CN112031755B - Fracturing monitoring device, method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Fracturing monitoring device, method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
- G01V1/184—Multi-component geophones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/288—Event detection in seismic signals, e.g. microseismics
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring device, a fracturing monitoring method, a fracturing monitoring system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the fracturing monitoring device comprises: a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector; the plurality of single-component detectors and the at least one three-component detector are arranged on the ground to be detected and form a detector array; the plurality of single-component detectors are arranged in a matrix; the three-component detectors are arranged in a matrix formed by the single-component detectors at fixed intervals and replace the single-component detectors at corresponding positions. The quality of ground monitoring acquisition data during fracturing monitoring can be effectively improved, and the vertical positioning precision is greatly improved, so that a proper development scheme of the coal bed gas can be formulated, the exploitation effect is improved, and the microseismic monitoring technology is better used for coal bed gas development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a fracturing monitoring device, a fracturing monitoring method, a fracturing monitoring system, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The ground development of coalbed methane in China has been developed for more than 20 years, and the development stage of industrialization is advanced from the evaluation stage of exploration selection areas. Hydraulic fracturing plays an important role in the coal bed gas industrialization process. However, the coal seam is a pore-crack dual medium system, so that cracks develop, surface cutting lines and end cutting lines are crisscrossed, and the coal seam has the special mechanical properties of small elastic modulus, large poisson ratio, low compressive strength and the like, so that the coal seam fracturing cracks are complex in form, different in form and larger in fracturing transformation effect.
In the prior art, considering that the coalbed methane fracture microseismic monitoring is influenced by the oil and gas fracture microseismic monitoring, the earliest method for monitoring in the well is adopted, and the method is mature in technology, but has a general resolution effect due to high cost. There are also methods for ground microseismic monitoring using mine earthquake monitoring equipment, and the principles and feasibility of such methods are controversial.
Ground monitoring is a means for starting to be popularized gradually in recent years, and a detector array is arranged on the ground, so that the ground has better horizontal resolution for microseisms with the depth of not more than 2000m in the array range, and the vertical positioning accuracy is reduced along with the increase of the depth. However, the method is simple and convenient in ground monitoring construction and is a practical and feasible method for monitoring the coal bed gas fracture, and is widely focused and used by researchers at present. Therefore, development and development of a three-dimensional high-density matrix type coalbed methane well fracturing microseismic monitoring scheme are very necessary. And the vertical positioning precision can be greatly improved after the monitoring scheme is designed and optimized
Therefore, how to provide a fracturing monitoring device, a fracturing monitoring method, a fracturing monitoring system, an electronic device and a fracturing monitoring storage medium, wherein the ground monitoring scheme in the prior art after optimization improves the quality of ground monitoring collected data, greatly improves the vertical positioning precision, is convenient for formulating a proper development scheme of coal bed gas and improving the exploitation effect, and enables a microseismic monitoring technology to better serve the development of the coal bed gas, so that the fracturing monitoring device and the fracturing monitoring system become a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring device, a fracturing monitoring method, a fracturing monitoring system, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing monitoring apparatus, including:
a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector;
the plurality of single-component detectors and the at least one three-component detector are arranged on the ground to be detected and form a detector array;
the plurality of single-component detectors are arranged in a matrix;
the three-component detectors are arranged in a matrix formed by the single-component detectors at fixed intervals and replace the single-component detectors at corresponding positions.
Optionally, in the fracture monitoring apparatus,
the edge of the detector array and the vertical line of the ground along the horizontal well direction form a detector monitoring angle;
the detector monitoring angle is greater than 30 °.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing monitoring method implemented based on the fracturing monitoring apparatus, including:
obtaining first data by the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
obtaining second data by the single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
determining a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data;
and combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
Optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
the determining, according to the first data and the second data, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
determining the position of vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model;
the velocity model is used for representing the corresponding relation between the depth and the velocity of the stratum.
Optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
before determining the position of the vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model, the method further comprises:
acquiring perforation vibration signals and perforation position information;
and correcting the initial velocity model according to the first data, the perforation vibration signal and the perforation position information to obtain a corrected velocity model.
Optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
the determining, according to the first data, the second data and the velocity model, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
acquiring vibration event time according to the first data;
and determining the position of vibration according to the second data corresponding to the vibration event time and the corrected speed model.
Optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring time sequences of a plurality of positions where the vibration occurs;
and sequentially connecting the positions where the vibration occurs according to the time sequence to obtain crack state information.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing monitoring system implemented based on the fracturing monitoring device, including:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring first data through the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring second data through the single-component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
the vibration positioning module is used for determining the position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data;
and the comprehensive processing module is used for combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the processor and the memory complete communication with each other through a bus; the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor that are invoked by the processor to perform the steps of the fracture monitoring method as described above.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a fracture monitoring method as described above.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring device, a fracturing monitoring method, a fracturing monitoring system, an electronic device and a storage medium.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring fracturing provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a velocity model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-component detector time-sequence number according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single component detector time-sequence number according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an entity structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the fracturing monitoring apparatus includes:
a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector;
the plurality of single-component detectors and the at least one three-component detector are arranged on the ground to be detected and form a detector array;
the plurality of single-component detectors are arranged in a matrix;
the three-component detectors are arranged in a matrix formed by the single-component detectors at fixed intervals and replace the single-component detectors at corresponding positions.
Specifically, the ground to be measured refers to the ground around a horizontal well, the horizontal well refers to a special well with a maximum well inclination angle reaching or approaching 90 ° (generally not less than 86 °) and maintaining a horizontal well section with a certain length in a target layer, and the special well is commonly used for petroleum exploitation.
The method comprises the steps that a detector array is arranged on the ground surface to be detected of a corresponding horizontal well and consists of a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector, the single-component detectors are arranged in a matrix mode, and the three-component detectors are arranged in the matrix formed by the single-component detectors at fixed intervals and replace the single-component detectors at corresponding positions.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, considering that the cost of the detectors is high, and the vibration is interfered by noise and continuously attenuated in the propagation process, the requirements of economy and detection precision are met, and the distance between the distributed detectors is generally set to be about 1/15 of the burial depth of the fracturing position. For example: the spacing between the laid detectors is not more than 40m when the fracturing position buries are less than 500m, is not more than 40m and not more than 60m when the fracturing position buries are greater than or equal to 500m and less than 800m, is not more than 60m and not more than 80m when the fracturing position buries are greater than or equal to 800m and less than 1000m, is not more than 80m when the fracturing position buries are greater than or equal to 1000m and less than 1500m, is not more than 80m and not more than 100m when the fracturing position buries are greater than or equal to 1500m and is less than 2000 m. The fracturing position is the position of the horizontal well horizontal section for fracturing. And the burial depth of the fracturing position is the vertical distance between the fracturing position and the ground in the horizontal section of the horizontal well.
Furthermore, besides the data obtained according to the above experience, the layout interval between the detectors can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to the actual earth surface conditions, shallow surface layer and deep earthquake geological conditions and the performances of the selected equipment, and the specific number of the three-component detectors and the single-component detectors is not limited, so that the requirements of improving the earthquake detection rate and basically grasping the state information of the fracturing fracture are met, and the embodiment is not limited.
Further, when the detector array is constructed, since the three-component detectors are expensive, have high embedding requirement, have the problem of losing in the use process, and the number of the three-component detectors is too large to be beneficial to the calculation of the subsequent crack state information, in order to achieve economical efficiency and technical requirements, when the three-component detectors are generally used for replacing the single-component detectors at the corresponding positions in the actual use process, the detector array is constructed according to the principle that the distance between the three-component detectors is 5 times the distance between the single-component detectors. In addition, the relationship between the spacing between the single component detectors and the spacing between the three component detectors can be adjusted according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring device, which is characterized in that a matrix detector array formed by a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector is arranged on the ground to be monitored, so that the quality of ground monitoring collected data during fracturing monitoring can be effectively improved, the vertical positioning precision is greatly improved, a proper development scheme of coal bed gas can be conveniently formulated, the exploitation effect is improved, and a microseismic monitoring technology is better used for coal bed gas development.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the fracture monitoring device,
the edge of the detector array and the vertical line of the ground along the horizontal well direction form a detector monitoring angle;
the detector monitoring angle is greater than 30 °.
Specifically, in the use process of the actual detector array, as the three-component detector not only acquires the longitudinal wave data but also acquires the transverse wave data, when the requirement that the monitoring angle of the detector is more than 30 degrees is met, the separation of the longitudinal wave and the transverse wave is facilitated, the subsequent calculation according to the longitudinal wave and the transverse wave data is facilitated, and the positioning of the vibration position is more accurate.
In the actual monitoring process, the detector arrays can be arranged in a monitoring range of 1/3 or more of the burial depths of the fracturing positions along the extension of the horizontal well direction, or in a monitoring range of 1 of the burial depths of the fracturing positions along the extension of the two sides of the vertical horizontal well direction. The specific monitoring range can be adjusted according to actual conditions (such as the position of a surface reservoir, the trend of groundwater, ground obstacles and the like), and only the condition that the monitoring angle of the detector is larger than 30 degrees is met, and the rest of the device is not limited by the embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring device, which is characterized in that a matrix detector array formed by a plurality of single-component detectors and at least one three-component detector is arranged on the ground to be monitored, and the detector array which is arranged in a ground high-density matrix mode is adopted, so that the single-component detectors and the three-component detectors are organically combined, data acquisition and microseism time acquisition are facilitated, the quality of ground monitoring acquisition data during fracturing monitoring can be effectively improved, the vertical positioning precision is greatly improved, a proper development scheme of coal bed gas is conveniently formulated, the exploitation effect is improved, a microseism monitoring technology is enabled to better serve the development of the coal bed gas, and the technical research of the ground microseism monitoring scheme is carried out on the staged fracturing effect of a horizontal well in the exploitation of the coal bed gas, so that the purpose of accurately and quantitatively describing the space distribution of a large-sized fracturing artificial joint is achieved.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing monitoring method implemented based on the fracturing monitoring device, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the fracturing monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the fracturing monitoring method includes:
step S1, obtaining first data through the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
step S2, obtaining second data through the single-component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
step S3, determining the position of vibration according to the first data and the second data;
and S4, combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
Specifically, in step S1, data information of three-component detectors in the detector array is collected to obtain first data, and since the monitoring system includes a plurality of three-component detectors and single-component detectors, when a crack is generated by fracturing and a vibration signal is triggered to reach a detection point, the three-component detectors can collect longitudinal wave vibration and transverse wave vibration, and the first data includes first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data.
In step S2, data information of the single component detectors in the detector array is collected, and second data is obtained, where the single component detectors record longitudinal wave vibration, and the second data is second longitudinal wave data.
It should be noted that the three-component detector and the single-component detector need to use the same time interval and recording duration to perform synchronous data acquisition. As one example, the sampling interval may be set to 4 milliseconds and the recording duration set to 5 days before the fracturing is performed to 5 days after the fracturing is completed. The size of the further sampling interval and the recording duration can be adjusted according to the time of the fracturing construction and the actual requirements of the construction, and the embodiment is not limited to the above.
In step S3, a vibration event is determined according to the collected first data of the three-component detector and the collected second data of the single-component detector, and the position where the vibration occurs is further determined.
In step S4, the positions where the vibration acquired in step S3 occurs are combined to obtain crack state information.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring method, which introduces an active source three-dimensional seismic exploration thought, provides a fracturing microseismic monitoring scheme of a passive source three-dimensional high-density matrix type coal-bed gas well, adopts a detector array which is arranged in a ground high-density matrix mode, and utilizes a detection mode of organically combining a single component detector and a three component detector to multiply the acquired data quantity, thereby being beneficial to data attribute analysis, obtaining more useful information, reducing construction cost and construction difficulty as much as possible while improving the monitoring rate, being beneficial to data acquisition and microseismic time acquisition, effectively improving the quality of ground monitoring acquisition data during fracturing monitoring, greatly improving vertical positioning accuracy, facilitating the establishment of a proper development scheme and improving the mining effect of coal-bed gas, enabling microseismic monitoring technology to be better used for coal-bed gas development, and carrying out technical research on the ground microseismic monitoring scheme of the sectional fracturing effect of a horizontal well in the development of coal-bed gas, and achieving the purpose of accurately and quantitatively describing the space distribution of an artificial joint after large-sized fracturing.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
the determining, according to the first data and the second data, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
determining the position of vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model;
the velocity model is used for representing the corresponding relation between the depth and the velocity of the stratum.
Specifically, the velocity model characterizes the corresponding relation between the depth and the velocity of the stratum, and in the technical scheme of the invention, the velocity model is a layer velocity model obtained in advance in the three-dimensional seismic exploration work, and the layer velocity model is generally divided into 10 layers of velocities from the earth surface to the underground in consideration of the requirement of the technical scheme on precision in the fracturing monitoring process. In addition, other methods such as modeling may be used before the practical application, and the velocity model may be obtained according to the actual geological features, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the abscissa represents velocity in m/s, the ordinate represents time in ms, and the velocity model in huinan is taken as an example, and the velocity model is divided into 10 layers of velocities from the earth surface to the underground according to the characteristics of different velocities caused by different geology.
In the three-dimensional seismic exploration, time-depth conversion, that is, time-depth conversion is required according to the data information of the borehole data in the region, that is, the ordinate of fig. 3 represents the distance from the earth surface, and the unit is m.
Further, in order to obtain a more accurate velocity model, the initial velocity model may be corrected, the position where the vibration event occurs is determined according to the first longitudinal wave data in the first data, and the initial velocity model is corrected according to the difference between the position and the determined position, so as to obtain a corrected velocity model. It should be noted that the determined position for correction is set by a person who makes a shake to generate data for use in correcting the initial velocity model.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for correcting the initial velocity model according to the first data may select an appropriate mathematical method according to the actual situation, and the embodiment is not limited to this because there are a lot of selectable methods.
And determining the position of vibration according to the first data and the second data and the corrected speed model.
It should be noted that, the first transverse wave data in the first data is used for layered velocity imaging, so that the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can take into account two aspects of microseism event pickup and micro-imaging, is beneficial to developing velocity imaging research, is beneficial to simplifying research analysis time in a layered manner, and can be understood as carrying out data processing on a single component detector on the basis of data analysis of a three component detector, and can compress data processing and interpretation time and improve efficiency.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring method, which adopts a detector array distributed in a ground high-density matrix mode, utilizes a detection mode of organically combining single-component detectors and three-component detectors, improves the monitoring rate, reduces construction cost and construction difficulty as much as possible, is beneficial to data acquisition and microseism time acquisition, can effectively improve the quality of ground monitoring acquisition data during fracturing monitoring, greatly improves vertical positioning precision, is convenient for formulating a proper development scheme of coal bed gas and improving the exploitation effect, ensures that microseism monitoring technology is better used for coal bed gas development, and performs technical research on the ground microseism monitoring scheme on the staged fracturing effect of a horizontal well in coal bed gas exploitation, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quantitatively describing the space distribution of an artificial joint after large-scale fracturing.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
before determining the position of the vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model, the method further comprises:
acquiring perforation vibration signals and perforation position information;
and correcting the initial velocity model according to the first data, the perforation vibration signal and the perforation position information to obtain a corrected velocity model.
Specifically, perforation is an operation of explosion opening by using special energy gathering materials to enter a preset layer of a borehole to enable fluid in a downhole formation to enter the perforation, and is widely applied to oil and gas fields and coal fields, and sometimes is also applied to exploitation of water sources.
Perforation is used in embodiments of the present invention to assist in the correction of the initial velocity model. And acquiring perforation vibration signals and perforation position information, and correcting an initial speed model according to the first data, the perforation vibration signals and the perforation position information to obtain a corrected speed model.
According to the vibration event information picked up by the first data, perforation position information can be calculated according to the initial velocity model, and as the perforation position is known, the initial velocity model can be further calculated and corrected according to the deviation between the actual perforation position and the calculated perforation position, so that a corrected velocity model which is accurate and reflects underground velocity change can be obtained. In order to guarantee that the follow-up fracturing monitoring process, the speed model can accord with actual demand, obtains accurate monitoring result.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
the determining, according to the first data, the second data and the velocity model, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
acquiring vibration event time according to the first data;
and determining the position of vibration according to the second data corresponding to the vibration event time and the corrected speed model.
Specifically, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of time-sequence numbers of a three-component detector provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of time-sequence numbers of a single-component detector provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
In fig. 4 and 5, the abscissa represents the monitoring time, the unit is s, the ordinate represents the serial numbers corresponding to the three-component detector and the single-component detector, the serial numbers of the detectors are manually set according to the positions of the detectors, and this embodiment is merely illustrated as an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
When the crack vibrates, the three-component detector and the single-component detector can obtain vibration signals. The time of the shock event is obtained from the first data of the three-component detector.
And constructing an overdetermined equation set to solve according to the second data corresponding to the vibration event time and the corrected speed model, and accurately positioning the position where vibration occurs.
It should be noted that, in addition to the construction of the solution of the overdetermined equation, other feasible calculation methods such as construction of a mathematical model may be used for positioning the position where the vibration occurs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Based on the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention uses the data information of the vibration event of the three-component detector and the single-component detector under the same time, utilizes the corrected speed model to accurately position the vibration occurrence position, is beneficial to the hierarchical simplification of research analysis time, and can be understood as the data processing of the single-component detector based on the data analysis of the three-component detector, can compress the data processing and interpretation time, improve the efficiency and improve the positioning precision of the vibration occurrence position.
Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in the fracture monitoring method,
combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring time sequences of a plurality of positions where the vibration occurs;
and sequentially connecting the positions where the vibration occurs according to the time sequence to obtain crack state information.
Specifically, the calculated positions of vibration are sequentially connected according to time sequence, and the time sequence relationship can effectively reflect the distance relationship between the positions of vibration and the ground surface, so that after the positions of vibration are sequentially connected, a complete crack can be obtained, and further the state information of the crack can be known.
Further, the method is continuously used for monitoring fracturing, whether the fracture expands or not can be judged according to the fracture state information acquired at different times, and the fracture development condition in the period of time is determined.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing monitoring system implemented based on the fracturing monitoring device, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, where the fracturing monitoring system includes:
a first acquisition module 610 for acquiring first data by the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
a second acquisition module 620, configured to obtain second data through the single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
a vibration positioning module 630, configured to determine a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data;
and the comprehensive processing module 640 is used for combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
Specifically, the first obtaining module 610 is configured to collect data information of three-component detectors in the detector array to obtain first data, and because the monitoring system includes a plurality of three-component detectors and single-component detectors, when a crack is generated by fracturing and a vibration signal is triggered to reach a detection point, the three-component detectors can collect longitudinal wave vibration and transverse wave vibration, and the first data includes first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data.
The second acquiring module 620 is configured to acquire data information of a single component detector in the detector array, and obtain second data, where the second data is second longitudinal wave data because the single component detector records longitudinal wave vibration.
It should be noted that the three-component detector and the single-component detector need to use the same time interval and recording duration to perform synchronous data acquisition. As one example, the sampling interval may be set to 4 milliseconds and the recording duration set to 5 days before the fracturing is performed to 5 days after the fracturing is completed. The size of the further sampling interval and the recording duration can be adjusted according to the time of the fracturing construction and the actual requirements of the construction, and the embodiment is not limited to the above.
The vibration positioning module 630 is configured to determine that a vibration event exists according to the collected first data of the three-component detector and the collected second data of the single-component detector, and further determine a position where the vibration occurs.
And the comprehensive processing module 640 is used for combining the acquired vibration occurrence positions to obtain crack state information.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing monitoring system, which adopts a detector array distributed in a ground high-density matrix mode, utilizes a detection mode of organically combining single-component detectors and three-component detectors, improves the monitoring rate, reduces construction cost and construction difficulty as much as possible, is beneficial to data acquisition and microseism time acquisition, can effectively improve the quality of ground monitoring acquisition data during fracturing monitoring, greatly improves vertical positioning precision, is convenient for formulating a proper development scheme of coal bed gas and improving the exploitation effect, ensures that microseism monitoring technology is better used for coal bed gas development, and performs technical research on the ground microseism monitoring scheme on the staged fracturing effect of a horizontal well in coal bed gas exploitation, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quantitatively describing the space distribution of an artificial joint after large-scale fracturing.
It should be noted that, the fracturing monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used for executing the fracturing monitoring method, and specific embodiments and method embodiments thereof are consistent, and are not described herein again.
Fig. 7 is a schematic entity structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, where the electronic device may include: processor (processor) 710, communication interface (communication interface) 720, memory (memory) 730, and communication bus (bus) 740, wherein processor 710, communication interface 720, memory 730 communicate with each other via communication bus 740. Processor 710 may invoke logic instructions in memory 730 to perform the fracture monitoring method described above, including: obtaining first data by the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data; obtaining second data by the single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data; determining a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data; and combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 730 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the fracturing monitoring method provided by the above method embodiments, comprising: obtaining first data by the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data; obtaining second data by the single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data; determining a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data; and combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the methods of performing fracture monitoring provided by the above embodiments, comprising: obtaining first data by the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data; obtaining second data by the single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data; determining a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data; and combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of fracture monitoring comprising:
obtaining first data by a three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
obtaining second data by a single component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
determining a position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data;
combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information;
the determining, according to the first data and the second data, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
determining the position of vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model;
the speed model is used for representing the corresponding relation between the depth and the speed of the stratum;
before determining the position of the vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model, the method further comprises:
acquiring perforation vibration signals and perforation position information;
and correcting the initial velocity model according to the first data, the perforation vibration signal and the perforation position information to obtain a corrected velocity model.
2. The method of fracturing monitoring of claim 1,
the determining, according to the first data, the second data and the velocity model, a position where the vibration occurs specifically includes:
acquiring vibration event time according to the first data;
and determining the position of vibration according to the second data corresponding to the vibration event time and the corrected speed model.
3. The fracturing monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said combining the positions where said vibrations occur, yields fracture state information, specifically comprising:
acquiring time sequences of a plurality of positions where the vibration occurs;
and sequentially connecting the positions where the vibration occurs according to the time sequence to obtain crack state information.
4. A fracture monitoring system, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring first data through the three-component detector; the first data comprises first longitudinal wave data and first transverse wave data;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring second data through the single-component detector; the second data are second longitudinal wave data;
the vibration positioning module is used for determining the position where vibration occurs according to the first data and the second data;
the comprehensive processing module is used for combining the positions where the vibration occurs to obtain crack state information;
the vibration positioning module is specifically used for:
determining the position of vibration according to the first data, the second data and the speed model;
the speed model is used for representing the corresponding relation between the depth and the speed of the stratum;
the vibration positioning module is further used for:
acquiring perforation vibration signals and perforation position information;
and correcting the initial velocity model according to the first data, the perforation vibration signal and the perforation position information to obtain a corrected velocity model.
5. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, said processor and said memory completing communication with each other via a bus; the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the fracture monitoring method of any of claims 1-3.
6. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements a fracture monitoring method according to any of claims 1 to 3.
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