CN111983193A - High ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device - Google Patents
High ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-ground-temperature surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The utility model provides a high ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device, includes: the system comprises a stratum simulation system, a tunnel structure simulation system, a high-ground-temperature simulation system and a data acquisition system; a surrounding rock simulation layer is arranged between the stratum simulation system and the tunnel structure simulation system, the high-ground-temperature simulation system provides heat for the stratum simulation system, the heat is transferred to the tunnel structure simulation system through the surrounding rock simulation layer, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring heat data in the surrounding rock simulation layer and the tunnel structure simulation system. The device can simulate a high-ground-temperature stratum and a high-ground-temperature tunnel, so that surrounding rock thermodynamic characteristics and heat transfer tests can be performed on the high-ground-temperature tunnel, and meanwhile, a surrounding rock simulation layer is uniformly and stably heated in a sand bath heating mode, so that a surrounding rock temperature field strictly meets the axisymmetric condition, and the test accuracy and scientificity are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a high-ground-temperature surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device.
Background
The western regions have higher altitude, rich high-temperature hydrothermal activity zones and more geothermal abnormal regions, and tunnel projects crossing the high-temperature regions are bound to emerge in large quantities along with the development of infrastructure construction of the western traffic engineering, particularly the construction of Sichuan-Tibet railways.
The adverse effect of high ground temperature on the construction of tunnel engineering is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) affecting the mechanical properties of concrete. High temperature makes the early intensity of concrete obtain promoting, but can lead to inner structure uncompacted, causes lining cutting structure mechanical properties to reduce, and the temperature difference in country rock and tunnel operation space also can aggravate lining cutting structure degradation, endangers lining cutting structure safety in utilization for a long time. (2) Affecting the bonding of the lining structure and the surrounding rock. Due to the temperature difference, the contact part of the primary support sprayed concrete and the secondary lining generates larger temperature stress, and the bonding of the primary support and the surrounding rock is damaged. When the second liner is applied, the primary concrete absorbs the temperature transmitted by the surrounding rock, and the bonding of the primary and second liners is also affected. (3) Affecting the health of constructors. The high temperature can lead to the increase of the perspiration amount of constructors and even to the occurrence of heatstroke, dehydration and the like. This is very disadvantageous to the health and working conditions of the constructors. (4) Affecting the mechanical performance of construction. The high-temperature environment causes the heat dissipation of the construction machinery to be unsatisfactory, and the service performance and the service life of the construction machinery are influenced. In severe cases, the temperature of the machine is exceeded, and the machine is damaged.
The high ground temperature environment can bring great adverse effect to the tunnel construction and operation, probably leads to tunnel structure destruction, causes life and property loss. Therefore, basic problems for building tunnels in high-ground-temperature environments, such as: the development of system researches such as underground water movement heat carrying and surrounding rock heat transfer characteristics, tunnel heat insulation layer type and parameter optimization, influence of underground water on tunnel heat insulation, ventilation optimization of high-ground-temperature tunnels and the like has very important practical significance and application value, and the research on the test device which is simple in structure and can simultaneously simulate the hydrothermal environment of the high-ground-temperature tunnels is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-ground-temperature surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device to simulate a high-ground-temperature environment to perform system experiment and research on a high-ground-temperature tunnel.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a high ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device, includes: the system comprises a stratum simulation system, a tunnel structure simulation system, a high-ground-temperature simulation system and a data acquisition system;
the stratum simulation system comprises a ground temperature generation cylinder, and a heat insulation base and a heat insulation top cover which are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the ground temperature generation cylinder; the ground temperature generating cylinder is provided with a heat insulation outer layer and a heat conduction inner layer, and a filling layer is arranged between the heat insulation outer layer and the heat conduction inner layer;
the tunnel structure simulation system is arranged in the geothermal generating cylinder, and a surrounding rock simulation layer is arranged between the tunnel structure simulation system and the heat conduction inner layer;
the high ground temperature simulation system comprises a power supply and a resistance wire grid electrically connected with the power supply, and the resistance wire grid is embedded in the filling layer;
and the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the surrounding rock simulation layer and the tunnel structure simulation system.
According to the invention, heat is generated through the resistance wire grid, the heat is sequentially transferred from the filling layer (formed by filling fine sand or other granular materials) and the heat conduction inner layer to the surrounding rock simulation layer to simulate the high-ground-temperature stratum, the heat is transferred from the surrounding rock simulation layer to the tunnel structure simulation system to simulate the high-ground-temperature tunnel, so that surrounding rock thermodynamic characteristics and heat transfer tests can be carried out on the high-ground-temperature tunnel, the resistance wire grid in the filling layer heats the surrounding rock simulation layer in a sand bath mode, the surrounding rock temperature field is ensured to strictly meet the axial symmetry condition, and the precision and the scientificity of the test are improved.
Further, the tunnel structure simulation system comprises a primary support and a secondary lining which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the tunnel structure simulation system further comprises a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining or arranged on the inner side of the secondary lining.
According to the invention, the heat insulation layer is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining or on the inner side of the secondary lining, and the tunnel heat insulation layer arrangement type and material optimization test can be carried out by changing the position of the heat insulation layer, the material of the heat insulation layer or the thickness of the heat insulation layer.
Further, the data acquisition system comprises a heat flux plate, a plurality of first temperature sensors and a plurality of second temperature sensors which are respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition calculator; the heat flux plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat conduction inner layer, and the surrounding rock simulation layer is arranged between the heat flux plate and the tunnel structure simulation system; the first temperature sensor is buried in the surrounding rock simulation layer, and the second temperature sensor is arranged on the primary support, the secondary lining and the heat insulation layer.
Further, the device also comprises a seepage simulation system; the seepage flow simulation system comprises: water delivery device and water pipe subassembly, water pipe subassembly and country rock simulation layer intercommunication.
The water flow is provided by the water delivery device and the water pipe assembly and enters the surrounding rock simulation layer in a seepage mode, so that the movement of underground water is simulated and the test for simulating the influence of underground water movement on the surrounding rock temperature field and the tunnel heat insulation is carried out.
Further, the water pipe assembly comprises a main pipe, a plurality of radial water supply pipes and a plurality of vertical seepage pipes; the main pipe is communicated with the water delivery device; all the radial water pipes are positioned on the same plane and arranged in the heat insulation base, all the radial water feeding pipes form a distribution circle, all the radial water feeding pipes are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the distribution circle, one end of each radial water feeding pipe is close to the center of the distribution circle and is communicated with the main pipe, and the other end of each radial water feeding pipe is communicated with the vertical seepage pipe; the side wall of the vertical seepage pipe is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the vertical seepage pipe is close to the heat conduction inner layer.
The water delivery device of the invention delivers water flow to the main pipe, the main pipe delivers the water flow to the radial water delivery pipe and the vertical seepage pipe, the water flow seeps into the surrounding rock simulation layer through the vertical seepage pipe, the flow and the speed of the water flow flowing into the vertical seepage pipe are uniform and consistent through the arrangement form of the radial water delivery pipe, the uniformity of water seepage is ensured, meanwhile, the vertical seepage pipe seeps into the tunnel structure simulation system from the position close to the heat conduction inner layer, the seepage close to the tunnel structure simulation system is closer to the actual groundwater seepage through the remote seepage, and the test accuracy is improved.
Furthermore, the water delivery device is provided with a temperature control system for adjusting the water temperature, and the main pipe is provided with a flow controller.
The temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of water flow, avoiding heat loss caused by the water flow, and simultaneously simulating the test of influence of underground water movement carrying heat on surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel heat insulation.
Furthermore, the primary support is provided with a water permeable hole communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the primary support, and a water permeable layer is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining.
The permeable holes and the permeable layers can guide seepage to the position between the primary support and the secondary lining, match the state of underground water seepage between the primary support and the secondary lining of the actual tunnel, and deeply research the basic scientific problems such as the influence of the underground water seepage on the tunnel heat insulation through experiments.
Furthermore, the data acquisition system also comprises a plurality of flow velocity sensors and a plurality of flow sensors which are embedded in the surrounding rock simulation layer, and the flow velocity sensors and the flow sensors are respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition calculator; a plurality of first temperature sensor, a plurality of velocity of flow sensor and a plurality of flow sensor set up along the radial even interval on country rock simulation layer respectively to three kinds of sensor ring interval 60 set up.
The first sensor, the flow velocity sensor and the flow sensor are all buried in the surrounding rock simulation layer, so that the influence of a boundary effect can be reduced, the sensors are uniformly arranged at intervals, and errors caused by uneven manufacturing of a tunnel structure simulation system are avoided.
Further, the formation simulation system further comprises a mesh screen arranged in the ground temperature generation cylinder, the mesh screen is connected with the heat insulation base, and the tunnel structure simulation system is arranged in the mesh screen and is in contact with the mesh screen.
The mesh screen is used for isolating the tunnel structure simulation system from the surrounding rock simulation layer, does not influence the transfer of heat or media between the surrounding rock simulation layer and the tunnel structure simulation system, can also avoid the surrounding rock simulation layer from collapsing at a position close to the tunnel structure simulation system, and is convenient for replacing different types of tunnels, such as replacing the tunnel with a heat insulation layer between a primary support and a secondary lining, or replacing the tunnel with the heat insulation layer at the inner side of the secondary lining, or replacing the tunnel with the heat insulation layer made of different materials.
Further, the high ground temperature simulation system also comprises a temperature controller connected with the resistance wire grid.
The temperature controller is used for controlling the heat generated by the resistance wire grid, so that surrounding rock thermodynamic characteristics and heat transfer tests can be performed on different geothermal tunnels.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the device can simulate a high-ground-temperature stratum and a high-ground-temperature tunnel, so that surrounding rock thermodynamic characteristics and heat transfer tests can be performed on the high-ground-temperature tunnel, and meanwhile, a surrounding rock simulation layer is uniformly and stably heated in a sand bath heating mode, so that a surrounding rock temperature field strictly meets the axisymmetric condition, and the test accuracy and scientificity are improved.
(2) The invention can also carry out tunnel heat-insulating layer arrangement type and material optimization tests, tests of influence of underground water movement heat carrying on surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel heat insulation and the like.
(3) The test device is economical and practical, can carry out a plurality of tests, has high test precision and higher operability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the geothermal energy generating cylinder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a screen print of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel structure simulation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the primary support of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the water tube assembly of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the vertical seepage pipe of the present invention.
In the figure: 11-a geothermal generating cylinder; 12-a thermally insulating base; 13-a thermally insulating top cover; 14-an outer thermally insulating layer; 15-thermally conductive inner layer; 16-a filler layer; 17-mesh screen; 20-tunnel structure simulation system; 21-primary support; 22-a water permeable layer; 23-secondary lining; 24-a thermally insulating layer; 31-a grid of resistance wires; 40-surrounding rock simulation layer; 51-heat flux plate; 52-a first temperature sensor; 52-a second temperature sensor; 53-a second temperature sensor; 54-a flow rate sensor; 55-a flow sensor; 60-a water tube assembly; 61-main tube; 62-radial water supply pipe; 63-vertical seepage pipe; 64-annular water supply pipe.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
The utility model provides a high ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device, includes: a formation simulation system, a tunnel structure simulation system 20, a high ground temperature simulation system, a data acquisition system, and a seepage simulation system. Tunnel structure analog system 20 sets up in the stratum analog system, provides the heat through high ground temperature analog system, and the heat transmits tunnel structure analog system 20 from the stratum analog system, and seepage flow system simulation groundwater flow condition gathers temperature, flow, velocity of flow etc. through data acquisition system to can accomplish country rock thermodynamic characteristic and heat transfer experiment, tunnel insulating layer layout pattern and material optimization experiment, groundwater motion take heat to country rock temperature field and tunnel thermal-insulated influence experiment etc..
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the formation simulation system includes a geothermal generating cylinder 11, a heat insulating base 12 and a heat insulating top cover 13 respectively disposed at the bottom end and the top end of the geothermal generating cylinder 11. The ground temperature generating cylinder 11 includes a heat insulating outer layer 14 made of a heat insulating material and a heat conductive inner layer 15 made of a heat conductive material, the heat insulating outer layer 14 prevents heat from being emitted to the outside of the ground temperature generating cylinder 11, and the heat conductive inner layer 15 serves to guide heat to the inside of the ground temperature generating cylinder 11. The outer insulating layer 14 and the inner heat-conducting layer 15 have a gap between them, in which gap a filling layer 16 is arranged. The heat insulation base 12 and the heat insulation top cover 13 are both made of heat insulation materials, the heat insulation top cover 13 is detachably connected with the ground temperature generation cylinder 11, and in the embodiment, the heat insulation top cover 13 directly covers the top of the ground temperature generation cylinder 11.
The inside of the earth temperature generating cylinder 11 is provided with a mesh screen 17 in a cylindrical shape and disposed coaxially with the earth temperature generating cylinder 11, a tunnel structure simulation system 20 is disposed in the mesh screen 17, and the mesh screen 17 is in contact with the tunnel structure simulation system 20. And a surrounding rock simulation layer 40 is arranged between the mesh screen 17 and the heat conduction inner layer 15 and is used for simulating surrounding rocks of the tunnel. Heat is transferred from the heat-conducting inner layer 15 to the surrounding rock simulation layer 40 and then transferred to the tunnel structure simulation system 20, the existence of the mesh screen 17 does not prevent the heat transfer, and a placing space is formed, so that the tunnel structure simulation system 20 of different types can be replaced conveniently.
In this embodiment, the heat insulation top cover 13 may be provided with a ventilation hole corresponding to the tunnel structure simulation system 20 for performing a ventilation optimization test of the high-ground-temperature tunnel; the filling layer 16 and the surrounding rock simulation layer 40 are formed by filling river sand, so that the surrounding rock simulation layer can be heated in a sand bath mode, the tunnel structure simulation system 20 can be stably and uniformly heated, the surrounding rock temperature field can strictly meet the axial symmetry condition, and the test accuracy and scientificity are improved. In other embodiments of the present invention, the infill layer 16 and the surrounding rock simulation layer 40 may also be filled with particulate material having material properties similar to the actual surrounding rock material, such as rock fragments and the like.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the tunnel structure simulation system 20 includes a preliminary bracing 21, a permeable layer 22, a heat insulating layer 24, and a secondary lining 23, which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The primary support 21 is in contact with the mesh screen 17 to ensure effective and stable heat transfer, a plurality of water permeable holes (shown in figure 7) are formed in the side wall of the primary support 21, two ends of each water permeable hole are respectively communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the primary support 21 and used for guiding simulated underground water to the inner side of the primary support 21, simulating movement of the underground water and simulating the test of influence of the movement of the underground water on a surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel heat insulation. The permeable layer 22 is made of geotextile.
The hole and the permeable bed 22 of permeating water that set up in this embodiment can simulate groundwater motion and insulate against heat the influence experiment to country rock temperature field and tunnel, if need not simulate groundwater motion and insulate against heat the influence experiment to country rock temperature field and tunnel, then need not set up hole and permeable bed 22 of permeating water. Because the tunnel structure simulation system can be taken out of the mesh screen 17, different types of tunnels can be replaced, such as a tunnel with a heat insulation layer between the primary support and the secondary lining 23, a tunnel with a heat insulation layer 24 on the inner side of the secondary lining 23, a tunnel with a heat insulation layer 24 made of different materials, or a tunnel without a test for simulating the influence of underground water movement on surrounding rock temperature fields and tunnel heat insulation.
The high ground temperature simulation system comprises a power supply, a resistance wire grid 31 and a temperature controller. The resistance wire grid 31 is connected with a power supply and embedded in the filling layer 16, heat generated by the resistance wire grid 31 is transferred to the filling layer 16, the filling layer 16 transfers the heat to the heat-conducting inner layer 15 and the surrounding rock simulation layer 40 in a sand bath mode, and heat transfer is more uniform. The temperature controller is electrically connected with the resistance wire grid 31, and the heat generated by the resistance wire grid 31 is controlled through the temperature controller, so that the ground temperature with different temperatures can be simulated.
The data acquisition system includes a heat flux plate 51, a plurality of first temperature sensors 52, a plurality of second temperature sensors 53, a plurality of flow rate sensors 54, and a plurality of flow sensors 55, each in communication with a data acquisition calculator. The heat flux plate 51 is located inside the heat conductive inner layer 15 and buried in the surrounding rock simulation layer 40. A plurality of first temperature sensor 52, a plurality of velocity of flow sensor 54 and a plurality of flow sensor 55 are all buried underground in country rock analog layer 40, specifically bury the position underground and be the middle part position of country rock analog layer 40 on vertical side, a plurality of first temperature sensor 52 are a style of calligraphy interval arrangement, and along the radial setting of country rock analog layer 40, a plurality of velocity of flow sensor 54 also are a style of calligraphy interval arrangement, and along the radial setting of country rock analog layer 40, a plurality of flow sensor 55 also are a style of calligraphy interval arrangement, and along the radial setting of country rock analog layer 40, these three kinds of sensor hoop interval 60 settings simultaneously. The second temperature sensors 53 are arranged on the primary support 21, the secondary lining 23 and the heat insulation layer 24, and the second temperature sensors 53 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel structure simulation system 20 at uniform intervals, so that errors caused by uneven manufacturing of the tunnel structure simulation system 20 are avoided.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the seepage simulation system includes a water delivery device and a water pipe assembly 60. The water delivery device is provided with a temperature control system for adjusting the water temperature. The water pipe assembly 60 includes a main pipe 61, a plurality of radial water supply pipes 62, and a plurality of vertical seepage pipes 63, and the radial water supply pipes 62 and the vertical seepage pipes 63 are communicated one-to-one. The main pipe 61 communicates with the water delivery device and is provided with a flow controller. The radial water supply pipes 62 are embedded in the heat insulation base 12, all the radial water supply pipes 62 are located on the same plane and are arranged along the radial direction of the heat insulation base 12, so that all the radial water supply pipes 62 form a distribution circle, namely all the radial water supply pipes 62 are arranged along the radial direction of the distribution circle at intervals, one ends of the radial water supply pipes 62 are close to the circle center of the distribution circle and are communicated with the main pipe 61, and the other ends of the radial water supply pipes 62 are respectively communicated with the corresponding vertical seepage pipes 63. The side wall of the vertical seepage pipe 63 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the vertical seepage pipe 63 is close to the heat conduction inner layer 15, so that water flow can permeate from the outer side to the inner side of the surrounding rock simulation layer 40.
In other embodiments of the invention, the water tube assembly 60 further comprises an annular water supply tube 64, and the position where the radial water supply tube 62 communicates with the vertical seepage tube 63 further communicates with the annular water supply tube 64.
(1) Test of thermodynamic property and heat transfer of surrounding rock
The tunnel structure simulation system 20 is manufactured according to the experimental requirement, the manufactured tunnel structure simulation system 20 is placed in the mesh screen 17, and the tunnel structure simulation system 20 is fixed with the heat insulation base 12 through the friction force. A surrounding rock material is filled between the mesh screen 17 and the heat flux plate 51 (which can be filled in layers to meet the uniformity of the surrounding rock material and facilitate the embedding of corresponding sensors), so as to form a surrounding rock simulation layer 40, and the heat insulation top cover 13 is covered after the surrounding rock simulation layer is uniformly compacted. After the sand bath temperature is set, the surrounding rock simulation layer 40 is uniformly heated, and the data acquisition system automatically acquires and records test data in the test process and can be used for analyzing the thermodynamic characteristics and the heat transfer rule of the surrounding rock.
(2) Tunnel thermal insulation layer arrangement type and material optimization test
According to the experimental requirements, the heat insulation layer 24 can be respectively arranged between the primary support 21 and the secondary lining 23 or on the inner side of the secondary lining 23, then the tunnel structure simulation system 20 is placed in the mesh screen 17, and the surrounding rock material (which can be filled in layers to meet the uniformity of the surrounding rock material and facilitate the embedding of corresponding sensors) and the sand bath temperature are set. And optimizing the arrangement form of the heat insulation layer 24 under specific working conditions according to the data recorded by the data acquisition system. The insulation layer 24 can be made of different materials, and the insulation layer material is optimized through the device.
(3) Test for influence of underground water movement heat carrying on surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel heat insulation
The tunnel structure simulation system 20 is placed in the mesh 17 and filled with the surrounding rock material (which may be filled in layers to meet the homogeneity of the surrounding rock material and facilitate the embedding of the corresponding sensors) and the setting of the sand bath temperature as required by the experiment. The temperature and the flow of the water flow are respectively controlled by a temperature control system and a flow controller. The test is carried out according to the design working conditions of two variables of water flow temperature and water flow speed, and the test for the influence of underground water seepage on the surrounding rock temperature field and tunnel heat insulation can be deeply researched.
(4) Ventilation optimization test for high-ground-temperature tunnel
According to the experimental requirement, a ventilation device is arranged at the upper part of the opening of the top cover, the tunnel structure simulation system 20 is placed in the mesh screen 17, and the surrounding rock material is filled (the surrounding rock material can be filled in layers so as to meet the uniformity of the surrounding rock material and be convenient for embedding a corresponding sensor) and the sand bath temperature is set. And adjusting the air supply amount and the air speed under the condition of ensuring that other conditions are not changed, and optimizing the ventilation of the high-ground-temperature tunnel according to the test data recorded by the data acquisition system.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a stratum simulation system, a tunnel structure simulation system (20), a high-ground-temperature simulation system and a data acquisition system;
the formation simulation system comprises a geothermal generating cylinder (11), and a heat insulation base (12) and a heat insulation top cover (13) which are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the geothermal generating cylinder (11); the geothermal energy generating cylinder (11) is provided with a heat insulation outer layer (14) and a heat conduction inner layer (15), and a filling layer (16) is arranged between the heat insulation outer layer (14) and the heat conduction inner layer (15);
the tunnel structure simulation system (20) is placed in the geothermal generating cylinder (11), and a surrounding rock simulation layer (40) is arranged between the tunnel structure simulation system (20) and the heat-conducting inner layer (15);
the high ground temperature simulation system comprises a power supply and a resistance wire grid (31) electrically connected with the power supply, wherein the resistance wire grid (31) is embedded in the filling layer (16);
the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the surrounding rock simulation layer (40) and the tunnel structure simulation system (20).
2. The high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel structure simulation system (20) comprises a primary support (21) and a secondary lining (23) which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside; the tunnel structure simulation system (20) further comprises a heat insulation layer (24), and the heat insulation layer (24) is arranged between the primary support (21) and the secondary lining (23) or is arranged on the inner side of the secondary lining (23).
3. The high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein the data acquisition system comprises a heat flux plate (51), a plurality of first temperature sensors (52) and a plurality of second temperature sensors (53) which are respectively in communication connection with a data acquisition calculator; the heat flux plate (51) is arranged inside the heat conducting inner layer (15), and the surrounding rock simulation layer (40) is arranged between the heat flux plate (51) and the tunnel structure simulation system (20); the first temperature sensor (52) is buried in the surrounding rock simulation layer (40), and the second temperature sensor (53) is provided on the preliminary bracing (21), the secondary lining (23), and the heat insulation layer (24).
4. The high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 3, further comprising a seepage simulation system; the seepage simulation system comprises: the water pipe assembly (60) is communicated with the surrounding rock simulation layer (40).
5. The high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 4, wherein the water pipe assembly (60) comprises a main pipe (61), a plurality of radial water supply pipes (62) and a plurality of vertical seepage pipes (63); the main pipe (61) is communicated with the water delivery device; all the radial water pipes (62) are positioned on the same plane and arranged in the heat insulation base (12), all the radial water feeding pipes (62) form a distribution circle, all the radial water feeding pipes (62) are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the distribution circle, one end of each radial water feeding pipe (62) is close to the center of the distribution circle and is communicated with the main pipe (61), and the other end of each radial water feeding pipe (62) is communicated with the vertical seepage pipe (63); the lateral wall of vertical seepage flow pipe (63) is equipped with a plurality of apertures, vertical seepage flow pipe (63) are close to heat conduction inlayer (15).
6. A high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 5, wherein the water delivery device is provided with a temperature control system for adjusting the water temperature, and the main pipe (61) is provided with a flow controller.
7. A high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 6, wherein the primary support (21) is provided with water permeable holes communicating the inside and the outside thereof, and a water permeable layer (22) is arranged between the primary support (21) and the secondary lining (23).
8. The high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 7, wherein the data acquisition system further comprises a plurality of flow velocity sensors (54) and a plurality of flow sensors (55) buried in the surrounding rock simulation layer (40), and the flow velocity sensors (54) and the flow sensors are respectively in communication connection with a data acquisition calculator; the plurality of first temperature sensors (52), the plurality of flow velocity sensors (54) and the plurality of flow sensors (55) are respectively arranged along the radial direction of the surrounding rock simulation layer (40) at uniform intervals, and the three sensors are arranged at intervals of 60 degrees in the circumferential direction.
9. A high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the formation simulation system further comprises a mesh screen (17) arranged in the geothermal generation cylinder (11), the mesh screen (17) is connected with the heat insulation base (12), and the tunnel structure simulation system (20) is arranged in the mesh screen (17) and is in contact with the mesh screen (17).
10. A high-geothermal surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the high-geothermal simulation system further comprises a temperature controller connected with the resistance wire grid (31).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114047016A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-02-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | High ground temperature surrounding rock tunnel structure simulation test device |
| CN117554412A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-02-13 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Multifunctional test device for simulating freezing process of tunnel drainage system in cold region |
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| CN117554412A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-02-13 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Multifunctional test device for simulating freezing process of tunnel drainage system in cold region |
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