CN111953058B - Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111953058B
CN111953058B CN202010972855.6A CN202010972855A CN111953058B CN 111953058 B CN111953058 B CN 111953058B CN 202010972855 A CN202010972855 A CN 202010972855A CN 111953058 B CN111953058 B CN 111953058B
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China
Prior art keywords
diode
cathode
resistor
capacitor
battery pack
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CN202010972855.6A
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CN111953058A (en
Inventor
胡云平
王少忠
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Chongqing Yuxin Pingrui Electronic Co ltd
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Chongqing Yuxin Pingrui Electronic Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H02J7/24—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/02—Dynamic electric resistor braking
    • B60L7/08—Controlling the braking effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit structure for adjusting the excessive high energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1; the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery pack BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller; and the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of the motor drive controller. The device can be used as an additional functional module, can be installed on the existing electric vehicle, prolongs the service lives of the battery pack BT and the driving controller, and ensures the safety of the battery pack BT and the driving controller.

Description

Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of regulating circuits, in particular to a circuit structure for regulating overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle.
Background
The general frequency converter and the servo inverter process the feedback energy, generally the feedback energy is fed back to the power grid or the energy loss is carried out by adopting a braking resistor.
And (3) feeding back a power grid: the feedback is carried out on the electric automobile, and most of the previous electric battery packs adopt lead-acid batteries, so that the feedback current can directly charge the lead-acid battery packs. Due to the problems of volume, weight, service life and the like of the lead-acid battery pack, the lithium battery is already in a large-scale application stage. Gradually becoming a trend to replace lead acid batteries. However, the lithium battery has high requirements on charging current and voltage, and if the lithium battery is not charged within the allowable normal parameters, the service life of the lithium battery is greatly shortened or the lithium battery is permanently damaged or exploded. In the running process of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle needs to be quickly decelerated and braked. Therefore, the feedback voltage is high, the current is large, and the feedback current cannot be directly used for charging the lithium battery pack.
Braking resistance: the general frequency converter or servo motor drives, and the work of the brake resistor is carried out according to the voltage value of the direct current bus. When the feedback energy charges on the rectifying filter capacitor, the capacitor voltage will rise, when the brake chopper working voltage is reached, the brake resistor is put into operation to consume the energy, meanwhile, the capacitor discharging voltage is reduced, when the capacitor discharging voltage returns to a normal value, the brake resistor is cut off to carry out the next energy feedback preparation, namely, the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor is always ensured not to exceed or be lower than the normal working range. However, when the electric vehicle is operated and used, the situation of the lithium battery changes, because the voltage of the lithium battery is not a fixed value, when the voltage of the battery is low, the voltage difference between the feedback voltage and the battery is very high, and the charging voltage and the current of the lithium battery also greatly exceed the safety values allowed by the lithium battery, so that the universal braking unit cannot be directly used, otherwise, the lithium battery pack is easily subjected to high voltage, and the lithium battery pack is damaged, exploded or greatly reduced in service life due to the high current. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to provide a circuit structure for adjusting the energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle to be too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the electric vehicle needs to rapidly switch the motion state, such as forward, backward, left turn, right turn, brake and the like, in the high-speed running process. A process of rapidly decelerating or rapidly braking the motor from a high speed is required. At this time, the motor rotor moving at high speed by inertia cuts the magnetic force lines of the motor, so that the motor is in a power generation running state and generates a large amount of regenerated electric energy.
The regenerated electric energy can charge the battery pack through the internal loop of the controller, and the lithium battery enters a large number of application stages at present, and the charging of the lithium battery has high requirements on voltage and current, and the charged voltage is fed back, so that the current is larger than the safety value of the battery pack, and the battery pack is irreversibly damaged. The device disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out unidirectional isolation on the voltage and the current fed back by the motor, so that the fed back voltage and the fed back current do not enter the lithium battery pack, and only the lithium battery pack is used for providing the discharge current when the electric vehicle runs, so that the safety of the lithium battery is ensured.
The excessive feedback voltage is isolated from the battery pack through the high-power diode and cannot be absorbed by the battery pack, and is fully applied to the motor drive controller, so that the voltage can rise instantly and greatly exceeds the safe voltage value of components in the controller. This is a light condition that burns out the controller and a heavy condition that risks safety of short-circuit combustion.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
A circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle is characterized in that: the power supply circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
The anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery pack BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of a motor drive controller;
The first branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the input end of a power supply circuit, the first output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the first end of a resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing tube U1, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube U1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT, and the second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with the opposite end of a comparator IC 2;
The second output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the output end of a comparator IC1 through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4 in sequence, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1 and the base electrode of a triode Q3;
A third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with a collector electrode of a triode Q1, an emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with an emitter electrode of a triode Q3, and the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT;
The second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
The common terminal of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected to the common terminal of the comparator IC2 via the resistor R8.
Further: a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery BT.
Further: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
Further: the power supply circuit comprises a buck chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1;
the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the buck chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of the diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
A capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
The cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the 7 pin of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is also connected with one end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is also connected with one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4.
Further: a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are connected across the comparator IC2 between the same-directional terminal and the output terminal.
Further: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: first, compared with the existing technology, the device of the invention does not need a complex circuit to sample and compare the feedback voltage and the battery voltage, and controls the charging current by calculating the differential pressure. The feedback voltage is directly sampled, when the feedback energy voltage rises to the protection working voltage of the device, the bleeder resistor is put into operation, the redundant feedback energy is consumed, the overall reliability is improved, and the cost is reduced; the device can be used as an additional functional module, can be installed on the existing electric vehicle, prolongs the service lives of the battery pack BT and the driving controller, and ensures the safety of the battery pack BT and the driving controller.
Secondly, the battery pack BT and the motor drive controller are positively isolated by the power diode D1, feedback voltage of the motor drive controller and a battery are not allowed to enter the battery pack BT, and the battery pack BT can positively provide current of the motor drive controller. The buck chip IC1 provides the driving voltage of the power discharge tube and the reference voltage of feedback voltage sampling, the feedback voltage is detected in real time, when the feedback voltage is higher than a set value, (the set value is higher than the highest voltage of the battery pack BT and lower than the highest safety voltage of the motor driving controller), the IC2B is overturned, the power discharge tube Q2 is controlled to be opened, the power bleeder resistor is connected, and the feedback voltage higher than the set value is bleeder.
When the feedback voltage is released to be lower than the set value, the IC2 controls the power discharge tube to be closed, and the release is stopped. And (3) performing the next energy feedback preparation, namely always ensuring that the voltage at the two ends of the motor drive controller does not exceed or fall below the normal working range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the application circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth, and are configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1: the motor comprises a battery pack BT, a motor drive controller, a motor and a circuit structure of the invention, wherein the motor drive controller comprises a positive output V+ and a negative output V-.
The invention relates to a circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle, which comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
The positive electrode of the battery pack BT is connected with the positive electrode of a diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected with the positive electrode of the motor drive controller, and the negative electrode of the battery pack BT is connected with the negative electrode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of a motor drive controller;
The first branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the input port of the power supply circuit, and a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery pack BT.
The first output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the first end of a resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected with the negative electrode of a voltage stabilizing tube U1, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube U1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT, and the second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with the reverse end of a comparator IC 2;
The second output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the output end of the comparator IC1 sequentially through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1 and the base electrode of the triode Q3, and a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are respectively bridged between the same-direction end and the output end of the comparator IC 2.
A third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with a collector electrode of a triode Q1, an emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with an emitter electrode of a triode Q3, and the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT;
The second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
the common end of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected with the same-direction end of the comparator IC2 through a resistor R8, and meanwhile, two ends of the resistor R11 are connected with a resistor R12 in parallel.
In this embodiment, the voltage power supply circuit adopts a specific structure including a buck chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1, and a regulator ZD1;
In the invention, the model of the buck chip IC1 is PN6055, and the PN6055 is a DC buck chip.
The pin 5 and the pin 6 of the buck chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of the diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
A capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
The cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the 7 pin of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is also connected with one end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is also connected with one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4.
The working principle of the power supply circuit is that the model of the voltage-reducing chip IC1 is PN6055, and the PN6055 is a DC voltage-reducing chip.
Diode D2, diode D4, electric capacity C9, electric capacity C10, electric capacity C11, electric capacity C12, resistance R13, inductance L1 and zener diode ZD1 constitute DC/DC step-down circuit and provide drive voltage for discharging MOS pipe.
The input pin 5 and the input pin 6 of the buck chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of a diode D3, the diode D3 is isolated from input voltage, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of a battery pack BT in a bridging way; acting to filter the high voltage input voltage.
The power supply pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, and the 1 st pin of the power supply pin of the buck chip IC1 and the 7 th pin of the GND pin of the buck chip IC1 are connected with the capacitor C4 to filter the power supply end of the buck chip IC1, so that the power supply voltage of the buck chip 1 pin is smooth.
The anode of the diode D2 is the voltage output end of the step-down chip IC 1;
after the voltage of the output end is stable, the output voltage supplies power to the buck chip IC1 through the diode D2.
A capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
the capacitor C9 and the capacitor C10 filter the +15V voltage output after voltage reduction, and the resistor R10 is a dummy load resistor, so that the output voltage is more stable.
The regulator tube ZD1 is an output voltage protection regulator tube, and the highest voltage is limited to 16V.
The diode D4 is a freewheeling diode, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the GND pin 7 pin of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT, the anode of the diode D2 is also connected with one end of the energy storage inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4.
When the voltage of the diode D3 is initially conducted, high voltage is input through the input pin 5 and the input pin 6 of the buck chip IC1, a loop is formed from the pin 7 of the buck chip IC1 through the inductor L1, the resistor R13 and the diode D4, the voltage at the right end of the inductor L1 is input into the buck chip IC1 from the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 through the diode D2 to provide stable voltage, and on the other hand, the common end of the inductor L1 and the diode D2 provides reference voltage for the MOS tube Q1, the MOS tube Q3 and the IC 2.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
The battery pack BT is positively isolated from the motor drive controller and the circuit of the invention by the high-power diode D1 so that the battery pack BT can supply power to the motor drive controller and the circuit of the invention, but the feedback voltage of the motor can not return the current to the battery pack BT.
The specific operation is as follows, capacitor C5 and capacitor C6 form the power supply filtering at the positive pole V+ and negative pole V-both ends of battery BT.
The power supply circuit structure composed of the buck chip IC1, the peripheral element diode D2, the diode D3, the diode D4, the voltage stabilizing tube ZD1, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, the inductor L1 and the resistor R13 provides driving voltage for the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 respectively.
Meanwhile, the output circuit of the power supply circuit provides a reference voltage for the reverse end of the comparator IC2B after being stabilized by the resistor R5 and the stabilizing tube U1.
The resistor R3, the resistor R11, the resistor R12, the resistor R8 and the capacitor C8 provide real-time detection voltages of the positive output V+ and the negative output V-of the motor drive controller for the same directional end of the comparator IC 2B.
The triode Q1 and the triode Q3 form a totem circuit, and sufficient driving current is provided for driving the MOS tube Q2. The resistor R2 is a bleeder circuit for feedback electric energy formed by the power discharge resistor and the MOS tube Q2.
The motor feedback voltage is added at positive output V+ and negative output V-two ends through a motor drive controller when the electric vehicle is rapidly decelerated and rapidly braked, and is sent to 5 pins of a comparator IC2B through a real-time voltage sampling circuit consisting of a resistor R3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12 and a capacitor C8.
The reference voltage is set for the 6 pin of the comparator IC2B through the resistor R5 and the zener diode U1, when the voltage of the 5 pin of the comparator IC2B is lower than the reference voltage, the 7 pin of the comparator IC2B outputs low, the triode Q1 is not conducted, the MOS tube Q2 is not conducted, the capacitor in the MOS tube Q2 flows into the cathode of the battery pack through the triode Q3, and the charge in the MOS tube Q2 is released;
When the pin 5 of the comparator IC2B detects that the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the pin 7 of the comparator IC2B outputs high, the MOS tube Q2 is conducted, at the moment, the voltage of the positive output V+ is conducted to the power release resistor R1, the pole D and the pole S of the MOS tube Q2 are connected to the negative output V-, a release loop is formed, and electric energy is consumed. The voltage between the positive output V + and the negative output V-is controlled within a set range.
When the voltage between the positive output V+ and the negative output V-is discharged to the set normal value, the output of the 7 pin of the comparator IC2B is low, the MOS tube Q2 is closed, the discharging loop is cut off, and the next energy feedback preparation is carried out, so that the discharging is not stopped, and the voltage between the positive output V+ and the negative output V-is always beyond or lower than the set normal working range.
Setting the requirement to be higher than the highest voltage reached by the normal charging energy of the battery pack BT so as to avoid discharging the electric energy of the battery pack BT when the discharging loop works;
The set point requirement is lower than the highest safe working voltage of the motor drive controller, and damage to the motor drive controller can be caused after the set point requirement is exceeded.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. A circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle is characterized in that: the power supply circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
The anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery pack BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of a motor drive controller;
The first branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the input end of a power supply circuit, the first output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the first end of a resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing tube U1, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube U1 is connected with the cathode of a battery pack BT, and the second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with the opposite end of a comparator IC 2;
The second output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the output end of a comparator IC1 through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4 in sequence, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1 and the base electrode of a triode Q3;
A third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with a collector electrode of a triode Q1, an emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with an emitter electrode of a triode Q3, and the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT;
The second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
the common end of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected with the same-direction end of the comparator IC2 through a resistor R8;
the power supply circuit comprises a buck chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1;
the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the buck chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of the diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
A capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery pack BT in a bridging way;
The cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the 7 pin of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is also connected with one end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is also connected with one end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4.
2. The circuit structure for adjusting the excessive energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery BT.
3. The circuit structure for adjusting the excessive energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
4. A circuit structure for adjusting excessive energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein: a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are connected across the comparator IC2 between the same-directional terminal and the output terminal.
CN202010972855.6A 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle Active CN111953058B (en)

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CN209434940U (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-09-24 重庆瑜欣平瑞电子股份有限公司 A kind of adjustable DC power supply circuit of fuel oil variable-frequency power generation unit output voltage
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CN1110027A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-10-11 三菱电机株式会社 Apparatus for controlling output of vehicular AC generator
DE102012111317A1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Circuit device with down converter for supplying current to e.g. fog lamp of motor car, has comparator including terminal connected with output of unit for converting input voltage of converter into signal dependent of reference voltage
WO2015032126A1 (en) * 2013-09-09 2015-03-12 惠州市蓝微电子有限公司 Electric tool control circuit
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