CN111995473A - Instant chelated liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an instant chelating liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving fulvic acid in water with the mass of 3-5 times, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.4-5.8, stirring and adding metal salt containing trace elements at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and reacting for 60-90 min to obtain a transparent solution, namely fulvic acid trace element chelate; mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate and fulvic acid, adding water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; mixing the fulvic acid microelement chelate solution and the filtrate to obtain the instant chelate liquid fertilizer. The chelated liquid fertilizer firstly takes fulvic acid as a chelating agent to form a chelate with trace elements, and is further compounded with other nutrient components, the fulvic acid coexists in the liquid fertilizer in a free state and a chelated state, so that the absorption of the trace elements by plants is promoted, other components are promoted to be solubilized and synergized, a new compound system is formed through the effects of physical and chemical adsorption and the like with the free fulvic acid, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged.

Description

Instant chelated liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer preparation and application, and particularly relates to an instant chelated liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In general, the solution to the problem of high yield of crops is to increase the application amount of fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements. However, practice proves that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element fertilizer plays a very critical role in increasing the yield and income of crops, but the role is limited, and with the increasing application amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element fertilizer, the proportion of increasing the yield and income of the crops is smaller and smaller, and even stagnation or negative growth occurs. Researches show that after crops reach a certain high yield range, the sensitivity of the crops to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is greatly reduced, but the crops are rather sensitive to certain trace elements, such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, calcium and the like, and different crops have different sensitivities to the trace elements and different requirements on the trace elements. In addition, various nutrient components still need to be continuously supplemented in the middle and later growth stages of crops such as wheat and rice. The nutrient supplement from the roots by means of macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is then less likely, and the crop demand for macroelements is then also reduced. However, the crop needs more and more beneficial to trace elements such as zinc, iron and the like and nutrient components capable of being absorbed and converted quickly, and the trace elements are composition components of various enzymes in the crop body and have important effects on promoting the normal growth and development of the crop, improving the disease resistance, increasing the yield and improving the quality. These substances, although not in large quantities for growing crops, play a critical role in enhancing the crop's stress tolerance and increasing both production and income.

Numerous studies have found that crops are sensitive only to trace elements in the free or chelated state. The trace elements are not lacked in the soil in many places, but the trace elements cannot be absorbed and utilized by crops due to the existence of water-insoluble compounds. Soluble trace element salt substances are added in soil to supplement the requirements of crops on trace elements, however, trace elements artificially added in the soil are quickly converted into substances which cannot be dissolved in water, the utilization rate of crops is very limited, therefore, most of the trace elements in the soil are in an invalid state which is difficult to be absorbed by plants, and the trace element fertilizer applied to the soil is easily fixed by the soil. Therefore, scientists begin to research the foliage spraying of crops with free trace element water solution, and as a result, the test effect is good. Therefore, the leaf fertilizer containing amino acid and trace elements, which is used by people today, basically adopts the mode.

With the development of scientific technology, water-fertilizer integrated water-saving agriculture is continuously advocated, most of water-soluble fertilizers produced in China at present are inorganic water-soluble fertilizers, and organic water-soluble fertilizers are relatively deficient; the inorganic water-soluble fertilizer contains a large amount of inorganic elements, and can cause soil hardening after long-term use, thereby bringing great influence to agricultural production; therefore, the production of effective organic water soluble fertilizers has become an overwhelming trend in the agricultural field. The amino acid chelate fertilizer can increase the absorption effect of the water-soluble fertilizer to a certain extent, but the amino acid has small molecular weight and limited chelating capacity, so that the prepared water-soluble fertilizer often has precipitation, has short lasting period and needs to be regularly sprayed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an instant chelating liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of trace element deficiency, poor chelating effect of amino acid chelating liquid fertilizer, easy occurrence of precipitation and short lasting period in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an instant chelated liquid fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of fulvic acid and 20-35 parts of fulvic acid microelement chelate formed by metal salt containing microelements, 20-30 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 30-40 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of calcium chloride, 7-10 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20-30 parts of fulvic acid and 300 parts of water 240-containing materials.

Further, the fulvic acid microelement chelate is more than one of fulvic acid-iron, fulvic acid-manganese, fulvic acid-zinc, fulvic acid-molybdenum, fulvic acid-boron and fulvic acid-copper.

Further, the preparation method of the fulvic acid microelement chelate comprises the following steps: dissolving fulvic acid in water, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.4-5.8, stirring and adding metal salt containing trace elements at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and reacting for 60-90 min to obtain a transparent solution, namely the fulvic acid trace element chelate.

Further, the mass ratio of the fulvic acid to the water is 1: 1-3.

The preparation method of the instant chelating liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of:

(1) dissolving fulvic acid in water with the mass of 3-5 times, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.4-5.8, stirring and adding metal salt containing trace elements at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and reacting for 60-90 min to obtain a transparent solution, namely fulvic acid trace element chelate;

(2) mixing urea diammonium phosphate dipotassium phosphate calcium chloride anhydrous magnesium sulfate fulvic acid, adding water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

(3) and (3) mixing the fulvic acid trace element chelate solution obtained in the step (1) with the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the instant chelated liquid fertilizer.

The fulvic acid and trace elements such as iron and zinc can generate chelating reaction to generate fulvic acid trace element chelating agent with good solubility and easy absorption by plants, and the fulvic acid and trace elements such as iron and zinc can generate chelating reaction to generate fulvic acid trace element chelate with good solubility and easy absorption by plants, thereby effectively solving the problem of leaf yellowing caused by iron deficiency.

Advantageous effects

1. The fulvic acid in the patent can be used as a surfactant to be compounded with other components (nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer) in the fertilizer, the synergy can be realized through emulsification, dispersion and solubilization, the use efficiency of the fertilizer is improved, and the fulvic acid in a non-complex state and chelated trace elements and other effective components mutually generate the effects of ion exchange, physical and chemical adsorption and the like to form a new organic composite system, so that the volatilization of the effective components is prevented, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged;

2. the fulvic acid chelates trace elements form fulvic acid chelates which have strong mobility and are easily absorbed by crops, and the fulvic acid chelates are transmitted to the nutrient deficiency parts of the crops, so that the nutrient deficiency is effectively solved. Such as fulvic acid-Zn, fulvic acid-Mn, fulvic acid-Fe and the like, is beneficial to the absorption of plant leaf surfaces;

3. the fulvic acid is sprayed to plant leaves, so that stomata of plants can be closed, water transpiration of the plants is reduced, and the purpose of drought resistance is achieved.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the following examples, but it will be understood that the description is intended to illustrate the features and advantages of the invention further, and not to limit the invention.

The parts described in the following examples are parts by weight.

Example 1

(1) Dissolving 20 parts of fulvic acid in 5 times of water by mass, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 5.0-5.2, stirring at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and adding 5 parts of CuSO₄.5H₂O, 8 parts of FeCl₃.3H₂O, 5 parts of ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 2 parts of potassium molybdate and 4 parts of MnSO₄·H₂O, reacting for 60min to obtain a transparent solution, namely the fulvic acid microelement chelate;

(2) mixing 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 40 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 8 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 25 parts of fulvic acid, adding 140 parts of water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

(3) and (3) mixing the fulvic acid trace element chelate solution obtained in the step (1) with the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the instant chelated liquid fertilizer.

Example 2

(1) Dissolving 30 parts of fulvic acid in 4 times of water by mass, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.8-5.0, stirring at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and adding 6 parts of CuSO₄.5H₂O, 10 parts of FeCl₃.3H₂O, 8 parts of ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 4 parts of MnSO₄·H₂O, reacting for 80min to obtain a transparent solution, namely the fulvic acid microelement chelate;

(2) mixing 25 parts of urea, 25 parts of diammonium phosphate, 35 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of calcium chloride, 7 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 25 parts of fulvic acid, adding 150 parts of water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

(3) and (3) mixing the fulvic acid trace element chelate solution obtained in the step (1) with the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the instant chelated liquid fertilizer.

Example 3

(1) Dissolving 35 parts of fulvic acid in 5 times of water by mass, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.9-5.2, stirring at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and adding 3 parts of CuSO₄.5H₂O, 12 parts of FeCl₃.3H₂O, 6 parts of ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 3 parts of potassium molybdate and 6 parts of MnSO₄·H₂O, reacting for 90min to obtain a transparent solution, namely the fulvic acid microelement chelate;

(2) mixing 20 parts of urea, 30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 30 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 20 parts of fulvic acid, adding 120 parts of water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

(3) and (3) mixing the fulvic acid trace element chelate solution obtained in the step (1) with the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the instant chelated liquid fertilizer.

Claims (5)

1. The instant chelated liquid fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of fulvic acid and 20-35 parts of fulvic acid microelement chelate formed by metal salt containing microelements, 20-30 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of diammonium phosphate, 30-40 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of calcium chloride, 7-10 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20-30 parts of fulvic acid and 300 parts of water 240-containing materials.

2. The instant chelated liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fulvic acid microelement chelate is one or more of fulvic acid-iron, fulvic acid-manganese, fulvic acid-zinc, fulvic acid-molybdenum, fulvic acid-boron, and fulvic acid-copper.

3. The instant chelated liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fulvic acid microelement chelate is prepared by the following steps: dissolving fulvic acid in water, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.4-5.8, stirring and adding metal salt containing trace elements at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and reacting for 60-90 min to obtain a transparent solution, namely the fulvic acid trace element chelate.

4. The instant chelated liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of fulvic acid to water is 1: 1-3.

5. A method of preparing the instant chelated liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) dissolving fulvic acid in water with the mass of 3-5 times, controlling the pH value of the solution to be 4.4-5.8, stirring and adding metal salt containing trace elements at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and reacting for 60-90 min to obtain a transparent solution, namely fulvic acid trace element chelate;

(2) mixing urea diammonium phosphate dipotassium phosphate calcium chloride anhydrous magnesium sulfate fulvic acid, adding water for dissolving, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

(3) and (3) mixing the fulvic acid trace element chelate solution obtained in the step (1) with the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the instant chelated liquid fertilizer.