CN112046114A - 一种高性能复合装饰膜材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高性能复合装饰膜材料,它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层和基材层,所述EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,所述纹理层由热塑性树脂构成,所述EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂34~54份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯12~18份,硅烷偶联剂0.5~5份,紫外线吸收剂0.1~2份,耐磨助剂0.1~2份,分散剂0.1~2份,消泡剂0.1~2份,阻燃剂0.1~2份。本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料,克服了现有复合工艺的缺陷,不仅具有高外观,对纹理层贴合良好,纹理表现清晰,而且性能优异,适用于塑料家装板、金属板、木材等基材表面。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于装饰膜领域,具体涉及一种高性能复合装饰膜材料。
背景技术
通常的,通过在树脂模制产品的表面上层压装饰片而获得的装饰树脂模制产品已经用于车辆内部/外部部件,建筑材料内饰材料,家用电器壳体等。在这种装饰性树脂成型品的制造中,使用通过注射成型将具有预先给出的设计的装饰片与树脂一体化的成型方法等。作为这种成型方法的典型示例,通过真空成型模具将装饰片初步成型为三维形状,将装饰片插入注射成型模具中,并且将液态的树脂注入模具中。通过注射成型法使树脂和装饰片一体化的同时注射成型,或者在注入模腔中将熔融树脂注入到型腔中而使插入到模具中的装饰片一体化。基于这样的装饰树脂成型品的表面赋予凹凸、立体感、深度等的方法,在基材片的背面印刷图案,并通过压花(压花)加工得到表面凹凸纹理。
在该类产品的表面一般会涂覆上保护层,如各种EB涂层,但是目前市售的装饰膜涂料产品泛用性差,无法同时适用于立体纹理装饰板和镜面装饰板,而用于立体纹理装饰板时,涂料又无法兼顾立体形状感、透光感与装饰膜表面物理性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在现有技术的基础上,提供一种高性能复合装饰膜材料,该装饰膜材料的表面采用了特殊的EB涂层,从而使得该装饰膜材料具有优异的耐候性、耐粘污性、耐日晒、耐磨性、耐溶剂性、耐燃性、耐冲击、耐化学性等性能。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种用于复合装饰膜材料的高性能EB涂料,它适用于立体纹理装饰膜以及镜面平面纹理装饰膜。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种高性能复合装饰膜材料,它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层和基材层,所述EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,所述纹理层由热塑性树脂构成,所述EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂34~54份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯12~18份,硅烷偶联剂0.5~5份,紫外线吸收剂0.1~2份,耐磨助剂0.1~2份,分散剂0.1~2份,消泡剂0.1~2份,阻燃剂0.1~2份。
在一种优选方案中,EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂36~504份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯14~16份,硅烷偶联剂1~3份,紫外线吸收剂0.2~1.5份,耐磨助剂0.2~1.5份,分散剂0.2~1.5份,消泡剂0.2~1.5份,阻燃剂0.2~1.5份。
在一种优选方案中,所述三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为武汉拉那白医药化工3290-92-4;所述硅烷偶联剂为kh590或kh550;所述紫外线吸收剂为Tinuvin326BASF;所述阻燃剂为希伯来涂料阻燃剂。
本发明的EB涂料的制备方法包括先将乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯混合后,高速搅拌均匀分散,然后加入硅烷偶联剂、紫外线吸收剂、耐磨助剂、分散剂、消泡剂和阻燃剂继续进行低速搅拌分散,再使用三辊机进行多次研磨至细度≤3μm。
本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料中,EB涂层厚度为50~180μm。
本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料中,纹理层厚度为100~200μm。
本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料中,基材层厚度为100~300μm。
在一种优选方案中,纹理层与基材层之间还可增设有着色层。
本发明中的EB涂层由EB涂料涂覆在纹理层的表面,然后在氮气环境下采用低能电子束装置固化而成,辐射电压为380~420KeV,辐射剂量50~80kGy。
本发明中的纹理层采用热塑性树脂。该纹理层可以为立体纹理层或平面纹理层。其中立体纹理层在60~80℃加热下通过注塑或压花固化成形。
本发明中的基材层采用树脂薄膜,它具体包括但不限于聚氯乙烯薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯薄膜、聚脂塑料薄膜、环氧塑料薄膜等。
本发明还包括一种用于高性能复合装饰膜材料表面EB涂层的EB涂料,它由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂34~54份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯12~18份,硅烷偶联剂0.5~5份,紫外线吸收剂0.1~2份,耐磨助剂0.1~2份,分散剂0.1~2份,消泡剂0.1~2份,阻燃剂0.1~2份。其优选方案和制备方法如上所述。
本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料的表面采用了特殊的EB涂层,从而使得该装饰膜材料具有优异的耐候性、耐粘污性、耐日晒、耐磨性、耐溶剂性、耐燃性、耐冲击、耐化学性等性能。
本发明所提供的EB涂料通过乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯与硅烷偶联剂之间的相互作用,使得所形成的EB涂层具有各种优异的性能,它透光性好,适用于立体纹理装饰膜以及镜面平面纹理装饰膜,具有高外观装饰效果。
本发明的高性能复合装饰膜材料,克服了现有复合工艺的缺陷,不仅具有高外观,对纹理层贴合良好,纹理表现清晰,而且性能优异,适用于塑料家装板、金属板、木材等基材表面。
具体实施方式
通过以下实施例对本发明的检测方法作进一步的说明,但这些实施例不对本发明构成任何限制。
以下各例中EB涂料的制备方法为:先将乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯混合后,高速搅拌均匀分散,然后加入硅烷偶联剂、紫外线吸收剂、耐磨助剂、分散剂、消泡剂、阻燃剂继续进行低速搅拌分散,再使用三辊机进行多次研磨至细度≤3μm。
以下各例中EB涂层的固化方法为:EB涂料涂覆在纹理层的表面,然后在氮气环境下采用低能电子束装置固化而成,辐射电压为380~420KeV,辐射剂量50~80kGy。
以下各例中,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯采用武汉拉那白医药化工3290-92-4;硅烷偶联剂采用kh590;紫外线吸收剂采用Tinuvin326BASF;阻燃剂采用希伯来涂料阻燃剂。
实施例1
一种复合装饰膜材料,它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层、着色层和基材层,其中基材层采用150μm的PET膜,纹理层采用聚氯乙烯树脂在60~80℃加热下通过注塑或压花固化成形,其厚度为150μm。EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,其厚度为80μm。
EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂35份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯16份,硅烷偶联剂1份,紫外线吸收剂0.5份,耐磨助剂0.3份,分散剂0.6份,消泡剂0.7份,阻燃剂0.4份。
实施例2
一种复合装饰膜材料,它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层、着色层和基材层,其中基材层采用150μm的PET膜,纹理层采用聚氯乙烯树脂在60~80℃加热下通过注塑或压花固化成形,其厚度为150μm。EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,其厚度为80μm。
EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂50份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯14份,硅烷偶联剂2份,紫外线吸收剂0.5份,耐磨助剂0.3份,分散剂0.6份,消泡剂0.8份,阻燃剂0.4份。
实施例3
一种复合装饰膜材料,它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层、着色层和基材层,其中基材层采用150μm的PET膜,纹理层采用聚氯乙烯树脂在60~80℃加热下通过注塑或压花固化成形,其厚度为150μm。EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,其厚度为80μm。
EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂43份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯15份,硅烷偶联剂1份,紫外线吸收剂0.5份,耐磨助剂0.3份,分散剂0.6份,消泡剂0.6份,阻燃剂0.4份。
对比例1
将实施例1中的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂替换为聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,其余同实施例1。
对比例2
将实施例2中的三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯替换为甲基丙烯酸酯,其余同实施例2。
对比例3
将实施例3中的硅烷偶联剂移除,其余同实施例3。
实施例4
对实施例1-3和对比例1-3得到的复合装饰膜材料,对其进行各种性能测式。结果见表1和表2。
表1
各例 | 外观 | 耐热性 | 附着力 | 耐紫外线 | 耐冲击性 |
实施例1 | OK | 无分层脱色 | 1 | 合格 | 61 |
实施例2 | OK | 无分层脱色 | 1 | 合格 | 65 |
实施例3 | OK | 无分层脱色 | 1 | 合格 | 62 |
对比例1 | NG | 有分层 | 2 | 合格 | 40 |
对比例2 | NG | 无分层脱色 | 2 | 光泽度降低,变色 | 55 |
对比例3 | NG | 无分层脱色 | 3 | 合格 | 54 |
表2
测试方法及要求:
外观:观察涂覆是否均匀,纹理是否清晰。
附着力参照国家标准GB/T9286-1998《色漆和清漆漆膜的划格实验》进行十字划格胶带撕拉法测试,测试结果表示为0-5级,其中0级最好,5级最差。
耐热性:参考国家标准GB/T1735《漆膜耐热性测定》,采用耐300℃膜不发生皱皮、鼓泡、开裂或变色等现象的时间表示。
耐紫外线性:采用美国Q-Lab公司生产的QUV老化试验机UVA-340灯管,340nm波长,8h辐照,黑板温度60℃;4h冷凝,黑板温度50℃,观察涂料光泽和颜色。
耐冲击性:以GB/T 1732-93为标准测定其漆膜耐冲击强度
耐酸性:在20℃下,用浓度为0.05M的H2SO4浸泡24h。要求:涂层面无针孔气泡,无膨胀,无起皮,无脱落现象,正面无变色现象。
耐碱性:在55℃下,用浓度为0.1M的NaOH浸泡24h。要求:涂层面无针孔气泡,无膨胀,无起皮,无脱落现象,正面无变色现象。
耐水煮:100℃水煮1小时。要求:测试表面无脱落,残缺。
阻燃性:采用UL94垂直燃烧测试,火焰高度20±1mm,本生灯置于样品下方正中心位置,本生灯管口距样品底端10±1mm,点火时间为10±0.5s,点火10±0.5s后以300mm/sec的速度移开本生灯至少150mm,同时开始记录余焰时间t1,余焰停止时应立即点燃10±0.5s,点火10±0.5s后以300mm/sec的速度移开本生灯至少150mm,同时记录余焰时间t2。
耐磨性:用专用的LER902K砂质橡皮,施加500g的载荷,以40~60次/分钟的速度,20mm左右的行程,在样本表面来回摩擦。
耐溶剂:将测试头包上棉布,沾取合格酒精(浓度>99.5%),施加500g压力,来回摩擦100次。要求:测试表面无脱落。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于它依次包括EB涂层、纹理层和基材层,所述EB涂层由EB涂料固化而成,所述纹理层由热塑性树脂构成,所述EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂34~54份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯12~18份,硅烷偶联剂0.5~5份,紫外线吸收剂0.1~2份,耐磨助剂0.1~2份,分散剂0.1~2份,消泡剂0.1~2份,阻燃剂0.1~2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述EB涂料由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂36~504份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯14~16份,硅烷偶联剂1~3份,紫外线吸收剂0.2~1.5份,耐磨助剂0.2~1.5份,分散剂0.2~1.5份,消泡剂0.2~1.5份,阻燃剂0.2~1.5份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为武汉拉那白医药化工3290-92-4;所述硅烷偶联剂为kh590或kh550;所述紫外线吸收剂为Tinuvin326 BASF;所述阻燃剂为希伯来涂料阻燃剂。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述EB涂料的制备方法包括先将乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯混合后,高速搅拌均匀分散,然后加入硅烷偶联剂、紫外线吸收剂、耐磨助剂、分散剂、消泡剂和阻燃剂继续进行低速搅拌分散,再使用三辊机进行多次研磨至细度≤3μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述EB涂层厚度为50~180μm,所述纹理层厚度为100~200μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述纹理层与基材层之间还设有着色层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述纹理层采用热塑性树脂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述纹理层为立体纹理层或平面纹理层,所述立体纹理层在60~80℃加热下通过注塑或压花固化成形。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高性能复合装饰膜材料,其特征在于所述基材层采用树脂薄膜,其厚度为100~300μm。
10.一种用于高性能复合装饰膜材料表面EB涂层的EB涂料,其特征在于它由以下各质量份的组分组成:乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷改性氟碳树脂34~54份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯12~18份,硅烷偶联剂0.5~5份,紫外线吸收剂0.1~2份,耐磨助剂0.1~2份,分散剂0.1~2份,消泡剂0.1~2份,阻燃剂0.1~2份。
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