CN106908837B - A kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determine method - Google Patents
A kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determine method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106908837B CN106908837B CN201710045369.8A CN201710045369A CN106908837B CN 106908837 B CN106908837 B CN 106908837B CN 201710045369 A CN201710045369 A CN 201710045369A CN 106908837 B CN106908837 B CN 106908837B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/64—Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
- G01V2210/646—Fractures
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determines method, specific as follows: obtaining the monopole before and after the pressure break of depth intervals, dipole Wave data using acoustic logging and carries out depth correction；Then using the shear wave velocity of velocity of longitudinal wave and different direction before and after the pressure break of waveform coherent superposition method calculating depth location；According to the curve that the shear wave speed of the different direction before and after pressure break is constituted, the orthogonal dipole anisotropy value before and after pressure break is calculated；Further according to the velocity of longitudinal wave before and after pressure break or the shear wave velocity of different direction calculate after pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference, and calculate after pressure break with preceding orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, then according to average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, determine fracturing fracture form, the fracturing fracture height of depth location is determined according to average elasticity wave velocity difference simultaneously, and then determines the fracturing fracture height of depth intervals.It can fast and effeciently identify fracturing fracture form and fracture height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acoustic logging fields, and in particular to a kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determination side
Method.
Background technique
Continuous with global energy requirements is risen, and unconventional petroleum resources are expected to become world's future source of energy and economic hair
The power of exhibition.Lithologic character stratum where unconventional petroleum resources is mainly characterized by that consistency is high, heterogeneous and anisotropy is strong,
If the production capacity for only relying on its own is hardly formed industrial oil gas, thus needs to carry out reservoir the transformation such as pressure break, acidification, create
The seam net system of oil-gas migration out, can realize the economic exploitation.Wherein, the Main Yield-increasing means of unconventional oil and gas exploitation are water
Press fracturing.
Currently, the evaluation common logging method of compact reservoir wellbore fracture fracture height mainly has temperature logging, isotope
Well logging, note boron neutron well logging, compensated neutron log, dipole acoustic log.Wherein, temperature logging precision is low, and human factor influences
Greatly, generally it is only used as supplementary means.Radioisotope logging and note boron neutron well logging Job Operations process and evaluation principle are essentially identical,
But both there is certain radioactive pollution, at present using less.Compensated neutron log can use on-radiation tracer haydite,
But influenced by fracturing technology such as sand fallout, before and after pressure break instrument type and scale influence, measurement result have it is certain not really
It is qualitative.Dipole acoustic log mainly evaluates fracture height by anisotropy difference around pit shaft before and after comparison pressure break.It is
The most common logging method of evaluation fracturing fracture height at present.And time-consuming for existing acoustic logging evaluation fracturing height,
And it is unable to accurate evaluation fracturing fracture form.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of methods that can fast and effeciently identify fracturing fracture form and fracture height.
A kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determine method, include the following steps:
Step 1: acoustic logging, monopole, dipole Wave data before and after acquisition pressure break are carried out in depth intervals；
Step 2: depth correction is carried out to the data of the depth intervals of acquisition；
Step 3: obtaining the data of a depth location of the depth intervals；
Step 4: being analyzed using data of the waveform coherent superposition method to one depth location, calculate pressure break front and back
Velocity of longitudinal wave and different direction shear wave velocity；
Step 5: the song constituted according to the shear wave speed of the different direction before and after the pressure break of one depth location
Line calculates the orthogonal dipole anisotropy value before and after pressure break；
Step 6: before and after the velocity of longitudinal wave before and after pressure break in step 4 or the shear wave velocity of different direction calculating pressure break
Average elasticity wave velocity, and calculate after pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference；It is calculated in step 5 after pressure break simultaneously with before
Orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, according to average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, determine described in
The fracturing fracture form of one depth location；When average elasticity wave velocity difference is greater than zero, by the sampling of acoustic logging instrument
Interval is denoted as the fracturing fracture height of one depth location；
Step 7: obtaining the data of next depth location of the depth intervals, repeat step 4 to 6；Until traversal institute
State all depth locations of depth intervals；Enter step 8；
Step 8: there are the numbers of the depth location of fracturing fracture height for statistics, so that it may obtain the pressure break of the depth intervals
Fracture height.
Of the invention a kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determine that method passes through the pressure break according to each depth location
Afterwards with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, fracturing fracture form is determined, while according to flat
Equal elastic wave velocity difference determines the fracturing fracture height of depth location, and then determines the fracturing fracture height of depth intervals, and
Entire method is simple, can fast and effeciently identify fracturing fracture form and fracture height.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that a kind of fracturing fracture form of the present invention and fracture height determine method；
Fig. 2 is experimental result picture.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated, it should be understood that and the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
A kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height provided by the invention determine the process of method as shown in Figure 1, specific mistake
Journey is as follows:
Step 1: acoustic logging, monopole, dipole Wave data before and after acquisition pressure break are carried out in depth intervals.
In the present invention, array acoustic well logger can be used and carry out acoustic logging.
Step 2: depth correction is carried out to the data of the depth intervals of acquisition.
Step 3: obtaining the data of a depth location of the depth intervals.
Step 4: being analyzed using data of the waveform coherent superposition method to one depth location, calculate pressure break front and back
Velocity of longitudinal wave and different direction shear wave velocity.
Specifically, waveform coherent superposition method is specific as follows:
Wherein, Corr (v, T) indicates two-dimensional correlation function；XmIt (t) is that N number of acoustic logging instrument receives in transducer array
M-th of reception energy converter, d be acoustic logging instrument receive energy converter between interval, T is time window TwPosition, v be speed
Spend a certain velocity amplitude in section.
V value when Corr (v, T) takes maximum is calculated using formula (1), can calculate velocity of longitudinal wave before and after pressure break and
The shear wave velocity in one orientation.Repeat the shear wave velocity that different direction can be calculated using formula (1).
Step 5: the song constituted according to the shear wave speed of the different direction before and after the pressure break of one depth location
Line calculates the orthogonal dipole anisotropy value before and after pressure break.
Detailed process is as follows for it:
Step 5.1: obtaining the shear wave velocity curve V being made of the shear wave velocity at the different direction Φ before and after pressure breakΦ；
Step 5.2: according to shear wave velocity curve VΦObtain fast transverse wave speed VfastWith slow shear-wave speed Vslow.Wherein, Vfast
For set { VΦMaximum, VslowFor set { VΦMinimum, Φ ∈ [0 2 π]；
Step 5.3: according to fast transverse wave speed VfastWith slow shear-wave speed VslowOrthogonal dipole before and after calculating pressure break is respectively to different
Property value δ.Wherein,
Step 6: before and after the velocity of longitudinal wave before and after pressure break in step 4 or the shear wave velocity of different direction calculating pressure break
Average elasticity wave velocity, and calculate after pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference；It is calculated in step 5 after pressure break simultaneously with before
Orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, according to average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference, determine described in
The fracturing fracture form of one depth location；When average elasticity wave velocity difference is greater than zero, by the sampling of acoustic logging instrument
Interval is denoted as the fracturing fracture height of one depth location.
Wherein, the concrete mode after calculating pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference DELTA s are as follows:
Δ s=P/VAfter pressure break-P/VBefore pressure break (3)
Wherein, P is constant, such as value is 106；VAfter pressure breakFor post-fracturing average elasticity wave velocity, and VAfter pressure breakFor pressure break
The mean value of the shear wave velocity of velocity of longitudinal wave or different direction afterwards；VBefore pressure breakFor the average elasticity wave velocity before pressure break, and VBefore pressure breakFor
The mean value of the shear wave velocity of velocity of longitudinal wave or different direction before pressure break.
Wherein, as follows with the formula of preceding orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference DELTA δ after calculating pressure break:
Δ δ=δAfter pressure break-δBefore pressure break (4)
Wherein, δAfter pressure breakFor dipole anisotropy value orthogonal after pressure break, δBefore pressure breakFor dipole anisotropy value orthogonal before pressure break.
Wherein it is determined that the detailed process of the fracturing fracture form of a depth location are as follows:
As Δ s=0, i.e., when average elasticity wave velocity difference speed difference is equal to zero, then one depth location
Rock is not by pressure break.
As Δ s > 0 and Δ δ > 0, i.e., when average elasticity wave velocity difference speed difference be greater than zero and orthogonal dipole respectively to
Anisotropic difference is greater than zero, then determines the fracturing fracture of one depth location for Oriented Fracture.
As Δ s > 0 and Δ δ≤0, i.e., when average elasticity wave velocity difference speed difference be greater than zero and orthogonal dipole respectively to
When anisotropic difference is not more than zero, then determine the fracturing fracture of one depth location for chicken-wire cracking.
In addition, the pressure break that the sampling interval of acoustic logging instrument is denoted as one depth location is split as Δ s > 0
Stitch height h.
Step 7: obtaining the data of next depth location of the depth intervals, repeat step 4 to 6；Until traversal institute
State all depth locations of depth intervals；Enter step 8.
Step 8: there are the numbers of the depth location of fracturing fracture height for statistics, so that it may obtain the pressure break of the depth intervals
Fracture height.
If statistics is n there are the number of the depth location of fracturing fracture height, the fracturing fracture of depth intervals is high
Degree is n × h.
Determine that method is tested using a kind of fracturing fracture form of the invention and fracture height, experimental result is as schemed
Shown in 2.The 1st in Fig. 2 is hole diameter, gamma ray curve, and the 2nd is the forward and backward shear-wave slowness curve of pressure break, and the 3rd is deep
Section and perforated zone are spent, the 4th is orthogonal dipole anisotropy before and after pressure break.It can be seen that X950m-X972m is from the 1st
Sandstone interval, the well section hole diameter are without exception.It can be seen that the shear-wave slowness on stratum after pressure break significantly increases from the 2nd, indicate
The decline of rock shear wave velocity, this shows to generate crack when the rupture of pit shaft surrounding rock, dilatancy is formd, in conjunction with the 4th pressure
Splitting forward and backward orthogonal dipole anisotropy may determine that fracturing fracture height is 20m, and the depth intervals of fracturing fracture are X955m-
X975m.Fracturing fracture Rule of judgment according to the present invention can further judge that the reservoir fracturing fracture form is split for orientation
Seam.Furthermore a kind of simple thus of the invention fracturing fracture form of entire method and fracture height determine that method can be quickly and effectively
Ground identifies fracturing fracture form and fracture height.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of fracturing fracture form and fracture height determine method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: acoustic logging, monopole, dipole Wave data before and after acquisition pressure break are carried out in depth intervals；
Step 2: depth correction is carried out to the data of the depth intervals of acquisition；
Step 3: obtaining the data of a depth location of the depth intervals；
Step 4: it is analyzed using data of the waveform coherent superposition method to one depth location, it is vertical before and after calculating pressure break
The shear wave velocity of wave velocity and different direction；
Step 5: the curve constituted according to the shear wave velocity of the different direction before and after the pressure break of one depth location calculates
Orthogonal dipole anisotropy value before and after pressure break；
Step 6: according to being averaged before and after the velocity of longitudinal wave before and after pressure break in step 4 or the shear wave velocity of different direction calculating pressure break
Elastic wave velocity, and calculate after pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference；Calculate in step 5 simultaneously after pressure break with it is preceding just
Dipole anisotropy difference is handed over to be determined one according to average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference
The fracturing fracture form of depth location；When average elasticity wave velocity difference is greater than zero, by the sampling interval of acoustic logging instrument
It is denoted as the fracturing fracture height of one depth location；
Step 7: obtaining the data of next depth location of the depth intervals, repeat step 4 to 6；Until traversing the depth
Spend all depth locations in section；Enter step 8；
Step 8: there are the numbers of the depth location of fracturing fracture height for statistics, so that it may obtain the fracturing fracture of the depth intervals
Highly.
2. a kind of fracturing fracture form according to claim 1 and fracture height determine method, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 4 detailed process are as follows:
The waveform coherent superposition method is specific as follows:
Wherein, XmIt (t) is that N number of acoustic logging instrument receives m-th of reception energy converter in transducer array, d is acoustic logging instrument
Device receives the interval between energy converter, and T is time window TwPosition, v is a certain velocity amplitude in speed interval；Then, it repeats
The v value when two-dimensional correlation function Corr (v, T) takes the maximum of different direction is calculated, the longitudinal wave speed before and after pressure break can be calculated
The shear wave velocity of degree and different direction.
3. a kind of fracturing fracture form according to claim 1 and fracture height determine method, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 5 detailed process is as follows:
Step 5.1: obtaining the shear wave velocity curve V being made of the shear wave velocity at the different direction Φ before and after pressure breakΦ；
Step 5.2: according to shear wave velocity curve VΦObtain fast transverse wave speed VfastWith slow shear-wave speed Vslow, wherein VfastFor collection
Close { VΦMaximum, VslowFor set { VΦMinimum, Φ ∈ [0,2 π]；
Step 5.3: according to fast transverse wave speed VfastWith slow shear-wave speed VslowCalculate the orthogonal dipole anisotropy value before and after pressure break
δ, wherein
4. a kind of fracturing fracture form according to claim 1 and fracture height determine method, which is characterized in that the step
Concrete mode in rapid 6 after calculating pressure break with preceding average elasticity wave velocity difference DELTA s are as follows:
Δ s=P/VAfter pressure break-P/VBefore pressure break；
Wherein, P is constant；VAfter pressure breakFor post-fracturing average elasticity wave velocity, and VAfter pressure breakFor post-fracturing velocity of longitudinal wave or difference
The mean value of the shear wave velocity in orientation；VBefore pressure breakFor the average elasticity wave velocity before pressure break, and VBefore pressure breakFor before pressure break velocity of longitudinal wave or
The mean value of the shear wave velocity of different direction.
5. a kind of fracturing fracture form according to claim 1 and fracture height determine method, which is characterized in that the step
According to average elasticity wave velocity difference and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference in rapid 6, the pressure break of one depth location is determined
The detailed process of fracture pattern are as follows:
When average elasticity wave velocity difference is equal to zero, then the rock of one depth location is not by pressure break；Work as average elasticity
Wave velocity difference is greater than zero and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference is greater than zero, then determines the fracturing fracture of one depth location
For Oriented Fracture；When average elasticity wave velocity difference is greater than zero and orthogonal dipole anisotropy difference is not more than zero, then determine
The fracturing fracture of one depth location is chicken-wire cracking.
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| CN108802826B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method, device and system for evaluating development condition of abnormal body of slotted hole in formation beside well |
| CN109033533B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-04-22 | 长江大学 | Method and system for evaluating stratum permeability and crack connectivity after hydraulic fracturing |
| CN110529087B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-11-05 | 长江大学 | Method and device for evaluating hydraulic fracturing effect of stratum |
| CN111413196B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-02-02 | 中山大学 | Experimental method and system for measuring fracture change in rock joint surface shearing process |
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