CN111979799A - 一种锦纶面料的染色工艺 - Google Patents
一种锦纶面料的染色工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;将坯布放到前处理液中,再烘干,得到预处理坯布;将预处理坯布放到染缸中,加水、冰醋酸,升温至40~44℃,保温25分钟,加入酸性染料、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,升温至60℃,加入平平加O,再升温至100℃,加入改性淀粉、酸性染料,保温,完成染色;将坯布用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理。本发明锦纶面料的染色工艺对锦纶面料染色的色牢度高、染色时间短、匀染性好,并且染色工艺简单,水洗次数和水量减少,降低了污水排放量,利于规模化工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织工艺技术领域,具体涉及一种锦纶面料的染色工艺。
背景技术
锦纶纤维的化学结构是聚酰胺,主要由疏水性的亚甲基链,亲水性的酰胺基和链端的氨基和羧基构成,该化学结构决定锦纶纤维既可以使用疏水性的分散染料染色,又可以使用亲水性酸性、活性染料等染色。但由于锦纶的结晶度高,端氨基含量较低等纤维结构的限制,其在染色时易出现染色不匀,所以在锦纶染色的工艺中,不仅要看重色泽、牢度等指标外,还应考虑染色的匀染性能力。
中国专利CN108049213A公开了一种锦纶织物染色方法,该方法为:(1)织物浸在含有酸性均染剂ER和酸性染料LanasetBluePA的第一染液中,加冰醋酸调节pH为4.0~5.0,然后在98℃~110℃的温度下处理20min~40min,再降温至60℃以下排液;(2)将经过步骤(1)处理后的织物进行40℃~60℃的皂洗10min~20min后排液;(3)将经过步骤(2)处理后的织物先进行室温水洗,排液后,在60℃~80℃下用酸性固色剂固色15min~30min;(4)将经过步骤(3)处理的织物浸入含有高分子聚合物CCX的35℃~45℃的热水中水洗15min~25min,排液后,室温水洗。但是该专利对锦纶织物染色的匀染性不佳。
中国专利CN110172840A公开了一种锦纶织物的染色方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将锦纶织物放入去油剂溶液中,微波浸渍,水洗,烘干;(2)将处理过的锦纶织物浸渍在无水乙醇中,取出后去除乙醇;(3)将锦纶织物浸渍于预处理溶液中,微波后取出水洗;(4)将锦纶织物浸没在染液中,微波染色和固色,水洗,皂洗,水洗,烘干;(5)将染色后的锦纶织物放入柔软剂溶液中。但是该专利对锦纶织物的染色色牢度性不佳。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题,提供一种锦纶面料的染色工艺。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是:一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:40~55,温度85~95℃,时间35~50分钟,再在70~85℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:10~25为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至40~44℃,保温25分钟,加入0.8~1.5%酸性染料、0.6~1.2g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入改性淀粉,以及0.5~1.2%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15~25分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
其中,锦纶分子为线性分子,染料分子易与纤维分子靠拢,有较大的范德华力,染料与纤维之间易形成氢键,pH值在4~6时,pH变化对吸附量的影响小,是染色最合适的pH值范围,当pH值太小时,聚酰胺纤维易水解、损伤,染料与纤维的结合不牢靠,当pH值较大时,染料与亚氨基的纤维结合力差,染色牢度下降,故将pH控制在4.5~5.5之间;锦纶的玻璃态转化温度较低,在47~50℃之间,因此将始染温度控制在40~44℃;非离子表面活性剂平平加O与阴离子表面活性剂亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO在酸性染料中对染色均匀性的影响存在一定的协同作用;染色升温至最高温度后采用锯齿型温度调节,提高染色的均匀性和色牢度;采用汽蒸和后处理液处理的方式来提高锦纶面料的色牢度和水洗牢度,还可以减少水洗次数,降低污水排放量,利于规模化工业生产。
进一步的,步骤S20中,上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS3.5~5.5g/L、纯碱1.2~1.8g/L、渗透剂JFC0.25~0.33g/L。
进一步的,上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS4.5g/L、纯碱1.5g/L、渗透剂JFC0.29g/L。
进一步的,步骤S30中,上述酸性染料选自酸性黄G、弱酸性艳蓝RAW、酸性红G中的一种或者至少两种。单或双磺酸的偶氮染料的匀染性及湿牢度高,而分子量太大的燃料不能匀染,分子量小的湿牢度较低,故选择酸性黄G或将其与其他染料进行配合;
进一步的,步骤S30中,上述改性淀粉的加入量为0.2~0.8g/L。
进一步的,步骤S30中,上述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于250~400mL的水中,85~90℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应4~6小时,得到改性淀粉。合成得到的淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物可以与酸性染料作用,起到缓染的作用,减缓染料固定附着在面料上,提升匀染性。
进一步的,上述水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺的浓度为1.4~1.8mol/L。
进一步的,步骤S50中,上述后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸0.8~1.4%,98%醋酸0.8~1.5%。后处理液在固色提升色牢度和耐洗涤性能的同时,还可以去除面料表面的浮色,使染色更为均匀规整。
本发明的优点是:
(1)本发明锦纶面料的染色工艺选择较低的始染温度、较缓的升温速率来提升锦纶面料的染色均匀性,染色所需的酸性染料也分批次加入,非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂配合使用,防止染色结合物沉淀,使染料缓慢上染;
(2)本发明锦纶面料的染色工艺在染色完成后采用汽蒸和后处理液处理的方式来提高锦纶面料的色牢度和耐洗涤性,添加改性淀粉与酸性染料作用,起到缓染的作用,减缓染料固定附着在面料上,提升匀染性;
(3)本发明锦纶面料的染色工艺对锦纶面料染色的色牢度高、染色时间短、匀染性好,并且染色工艺简单,水洗次数和水量减少,降低了污水排放量,利于规模化工业生产。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外,本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明染色工艺的升温曲线。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
实施例1
一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:48,温度90℃,时间40分钟,再在78℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS4.5g/L、纯碱1.5g/L、渗透剂JFC0.29g/L;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:18为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至42℃,保温25分钟,加入1.2%酸性染料、0.9g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入0.5g/L改性淀粉,以及0.8%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温20分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;上述酸性染料选自酸性黄G和弱酸性艳蓝RAW;上述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于320mL的水中,88℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入浓度为1.6mol/L的水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应5小时,得到改性淀粉;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸1.1%,98%醋酸1.2%,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
实施例2
一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:40,温度85℃,时间35分钟,再在70℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS3.5g/L、纯碱1.2g/L、渗透剂JFC0.25g/L;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:10为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至40℃,保温25分钟,加入0.8%酸性染料、0.6~1.2g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入0.2g/L改性淀粉,以及0.5%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;上述酸性染料选自酸性黄G;上述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于250mL的水中,85℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入浓度为1.4mol/L的水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应4小时,得到改性淀粉;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸0.8%,98%醋酸0.8%,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
实施例3
一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:55,温度95℃,时间50分钟,再在85℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS5.5g/L、纯碱1.8g/L、渗透剂JFC0.33g/L;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:25为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至44℃,保温25分钟,加入1.5%酸性染料、1.2g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入0.8g/L改性淀粉,以及1.2%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温25分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;上述酸性染料选自弱酸性艳蓝RAW;上述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于400mL的水中,90℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入浓度为1.8mol/L的水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应6小时,得到改性淀粉;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸1.4%,98%醋酸1.5%,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
实施例4
一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:45,温度92℃,时间40分钟,再在75℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;上述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS5.0g/L、纯碱1.3g/L、渗透剂JFC0.27g/L;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:22为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至41℃,保温25分钟,加入1.0%酸性染料、0.7g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入0.7g/L改性淀粉,以及1.0%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温22分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;上述酸性染料选自酸性黄G、弱酸性艳蓝RAW、酸性红G;上述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于300mL的水中,86℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入浓度为1.5mol/L的水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应4.5小时,得到改性淀粉;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸1.0%,98%醋酸1.3%,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
实验例
为了进一步说明本发明的技术进步性,现采用实验进一步说明。
实验方法:对本发明锦纶面料的染色工艺染色后的锦纶面料进行性能检测,实验结果如下:
1.耐洗色牢度:AATCC61-20103A测试方法,变色达4级,沾色达4级;
2.耐热压色牢度:AATCC133-2009测试方法,变色达4级,沾色达4级;
3.耐汗渍色牢度:GB/T3922-1997测试方法,变色达4级,沾色达4级;
4.耐摩擦色牢度:GB/T3920-1997测试方法,干磨达4~5级,湿磨达4级;
5.耐日晒牢度:AATCC16.3测试方法,3~4;
6.移染率:50~55%;
7.K/S值:8.5~9.6。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S10,采用锦纶纤维为原料,交织制成涤纶面料坯布;
步骤S20,将坯布放到前处理液中,控制浴比为1:40~55,温度85~95℃,时间35~50分钟,再在70~85℃温度下烘干,得到预处理坯布;
步骤S30,将预处理坯布放到染缸中,控制浴比1:10~25为浴缸加水,加0.5mL/L的冰醋酸,升温至40~44℃,保温25分钟,加入0.8~1.5%酸性染料、0.6~1.2g/L的亚甲基二萘磺酸钠NNO,以1.2℃/min的升温速度升温至60℃,加入平平加O,并调节溶液的pH在4.5~5.5之间,再以1.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,加入改性淀粉,以及0.5~1.2%的酸性染料,保温15分钟,自然冷却至85℃,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温10分钟,自然冷却至得到90,再以2℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15分钟,自然冷却至80℃,再以2.5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温15~25分钟,自然冷却至60℃,完成染色;
步骤S40,将染色完成后的坯布用塑料膜包好,用100℃蒸汽汽蒸2分钟;
步骤S50,将汽蒸后的坯布放到后处理液中,控制浴比为1:30,温度为65℃,处理20分钟,再经水洗、脱水、烘干和定型处理,完成锦纶面料的染色。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,步骤S20中,所述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS3.5~5.5g/L、纯碱1.2~1.8g/L、渗透剂JFC0.25~0.33g/L。
3.根据权利要求2所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,所述前处理液的配方包括:净洗剂LS4.5g/L、纯碱1.5g/L、渗透剂JFC0.29g/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,步骤S30中,所述酸性染料选自酸性黄G、弱酸性艳蓝RAW、酸性红G中的一种或者至少两种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,步骤S30中,所述改性淀粉的加入量为0.2~0.8g/L。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,步骤S30中,所述改性淀粉的制备包括:将10份淀粉溶于250~400mL的水中,85~90℃糊化1.5h,冷却至50℃后加入水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺、乙酸,搅拌混合20分钟后,加入7mmol/L的过硫酸钾,反应4~6小时,得到改性淀粉。
7.根据权利要求6所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,所述水溶性甲基丙烯酰胺的浓度为1.4~1.8mol/L。
8.根据权利要求1所述的锦纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于,步骤S50中,所述后处理液的配方包括:单宁酸0.8~1.4%,98%醋酸0.8~1.5%。
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CN113279271A (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-20 | 福州华冠针纺织品有限公司 | 一种酸性染色配方、酸性染色方法及其染色得到的纺织品 |
CN113322696A (zh) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-31 | 盛虹集团有限公司 | 一种循环再生高密锦纶清凉面料的染色工艺 |
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