CN112028711A - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028711A CN112028711A CN202010946748.6A CN202010946748A CN112028711A CN 112028711 A CN112028711 A CN 112028711A CN 202010946748 A CN202010946748 A CN 202010946748A CN 112028711 A CN112028711 A CN 112028711A
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- organic fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
Abstract
The invention provides an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-45% of oil residue; 15-35% of dry cakes; 2-10% of ammonia water; 2-15% of acid water; 2-8% of argil; 10-25% of auxiliary materials; the balance of water. According to the invention, by optimizing the proportion of the organic fertilizer, the technical problems of large pollution and low utilization rate of the traditional fertilizer are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the requirement of trace elements of plants is rapidly met depending on a large amount of fertilizer application in China, which easily causes the content of nitrate in crops to exceed the standard and seriously harms human health. In addition, the applied fertilizer does not contain organic matters and humus, and easily causes the soil aggregate structure to be damaged, thereby causing the adverse effects of soil hardening, reducing the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, reducing the yield and quality of crops and the like. In the related technology, the utilization rate of the chemical nitrogen fertilizer is about 30 percent, the utilization rate of the chemical phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is about 35 percent, most of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are lost along with surface runoff and other ways, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in surface water are enriched, and nitrate in underground water and food is polluted by fertilizers such as superscalar nitrate and the like.
Therefore, the appearance of a novel fertilizer which can reduce the pollution of the fertilizer and ensure the yield of crops is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems of large pollution and low utilization rate of the traditional fertilizer in the related technology.
The invention provides an organic fertilizer which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25-45% of oil residue;
15-35% of dry cakes;
2-10% of ammonia water;
2-15% of acid water;
2-8% of argil;
10-25% of auxiliary materials;
the balance of water.
Optionally, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
30-60% of plant ash;
10-35% of bran;
10-35% of vinasse.
Optionally, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
30-60% of plant ash;
10-35% of bran;
10-35% of vinasse;
5-15% of fish meal;
5-15% of bone meal.
Optionally, the pH of the organic fertilizer is 5.5-8.5.
Optionally, the total moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than or equal to 30% by mass.
Optionally, the particle size of the organic fertilizer is 5-60 meshes.
Optionally, the mass percentage of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is 45-85%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, weighing the oil residue, the dry cake, ammonia water, acid water, argil and auxiliary materials according to a proportion, uniformly mixing and fermenting to obtain a crude fertilizer;
and S2, crushing, screening and packaging the crude fertilizer obtained in the step S1 to obtain the target organic fertilizer.
Optionally, in the step S1, the fermentation of the crude fertilizer is performed by stacking and fermenting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the technology of the invention, the components of the organic fertilizer are designed, and industrial wastes such as oil residue, dry cake, acid water, ammonia water, white soil, auxiliary materials and the like, agricultural wastes, domestic garbage, livestock and poultry manure and the like are selected as production raw materials according to a proportion to prepare the fertilizer without organic matters, humus and the like, so that the damage of a soil granular structure is reduced, the soil hardening is reduced, the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is improved, and the yield and quality of crops are further improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides an organic fertilizer which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25-45% of oil residue;
15-35% of dry cakes;
2-10% of ammonia water;
2-15% of acid water;
2-8% of argil;
10-25% of auxiliary materials;
the balance of water.
Optionally, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
30-60% of plant ash;
10-35% of bran;
10-35% of vinasse.
Optionally, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
30-60% of plant ash;
10-35% of bran;
10-35% of vinasse;
5-15% of fish meal;
5-15% of bone meal.
For example, but not limited to, the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
48% of oil residue;
10% of dry cake;
7% of ammonia water;
5% of acid water;
3% of argil;
10% of water;
3% of plant ash;
3% of bran;
5% of vinasse;
3 percent of fish meal;
3 percent of bone meal.
Optionally, the pH of the organic fertilizer is 5.5-8.5. For example, but not limited to, the organic fertilizer has a pH of 6.8.
Optionally, the total moisture content of the organic fertilizer is less than or equal to 30% by mass.
Optionally, the particle size of the organic fertilizer is 5-60 meshes. For example, but not limited to, the particle size of the organic fertilizer is 10-20 meshes.
Optionally, the mass percentage of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is 45-85%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, weighing the oil residue, the dry cake, ammonia water, acid water, argil and auxiliary materials according to a proportion, uniformly mixing and fermenting to obtain a crude fertilizer;
and S2, crushing, screening and packaging the crude fertilizer obtained in the step S1 to obtain the target organic fertilizer.
Optionally, in the step S1, the fermentation of the crude fertilizer is performed by stacking and fermenting.
To further illustrate the effect of an organic fertilizer of the present invention, the following example sets were selected for a detailed explanation. It should be understood that the following group of examples are only some examples of the present invention, and are only for illustrating the technical effects of the organic fertilizer provided by the present invention, and not for limiting purposes.
Example 1
The organic fertilizer in the embodiment contains the following effective components in percentage by mass: 48% of oil residue, 10% of dry cake, 10% of water, 3% of plant ash, 3% of bran, 7% of ammonia water, 5% of acid water, 3% of carclazyte, 5% of vinasse, 3% of fish meal and 3% of bone meal.
Wherein the mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of organic matters obtained by detecting 1kg of powdered argil is 41.6 percent, the mass fraction (calculated by the drying base) of N is 2.42 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.96%)2The mass fraction of O (calculated by a drying base) is 1.73 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 6.11 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 5.7;
the detected mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery plant ash is 1.67%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 0.96%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.82%, K2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.96%, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.74%, and the pH value is detected to be 9.8;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery oil residue is detected to be 109.6 percent, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 1.12 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.06%)2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.17 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.35 percent, and the pH value is detected to be pH2.1;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) detected by 1kg of liquid acid water is 6.5%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by a drying base) is 1.08%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.92%, K2The mass fraction of O (calculated on a drying basis) is 0.34 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.34 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 1.5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing oil residue, dry cake, plant ash, bran, ammonia water, acid water, clay, distiller's grains, fish powder, bone meal, water, etc. in proportion, piling up for fermentation, and periodically turning over; after fermentation, drying and crushing the fermented materials, screening the fermented materials by a roller screen, selecting split materials with the grain size of less than or equal to 50 meshes as target organic fertilizers, and packaging to obtain finished products.
Through detection, the mass fraction of organic matters in the target organic fertilizer (calculated by a drying base) is 50%, and the total nutrients are (N + P)2O5+K2O) was 7.43% by mass (on a dried basis) and the pH (pH) was 6.5.
Example 2
The organic fertilizer in the embodiment contains the following effective components in percentage by mass: 58% of oil residue, 8% of dry cake, 8% of water, 3% of plant ash, 3% of bran, 4% of ammonia water, 5% of acid water, 2% of carclazyte, 5% of vinasse, 2% of fish meal and 2% of bone meal.
Wherein the mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of organic matters obtained by detecting 1kg of powdered argil is 41.6 percent, the mass fraction (calculated by the drying base) of N is 2.42 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.96%)2The mass fraction of O (calculated by a drying base) is 1.73 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 6.11 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 5.7;
the detected mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery plant ash is 1.67%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 0.96%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.82%, K2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.96%, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.74%, and the pH value is detected to be 9.8;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery oil residue is detected to be 109.6 percent, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 1.12 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.06%)2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.17 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.35 percent, and the pH value is detected to be pH2.1;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) detected by 1kg of liquid acid water is 6.5%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by a drying base) is 1.08%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.92%, K2The mass fraction of O (calculated on a drying basis) is 0.34 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.34 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 1.5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing oil residue, dry cake, plant ash, bran, ammonia water, acid water, clay, distiller's grains, fish powder, bone meal, water, etc. in proportion, piling up for fermentation, and periodically turning over; after fermentation, drying and crushing the fermented materials, screening the fermented materials by a roller screen, selecting split materials with the grain size of less than or equal to 50 meshes as target organic fertilizers, and packaging to obtain finished products.
Through detection, the mass fraction of organic matters in the target organic fertilizer (calculated by a drying base) is 55%, and the total nutrients are (N + P)2O5+K2O) was 9.42% by mass (on a dried basis) and the pH (pH) was 7.2.
Example 3
The organic fertilizer in the embodiment contains the following effective components in percentage by mass: 40% of oil residue, 15% of dry cake, 15% of water, 3% of plant ash, 3% of bran, 8% of ammonia water, 6% of acid water, 2% of carclazyte, 4% of vinasse, 2% of fish meal and 2% of bone meal.
Wherein the mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of organic matters obtained by detecting 1kg of powdered argil is 41.6 percent, the mass fraction (calculated by the drying base) of N is 2.42 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.96%)2The mass fraction of O (calculated by a drying base) is 1.73 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 6.11 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 5.7;
the detected mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery plant ash is 1.67%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 0.96%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.82%, K2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.96%, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.74%, and the pH value is detected to be 9.8;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) of 1kg of powdery oil residue is detected to be 109.6 percent, the mass fraction of N (calculated by the drying base) is 1.12 percent, and P is2O5The mass fraction (based on the oven-dried basis) of (1.06%)2The mass fraction (calculated by a drying base) of O is 0.17 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.35 percent, and the pH value is detected to be pH2.1;
the mass fraction of organic matters (calculated by a drying base) detected by 1kg of liquid acid water is 6.5%, the mass fraction of N (calculated by a drying base) is 1.08%, and P is2O5The mass fraction (in terms of a dry basis) of (C) is 0.92%, K2The mass fraction of O (calculated on a drying basis) is 0.34 percent, the mass fraction of total nutrients is 2.34 percent, and the pH value is detected to be 1.5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing oil residue, dry cake, plant ash, bran, ammonia water, acid water, clay, distiller's grains, fish powder, bone meal, water, etc. in proportion, piling up for fermentation, and periodically turning over; after fermentation, drying and crushing the fermented materials, screening the fermented materials by a roller screen, selecting split materials with the grain size of less than or equal to 50 meshes as target organic fertilizers, and packaging to obtain finished products.
Through detection, the mass fraction of organic matters in the target organic fertilizer (calculated by a drying base) is 45 percent, and the total nutrients are (N + P)2O5+K2O) was 5.29% by mass (on a dried basis) and the pH value (pH) was 5.8.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
30-60% of plant ash;
10-35% of bran;
10-35% of vinasse.
3. The organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
4. the organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pH of said organic fertilizer is 5.5 to 8.5.
5. The organic fertilizer of claim 4, characterized in that the mass percent of the total moisture of said organic fertilizer is less than or equal to 30%.
6. The organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the particle size of said organic fertilizer is 5 to 60 mesh.
7. The organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mass percentage of organic matter in the organic fertilizer is 45-85%.
8. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the specific steps of the preparation method comprise:
step S1, weighing the oil residue, the dry cake, ammonia water, acid water, argil and auxiliary materials according to a proportion, uniformly mixing and fermenting to obtain a crude fertilizer;
and S2, crushing, screening and packaging the crude fertilizer obtained in the step S1 to obtain the target organic fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, the fermentation of the crude fertilizer is performed by stacking and fermenting in a manner of bar piles.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1123260A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-05-29 | 姚萍 | Method for production of bone-meal liquid compounded fertilizer |
| CN103058749A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-04-24 | 华南农业大学 | Method for preparing amino acid liquid fertilizer by hydrolyzing animal proteins with multiple acids and application of amino acid liquid fertilizer |
| CN103159527A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | 詹文圆 | Method for producing high-quality edible mushrooms concentrating energy type adding fertilizer by using activated clay oil residues and corn bran to serve as main raw materials |
| CN107001168A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-08-01 | 王永成 | Organic slow-release fertilizer manufacture method |
| CN108264407A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-10 | 柳州越众农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of orchid nutrition fertilizer |
| CN108558580A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-09-21 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of spent bleaching clay base organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
-
2020
- 2020-09-10 CN CN202010946748.6A patent/CN112028711A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1123260A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-05-29 | 姚萍 | Method for production of bone-meal liquid compounded fertilizer |
| CN103159527A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | 詹文圆 | Method for producing high-quality edible mushrooms concentrating energy type adding fertilizer by using activated clay oil residues and corn bran to serve as main raw materials |
| CN103058749A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-04-24 | 华南农业大学 | Method for preparing amino acid liquid fertilizer by hydrolyzing animal proteins with multiple acids and application of amino acid liquid fertilizer |
| CN107001168A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-08-01 | 王永成 | Organic slow-release fertilizer manufacture method |
| CN108264407A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-10 | 柳州越众农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of orchid nutrition fertilizer |
| CN108558580A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-09-21 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of spent bleaching clay base organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
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