CN106409124A - All-round tunnel excavation process simulation model - Google Patents
All-round tunnel excavation process simulation model Download PDFInfo
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- CN106409124A CN106409124A CN201611107830.XA CN201611107830A CN106409124A CN 106409124 A CN106409124 A CN 106409124A CN 201611107830 A CN201611107830 A CN 201611107830A CN 106409124 A CN106409124 A CN 106409124A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention relates to an all-round tunnel excavation process simulation model which comprises a rain simulation box, a simulation box and a water storage box from top to bottom. Both ends of the simulation box are connected with waterhead control boxes respectively. In the simulation box, buffer stable regions are arranged on both ends, and a simulation tunnel is arranged in a middle simulation region. The construction process of a tunnel is simulated. The simulation box simulates an external environment in the construction process. According to the all-round tunnel excavation process simulation model provided by the invention, the excavation process of the tunnel is fully simulated; the timbering lining process of the tunnel is simulated in the excavation process; and according to the actual situation in construction, the model is flexibly changed to adapt to different simulation conditions, such as different terrain, lithology, boundary conditions and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process, it is especially useful in solve gushing in tunnel excavation
Water yield prediction and the problem of external water pressure prognosis modelling.
Background technology
Tunnel Engineering, in former tunnel model, is typically all used for verifying the surrounding rock stability in tunnel, and all mainly transports
With classic pressure theory, prose style free from parallelism pressure theory and wide variety of theory of elastic mechanics, plasticity are theoretical now.Seldom logical
The site-models crossing reality go to verify the data such as pressure, water yield or the retention of excessive fluid mode in tunnel.
At present, the method for tunnel authentication mainly has three classes：Theoretical analysis, test analysis mathed, Method for Numerical.Theoretical point
Analysis method, is analyzed using corresponding wall rock condition.Test analysis mathed is divided into field experimentation and two kinds of lab simulation again.Wherein
In Situ is larger due to being affected by field engineering factor, and length experimental period, workload are big and accuracy is relatively low, in addition
The reasons such as field experimentation expense height, apply less in tunnel analysis, but the basic work such as source data collection must be with existing
Based on the experiment of field, the foundation for model provides corresponding basic data to support.
Development with numerical computation method reaches its maturity, such as Finite Element, boundary element method, scattered unit method etc., as
The software for calculation on basis emerges in multitude, such as ADINA, and the program such as NoLM, FINAL, uDEc, sAP, FLAC is all ripe by users
Know, these softwares and some support theories combine and are widely used in Tunnel Engineering.Numerical simulation study is in meter
It is born on the basis of calculation machine and the continuous development of test exploration engineering, through a series of evolutions, numerical simulation can be to multiple
Granitic Complex engineering problem carries out quantitative analyses.Actually solving geotechnical engineering problems with numerical computations and physical model has been
Engineering practice is confirmed, becomes engineering design Main Basiss.
At present, China's commonly used New Austrian Tunneling Method in tunnel construction, and in New Austrian Tunneling Method work progress it is crucial that position
Move and stress monitoring.After excavation, crustal stress release, the creep of rock stratum, country rock and its soil layer, not only can produce larger displacement, also
Larger stress can be produced in tunnel structure, or even produce the even more serious accidents such as landslide；Next to that mechanics is built and touching, calculates
Analysis, carries out information construction monitoring monitoring and stability assessment to tunnel.For ensureing the safety in constructing tunnel and quality, with
And the safety in operation, reliability, durability, road-ability etc., so the comprehensive research to tunnel, become tunnel
Build indispensable important step.
But in existing tunnel model, all can only be simply before the excavation of simulation tunnel or tunnel excavation knot
Operating mode after bundle, and it is unable to the produced problem in simulation tunnel work progress.Or univariate problem can only be simulated.?
In the case of this, we have deepened the research to tunnel model, and invented can full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process of construction mould
Type, can provide comprehensive data to support for construction.
Content of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process, emphasis
Ground water field situation of change in simulation tunnel digging process and Tunnel Seepage, can be completely in simulation tunnel digging process
Produced problem, can be pre- especially with regard to Tunnel Seepage according to the problem occurring during construction progress construction simulation
Survey and external water pressure prognosis modelling aspect.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
The model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process, includes rainfall simulation case, simulation box, water storage from top to bottom successively
Case；
Described rainfall simulation case is connected with water pump by the second water pipe；Second valve is provided with the second water pipe；Rainfall
Simulation box bottom is drilled base plate, and the downward seepage of drilled base plate forms simulated rainfall；Head control is installed inside rainfall simulation case
Device processed；
Described simulation box bottom is water proof base plate, and four the week side of boss walls are transparent material, is filled with simulation water-bearing layer in case
Implant；
Simulation box two ends connect head control chamber, the respectively first head control chamber and the second head control chamber respectively；Institute
The head control chamber stated is connected with water pump by water pipe respectively, and described water pump is arranged in storage tank, and water pipe is provided with
One valve；
Inside described simulation box, two ends respectively buffer stable region, and the first buffering stable region and the second buffering are steady respectively
Determine area；Between the buffering stable region at two ends and middle simulation region, apertured partition is installed；There is filling material described middle simulation region
Material；It is also equipped with simulation tunnel in simulation region in the middle of simulation box；
Also include pressure-measuring pipe group, pressure-measuring pipe group is divided into 4 row 6 to arrange, and is arranged within simulation box；In simulation box
Sensor is buried in packing material.
It is divided into two parts in described head control chamber, respectively experiment demand water header tank and recovery tank, test demand
Separated by the dividing plate of level altitude between water header tank and recovery tank, water can be crossed dividing plate and flow to backwater from experiment demand water header tank
Case, described experiment demand water header tank is connected with water pipe, and described recovery tank is connected with storage tank by conduit；Described experiment
Demand water header tank passes through the second conduit and enters simulation box；Described head control chamber is arranged on simulation box by elevation and subsidence regulating device
Two ends.
Described simulation tunnel includes the network structure pipe of outermost high water-permeability, network structure pipe penetration model case；
The impermeable jacket pipe that network structure pipe end is shut inserts from network structure pipe rear end, and the end that impermeable jacket pipe is shut represents tunnel
Road face；A series of sleeve combination of network structure pipe front end insertion difference infiltration coefficient, including fluid-tight innermost layer
Inner tube, simulates the waterproof inside lining built up, and is cased with middle pipe outside inner tube, and middle pipe die is intended different water penetrations and constructed with porosity
Situation.
Simulation tunnel is a series of conduit composition that water permeabilities do not wait, by the extraction of conduit and propulsion simulation tunnel
Construction and support lining process.The outermost layer of simulation tunnel is the netted sleeve pipe of high water-permeability, can be used for husky in support model case
Soil, stone etc. simulate the implant of external environment condition.A series of middle sleeve pipe for difference infiltration coefficients, can be each in construction simulation
Plant different situations.Internal is an impermeable jacket pipe, and end is shut, and simulates non-construction section, then another side can be simulated and be built up
Inside lining.The twitch of impermeable jacket pipe, can simulation tunnel work progress.
External environment condition during simulation box construction simulation, and for different operating modes can flexible, can simulate and apply
Certain situation occurring in work process and work progress, to predict the phenomenon that later work progress occurs, is applied for actual
Work provides construction data, scheme etc..Simulation box can set up corresponding scaled down model, mould with the geological environment of construction tunnel
Intend the geological conditions of construction tunnel, and by the situation of simulated rainfall, construction tunnel can be simulated.And supervised by sensor
Survey instrument is used with traditional pressure measurement piping tool simultaneously, can in comprehensive monitoring work progress hydraulic pressure redistribution process, be tunnel
The construction in road provides more fully data to support.
The model of the full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process that the present invention provides, it has advantages below：
1st, it is capable of the digging process of simulation tunnel completely；
2nd, can be with the support lining process in simulation of stage excavation tunnel；
3rd, model can flexibly be changed to adapt to different simulated conditions according to the practical situation in construction, such as different
Shape, lithology, boundary condition etc..
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the model casing front elevation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the model casing side view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the model casing back view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the model casing top view of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the simulation tunnel structure chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is described in detail
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process, includes rainfall simulation from top to bottom successively
Case 19, simulation box 2, storage tank 4；
Described rainfall simulation case 19 is connected with water pump 12 by the second water pipe 21；On second water pipe 21, second valve is installed
Door 22；Rainfall simulation case 19 bottom is drilled base plate 20, and the downward seepage of drilled base plate 20 forms simulated rainfall 24；Rainfall simulation
Head control device 23 is installed inside case 19；
Described simulation box 2 bottom is water proof base plate 5, and four the week side of boss walls 3 are transparent material, are filled with simulation water-bearing layer in case
Implant；
Simulation box 2 two ends connect head control chamber, the respectively first head control chamber 9 and the second head control chamber respectively
17；Described head control chamber is connected with water pump 12 by water pipe 13 respectively, and described water pump 12 is arranged in storage tank 4, water
First valve 7 is provided with pipe 13；
Inside described simulation box 2, two ends respectively buffer stable region, respectively the first buffering stable region 1 and the second buffering
Stable region 16；Between the buffering stable region at two ends and middle simulation region, apertured partition 28 is installed；Described middle simulation region has
Packing material 26；Simulation box 2 is also equipped with simulation tunnel 6 in middle simulation region；
Also include pressure-measuring pipe group 8, pressure-measuring pipe group 8 is divided into 4 row 6 to arrange, and is arranged within simulation box 2；In simulation box 2
Sensor is buried in packing material 26.
It is divided into two parts, respectively experiment demand water header tank 10 and recovery tank 11, experiment in described head control chamber
Separated by the dividing plate of level altitude between demand water header tank 10 and recovery tank 11, water can cross dividing plate from experiment demand water header tank
10 flow to recovery tank 11, and described experiment demand water header tank 10 is connected with water pipe 13, described recovery tank 11 pass through conduit 15 with
Storage tank 4 connects；Described experiment demand water header tank 10 enters simulation box 2 by the second conduit 14；Described head control chamber
It is arranged on the two ends of simulation box 2 by elevation and subsidence regulating device 18.
As shown in figure 5, described simulation tunnel 6 includes the network structure pipe 63 of outermost high water-permeability, network structure
Pipe 63 penetration model case 2；The impermeable jacket pipe 64 that network structure pipe 63 end is shut inserts from network structure pipe 63 rear end, impermeable
The end that jacket pipe 64 is shut represents tunnel tunnel face；A series of sleeve pipe of network structure pipe 63 front end insertion difference infiltration coefficient
Combination, including the inner tube 61 of fluid-tight innermost layer, simulates the waterproof inside lining built up, is cased with middle pipe outside inner tube 61
62, middle pipe 62 simulates different water penetrations and porosity condition of construction.
Wherein, storage tank 4:Storage tank 4 is located at immediately below simulation box 2, size：1.8m×0.5m×0.35m.Thick 10mm's
PVC material makes, with the angle steel bound edge of thick 5mm.Persevering flow water pump in storage tank.For test feedwater.
Simulation box 2:Simulation box 2 is located above device, size：1.8m × 0.5m × 0.5m. thickness is not less than the glass of 10mm
Material makes, with the angle steel bound edge of thick 5mm.It is filled with the implant in simulation water-bearing layer in simulation box 2.
Storage tank 4 is totally-enclosed impermeable material with the bottom of simulation box 2 with surrounding, and the wherein surrounding of simulation box 2 should
Using light surface glass ensure transparency so that observation experiment simulation carry out situation.
Open the first valve 7, the water in storage tank 4 is taken out and entered the first head control of model casing two along water pipe 13 by water pump 12
Case 9 processed and the second head control chamber 17, are divided into two part Experiment demand water header tanks 10, recovery tanks 11 in head control chamber, with
The dividing plate of level altitude separates, and water can be crossed dividing plate and flow to recovery tank 11 from experiment demand water header tank 10.Wherein test demand
In water header tank 10, head is experiment demand head, adjusts two head controls by the threaded elevation and subsidence regulating device 18 with wind
The height of case processed, you can the border head height on both sides in adjustment simulation box 2.Unnecessary water is crossed dividing plate and is entered recovery tank 11,
Then flow back to storage tank 4 along conduit 15, remaining enters simulation box 2, both sides first buffering stable region 1 He along the second conduit 14
By the different filling material in the simulation water-bearing layer in apertured partition 28 infiltration simulation box 2 after second buffering stable region 16 liquid level stabilizing
Material 26.The species of packing material 26, layering, shape etc. can voluntarily change making according to different experimental simulation demands, simultaneously
Apertured partition 28 can intercept packing material 26 in simulation box 2, so it does not the entrance both sides buffering stable region that caves in.
Open the second valve 22, the water in storage tank 4 is then sent into rainfall simulation case 19 via the second water pipe 21 by water pump 12,
Pass through the downward seepage of drilled base plate 20 after runoff investigation, form simulated rainfall 24.Rainfall can pass through with rain time
In rainfall case, the opening and closing of water-quantity regulating device and the second valve 22 is adjusting control.It is aqueous that simulation is penetrated in rainfall in simulation box 2
Layer packing material 26, and affect phreatic table 25, flow direction is as shown in 27.
Experimental provision can independently run without interruption, its run duration, because simulation tunnel 6 has retention of excessive fluid phenomenon, causes mould
Intend level of ground water within case 2 to change.The pressure measurement nest of tubes that the groundwater level change simulated in device can be arranged by device side
Group 8 is learnt to observe.Pressure-measuring pipe is divided into 4 row 6 to arrange, and is arranged within simulation box 2.This device design its water level not luminous energy by pressure measurement
Pipe is artificial to be read, and can carry out automatic tracing and measuring by embedded corresponding probe, the so artificial data reading can be right simultaneously
Automatic measurements are modified the accuracy it is ensured that model configuration.Meanwhile, in simulation box 2 simulation water-bearing layer packing material 26 it
In except burying level sensor, can also bury other classifications such as stress, the sensor such as deformation, the different parameters of convenient detection
Situation of change.
Described simulation tunnel 6 includes the network structure pipe 63 of outermost high water-permeability, and network structure pipe 63 runs through mould
Molding box 2；The impermeable jacket pipe 64 that network structure pipe 63 end is shut inserts from network structure pipe 63 rear end, impermeable jacket pipe 64 envelope
Dead end represents tunnel tunnel face；A series of sleeve combination of network structure pipe 63 front end insertion difference infiltration coefficient, including
The inner tube 61 of fluid-tight innermost layer, simulates the waterproof inside lining built up, is cased with middle pipe 62, middle pipe 62 mould outside inner tube 61
Intend different water penetrations and porosity condition of construction.
Simulation tunnel 6 is made up of a series of mutually nested hard sleeve of energy, in simulation tunnel work progress not
With stage and situation.Wherein outermost layer is the network structure pipe 63 of high water-permeability, and this pipe runs through simulation box 2, is all embedded sets
The basis of pipe, for supporting the simulation water-bearing layer packing material 26 in case to ensure that its not avalanche enters within analogsimulation tunnel.
This network structure pipe 63 is the sleeve pipe that only one can not move freely, and remaining sleeve pipe is all embedded in wherein and can move in front and back
Dynamic.The impermeable jacket pipe 64 that end is shut is inserted by rear, and its depth determines the length of the tunnel not yet excavation part of simulation,
The end wherein shut represents tunnel tunnel face.A series of sleeve combination of difference infiltration coefficients is then inserted in front end, including impermeable
The innermost layer inner tube 61 of water, the waterproof inside lining that its simulation has been built up.And in remaining difference water penetration and porosity
Pipe 62 then can be with different situations in construction simulation.The insert depth of inner tube 61 and middle pipe 62 and the embedded depth of impermeable jacket pipe 64
Degree cooperation combination then can simulate the practice of construction progress situation in constructing tunnel driving.In addition should be in network structure pipe 63 and mould
Intend necessary part between case 2 wall, between different sleeve pipe and need accordingly necessary waterproof blocking water measure, prevent in simulation box 2
Water flowed out by incorrect passage.
Claims (3)
1. full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process model it is characterised in that include successively from top to bottom rainfall simulation case (19),
Simulation box (2), storage tank (4)；
Described rainfall simulation case (19) is connected with water pump (12) by the second water pipe (21)；It is provided with second water pipe (21)
Two valves (22)；Rainfall simulation case (19) bottom is drilled base plate (20), drilled base plate (20) seepage downwards, forms simulated rainfall
(24)；Head control device (23) is installed inside rainfall simulation case (19)；
Described simulation box (2) bottom is water proof base plate (5), and four the week side of boss walls (3) are transparent material, are filled with simulation aqueous in case
The implant of layer；
Simulation box (2) two ends connect head control chamber, the respectively first head control chamber (9) and the second head control chamber respectively
(17)；Described head control chamber is connected with water pump (12) by water pipe (13) respectively, and described water pump (12) is arranged on water storage
In case (4), water pipe (13) is provided with the first valve (7)；
Described simulation box (2) is internal, and two ends respectively buffer stable region, respectively the first buffering stable region (1) and the second buffering
Stable region (16)；Between the buffering stable region at two ends and middle simulation region, apertured partition (28) is installed；Simulation in the middle of described
There is packing material (26) in area；It is also equipped with simulation tunnel (6) in simulation region in the middle of simulation box (2)；
Also include pressure-measuring pipe group (8), pressure-measuring pipe group (8) is arranged within simulation box (2)；Filling material in simulation box (2)
Embedded sensor in material (26).
2. the model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described head control
Be divided into two parts in case processed, respectively experiment demand water header tank (10) with recovery tank (11), experiment demand water header tank (10) with
Recovery tank is separated by the dividing plate of level altitude between (11), and water can be crossed dividing plate and flow to backwater from experiment demand water header tank (10)
Case (11), described experiment demand water header tank (10) is connected with water pipe (13), described recovery tank (11) pass through conduit (15) with
Storage tank (4) connects；Described experiment demand water header tank (10) enters simulation box (2) by the second conduit (14)；Described water
Head control chamber is arranged on the two ends of simulation box (2) by elevation and subsidence regulating device (18).
3. the model of full-scope simulation tunnel excavation process according to claim 1 and 2 is it is characterised in that described mould
Intend the network structure pipe (63) that tunnel (6) includes outermost high water-permeability, network structure pipe (63) penetration model case (2)；Net
The impermeable jacket pipe (64) that shape structural tube (63) end is shut inserts from network structure pipe (63) rear end, impermeable jacket pipe (64) envelope
Dead end represents tunnel tunnel face；A series of sleeve combination of network structure pipe (63) front end insertion difference infiltration coefficient, bag
Include the inner tube (61) of fluid-tight innermost layer, simulate and be cased with middle pipe (62) outside the waterproof inside lining built up, inner tube (61),
Middle pipe (62) simulation difference water penetration and porosity condition of construction.
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| CN201611107830.XA CN106409124A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | All-round tunnel excavation process simulation model |
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| CN201611107830.XA CN106409124A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | All-round tunnel excavation process simulation model |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110568157A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Flexible test platform for indoor model test |
| CN111983193A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | High ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |
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