CN103399345B - The investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution and device - Google Patents
The investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses investigation method and the device of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution, described method includes: arrange the ID scope of target area；It is respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines that the fracture spacing in the range of described ID is distributed；When fracture spacing distribution that two kinds of detection methods determine is consistent, the distribution of described fracture spacing is the distribution of target fracture spacing；Adjust ID scope, be in course of adjustment the fracture strike distribution using above two detection method to obtain the corresponding degree of depth, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines is distributed at fixed well and is distributed consistent with the actual fracture strike of described fixed well；ID scope after adjustment is target depth range, and the fracture strike distribution of described target depth range is target fracture strike distribution.Use multiple data to carry out between the exploration of fractue spacing, and the multiple data used and there is relative independentability so that exploration result is the most accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology physical technique field, particularly relate to investigation method and the dress of the distribution of a kind of buried hill fissure
Put.
Background technology
Geology after diastrophism can form tomography, and tomography is that rock stratum stress reaches some strength and ruptures, and edge
The plane of fracture has obvious relative movement to be formed, later stage mature fault, can form complexity and have the crack of certain regularity of distribution,
Often there is in these cracks petroleum resources, or referred to as slit formation oil-gas reservoir.The abundantest growth in crack is the best, and petroleum resources is the richest
Rich.Geological exploration personnel, often select the well-digging of fracture development preferable area to gather petroleum resources.At present, petroleum resources is entered
During row exploration, the fractue spacing mainly formed mature fault surveys, and then determines the distribution of oil-gas reservoir, wherein, crack
Distribution includes the azimuth distribution (or referred to as crack move towards distribution) in the Density Distribution in crack and crack.Fractue spacing exploration
Accuracy directly affects the exploitation of oil-gas reservoir, but the degree of accuracy of the fractue spacing of existing fractue spacing prospecting technique acquisition is relatively
Low, can't well meet the needs of geological exploration.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the investigation method and device that a kind of buried hill fissure is distributed, to solve in prior art
The technical problem that the degree of accuracy of fractue spacing that fractue spacing prospecting technique obtains is relatively low.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides the investigation method and device, the present invention that a kind of buried hill fissure is distributed
Following technical scheme is provided:
A kind of investigation method of buried hill fissure distribution, the method includes:
The ID scope of whole target area is set；
It is respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines described ID scope
Interior fracture spacing distribution；
When the fracture spacing that above two detection method determines is distributed consistent, the distribution of described fracture spacing is split as target
Seam Density Distribution；
Adjust described ID scope, be in course of adjustment, use above two method to obtain the crack of the corresponding degree of depth
Move towards distribution, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines is distributed in the reality at fixed well with described fixed well
Fracture strike distribution is consistent；
ID scope after adjusting is as the target depth range of described target area, described target depth range
Fracture strike be distributed as target fracture strike distribution.
Preferably, it is respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines described initial deep
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of degree, including:
Extract the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain p-wave impedance according to described reflected waveform data；
According to the energy properties of back wave, determine the crack in the range of described ID by compressional wave orientation detecting method
Density Distribution；
According to the energy properties of p-wave impedance, determine described ID scope by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Interior fracture spacing distribution.
Preferably, described method also includes:
Extract the diffracted wave data of difference in target area；
According to the energy properties of diffracted wave, determine ID described in described target area by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution that scope is corresponding；
When the fracture spacing distribution that above two detection method determines is inconsistent, determine that fracture spacing distribution is inconsistent
Difference region；
Respectively above two detection method is distributed with diffracted wave detection method described in the fracture spacing in difference region
The fracture spacing distribution obtained at difference region compares；
The detection method consistent with the fracture spacing distribution that diffracted wave detection method obtains at described difference region is existed
The fracture spacing distribution of whole target area is defined as target fracture spacing.
Preferably, described method also includes:
Fractue spacing in the target area determined is carried out crack and constitutes genetic analysis.
Preferably, when described ID scope uses, window represents.
Preferably, energy properties includes: RMS amplitude, peak swing or mean amplitude of tide.
The present invention also provides for the surveying device of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution, it is characterised in that described device includes:
Module is set, for arranging the ID scope of whole target area；
First determines module, is used for being respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID；
Second determines module, when the fracture spacing that above two detection method determines is distributed consistent, by described crack
Density Distribution is distributed as target fracture spacing；
Adjusting module, is used for adjusting described ID scope, is in course of adjustment, and uses above two method to obtain right
The fracture strike answering the degree of depth is distributed, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines is distributed at fixed well with described
The actual fracture strike distribution of fixed well is consistent；
Fractue spacing determines module, and the ID scope after adjusting is as the target depth of described target area
Scope, the fracture strike of described target depth range is distributed as target fracture strike distribution.
Preferably, described first determines that module includes:
Extract submodule, for receiving the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain according to described reflected waveform data
Take p-wave impedance；
First obtains submodule, for the energy properties according to back wave, is determined described by compressional wave orientation detecting method
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of ID；
Second obtains submodule, for the energy properties according to p-wave impedance, by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Determine the fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID.
Preferably, described device also includes:
Extraction module, for receiving the diffracted wave data of difference in target area；
3rd determines module, for the energy properties according to diffracted wave, determines described target by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution that ID scope described in region is corresponding；
4th determines module, for when the fracture spacing distribution that above two detection method determines is inconsistent, determining and split
The difference region that seam Density Distribution is inconsistent；
Comparison module, for examining above two detection method with diffracted wave in the fracture spacing distribution in difference region respectively
The fracture spacing distribution that survey method obtains at described difference region compares；
Then second determines module, specifically for by close with the crack that diffracted wave detection method obtains at described difference region
Degree is distributed the fracture spacing distribution in whole target area of the consistent detection method and is defined as target fracture spacing.
Preferably, described device also includes:
Analyzing module, constituting genetic analysis for fractue spacing in the target area determined being carried out crack.
In technical scheme, first whole target area is arranged an ID scope, then passes through compressional wave
Orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determine fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID respectively；As
The fracture spacing that really two kinds of detection methods determine is consistent, and the most above-mentioned fracture spacing is target fracture spacing；Crack is walked
Can be obtained by the comparison with fixed well to distribution, concrete, adjust ID scope, be in course of adjustment, in employing
State two kinds of methods and obtain the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, until the fracture strike distribution that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines
It is distributed consistent with the actual fracture strike of described fixed well at fixed well, then, the ID scope after adjustment is institute
Stating the target depth range of target area, the fracture strike of target depth range is distributed as target crack in described target area and walks
To distribution.By different detection methods, the present invention determines that the fracture spacing distribution of target area and fracture strike are distributed, and different
Method between mutually constraint, mutual reference, to ensure the degree of accuracy of result.By the contrast with fixed well, improve crack and divide
The accuracy of cloth result, can also verify that the present invention uses the validity of integrated approach simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work,
Other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the investigation method embodiment 1 of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the investigation method embodiment 2 of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution；
Fig. 3 a is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses diffracted wave to detect under actual application scenarios
Method time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 50ms；
Fig. 3 b is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses diffracted wave to detect under actual application scenarios
During method, time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 50ms；
Fig. 4 a is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses compressional wave orientation to examine under actual application scenarios
During survey method, time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 100ms；
Fig. 4 b is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses compressional wave orientation to examine under actual application scenarios
During survey method, time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 200ms；
Fig. 4 c is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses Relative Wave Impedance under actual application scenarios
During orientation detecting method, time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 100ms；
Fig. 4 d is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution uses Relative Wave Impedance under actual application scenarios
During orientation detecting method, time window be fracture spacing distribution map during 200ms；
Fig. 5 is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution is under actual application scenarios, it is known that well A is not corresponding to
The fracture strike distribution map of window when same detection method, difference；
Fig. 6 is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution is under actual application scenarios, it is known that well B is not corresponding to
The fracture strike distribution map of window when same detection method, difference；
Fig. 7 is that the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution is under actual application scenarios, it is known that well C is not corresponding to
The fracture strike distribution map of window when same detection method, difference；
Fig. 8 be the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution under actual application scenarios, the division of the region in work area；
Fig. 9 be a kind of buried hill fissure of the present invention distribution investigation method under actual application scenarios, fixed well A, B in work area
Annex fracture strike distribution and the corresponding comparison chart just drilling result；
Figure 10 a be a kind of buried hill fissure of the present invention distribution investigation method under actual application scenarios, employing tectonic erosion periods
What attribute obtained just drills fracture spacing figure；
Figure 10 b be the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution under actual application scenarios, use that maximum is main answers
What change attribute obtained just drills fracture spacing figure；
Figure 10 c be a kind of buried hill fissure of the present invention distribution investigation method under actual application scenarios, employing surplus capacity
What attribute obtained just drills fracture spacing figure；
Figure 10 d be the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution under actual application scenarios, use that maximum is main answers
What power attribute obtained just drills fracture spacing figure；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the surveying device embodiment 1 of a kind of buried hill fissure of present invention distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the personnel in art technology field be more fully understood that the present invention program, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
The crack exploration of comparative maturity, analysis method mainly have following several at present: outcrop is observed and rock core crack
Both macro and micro observation, Production development observation, well logging recognition, geological data prediction.But these methods can only carry out local
Observation, is properly termed as " point " observation, it is also possible to carry out imaging logging in well, carry out the fractue spacing in the range of certain depth
Fine measurement, such method can provide the depth direction distribution situation in crack, and a certain degree of horizontal spread information, but
It is the distribution trend that the most still can not describe crack, is referred to as " line " observation.Above-mentioned existing crack investigation method
The most can completely does not presents the distribution situation in crack, and meanwhile, the fractue spacing result that existing investigation method obtains exists multi-solution,
But correct result cannot be determined again, it is impossible to describe the distribution in crack accurately.
Therefore, the present embodiment provides the investigation method of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution, to solve fractue spacing in prior art
The technical problem that the degree of accuracy of fractue spacing that investigation method obtains is relatively low.With reference to shown in Fig. 1, the one provided for the present invention is dived
The flow chart of the investigation method embodiment 1 of mountain fractue spacing, at this it should be noted that in practical operation, need to carry out crack
The area of distribution exploration, region known to partial information often, such as, region has well, in addition to fixed well, treated
Survey area also has oil-gas pool distribution, but does not knows concrete distribution, much etc. including the amount of oil-gas reservoir, distribution,
Determine whether to dig a well in one's respective area, and determine the particular location of well.Certainly, for all the unknowns of any information
Region surveys, and the method for the present embodiment is equally applicable.The present embodiment specifically may include that
Step 101: the ID scope of whole target area is set.
According to Huygen's principle, during seimic wave propagation, the wavefront in any moment can regard previous moment medium as
In the envelope that formed of secondary small sample perturbations produced by each point.Then, during seimic wave propagation, horizontal layer is run into
During interface, the envelope that Secondary Disturbance is formed just is provided with uniformity, and its energy is overlapped mutually enhancing, finally with the shape of reflection
Formula backpropagation.Preferably, the present embodiment use seismic wave (concrete for utilizing the compressional wave attribute in seismic wave) split
The exploration of seam distribution.
The reflection line-ups formed due to wave resistance feature difference is differentiated from seismic data cube, owing to there is wave resistance difference,
So it is believed that both sides, wave resistance interface exist lithology difference, and this wave resistance interface is it is believed that a lithology layering interfaces,
This layering interfaces can be carried out the explanation of layer position.Preferably, when being analyzed, it is based on the interpretation horizon of target area
Carrying out, described interpretation horizon is the lithology interface of target area.Concrete, described ID scope can be come by used time window
Equivalently represented (windowing based on interpretation horizon), time described, the physical significance of window is ripple when propagating in target area, and pass by institute
State the time that ID scope uses.Such as, the time window of a 100ms can be opened.During because starting to survey, it is not known that mesh
The distribution in crack in mark district, so, can pre-set an initial depth of investigation scope, follow-up can adjust
Whole.Goal district refers to the Favorable Areas of oil gas, i.e. have fractue spacing, has the district that the possibility of oil-gas pool distribution is bigger
Territory.
Step 102: be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determine described initially
Fracture spacing distribution in depth bounds.
With reference to the description of step 101, when, after ripple backpropagation, receiving close echo, and extract back wave in close echo, logical
Cross the fracture spacing distribution in the range of compressional wave orientation detecting method determines described ID, at this time it is also possible to determine simultaneously
Corresponding to the fracture strike distribution of described ID scope in target area.Specific as follows: during ripple travel downward by weak respectively to
The concept of the opposite sex, derives the parsing relation between reflectance factor and fracture parameters in anisotropic medium, according to actual work
Journey situation, when seismic wave incidence angle is less, this parsing relation can be to be expressed as following form:
Wherein, P represents reflected amplitude during compressional wave vertical incidence, GisoFor amplitude with the rate of change (isotropic of offset distance
Gradient), GaniFor amplitude with azimuthal rate of change (anisotropic gradient), θ is the angle of layered halfspace,It it is crack
The azimuth of trend,It is that shot point arrives the azimuth receiving point.
In the case of being fixed into firing angle, above formula can be further simplified as:
Utilize (2) formula can be calculated A, B andThese 3 parameters relevant with crack, i.e. amplitude ellipse attribute
Three parameters,Indicate the direction of moving towards in crack, and the B/A (ratio of semi-minor axis length) of amplitude ellipse can be as fracture spacing
Relative measurement.
After extracting back wave, calculate its Relative Wave Impedance according to reflected waveform data, reapply above-mentioned with relative ripple
Impedance is foundation, the fracture spacing distribution in the range of using Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method to calculate described ID, with
Reason, it is also possible to simultaneously determine in target area based on Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method corresponding to described ID scope
Fracture strike distribution.
Step 103: when fracture spacing that above two detection method determines is consistent, described fracture spacing is split as target
Seam density.
Step 104: adjust described ID scope, be in course of adjustment, uses above two method to obtain corresponding deep
The fracture strike distribution of degree, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines is distributed at fixed well known with described
The actual fracture strike distribution of well is consistent.
Because compressional wave attribute has certain limitation to the sensitiveness of oil-gas reservoir, surveying fracture spacing distribution when,
For window time a range of, the fracture spacing distribution obtained by above two method is the most varied not quite, so now
Concrete time window cannot be determined.In order to determine one accurate time window size, adjust described ID scope, and adjusting
Cheng Zhong, uses above two method to obtain the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, and the fracture strike obtained is distributed in
Know that the actual fracture strike distribution of the distribution of Jing Chu and fixed well compares, until splitting of determining of any of the above-described kind of detection method
Seam trend is distributed at fixed well consistent with the actual fracture strike of described fixed well distribution.Because the actual crack with fixed well
Move towards distribution consistent, it may be said that the fracture strike distribution determined in bright the present embodiment is correct, and with adjust after the degree of depth
Corresponding time window is the time window finally determined.
Step 105: the ID scope after adjusting is as the target depth range of described target area, described target
The fracture strike of depth bounds is distributed as target fracture strike distribution in described target area.
So far, the fractue spacing in target area is assured that, the degree of depth after adjustment is the mesh of described target area
Mark depth bounds, the fracture strike of target depth range is distributed as target fracture strike distribution in described target area.
It should be noted that determine the when that fracture spacing distribution being distributed with fracture strike, it is there is no sequencing
, can first determine that fracture strike is distributed, determine the Density Distribution in crack the most again.But in actual applications, do not incline
To moving towards distribution, because the determination result multi-solution of fracture strike distribution is higher in first determine crack, it is not easy to obtain with
Know that well meets good result.
In the technical scheme of the present embodiment, use a kind of comprehensive analysis method, first whole target area is arranged at the beginning of one
Beginning depth bounds, then determines described initial deep respectively by compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of degree；If the fracture spacing that two kinds of detection methods determine is consistent, the most above-mentioned fracture spacing is mesh
Mark fracture spacing；Distribution is moved towards for crack to be obtained by the comparison with fixed well, concrete, adjust ID model
Enclose, be in course of adjustment, use above two method to obtain the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, until any of the above-described kind of detection
The fracture strike that method determines is distributed at fixed well consistent with the actual fracture strike of described fixed well distribution, then, adjust
After ID scope be the target depth range of described target area, the fracture strike of target depth range is distributed as institute
State target fracture strike distribution in target area.In the present embodiment, integrated application difference detection method determines that the crack of target area is close
Degree distribution and fracture strike are distributed, and mutually constraint, mutual reference between different methods, to ensure the degree of accuracy of result.Logical
Cross the contrast with fixed well, improve the accuracy of fractue spacing result, can also verify that the present invention uses integrated approach simultaneously
Validity.
Description according to embodiment 1, it is known that, true by compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
When fixed fracture spacing distribution is different, it is impossible to determine the actual fracture spacing distribution of target area, to this end, the present invention also provides for one
The investigation method embodiment 2 of buried hill fissure distribution, to solve by compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detection
During the fracture spacing difference that method determines, when i.e. existence solves more, determine fracture spacing.With reference to shown in Fig. 2, provide for the present invention
The flow chart of the investigation method embodiment 2 of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution, the present embodiment can be regarded as on the basis of embodiment 1
One implements, and the present embodiment specifically may include that
Step 201: the ID scope of whole target area is set.
Step 202: extract the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain compressional wave resistance according to described reflected waveform data
Anti-.
In practical operation, can carry out reconnaissance with certain sizing grid in target area, sizing grid can basis
It is actually needed concrete selected, such as 25*25,300*300, it is not construed as limiting here.
Close echo at the seismic wave received includes all of back wave, diffracted wave etc., so, in follow-up application
In, first have to carry out the extraction of back wave and diffracted wave from the ripple returned, concrete, can once all of ripple be extracted also
Separate, it is also possible to before using certain ripple, then extract.
Step 203: be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determine described initially
Fracture spacing distribution in depth bounds.
Step 204: if the fracture spacing distribution that above two detection method determines is consistent, the distribution of described fracture spacing is made
It is distributed for target fracture spacing.
Close in order to eliminate the crack of the same target area that the multi-solution determining that fracture spacing is distributed, i.e. distinct methods are determined
Degree distribution difference, introduces diffracted wave detection method, with reference to step 205.
Step 205: extract the diffracted wave data of difference in target area.
When subsurface formations dielectric reveals certain heterogeneity, traditional seism processing and formation method will be neglected
Omit and suppress with seismic wave dominant wavelength quite or less local structure and lithological information.Have research it has been shown that when stratum non-
When the yardstick of uniformity and wavelength are more or less the same, the scattering effect of ripple is the most obvious, and backscattering in this case is in earthquake
Exploration has relatively broad practical value.For buried hill fissure type oil-gas reservoir, the distribution in crack presents regionality, non-homogeneous
Property, when seismic wave is by the crack aggregation zone in target area, due to the anisotropism in crack, diffraction can be produced, adopt
The seismic data of collection can comprise abundant diffracted wave information.Diffracted wave detection method may determine that fracture spacing is distributed, and
Determine that fracture spacing distribution computation complexity is relatively low, speed.Its shortcoming is not can determine that fracture strike is distributed.This area skill
Art personnel are appreciated that step 205 to be not necessarily to after step 204 to implement, because in actual application, according to back wave
The fracture spacing distribution that different detection methods get is likely to different, it is possible to use diffracted wave detection method in advance
Acquisition fracture spacing is distributed, for later use, it addition, also have the subsidiary benefit to be exactly by diffracted wave detection method, and can
With the territorial scope of the most accurately fractue spacing, thus follow-up in use compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation
During detection method, the back wave in exact extension can be collected targetedly, reduce amount of calculation.
Step 206: according to the energy properties of diffracted wave, determined described in described target area by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution that ID scope is corresponding.
Described diffracted wave energy properties can include RMS amplitude, peak swing and mean amplitude of tide etc., by target
The extraction of diffraction information in district, can calculate the distribution of fracture spacing in turn, can be qualitative by the size of fracture spacing
Ground describes development degree of micro cracks in oil, the place that fracture spacing is big, it is believed that be a good Fractured Zone.
Step 207: determine that the fracture spacing that two kinds of detection methods based on back wave obtain is distributed inconsistent difference district
Territory.
Step 208: respectively above two detection method is distributed and diffracted wave detection side in the fracture spacing in difference region
The fracture spacing distribution that method obtains at described difference region compares.
Step 209: by the inspection consistent with the fracture spacing distribution that diffracted wave detection method obtains at described difference region
The fracture spacing distribution in whole target area of the survey method is defined as target fracture spacing.
If the fracture spacing determined by compressional wave orientation detecting method is distributed and by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
The fracture spacing distribution determined is inconsistent, is referred to as distinguishing region by region inconsistent for Density Distribution, by above two based on instead
The fracture spacing that the fracture spacing distribution in difference region of the detection method of ejected wave and diffracted wave detection method determine is distributed in district
The fracture spacing distribution in other region compares, and the fracture spacing wherein obtained with diffracted wave detection method is distributed in difference district
The fracture spacing distribution of the detection method acquisition that territory is consistent is distributed as target fracture spacing.
Step 210: adjust described ID scope, be in course of adjustment, uses above two method to obtain corresponding deep
The fracture strike distribution of degree, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines is distributed at fixed well known with described
The actual fracture strike distribution of well is consistent.
Step 211: the ID scope after adjusting is as the target depth range of described target area, described target
The fracture strike of depth bounds is distributed as target fracture strike distribution in described target area.
Step 212: fractue spacing in the target area determined is carried out crack and constitutes genetic analysis.
The energy properties of all ripples used in the present embodiment may each comprise: RMS amplitude, peak swing or average
Amplitude, proves by substantial amounts of test, for diffracted wave detection method, when using RMS amplitude, the result obtained has
The higher degree of accuracy.And for compressional wave detection method, when using mean amplitude of tide, the result obtained has the higher degree of accuracy.
In engineer applied, after obtaining the fracture spacing in target area and fracture strike distribution by certain method, be by rationally
Mode prove that the result obtained is correct, the origin cause of formation in crack to be illustrated, this process is properly termed as just drilling process.
Concrete, the interpretation horizon of target area is smoothed, then arranges and just drill parameter, described just drilling parameter
Can include any so that the factor that changes of stratum original appearance, such as curvature, maximum principal strain, surplus capacity, maximum
Principal stress etc..Parameter role is just drilled to the interpretation horizon after smooth by arrange, if the interpretation horizon generation after Zuo Yong
Fracture spacing with move towards be distributed consistent with the result of above-mentioned acquisition, it may be said that improving eyesight mark formation crack, district formally just drilled ginseng by above-mentioned
The effect of number causes.At the same time it can also be to by just drilling the result obtained and the crack obtained by step 201-step 211
Distribution results compares, if the two result is inconsistent, and can be to the parameter in the method used in step 201-step 211
(window time such as) is adjusted, and makes the result of the two keep consistent as far as possible.
The fractue spacing obtained just is being drilled and is being necessary on engineer applied, because well-digging is general relatively deep,
Substantial amounts of human and material resources can be spent.So when a certain area is surveyed by reality, specifically in which position digging a well,
Comprehensive various factors just can be implemented after determining.And after the fractue spacing obtained by the present embodiment, find certain area tool
There is abundant oil-gas reservoir, but the fractue spacing not having other evidence explanation to be obtained by the method for the present embodiment is correct
, thus cannot provide a reliable foundation for engineering construction.If but bright causing local formation so by just delivering a speech
The origin cause of formation in the crack of distribution, and the target area that the reason determined and other industry expert research are thought occurred in history
Geological movement is consistent, then the result that the present embodiment obtains can be just that engineer applied provides a foundation being referred to.
In the present embodiment, comprehensively analyze the distribution situation of buried hill fissure, solve fracture spacing distribution and move towards distribution
Multiresolution issue, meanwhile, by just drilling the comparison of result, it is also possible to adjust further the comprehensive process analyzed, protect further
The accuracy of card buried hill fissure distribution.
For the ease of understanding technical scheme, now as a example by a kind of actual application scenarios, describe this in detail
Bright implementation, the investigation method be given according to the various embodiments described above, choose one piece of buried hill fissure development area (follow-up referred to as work
District) carry out FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS attributes research, target fracture developing zone is Archaean group oil-bearing series, with migmatitic granite and migmatite is
Main, reservoir space based on crack, corrosion hole be auxiliary, storage and collection performance is preferable, in this as verify said method feasibility and
The example of application effect.The refutation process determining fractue spacing it is referred to as in the follow-up whole process through fractue spacing exploration.
Application diffracted wave detection method, based on the interpretation horizon of buried hill, opens downwards the time window of 50ms and 100ms.By around
The multiple attribute selection of ejected wave, described attribute includes RMS amplitude, peak swing or mean amplitude of tide, finally chooses root mean square and shakes
Width attribute carries out the prediction in fractue spacing region, with reference to shown in Fig. 3 a-Fig. 3 b, for the crack using diffracted wave detection method to determine
Distribution map.It can be seen that diffracted wave detection method can preferably describe the distribution of target fracture developing zone internal fissure
Rule, and relatively big in fixed well (well A, well B and well C) position fracture spacing, show fracture development.
After determining Fracture distribution, the mean amplitude of tide attribute of back wave is selected to carry out the pre-of fractue spacing region
Survey, meanwhile, based on back wave, calculate Relative Wave Impedance, application compressional wave orientation detecting method and the inspection of Relative Wave Impedance orientation
Survey method, based on the interpretation horizon of buried hill, when different length is opened in its both sides, window (can be with diffracted wave detection method one
Sample, window when opening downwards), carrying out fracture spacing distribution and calculate, the result that test obtains is referred to shown in Fig. 4 a-Fig. 4 d, wherein
Compressional wave method is compressional wave orientation detecting method, and Relative Wave Impedance method is Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method.Time window
During for 100ms and 200ms, the fracture spacing distribution difference obtained is the most little.Time described, window is 100ms and 200ms and diffraction
50ms with 100ms of Bo Shikai is corresponding because use diffracted wave method time, time window be to open downwards, and the latter be buried hill solve
Releasing window when the both sides of layer position are opened, 100ms now is it can be understood that for upwards opening 50ms, opening 50ms, the size of window when opening downwards
And direction can according to reality application choose, do not limit.
From figure 3, it can be seen that in the northwestward in work area and northeast (fixed well region), the inverting of two attribute
Result can preferably be mated.But identical with diffracted wave inverting, when 100ms and 200ms during window, window attribute during inversion result pair
The most sensitive, and in work area central region, the inversion result of two attribute still has difference.
But, when after the inversion result of fractue spacing in comprehensive analysis Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it can be seen that at the middle part in work area, should
Can be good at meeting by the result obtained by Relative Wave Impedance crack detection method and diffracted wave information crack detection method.Institute
With, it may be determined that the fracture spacing of Relative Wave Impedance crack detection method exploration more meets with reality.
In the case of having been given by the inversion result of fracture spacing, will be made below fracture orientation back analysis.Choose
The inverting of three mouthfuls of fixed well (well A, well B and well C) fracture orientation characteristics retrains, application P wave data and Relative Wave Impedance
Data orientation crack detection method carries out inverting, the fracture strike of fracture strike distribution under window during difference with fixed well is distributed into
Row compares, and we can obtain having well location to put fracture orientation distribution (as illustrated in figs. 5-7) in work area.What fixed well was given is wellhole
In the distribution situations of cracks of a certain depth bounds, be crack concentrated expression in the depth direction.By splitting shown in Fig. 5-Fig. 7
Seam orientation inversion result understands, time window be 200ms, the result of inverting and fracture orientation knot in 3 mouthfuls of fixed wells when grid is 300 meters
Fruit is consistent, it is possible to fractuer direction main in reflection work area.
Finally, the inversion result of comprehensive above FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS attribute, it may be determined that application 100ms diffracted wave fractue spacing is pre-
Survey with apply the FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS attribute that obtains of 200ms Relative Wave Impedance inverting can relatively accurately describe this district's fracture spacing and
The regularity of distribution of fracture orientation.
The fracture spacing attribute that application Relative Wave Impedance data orientation crack detection method inverting obtains, represents target area
Fracture spacing distribution (as shown in Figure 8,9), the result be given in combination with forward model, that analyzes crack in zones of different can
Can structural ge nesis (as shown in table 1), for different parameters of just drilling, shown in reference Figure 10 a-Figure 10 d, just drill result, obtain figure
The Causes of Cracking that in 8, the region of division is corresponding.
Crack, table 1 fracture development region structural ge nesis is analyzed
| The origin cause of formation | Region 1 | Region 2 | Region 3 | Region 4 | Region 5 | Region 6 | Region 7 |
| Tectonic erosion periods attribute | √ | √ | √ | ||||
| Maximum principal strain attribute | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
| Surplus capacity attribute | √ | √ | √ | ||||
| Maximum principal stress attribute | √ |
When actual carrying out, every kind just drilling parameter be independent action in target area, if the corresponding multiple one-tenth in region
Cause, illustrates that the parameter just drilling use is likely to cause work area to form the fractue spacing that inverting obtains.Pass through crack origin analysis
When the result of acquisition is different from inversion result, inversion result can be modified.Generally, inversion result is not carried out
Revise, but with inversion result as foundation.Under specific circumstances, inversion result can be modified, such as, attached at fixed well
Part has fracture developing zone, and the result that inverting obtains does not conforms to the actual conditions, and is just drilling the result obtained and is being consistent with actual, is illustrating that inverting is tied
There is error in fruit, adjustment inverted parameters that can be suitable.Or, it is multiple that just to drill the result that parameter obtains all different from inversion result,
Then explanation inversion result may not be right, at this time it is also possible to adjust inverted parameters, and window size time such as, or the energy of the ripple used
Amount attribute etc..
Corresponding to embodiment of the method, the present invention also provides for the surveying device of a kind of buried hill fissure distribution, with reference to shown in Figure 11,
For a kind of structural representation of the surveying device that a kind of buried hill fissure is distributed, described device includes:
Module 1101 is set, for arranging the ID scope of whole target area；
First determines module 1102, is used for being respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Determine the fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID；
Second determines module 1103, when the fracture spacing that above two detection method determines is distributed consistent, by described
Fracture spacing distribution is distributed as target fracture spacing；
Adjusting module 1104, is used for adjusting described ID scope, is in course of adjustment, and uses above two method to obtain
Take the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, until the fracture strike that any of the above-described kind of detection method determines be distributed at fixed well with
The actual fracture strike distribution of described fixed well is consistent；
Fractue spacing determines module 1105, and the ID scope after adjusting is as the target of described target area
Depth bounds, the fracture strike of described target depth range is distributed as target fracture strike distribution.
Preferably, described first determines that module 1102 can include following submodule:
Extract submodule, for receiving the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain according to described reflected waveform data
Take p-wave impedance；
First obtains submodule, for the energy properties according to back wave, is determined described by compressional wave orientation detecting method
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of ID；
Second obtains submodule, for the energy properties according to p-wave impedance, by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Determine the fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID.
Preferably, described device can also include:
Extraction module, for receiving the diffracted wave data of difference in target area；
3rd determines module, for the energy properties according to diffracted wave, determines described target by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution that ID scope described in region is corresponding；
4th determines module, for when the fracture spacing distribution that above two detection method determines is inconsistent, determining and split
The difference region that seam Density Distribution is inconsistent；
Comparison module, for examining above two detection method with diffracted wave in the fracture spacing distribution in difference region respectively
The fracture spacing distribution that survey method obtains at described difference region compares；
Then second determines module, specifically for by close with the crack that diffracted wave detection method obtains at described difference region
Degree is distributed the fracture spacing distribution in whole target area of the consistent detection method and is defined as target fracture spacing.
Analyzing module, constituting genetic analysis for fractue spacing in the target area determined being carried out crack.
The function that in device embodiment, each module is realized is corresponding, the most no longer with method operating procedure in embodiment of the method
Repeat.
For system embodiment, owing to it corresponds essentially to embodiment of the method, so relevant part sees method in fact
The part executing example illustrates.System embodiment described above is only schematically, wherein said as separating component
The unit illustrated can be or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as unit can be or can also
It it not physical location.Some or all of module therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the present embodiment scheme
Purpose.
The above is only the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the investigation method of a buried hill fissure distribution, it is characterised in that described investigation method includes:
The ID scope of whole target area is set；
It is respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and in the range of Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines described ID
Fracture spacing is distributed；
Be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method consistent with the distribution of fracture spacing that Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines time,
The distribution of described fracture spacing is distributed as target fracture spacing；
Adjust described ID scope, be in course of adjustment, use compressional wave orientation detecting method and the inspection of Relative Wave Impedance orientation
Survey method obtains the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, until compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
In any one fracture strike determined be distributed at fixed well with the actual fracture strike of described fixed well distribution consistent, with
Time window corresponding to the degree of depth after adjustment is the time window finally determined；
ID scope after adjusting is as the target depth range of described target area, the crack of described target depth range
Trend is distributed as target fracture strike distribution.
Investigation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and relative ripple
Impedance orientation detecting method determines the fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID, including:
Extract the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain p-wave impedance according to described reflected waveform data；
According to the energy properties of back wave, determine the fracture spacing in the range of described ID by compressional wave orientation detecting method
Distribution；
According to the energy properties of p-wave impedance, in the range of determining described ID by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Fracture spacing is distributed.
Investigation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described investigation method also includes:
Extract the diffracted wave data of difference in target area；
According to the energy properties of diffracted wave, determine ID scope pair described in described target area by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution answered；
When the fracture spacing distribution that above two orientation detecting method determines is inconsistent, determine that fracture spacing distribution is inconsistent
Difference region；
Respectively above two orientation detecting method is distributed with diffracted wave detection method described in the fracture spacing in difference region
The fracture spacing distribution obtained at difference region compares；
By the detection method consistent with the fracture spacing distribution that diffracted wave detection method obtains at described difference region whole
The fracture spacing distribution of target area is defined as target fracture spacing.
4. according to the investigation method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described investigation method also includes:
Fractue spacing in the target area determined is carried out crack and constitutes genetic analysis.
Investigation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when described ID scope uses, window represents.
6. according to the investigation method described in any one of claim 2-3, it is characterised in that energy properties includes: RMS amplitude,
Peak swing or mean amplitude of tide.
7. the surveying device of a buried hill fissure distribution, it is characterised in that described device includes:
Module is set, for arranging the ID scope of whole target area；
First determines module, is used for being respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines described
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of ID；
Second determines module, for when be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines
When fracture spacing distribution is consistent, the distribution of described fracture spacing is distributed as target fracture spacing；
Adjusting module, is used for adjusting described ID scope, is in course of adjustment, and uses compressional wave orientation detecting method with relative
Wave impedance orientation detecting method obtains the fracture strike distribution of the corresponding degree of depth, until compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance
The actual crack that any one fracture strike determined in orientation detecting method is distributed at fixed well with described fixed well is walked
Consistent to distribution, the time window corresponding with the degree of depth after adjusting is the time window finally determined；
Fractue spacing determines module, is used for the target depth range as described target area of the ID scope after adjusting,
The fracture strike of described target depth range is distributed as target fracture strike distribution.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described first determines that module includes:
Extract submodule, for receiving the reflected waveform data of difference in target area, and obtain according to described reflected waveform data vertical
Wave impedance；
First obtains submodule, for according to the energy properties of back wave, by compressional wave orientation detecting method determine described initially
Fracture spacing distribution in depth bounds；
Second obtains submodule, for the energy properties according to p-wave impedance, is determined by Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method
Fracture spacing distribution in the range of described ID.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described device also includes:
Extraction module, for receiving the diffracted wave data of difference in target area；
3rd determines module, for the energy properties according to diffracted wave, is determined in described target area by diffracted wave detection method
The fracture spacing distribution that described ID scope is corresponding；
4th determines module, for when be respectively adopted compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method determines
When fracture spacing distribution is inconsistent, determine the difference region that fracture spacing distribution is inconsistent；
Comparison module, for the splitting in difference region by compressional wave orientation detecting method and Relative Wave Impedance orientation detecting method respectively
The fracture spacing distribution that seam Density Distribution and diffracted wave detection method obtain at described difference region compares；
Then second determines module, specifically for the fracture spacing obtained at described difference region with diffracted wave detection method being divided
The fracture spacing distribution in whole target area of the cloth consistent orientation detecting method is defined as target fracture spacing.
10. according to the device described in any one of claim 7-9, it is characterised in that described device also includes:
Analyzing module, constituting genetic analysis for fractue spacing in the target area determined being carried out crack.
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| CN105093309A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tectonic stress analysis-based method for crack detection and validity verification |
| CN106199710B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-05-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hill reservoir seismic identification based on mixing dip scanning amplitude change rate |
| CN108957527B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2020-06-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake prediction method for network fracture of rock stratum |
| CN110286410B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Fracture inversion method and device based on diffracted wave energy |
| CN112684504B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Urban underground cavity rapid detection method based on total scattering model |
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| US4834209A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-05-30 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Transverse wave logger |
| CN101738639A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-06-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for improving computing precision of rock fracture parameters |
| CN102455439A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Diffracted wave field separation method based on Kirchhoff integral method |
| CN102778693A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Diffracted wave separation processing method based on reflection wave layer leveling extraction and elimination |
| CN102854529A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2013-01-02 | 孙赞东 | Reflected wave generalized radon spectrum method diffracted wave field separation technology |
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| US4834209A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-05-30 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Transverse wave logger |
| CN101738639A (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-06-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for improving computing precision of rock fracture parameters |
| CN102455439A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Diffracted wave field separation method based on Kirchhoff integral method |
| CN102778693A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Diffracted wave separation processing method based on reflection wave layer leveling extraction and elimination |
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