than 15m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010813263.XA CN112049009B (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Shallow formula raft type anchorage that buries |
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| CN202010813263.XA CN112049009B (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Shallow formula raft type anchorage that buries |
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| CN112049009A CN112049009A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
| CN112049009B true CN112049009B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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