CN112026309B - Processing technology of impervious bentonite waterproof blanket - Google Patents

Processing technology of impervious bentonite waterproof blanket Download PDF

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CN112026309B
CN112026309B CN202010696708.0A CN202010696708A CN112026309B CN 112026309 B CN112026309 B CN 112026309B CN 202010696708 A CN202010696708 A CN 202010696708A CN 112026309 B CN112026309 B CN 112026309B
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CN112026309A (en
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不公告发明人
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Suzhou Yudeshui Electric Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Yudeshui Electric Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/18—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
    • E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing technology of an impervious bentonite waterproof blanket. The method comprises the steps of mixing, fermenting and filtering zeolite, Paenibacillus pasteurianus, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, water and beef extract to obtain pretreated zeolite, mixing gelatin and water, standing for swelling, heating, stirring for dissolving, cooling, adding gelatinase, carrying out constant-temperature treatment and enzyme inactivation to obtain pretreated gelatin solution, stirring and dissolving zinc polyacrylate resin and acetone, adding diglyceride for mixing, adding modified fiber, pretreated zeolite, methyltrimethoxysilane, sodium methylsilicate, pretreated gelatin solution and urea, stirring and mixing to obtain a waterproof layer, paving the waterproof layer from top to bottom according to a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer, fixing by needling, and spraying calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket. The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket provided by the invention has excellent impervious performance.

Description

Processing technology of impervious bentonite waterproof blanket
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof coiled materials, in particular to a processing technology of an impervious bentonite waterproof blanket.
Background
The bentonite waterproof blanket takes high molecular polymers (woven cloth, non-woven fabric and the like) as a carrier and takes the bentonite as a main waterproof substance, has unique air permeability and self-healing function, and is particularly suitable for garden water system waterproof engineering, irrigation seepage-proofing engineering, road foundation seepage-proofing engineering and the like.
The bentonite waterproof blanket is basically in the form of a wide and large-area product after passing through a transition state such as a paper waterproof board. The product standard sodium bentonite waterproof blanket (JG/T193-2006) which is just made and issued is divided into 3 types of sodium bentonite waterproof blankets by a needle punching method, sodium bentonite waterproof blankets by a needle punching film covering method and sodium bentonite waterproof blankets by an adhesive method.
The first type of sodium bentonite waterproof blanket is a blanket-shaped material formed by two layers of geotextile wrapped sodium bentonite particles through needling, belongs to the leading product in the waterproof blanket, and generally refers to a product, wherein the upper cloth of the waterproof blanket is non-woven fabric (non-woven geotextile), and the base cloth is generally woven fabric. At present, the bottom cloth is also a non-woven fabric product.
The second kind of sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with needle punching and film covering is one layer of high density polyethylene film compounded onto the surface of the non-woven geotextile of the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with needle punching. And can also be used for assisting in resisting accidental water coming in during the construction process, such as rain, snow and the like.
Third, the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket by the adhesive method, generally called waterproof board, is a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket produced by bonding bentonite particles to a non-woven geotextile or a high-density polyethylene board by an adhesive and compressing, and the product has the defect that soil powder is easily washed away and falls off by rainwater and the like, so that the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket is rare.
The bentonite waterproof blanket may be damaged by the penetration of stones or other sharp objects, or be partially torn and damaged due to factors such as dam body deformation, wind waves, water level change and the like, and some holes are generated to form a concentrated seepage channel, so that the safety and stability of the dam body are threatened. Especially in the polluted environments of salt, alkali and the like, the permeability coefficient is increased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, the self-healing capability is deteriorated, and the anti-seepage performance is reduced. Aiming at the problem that the existing traditional bentonite waterproof blanket is poor in waterproof performance, research needs to be carried out on the existing bentonite waterproof blanket.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an impervious bentonite waterproof blanket and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of modified fiber, 8-10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 8-10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 10-20 parts of acetone, 2-3 parts of diglyceride, 5-8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 2-3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 40-60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 3-5 parts of urea.
The modified fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 8-10 parts of cellulose, 4-6 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 10-20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution.
The pretreated diatomite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of diatomite, 28-40 parts of sulfuric acid and 12-20 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The pretreated zeolite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of zeolite, 0.1-0.2 part of pasteurella, 1-2 parts of glycerol, 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 20-30 parts of water and 1-2 parts of beef extract.
The pretreatment gelatin solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of gelatin, 0.02-0.03 part of gelatinase and 100-120 parts of water.
The waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
A processing technology of an impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) pretreating diatomite;
(2) preparing modified fiber by using the product obtained in the step (1);
(3) pretreating zeolite;
(4) pretreating gelatin;
(5) mixing materials;
(6) paving, fixing by needling, and spraying calcium chloride solution;
(7) the detection is carried out by detecting the position of the probe,
the processing steps of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket are as follows:
(1) adding sulfuric acid into hydrogen peroxide, stirring and mixing to obtain a piranha solution, mixing kieselguhr with the piranha solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, filtering, washing, freezing, crushing and drying to obtain pretreated kieselguhr, treating the kieselguhr with the piranha solution to effectively remove acid-soluble substances in a system, simultaneously enabling the kieselguhr to be easily crushed, and then performing freezing and crushing to enable the obtained kieselguhr to reach the micro-nano level, wherein the micro-nano level kieselguhr has good dispersion performance, so that the density of the system is improved, and the impermeability of the product is further improved;
(2) mixing urea and a sodium hydroxide solution, then adding cellulose, stirring and mixing to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, pretreated diatomite and a modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming, and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) mixing zeolite, bacillus pasteurii, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, water and beef extract, fermenting and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite, wherein the bacillus pasteurii in the system is propagated in the zeolite in the process, and urease generated by the metabolism of the bacillus pasteurii can decompose urea to obtain carbonate ions in the use process;
(4) mixing gelatin with water, standing for swelling, heating, stirring for dissolving, cooling, adding gelatinase, treating at constant temperature, and inactivating enzyme to obtain pretreated gelatinum oxhide solution;
(5) stirring and dissolving zinc polyacrylate resin and acetone, adding diglyceride, mixing, adding modified fiber, pretreated zeolite, methyltrimethoxysilane, sodium methylsilicate, pretreated gelatin solution and urea, stirring and mixing to obtain a waterproof layer, wherein in the use process, firstly, the zinc polyacrylate resin in the system and sodium ions dissolved out from sodium bentonite are subjected to ion exchange, the sodium polyacrylate obtained by ion exchange is dissolved in water, part of the zinc polyacrylate resin falls off, the exchanged zinc ions are combined with carbonate ions to generate zinc carbonate, the fallen zinc polyacrylate resin can adsorb zinc carbonate to block gaps along with the water flow permeation direction, and the leakage repairing effect is achieved in the use process, so that the product can achieve the long-acting anti-permeability effect; secondly, methyl trimethoxy silane is hydrolyzed to form silicon hydroxyl, the silicon hydroxyl can be subjected to dehydration condensation with the silicon hydroxyl on the surface of the sodium bentonite particles to form silicon-oxygen bonds, and the organic end can play a good hydrophobic role, so that a good waterproof role is played; thirdly, silicon hydroxyl in the molecular structure of the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane are subjected to dehydration condensation to form a silicon oxygen bond, and the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane can react with the silicon hydroxyl in the sodium bentonite for dehydration, so that an 'inverse capillary effect' is realized to form a hydrophobic layer, and the micro-expansion effect is realized, so that the compactness of the system can be promoted, and the impermeability of the system can be further promoted;
(6) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The processing process of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following steps:
(1) putting 98% sulfuric acid in mass fraction into a three-neck flask, adding 30% hydrogen peroxide in mass fraction into the three-neck flask, stirring and mixing while slowly adding 30% hydrogen peroxide at the rotation speed of 600-800 r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely added, continuously stirring for 5-10 min at the rotation speed of 600-800 r/min to obtain piranha solution, putting diatomite and the piranha solution into a single-neck flask, putting the single-neck flask into an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonically dispersing for 40-60 min at the ultrasonic frequency of 55-70 kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, washing with 20-30% ammonia water until the washing solution is neutral, crushing the washed filter cake in a freezing crusher to obtain crushed powder, putting the crushed material into a baking oven, and heating to 105-110 ℃, drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) placing urea and 20-30% sodium hydroxide solution in mass percent into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 40-60 min at the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min, adding cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 40-60 min at the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, pretreated diatomite and modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming, and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) mixing zeolite, bacillus pasteurii, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, water and beef extract, placing the mixture into a fermentation kettle, performing mixed fermentation for 3-5 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(4) placing gelatin and water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 3-5 h, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 40-60 min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, performing constant-temperature treatment for 40-60 min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and inactivating enzyme to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(5) putting the zinc polyacrylate resin and acetone into a stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 40-60 min at the rotation speed of 800-1000 r/min, adding diglyceride into the stirrer for mixing, adding modified fiber, pretreated zeolite, methyltrimethoxysilane, sodium methylsilicate, pretreated gelatin solution and urea into the stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 40-60 min at the rotation speed of 1000-1200 r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(6) paving the woven cloth layer, the waterproof layer, the bentonite layer, the waterproof layer and the non-woven cloth layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking 1-2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium periodate and 80-100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 3-5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 40-60 minutes at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 40-60 minutes at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the preparation process, the diatomite is treated by the piranha liquid, so that acid-soluble substances in the system are effectively removed, meanwhile, the diatomite is easy to crush, and then the obtained diatomite reaches the micro-nano level through freezing and crushing, the micro-nano level diatomite has good dispersibility, the compactness of the system is improved, and the impermeability of the product is further improved;
(2) according to the invention, by adding the pretreated zeolite, the zinc polyacrylate resin, the methyltrimethoxysilane and the sodium methyl silicate, in the use process, firstly, the zinc polyacrylate resin in the system and sodium ions dissolved out from sodium bentonite are subjected to ion exchange, the sodium polyacrylate obtained by the ion exchange is dissolved in water, part of the zinc polyacrylate resin falls off, the exchanged zinc ions are combined with carbonate ions to generate zinc carbonate, and the fallen zinc polyacrylate resin can adsorb the zinc carbonate to block gaps along with the water flow permeation direction, so that the leakage repairing effect is realized in the use process, and the product can realize the long-acting anti-permeability effect;
secondly, methyl trimethoxy silane is hydrolyzed to form silicon hydroxyl, the silicon hydroxyl can be subjected to dehydration condensation with the silicon hydroxyl on the surface of the sodium bentonite particles to form silicon-oxygen bonds, and the organic end can play a good hydrophobic role, so that a good waterproof role is played;
and thirdly, silicon hydroxyl in the molecular structure of the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane are subjected to dehydration condensation to form a silicon oxygen bond, and the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane can react with the silicon hydroxyl in the sodium bentonite for dehydration, so that an 'inverse capillary effect' is realized to form a hydrophobic layer, and the micro-expansion effect is realized, so that the compactness of the system can be promoted, and the impermeability of the system can be further promoted.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To illustrate the method of the present invention more clearly, the following examples are given, and the test methods for each index of the impermeable bentonite waterproof blanket manufactured in the following examples are as follows:
anti-permeability performance: the test was performed according to JG/T193, and the permeability coefficient was calculated.
Example 1
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the volume parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of sulfuric acid and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide are sequentially taken, the sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% is placed in a three-mouth flask, then the hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the three-mouth flask, the 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added while stirring and mixing are carried out under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely dripped, the stirring is continuously carried out for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, so as to obtain piranha liquid, the diatomite and the piranha liquid are placed in a single-mouth flask, then the single-mouth flask is placed in an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition of the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, filtering is carried out, so as to obtain a filter cake, then the ammonia water with the mass fraction of 30% is used for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, then the washed filter cake is placed in a freezing crusher for crushing, so as to obtain crushed material, then the crushed material is placed in a baking box, drying to constant weight at 110 deg.C to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) sequentially taking 3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution, putting the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then adding the cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, the pretreated diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) taking 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurii, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract in sequence, mixing the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract, placing the mixture in a fermentation kettle, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(4) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(5) taking 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea in sequence, placing the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone in a stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min, adding the diglyceride into the stirrer for mixing, adding the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the sodium methylsilicate, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea into the stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(6) paving the woven cloth layer, the waterproof layer, the bentonite layer, the waterproof layer and the non-woven cloth layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) is as follows: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Example 2
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the weight parts, 3 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution are sequentially taken, the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% are placed in a mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then the cellulose is added into the mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain cellulose stock solution, and the cellulose stock solution, the diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution are mixed, defoamed and spun to obtain modified fibers;
(2) taking 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurii, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract in sequence, mixing the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract, placing the mixture in a fermentation kettle, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(3) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(4) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methylsilicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea are taken in sequence, the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone are placed in a stirring machine, stirred and dissolved for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min, then the diglyceride is added into the stirring machine for mixing, then the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the sodium methylsilicate, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea are added into the stirring machine, and stirred and mixed for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min, so that a waterproof layer is obtained;
(5) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(6) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (1) comprises the following steps: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Example 3
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the volume parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of sulfuric acid and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide are sequentially taken, the sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% is placed in a three-mouth flask, then the hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the three-mouth flask, the 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added while stirring and mixing are carried out under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely dripped, the stirring is continuously carried out for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, so as to obtain piranha liquid, the diatomite and the piranha liquid are placed in a single-mouth flask, then the single-mouth flask is placed in an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition of the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, filtering is carried out, so as to obtain a filter cake, then the ammonia water with the mass fraction of 30% is used for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, then the washed filter cake is placed in a freezing crusher for crushing, so as to obtain crushed material, then the crushed material is placed in a baking box, drying to constant weight at 110 deg.C to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) sequentially taking 3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution, putting the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then adding the cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, the pretreated diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(4) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreatment gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea are taken in sequence, the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone are placed in a stirring machine, stirred and dissolved for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min, then the diglyceride is added into the stirring machine for mixing, then the modified fiber, the zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the sodium methyl silicate, the pretreatment gelatin solution and the urea are added into the stirring machine, and stirred and mixed for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min, so that the waterproof layer is obtained;
(5) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(6) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Example 4
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the volume parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of sulfuric acid and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide are sequentially taken, the sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% is placed in a three-mouth flask, then the hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the three-mouth flask, the 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added while stirring and mixing are carried out under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely dripped, the stirring is continuously carried out for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, so as to obtain piranha liquid, the diatomite and the piranha liquid are placed in a single-mouth flask, then the single-mouth flask is placed in an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition of the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, filtering is carried out, so as to obtain a filter cake, then the ammonia water with the mass fraction of 30% is used for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, then the washed filter cake is placed in a freezing crusher for crushing, so as to obtain crushed material, then the crushed material is placed in a baking box, drying to constant weight at 110 deg.C to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) sequentially taking 3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution, putting the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then adding the cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, the pretreated diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) taking 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurii, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract in sequence, mixing the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract, placing the mixture in a fermentation kettle, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(4) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(5) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea are sequentially taken, diglyceride is added into a stirrer for mixing, then the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the sodium methylsilicate, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea are added into the stirrer, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(6) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) is as follows: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Example 5
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the volume parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of sulfuric acid and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide are sequentially taken, the sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% is placed in a three-mouth flask, then the hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the three-mouth flask, the 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added while stirring and mixing are carried out under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely dripped, the stirring is continuously carried out for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, so as to obtain piranha liquid, the diatomite and the piranha liquid are placed in a single-mouth flask, then the single-mouth flask is placed in an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition of the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, filtering is carried out, so as to obtain a filter cake, then the ammonia water with the mass fraction of 30% is used for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, then the washed filter cake is placed in a freezing crusher for crushing, so as to obtain crushed material, then the crushed material is placed in a baking box, drying to constant weight at 110 deg.C to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) sequentially taking 3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution, putting the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then adding the cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, the pretreated diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) taking 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurii, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract in sequence, mixing the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract, placing the mixture in a fermentation kettle, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(4) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(5) taking 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea in sequence, placing the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone into a stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the rotation speed of 1000r/min, adding the diglyceride into the stirrer for mixing, adding the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the sodium methyl silicate, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea into the stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotation speed of 1200r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(6) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) is as follows: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Example 6
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the volume parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of sulfuric acid and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide are sequentially taken, the sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% is placed in a three-mouth flask, then the hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the three-mouth flask, the 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added while stirring and mixing are carried out under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, after the 30% hydrogen peroxide is completely dripped, the stirring is continuously carried out for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 800r/min, so as to obtain piranha liquid, the diatomite and the piranha liquid are placed in a single-mouth flask, then the single-mouth flask is placed in an ultrasonic disperser, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 60min under the condition of the ultrasonic frequency of 70kHz, filtering is carried out, so as to obtain a filter cake, then the ammonia water with the mass fraction of 30% is used for washing until the washing liquid is neutral, then the washed filter cake is placed in a freezing crusher for crushing, so as to obtain crushed material, then the crushed material is placed in a baking box, drying to constant weight at 110 deg.C to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) sequentially taking 3 parts of pretreated diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution, putting the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% into a mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then adding the cellulose into the mixer, stirring and mixing for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a cellulose stock solution, mixing the cellulose stock solution, the pretreated diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution, defoaming and spinning to obtain modified fibers;
(3) taking 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurii, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract in sequence, mixing the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract, placing the mixture in a fermentation kettle, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, and filtering to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(4) taking 2 parts by weight of gelatin, 0.03 part by weight of gelatinase and 120 parts by weight of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, heating to 80 ℃ after constant temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, and inactivating the enzyme to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(5) taking 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea in sequence, placing the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone into a stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min, then adding the diglyceride into the stirrer for mixing, then adding the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea into the stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(6) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (2) is as follows: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Comparative example
The impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the waterproof layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of diglyceride, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea.
The processing technology of the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket comprises the following processing procedures:
(1) according to the weight parts, 3 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution are sequentially taken, the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% are placed in a mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then the cellulose is added into the mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain cellulose stock solution, and the cellulose stock solution, the diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution are mixed, defoamed and spun to obtain modified fibers;
(2) taking 2 parts of gelatin, 0.03 part of gelatinase and 120 parts of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, and heating to 80 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme after constant-temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(3) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of diglyceride, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin liquid and 5 parts of urea are taken in sequence, the diglyceride is added into a stirrer for mixing, then the modified fiber, the zeolite, the pretreated gelatin liquid and the urea are added into the stirrer, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min, so as to obtain a waterproof layer;
(4) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(5) and (6) detecting.
The preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (1) comprises the following steps: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
Table 1: performance test meter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As can be seen from table 1: compared with the comparative example, in the preparation process of the invention, the diatomite is treated by the piranha liquid, so that acid-soluble substances in the system are effectively removed, meanwhile, the diatomite is easy to crush, and then, the obtained diatomite reaches the micro-nano level through freezing and crushing, the micro-nano level diatomite has good dispersion performance, the density of the system is improved, and the anti-permeability performance of the product is further improved; through comparison of examples 1, 4, 5 and 6, the invention is characterized in that pretreatment zeolite, zinc polyacrylate resin, methyltrimethoxysilane and sodium methyl silicate are added, during the use process, firstly, ion exchange is carried out between the zinc polyacrylate resin in the system and sodium ions dissolved out from sodium bentonite, sodium polyacrylate obtained by ion exchange is dissolved in water, part of the zinc polyacrylate resin falls off, the exchanged zinc ions are combined with carbonate ions to generate zinc carbonate, and the fallen zinc polyacrylate resin can adsorb the zinc carbonate to block gaps along with the water flow permeation direction, so that the leakage repairing effect is achieved during the use process, and the product can achieve the long-acting anti-permeability effect; secondly, methyl trimethoxy silane is hydrolyzed to form silicon hydroxyl, the silicon hydroxyl can be subjected to dehydration condensation with the silicon hydroxyl on the surface of the sodium bentonite particles to form silicon-oxygen bonds, and the organic end can play a good hydrophobic role, so that a good waterproof role is played; and thirdly, silicon hydroxyl in the molecular structure of the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane are subjected to dehydration condensation to form a silicon oxygen bond, and the sodium methylsilicate and the methyltrimethoxysilane can react with the silicon hydroxyl in the sodium bentonite for dehydration, so that an 'inverse capillary effect' is realized to form a hydrophobic layer, and the micro-expansion effect is realized, so that the compactness of the system can be promoted, and the impermeability of the system can be further promoted.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (1)

1. A processing technology of an impervious bentonite waterproof blanket is characterized in that: the processing process is as follows:
(1) according to the weight parts, 3 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of cellulose, 6 parts of urea, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 20 parts of modified sodium alginate solution are sequentially taken, the urea and the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% are placed in a mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then the cellulose is added into the mixer, stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain cellulose stock solution, and the cellulose stock solution, the diatomite and the modified sodium alginate solution are mixed, defoamed and spun to obtain modified fibers;
(2) according to the weight parts, 20 parts of zeolite, 0.2 part of bacillus pasteurianus, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 30 parts of water and 2 parts of beef extract are taken in sequence, the zeolite, the bacillus pasteurianus, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the beef extract are mixed and placed in a fermentation kettle, and after mixed fermentation is carried out for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200r/min, filtration is carried out to obtain pretreated zeolite;
(3) taking 2 parts by weight of gelatin, 0.03 part by weight of gelatinase and 120 parts by weight of water in sequence, placing the gelatin and the water in a No. 1 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 1 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 30 ℃, then adding the gelatinase into the No. 1 beaker, heating to 80 ℃ after constant temperature treatment for 60 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, and inactivating the enzyme to obtain a pretreated gelatin solution;
(4) taking 20 parts of modified fiber, 10 parts of pretreated zeolite, 10 parts of zinc polyacrylate resin, 20 parts of acetone, 3 parts of diglyceride, 8 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 60 parts of pretreated gelatin solution and 5 parts of urea in sequence, placing the zinc polyacrylate resin and the acetone in a stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min, adding the diglyceride into the stirrer for mixing, adding the modified fiber, the pretreated zeolite, the methyltrimethoxysilane, the sodium methylsilicate, the pretreated gelatin solution and the urea into the stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1200r/min to obtain a waterproof layer;
(5) paving a woven fabric layer, a waterproof layer, a bentonite layer, a waterproof layer and a non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, fixing by needling, and spraying a calcium chloride solution to obtain the impervious bentonite waterproof blanket;
(6) detecting;
the preparation process of the modified sodium alginate solution in the step (1) comprises the following steps: taking 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.2 part of sodium periodate and 100 parts of water in sequence, placing the sodium alginate and the water in a No. 2 beaker, standing and swelling for 5 hours, placing the No. 2 beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant temperature magnetic stirrer, stirring and dissolving for 60 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min, then adding the sodium periodate, and stirring and reacting for 460 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the modified sodium alginate liquid.
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