CN110568157A - A flexible test platform for indoor model tests - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台，包括试验平台及控制主机，试验平台包括若干个规则排列的平台基础单元；平台基础单元包括平台单元片、单元片角度调节装置、单元片升降装置及控制单元，各个平台基础单元的平台单元片紧凑配合构成试验平台层；单元片角度调节装置为球状结构，其顶面与平台单元片固定连接；单元片升降装置与单元片角度调节装置连接；控制单元与所述单元片角度调节装置、单元片升降装置及控制主机连接，用于接收控制主机的坐标指令，以使平台单元片呈现出不同的整体形状。本发明不仅实现了土岩界面地形的快速建模，还可以更加简便、准确地模拟地下开挖等工程措施及活动断层运动等对地表建筑物的影响。
The invention provides a flexible test platform for indoor model testing, which includes a test platform and a control host. The test platform includes several regularly arranged platform basic units; the platform basic unit includes a platform unit, a unit angle adjustment device, and a unit lifting device. And the control unit, the platform unit pieces of each platform basic unit are closely matched to form the test platform layer; the unit piece angle adjustment device is a spherical structure, and its top surface is fixedly connected with the platform unit piece; the unit piece lifting device is connected with the unit piece angle adjustment device; The control unit is connected with the unit piece angle adjustment device, the unit piece lifting device and the control host, and is used to receive coordinate instructions from the control host, so that the platform unit pieces present different overall shapes. The invention not only realizes the rapid modeling of soil-rock interface topography, but also can more simply and accurately simulate the influence of engineering measures such as underground excavation and active fault movement on surface buildings.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于试验平台技术领域，具体涉及一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台。The invention belongs to the technical field of test platforms, and in particular relates to a flexible test platform for indoor model tests.
背景技术Background technique
目前，针对不同地质条件下的物理模拟试验，多采用刚性试验平台开展。如针对不同基岩条件下工程开挖的模拟方法是在一块整体的刚性实验平台上，根据研究区域的地形地貌，通过将砾石材料堆积并加固来模拟区域基岩条件，并覆盖相应土层，在此基础上进行后续开挖模拟。对于开挖过程，则需要在试验平台模型上通过侧壁开挖、融盐侵蚀、机器人等方式来实现基岩开挖模拟。At present, rigid test platforms are mostly used for physical simulation tests under different geological conditions. For example, the simulation method for engineering excavation under different bedrock conditions is to simulate the regional bedrock conditions by accumulating and reinforcing gravel materials on an integral rigid experimental platform according to the topography of the research area, and cover the corresponding soil layers. On this basis, the subsequent excavation simulation is carried out. For the excavation process, bedrock excavation simulation needs to be realized on the test platform model through sidewall excavation, molten salt erosion, robot and other methods.
传统刚性试验平台对于不同基岩条件下的工程开挖模拟有如下不足：The traditional rigid test platform has the following shortcomings for engineering excavation simulation under different bedrock conditions:
1)工程问题中基岩由沉积岩、变质岩、岩浆岩中的一种或数种岩类组成，具有一定的整体性，且作为陆地表层中的坚硬岩层，强度较大。在传统的刚性试验平台中，常采用砾石的堆积与加固进行基岩模拟，无法模拟实际工况下基岩的高强度与整体性特征。1) In engineering problems, the bedrock is composed of one or several types of rocks among sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, and igneous rocks. It has a certain integrity, and as a hard rock layer in the land surface, it has high strength. In the traditional rigid test platform, the accumulation and reinforcement of gravel are often used to simulate the bedrock, which cannot simulate the high strength and integrity characteristics of the bedrock under actual working conditions.
2)基岩与土体界面的地形在刚性试验平台下构建难度较大，不能自动控制，因此往往假设为平面，与实际具有一定的差距。2) The topography of the bedrock-soil interface is difficult to construct under a rigid test platform and cannot be automatically controlled. Therefore, it is often assumed to be a plane, which has a certain gap with the actual situation.
3)对于开挖过程，传统刚性实验平台采用侧壁开挖、融盐侵蚀、机器人等方法来模拟开挖，操作复杂繁琐，且容易对周边地形造成人为破坏，与实际开挖过程不符，无法准确地模拟出实际工程的开挖状态。3) For the excavation process, the traditional rigid experimental platform uses methods such as sidewall excavation, molten salt erosion, and robots to simulate excavation. The operation is complicated and cumbersome, and it is easy to cause artificial damage to the surrounding terrain. Accurately simulate the excavation state of the actual project.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台，以解决传统刚性试验平台无法准确模拟不同基岩条件下工程开挖过程的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible test platform for indoor model testing to solve the problem that the traditional rigid test platform cannot accurately simulate the engineering excavation process under different bedrock conditions.
本发明提供了一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台，包括试验平台及控制主机，所述试验平台包括平台底座及设于所述平台底座上的若干个规则排列的平台基础单元；The invention provides a flexible test platform for indoor model testing, including a test platform and a control host, the test platform includes a platform base and several regularly arranged platform base units arranged on the platform base;
所述平台基础单元包括平台单元片、单元片角度调节装置、单元片升降装置及控制单元，各个平台基础单元的平台单元片紧凑配合构成试验平台层；The platform basic unit includes a platform unit piece, a unit piece angle adjustment device, a unit piece lifting device and a control unit, and the platform unit pieces of each platform basic unit are closely matched to form a test platform layer;
所述单元片角度调节装置为球状结构，其顶面与所述平台单元片固定连接，用于通过转动调节所述平台单元片在任意方向的倾斜角度；The unit piece angle adjustment device is a spherical structure, and its top surface is fixedly connected with the platform unit piece, and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the platform unit piece in any direction by rotation;
所述单元片升降装置与所述单元片角度调节装置连接，用于执行所述平台单元片的升降动作；The unit piece lifting device is connected with the unit piece angle adjustment device, and is used to perform the lifting action of the platform unit piece;
所述控制单元与所述单元片角度调节装置、单元片升降装置及控制主机连接，用于接收所述控制主机的坐标指令，控制所述单元片角度调节装置及单元片升降装置执行相应的动作，以使所述平台单元片组合呈现出不同的整体形状，用以建立不同地质条件下的物理模型，模拟工程措施或断层运动。The control unit is connected with the unit piece angle adjustment device, the unit piece lifting device and the control host, and is used to receive the coordinate command of the control host computer, and control the unit piece angle adjustment device and the unit piece lifting device to perform corresponding actions , so that the combination of the platform units presents different overall shapes, which are used to establish physical models under different geological conditions, and to simulate engineering measures or fault movements.
进一步地，该柔性试验平台还包括标有刻度的高程定位杆及套装在所述高程定位杆上可沿所述高程定位杆移动的激光高程定位器，所述激光高程定位器与所述控制主机连接，用于在模拟过程中实时测量模拟区域各个平台基础单元的高度，并将测量数据传输至所述控制主机，以获取模型参数；所述模型参数包括模拟区域周边的变形情况。Further, the flexible test platform also includes a graduated elevation positioning rod and a laser elevation locator which is set on the elevation positioning rod and can move along the elevation positioning rod. The laser elevation locator and the control host The connection is used to measure the height of each platform basic unit in the simulation area in real time during the simulation process, and transmit the measurement data to the control host to obtain model parameters; the model parameters include deformation conditions around the simulation area.
进一步地，所述单元片角度调节装置及单元片升降装置分别设有角度位移传感器及直线位移传感器，所述角度位移传感器及直线位移传感器与所述控制单元连接，用于为所述控制单元提供平台基础单元的位移信息。Further, the unit piece angle adjustment device and the unit piece lifting device are respectively provided with an angular displacement sensor and a linear displacement sensor, and the angular displacement sensor and the linear displacement sensor are connected to the control unit for providing the control unit with The displacement information of the base unit of the platform.
进一步地，所述平台底座为刚性结构，其四角均设有定位板，所述定位板上设有多个用于与所述平台底座固定安装的安装孔。Further, the platform base is a rigid structure, and its four corners are provided with positioning plates, and the positioning plates are provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixed installation with the platform base.
进一步地，所述控制单元通过信号转接板与所述控制主机电连接。Further, the control unit is electrically connected to the control host through a signal adapter board.
进一步地，所述单元片升降装置为液压升降装置。Further, the cell lifting device is a hydraulic lifting device.
进一步地，所述平台单元片采用刚性金属片。Further, the platform unit piece adopts a rigid metal piece.
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
不仅实现了土岩界面地形的快速建模，还可以更加简便、准确地模拟工程措施(如开挖过程)及活动断层运动等对地表建筑物的影响，以及对模拟出的地形进行实时监测，为后续的计算与分析提供有力的依据。It not only realizes the rapid modeling of soil-rock interface terrain, but also more easily and accurately simulates the impact of engineering measures (such as excavation process) and active fault movement on surface buildings, as well as real-time monitoring of the simulated terrain. Provide a strong basis for subsequent calculation and analysis.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of indoor model test flexible test platform of the present invention;
图2是本发明一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台的的俯视图。Fig. 2 is a top view of an indoor model test flexible test platform of the present invention.
图3为本发明平台基础单元的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the platform basic unit of the present invention;
图4为本发明基岩条件下的开发运用实例示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of development and application of the present invention under bedrock conditions.
图中标号：Labels in the figure:
1-平台底座；2-定位板；3-控制主机；4-高程定位杆；5-激光高程定位器；6-试验平台层；7-平台基础单元；71-平台单元片；72-单元片角度调节装置；73-单元片升降装置；74-控制单元；8-信号转接板。1-platform base; 2-positioning plate; 3-control host; 4-elevation positioning rod; 5-laser elevation locator; 6-test platform layer; 7-platform basic unit; Angle adjustment device; 73-unit lifting device; 74-control unit; 8-signal adapter board.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图所示的各实施方式对本发明进行详细说明，但应当说明的是，这些实施方式并非对本发明的限制，本领域普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所作的功能、方法、或者结构上的等效变换或替代，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the implementations shown in the drawings, but it should be noted that these implementations are not limitations of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art based on the functions, methods, or structural changes made by these implementations Equivalent transformations or substitutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
参图1至图3所示，本实施例提供了一种室内模型试验柔性试验平台，包括试验平台及控制主机3，试验平台包括平台底座1及设于平台底座1上的若干个规则排列的平台基础单元7，控制主机3设于平台底座1一侧；平台基础单元7的数量与排布方式，均不限于本实施例中的约束，可根据实际试验需求进行设置。Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a flexible test platform for indoor model testing, including a test platform and a control host 3, and the test platform includes a platform base 1 and several regularly arranged on the platform base 1. The platform base unit 7 and the control host 3 are arranged on one side of the platform base 1; the number and arrangement of the platform base units 7 are not limited to the constraints in this embodiment, and can be set according to actual test requirements.
平台基础单元7包括平台单元片71、单元片角度调节装置72、单元片升降装置73及控制单元4，各个平台基础单元的平台单元片71紧凑配合构成试验平台层6；单元片角度调节装置72为球状结构，其顶面与平台单元片71固定连接，用于通过转动调节平台单元片71在任意方向的倾斜角度；The platform basic unit 7 comprises a platform unit piece 71, a unit piece angle adjusting device 72, a unit piece lifting device 73 and a control unit 4, and the platform unit pieces 71 of each platform basic unit are closely matched to form the test platform layer 6; the unit piece angle adjusting device 72 It is a spherical structure, its top surface is fixedly connected with the platform unit piece 71, and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the platform unit piece 71 in any direction by rotation;
单元片升降装置73与单元片角度调节装置72连接，用于执行平台单元片71的升降动作；The unit piece lifting device 73 is connected with the unit piece angle adjustment device 72, and is used to perform the lifting action of the platform unit piece 71;
控制单元74与单元片角度调节装置72、单元片升降装置73及控制主机3连接，用于接收控制主机3的坐标指令，控制单元片角度调节装置72及单元片升降装置73执行相应的动作，以使平台单元片71呈现出不同的整体形状(模拟对应工程问题下不同的基岩条件)，用以建立不同地质条件下的物理模型，模拟工程措施、断层运动等。The control unit 74 is connected with the unit piece angle adjusting device 72, the unit piece lifting device 73 and the control host 3, and is used to receive the coordinate command from the control host 3, and control the unit piece angle adjusting device 72 and the unit piece lifting device 73 to perform corresponding actions. To make the platform unit slice 71 present different overall shapes (to simulate different bedrock conditions corresponding to engineering problems), to establish physical models under different geological conditions, to simulate engineering measures, fault movements, etc.
通过该室内模型试验柔性试验平台，不仅实现了土岩界面地形的快速建模，还可以更加简便、准确地模拟工程措施(如开挖过程)及活动断层运动等对地表建筑物的影响，以及对模拟出的地形进行实时监测，为后续的计算与分析提供有力的依据。Through the indoor model test flexible test platform, not only the rapid modeling of soil-rock interface terrain is realized, but also the impact of engineering measures (such as excavation process) and active fault movement on surface buildings can be simulated more easily and accurately, and Real-time monitoring of the simulated terrain provides a strong basis for subsequent calculation and analysis.
在本实施例中，该柔性试验平台还包括标有刻度的高程定位杆4(设于平台底座一侧)及套装在高程定位杆4上可沿高程定位杆4移动(自由旋转或上下移动)的激光高程定位器5，激光高程定位器5与控制主机3连接，用于在模拟过程中实时测量模拟区域各个平台基础单元7的高度，并将测量数据传输至控制主机7，以推算模型比例，获取模型参数；模型参数包括模拟区域周边的变形情况。In this embodiment, the flexible test platform also includes a scaled elevation positioning rod 4 (located on one side of the platform base) and is sleeved on the elevation positioning rod 4 and can move along the elevation positioning rod 4 (freely rotate or move up and down). The laser elevation locator 5 connected with the control host 3 is used to measure the height of each platform basic unit 7 in the simulation area in real time during the simulation process, and transmit the measurement data to the control host 7 to calculate the model scale , to obtain the model parameters; the model parameters include the deformation around the simulation area.
在本实施例中，单元片角度调节装置72及单元片升降装置73分别设有角度位移传感器及直线位移传感器，角度位移传感器及直线位移传感器与控制单元74连接，用于为控制单元提供平台基础单元7的位移信息。In this embodiment, the unit piece angle adjustment device 72 and the unit piece lifting device 73 are provided with an angular displacement sensor and a linear displacement sensor respectively, and the angular displacement sensor and the linear displacement sensor are connected with the control unit 74 to provide a platform basis for the control unit Displacement information for unit 7.
在本实施例中，平台底座1为刚性结构，其四角均设有定位板2，定位板2上设有多个用于与平台底座1固定安装的安装孔。In this embodiment, the platform base 1 is a rigid structure, and its four corners are provided with a positioning plate 2 . The positioning plate 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixed installation with the platform base 1 .
在本实施例中，控制单元74通过信号转接板8与控制主机3电连接。信号转接板8与平台底座1固定连接。In this embodiment, the control unit 74 is electrically connected to the control host 3 through the signal adapter board 8 . The signal adapter board 8 is fixedly connected with the platform base 1 .
在本实施例中，单元片升降装置73为液压升降装置。In this embodiment, the die lifting device 73 is a hydraulic lifting device.
在本实施例中，平台单元片71可采用刚性金属片，与球状单元片角度调节装置72焊接，用于模拟地形，基岩表层形状。In this embodiment, the platform unit piece 71 can be a rigid metal piece welded with the spherical unit piece angle adjustment device 72 for simulating the terrain and the shape of the bedrock surface.
参图4所示，利用该柔性试验平台对某区域基岩条件下的工程开挖进行试验模拟研究。As shown in Figure 4, the flexible test platform is used to carry out experimental simulation research on engineering excavation under bedrock conditions in a certain area.
通过定位板2将平台底座1安装于室内实验室空地处，并根据该工程模拟研究的精度要求，规则布置一定数量的平台基础单元7，按照上述结构安装室内柔性试验平台。The platform base 1 is installed in the open space of the indoor laboratory through the positioning plate 2, and according to the accuracy requirements of the engineering simulation research, a certain number of platform basic units 7 are regularly arranged, and the indoor flexible test platform is installed according to the above structure.
搜集所模拟区域的地形基岩分布形状，在控制主机3建立相应的模型，根据坐标，控制不同的平台基础单元7上升(或下降)至一定高度，使平台单元片71转动一定角度，最终形成如图4中与模拟区域相一致的基岩分布形状。Collect the terrain bedrock distribution shape of the simulated area, establish a corresponding model on the control host 3, and control different platform basic units 7 to rise (or descend) to a certain height according to the coordinates, so that the platform unit pieces 71 rotate at a certain angle, and finally form As shown in Figure 4, the bedrock distribution shape is consistent with the simulated area.
模拟该研究区域实际的地质条件，在图4中模拟的基岩上方，覆盖一层糙面塑料薄膜，并根据研究区域的土层条件在试验平台上方添加土层，最终完成对研究区域的等比例地形地质条件的模拟。Simulate the actual geological conditions of the study area, cover the bedrock simulated in Figure 4 with a layer of rough plastic film, and add a soil layer above the test platform according to the soil layer conditions in the study area, and finally complete the equalization of the study area. Simulation of scale terrain geological conditions.
根据实际工程的设计，在图4中A区域进行开挖，通过控制主机3对A区域的平台基础单元7进行控制，使得该处的平台基础单元7下降一定高度，形成一定体积的采空区域，以模拟实际开挖的效果。According to the design of the actual project, the excavation is carried out in the area A in Fig. 4, and the platform basic unit 7 in the A area is controlled by the control host 3, so that the platform basic unit 7 there is lowered by a certain height to form a certain volume of goaf area , to simulate the effect of actual excavation.
在模拟过程中，通过激光高程定位器5对A区域以及周边覆土的高度变形等进行实时测量反馈，记录模拟开挖过程中周边区域的变形情况，为后续分析提供依据。During the simulation process, the laser elevation locator 5 is used to measure and feed back the height deformation of area A and the surrounding soil in real time, and record the deformation of the surrounding area during the simulated excavation process to provide a basis for subsequent analysis.
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention.
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