CN115411937A - High-voltage input voltage reduction circuit - Google Patents
High-voltage input voltage reduction circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN115411937A CN115411937A CN202110583865.5A CN202110583865A CN115411937A CN 115411937 A CN115411937 A CN 115411937A CN 202110583865 A CN202110583865 A CN 202110583865A CN 115411937 A CN115411937 A CN 115411937A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage input voltage reduction circuit, which comprises at least one path of half-bridge circuit module, a drive control module and an energy storage inductance module; each half-bridge circuit module comprises a charging switch tube and a follow current switch tube; when the driving control module drives each path of charging switch tube to be conducted and the follow current switch tube to be disconnected, the power supply voltage output end supplies power, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is equal to the input voltage, the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module rises according to an exponential curve, and the energy storage inductance module can block the current rise due to self-induced potential, so that the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy to be stored, and low-voltage output is realized; when the driving control module drives the charging switch tube of each path to be disconnected and the follow current switch tube is switched on, the energy storage inductance module converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the follow current switch tube plays a role of follow current, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is close to 0, the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module is reduced in an exponential curve, and low-voltage output is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronic power conversion, and particularly relates to a high-voltage input voltage reduction circuit.
Background
BUCK converter circuits (BUCK circuits) are widely used in the field of charging batteries and lithium batteries. However, the current BUCK conversion circuit (BUCK circuit) can only convert direct-current voltage below 150V into low voltage (10V-60V), and because a simple BUCK conversion circuit adopts a common diode as follow current, the diode has large loss in the circuit and the machine generates large heat; and because only one or two paths of simple buck conversion circuits are available at present, high-power high-voltage conversion cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
At least to solve one of the above problems, the present invention provides a high voltage input buck circuit.
The invention provides a high-voltage input voltage reduction circuit which comprises at least one path of half-bridge circuit module, a drive control module and an energy storage inductance module; each path of half-bridge circuit module comprises a charging switch tube and a follow current switch tube;
the driving control module drives the charging switch tube to be connected and the follow current switch tube to be disconnected so that the energy storage inductance module outputs low voltage while charging;
the driving control module drives the charging switch tube to be disconnected and the follow current switch tube to be connected, so that the energy storage inductance module discharges, and current flows through the third capacitor C3 and then outputs low voltage.
Furthermore, the number of the half-bridge circuit modules is three, and the half-bridge circuit modules are a first half-bridge circuit module, a second half-bridge circuit module and a third half-bridge circuit module;
the charging switch tube comprises a first charging switch tube S11, a second charging switch tube S21 and a third charging switch tube S31; the follow current switch tube comprises a first follow current switch tube S12, a second follow current switch tube S22 and a third follow current switch tube S32;
the driving control module drives a first charging switch tube S11 and a first follow current switch tube S12 of the first path of half-bridge circuit module to be alternately switched on or switched off so that the energy storage inductance module outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module enables the energy storage inductance module to output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of a second charging switch tube S21 and a second freewheeling switch tube S22 of the second half-bridge circuit module;
the driving control module enables the energy storage inductance module to output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of a third charging switch tube S31 and a third freewheeling switch tube S32 of the third half-bridge circuit module.
Further, the energy storage inductance module comprises a first energy storage inductance L1, a second energy storage inductance L2 and a third energy storage inductance L3;
the driving control module enables the first energy storage inductor L1 to output low voltage while charging or discharging by driving the first charging switch tube S11 and the first follow current switch tube S12 to be alternately switched on or off;
the driving control module drives a second charging switch tube S21 and a second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately switched on or switched off so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging.
Further, the driving control module comprises a first driving chip U1, a second driving chip U2, a third driving chip U3, and a control unit MCU for sending driving signals to the first driving chip U1, the second driving chip U2, and the third driving chip U3;
the first driving chip U1 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first follow current switch tube S12 to be alternately switched on or off according to the driving signal, so that the first energy storage inductor L1 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the second driving chip U2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the third driving chip U3 drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs a low voltage while charging or discharging.
Further, a first pin and a second pin of the first driving chip U1 are connected with the control unit MCU; a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; a sixth capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin, the ninth pin is grounded, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the first freewheeling switching tube S12 through a third resistor R3; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the first energy storage inductor L1, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with a fifth capacitor C5 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the first charging switch tube S11 through a second resistor R2; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Further, a first pin and a second pin of the second driving chip U2 are connected with the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a seventh capacitor C7 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin are connected with a ninth capacitor C9 in parallel, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with a power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the second freewheeling switching tube S22 through a sixth resistor R6; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the second energy storage inductor L2, and the two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with an eighth capacitor C8 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the second charging switch tube S21 through a fifth resistor R5; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the cathode of a second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Further, a first pin and a second pin of the third driver chip U3 are connected to the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a tenth capacitor C10 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power voltage VK, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power voltage VK; a twelfth capacitor C12 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the third freewheeling switching tube S32 through a ninth resistor R9; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the third energy storage inductor L3, and both ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with an eleventh capacitor C11 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with a third charging switch tube S31 through an eighth resistor R8; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of a third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Furthermore, the protection module comprises an input end reverse connection protection module arranged between the high-voltage power supply and the half-bridge circuit module; the input end reverse connection protection module comprises an input switch tube SB1, one end of the anode of a first built-in diode of the input switch tube SB1 is connected with a high-voltage power supply, and one end of the cathode of the first built-in diode is connected with the input end of the charging switch tube;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are correctly connected, the input switch tube SB1 is closed after the first built-in diode is conducted; when the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage power supply are wrongly accessed, the first built-in diode cannot be conducted, and the input switch tube SB1 keeps an off state.
Further, the input end reverse connection protection module further comprises a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the anode of the first built-in diode, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the first built-in diode, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the first built-in diode.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an output end reverse connection protection module arranged at the output end; the output end reverse connection protection module comprises an output switch tube SB2; the cathode of a second built-in diode of the output switch tube SB2 is connected to the rear end of the energy storage inductance module, and the anode of the second built-in diode is externally connected with a low-voltage power supply element;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element are correctly connected, the output switch tube SB2 is closed after the second built-in diode is conducted; when the positive and negative electrodes of the external low-voltage power supply element are wrongly connected, the second built-in diode cannot be conducted, and the output switch tube SB2 keeps a disconnected state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the scheme has the beneficial effects that:
when the driving control module drives each path of charging switch tube to be conducted and the follow current switch tube to be disconnected, the power supply voltage output end supplies power, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is equal to the input voltage, the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module rises according to an exponential curve, and the energy storage inductance module can block the current rise due to self-induced potential, so that the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy to be stored, and low-voltage output is realized; when the driving control module drives each path of charging switch tube to be disconnected and the follow current switch tube is connected, the energy storage inductance module converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the follow current switch tube plays a role of follow current, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is close to 0, and the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module drops in an exponential curve to realize low-voltage output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a high voltage input buck circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a buck circuit module of the high voltage input buck circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first driver U1 of a high-voltage input buck circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second driver U2 of a high-voltage input buck circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a third driver U3 of a high-voltage input buck circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a driving logic diagram of the first driver U1 of the high-voltage input buck circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a driving logic diagram of the second driver U2 of the high-voltage input buck circuit provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a driving logic diagram of a third driver U3 of the high-voltage input buck circuit according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a half-bridge circuit module; 2. a drive control module; 3. an energy storage inductance module; 4. the input end is reversely connected with the protection module; 5. the output end is reversely connected with the protection module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The terms "vertical", "lateral", "longitudinal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a high-voltage input buck circuit, which includes at least one half-bridge circuit module 1, a driving control module 2, and an energy storage inductor module 3; each half-bridge circuit module 1 comprises a charging switch tube and a follow current switch tube;
the driving control module 2 drives the charging switch tube to be conducted, and the follow current switch tube is disconnected, so that the energy storage inductance module 3 outputs low voltage while charging;
the driving control module 2 drives the charging switch tube to be disconnected and the follow current switch tube to be connected, so that the discharging current of the energy storage inductance module 3 flows through the third capacitor C3 and then outputs low voltage.
The working principle is as follows:
when the driving control module 2 drives the charging switch tube of each path to be switched on and the follow current switch tube to be switched off, the power supply voltage output end supplies power, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is equal to the input voltage, and the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module 3 rises according to an exponential curve, because the energy storage inductance module 3 can block the current from rising due to self-inductance potential, the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy to be stored; when the driving control module 2 drives the charging switch tube of each path to be disconnected and the follow current switch tube is switched on, the energy storage inductance module 3 converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the follow current switch tube plays a role of follow current, the voltage at two ends of the follow current switch tube is close to 0, the current flowing through the energy storage inductance module 3 is reduced in an exponential curve, and low-voltage output is realized.
In this embodiment, the freewheeling switching tube is used as the freewheeling element, and the problem of large loss occurring when the diode is used as the freewheeling element can be solved. The number of the half-bridge circuit modules 1 can be one, two or n, and n is more than or equal to 3. Preferably, the number of half-bridge circuit modules 1 is three.
In the present embodiment, the output terminal is connected to the low voltage power supply element, and the low voltage power supply element 5 is preferably a battery; the high voltage power supply is preferably a 200V dc power supply.
In the implementation, the charging switch tube is an IGBT or MOS tube; the follow current switch tube is an IGBT or MOS tube. Preferably, the charging switch tube and the follow current switch tube are both MOS tubes.
As shown in fig. 2, the number of the half-bridge circuit modules 1 is three, which are respectively a first half-bridge circuit module 10, a second half-bridge circuit module 20 and a third half-bridge circuit module 30;
the charging switch tube comprises a first charging switch tube S11, a second charging switch tube S21 and a third charging switch tube S31; the follow current switch tube comprises a first follow current switch tube S12, a second follow current switch tube S22 and a third follow current switch tube S32;
the driving control module 2 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first freewheeling switch tube S12 of the first half-bridge circuit module 10 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the energy storage inductance module 3 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging; namely, the driving control module 2 drives the first charging switch tube S11 to be turned on, and the first freewheeling switch tube S12 is turned off to charge the energy storage inductance module 3; by driving the first charging switch tube S11 to be disconnected, the first follow current switch tube S12 is conducted to discharge the energy storage inductance module 3, so that the rear end of the energy storage inductance module 3 outputs low voltage;
the driving control module 2 makes the energy storage inductance module 3 output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 of the second half-bridge circuit module 20; namely, the driving control module 2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 to be on and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be off to charge the energy storage inductance module 3; the energy storage inductance module 3 is discharged by driving the second charging switch tube S21 to be disconnected and driving the second follow current switch tube S22 to be connected, so that the rear end of the energy storage inductance module 3 outputs low voltage;
the driving control module 2 makes the energy storage inductance module 3 output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 of the third half-bridge circuit module 30; namely, the driving control module 2 drives the third charging switch tube S31 to be on and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be off to charge the energy storage inductance module 3; the energy storage inductance module 3 is discharged by driving the third charging switch tube S31 to be disconnected and the third follow current switch tube S32 to be connected, so that the rear end of the energy storage inductance module 3 outputs low voltage;
as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the energy storage inductance module 3 includes a first energy storage inductance L1, a second energy storage inductance L2, and a third energy storage inductance L3; the rear ends of the first energy storage inductor L1, the second energy storage inductor L2 and the third energy storage inductor L3 are connected in parallel and then output low voltage;
the driving control module 2 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first freewheeling switch tube S12 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the first energy storage inductor L1 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module 2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module 2 drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs a low voltage while charging or discharging.
Specifically, the drain of the first charging switch tube S11, the drain of the second charging switch tube S21 and the drain of the third charging switch tube S31 are connected in parallel and then connected to a high-voltage power supply;
one path of a source electrode of the first charging switch tube S11 is connected with the front end of the first energy storage inductor L1, and the other path of the source electrode is connected with a drain electrode of the first follow current switch tube S12; one path of the source electrode of the first follow current switching tube S12 is grounded, and the other path of the source electrode is connected with the rear end of the first energy storage inductor L1;
one path of the source electrode of the second charging switch tube S21 is connected with the front end of the second energy storage inductor L2, and the other path of the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the second follow current switch tube S22; one path of the source electrode of the second freewheeling switching tube S22 is grounded, and the other path of the source electrode is connected with the rear end of the second energy storage inductor L2;
one path of the source electrode of the third charging switch tube S31 is connected with the front end of the third energy storage inductor L3, and the other path of the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the third follow current switch tube S32; one path of the source electrode of the third freewheeling switching tube S32 is grounded, and the other path is connected with the rear end of the third energy storage inductor L3;
the rear end of the first energy storage inductor L1, the rear end of the second energy storage inductor L2 and the rear end of the third energy storage inductor L3 are connected in parallel and then connected with the third capacitor C3 and the output.
In the embodiment, because three half-bridge circuits are used for realizing voltage reduction, high voltage higher than 200V can be converted into low voltage, high-power high-voltage conversion can be realized, and the problems that the traditional voltage reduction circuit can only convert direct-current voltage lower than 150V into low voltage of 10-60V and cannot realize high-power high-voltage conversion are solved.
The operating principle of the first half-bridge circuit module 10 of this embodiment is as follows: the driving control module 2 drives the first charging switch tube S11 to be switched on, when the first follow current switch tube S12 is switched off, the positive voltage PV + of the high-voltage power supply supplies power to the rear end of the energy storage inductance module 3, the voltage of the first follow current switch tube S12 is equal to the input voltage, and the current i1 flowing through the first energy storage inductance L1 rises according to an exponential curve, because the first energy storage inductance L1 can block the current from rising due to self-inductance potential, the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy for storage; when the driving control module 2 drives the first charging switch tube S11 to be disconnected and the first follow current switch tube S12 to be connected, the first energy storage inductor L1 converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the first follow current switch tube S12 plays a role of follow current, the voltage at two ends of the first follow current switch tube S12 is close to 0, the current i1 flowing through the first energy storage inductor L1 is reduced in an exponential curve, and low-voltage output is realized.
The operating principle of the second half-bridge circuit module 20 of the present embodiment is: the driving control module 2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 to be conducted, when the second freewheeling switch tube S22 is disconnected, the positive voltage PV + of the high-voltage power supply supplies power to the rear end of the energy storage inductor module 3, the voltage of the second freewheeling switch tube S22 is equal to the input voltage, and the current i2 flowing through the second energy storage inductor L2 rises according to an exponential curve, because the second energy storage inductor L2 can block the current from rising due to self-induced potential, the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy for storage; when the driving control module 2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 to be disconnected and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be connected, the second energy storage inductor L2 converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the second freewheeling switch tube S22 plays a freewheeling role, the voltage at two ends of the second freewheeling switch tube S22 is close to 0, and the current i2 flowing through the second energy storage inductor L2 drops in an exponential curve to realize low-voltage output.
The operating principle of the third half-bridge circuit module 30 of this embodiment is: the driving control module 2 drives the third charging switch tube S31 to be conducted, when the third freewheeling switch tube S32 is disconnected, the positive voltage PV + of the high-voltage power supply supplies power to the rear end of the energy storage inductor module 3, the voltage of the third freewheeling switch tube S32 is equal to the input voltage, and the current i3 flowing through the third energy storage inductor L3 rises according to an exponential curve, because the third energy storage inductor L3 can block the current from rising due to self-induction potential, the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy for storage; when the driving control module 2 drives the third charging switch tube S31 to be disconnected and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be connected, the third energy storage inductor L3 converts magnetic energy into electric energy to discharge, the third freewheeling switch tube S32 plays a freewheeling role, the voltage at two ends of the third freewheeling switch tube S32 is close to 0, and the current i3 flowing through the third energy storage inductor L3 decreases in an exponential curve to realize low-voltage output.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3-fig. 5, the driving control module 2 includes a first driving chip U1, a second driving chip U2, a third driving chip U3, and a control unit MCU for sending driving signals to the first driving chip U1, the second driving chip U2, and the third driving chip U3;
the first driving chip U1 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first freewheeling switch tube S12 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the first energy storage inductor L1 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the second driving chip U2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs a low voltage while charging or discharging;
the third driving chip U3 drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs a low voltage while charging or discharging.
The model of the control unit MCU is TMS320F2803X series, such as TMS320F28034 or TMS320F28035.
As shown in fig. 3, a first pin and a second pin of the first driver chip U1 are connected to the control unit MCU; a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; a sixth capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin, the ninth pin is grounded, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the first freewheeling switching tube S12 through a third resistor R3; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the first energy storage inductor L1, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with a fifth capacitor C5 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the first charging switch tube S11 through a second resistor R2; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Specifically, the fourteenth pin is connected to the front end of the first energy storage inductor L1; the tenth pin is connected with the gate of the first freewheeling switching tube S12 through a third resistor R3; the fifteenth pin is connected to the gate of the first charge switch S11 through the second resistor R2. The fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU, specifically to a signal sent by the control unit MCU. From the data of the first driving chip U1 (model number of admm 3223), when VL is high, the output signal is low; when VL is low, the output signal coincides with the input signal.
The fourth capacitor C4, the sixth capacitor C6 and the fifth capacitor C5 are all patch capacitors and have a power supply high-frequency decoupling effect, namely, high-frequency interference carried by an external power supply is filtered, and the interference of the external signal is avoided by filtering high-frequency interference generated on a power supply signal of a chip in working.
The third resistor R3 is a driving gate-level resistor, which reduces the instantaneous current, reduces the oscillation, delays the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the first freewheeling switch transistor S12, and also helps to reduce the on-off stress of the first freewheeling switch transistor S12.
The second resistor R2 is a driving gate-level resistor, which reduces the instantaneous current, reduces the oscillation, delays the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the first charging switch tube S11, and also helps to reduce the on-off stress of the first charging switch tube S11.
The first resistor R1 is a current-limiting resistor and has a current-limiting function.
As shown in fig. 4, a first pin and a second pin of the second driver chip U2 are connected to the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a seventh capacitor C7 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin are connected with a ninth capacitor C9 in parallel, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with a power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the second freewheeling switching tube S22 through a sixth resistor R6; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the second energy storage inductor L2, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and two ends of the sixteenth pin are connected with an eighth capacitor C8 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the second charging switch tube S21 through a fifth resistor R5; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the cathode of a second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Specifically, the tenth pin is connected to the gate of the second freewheeling switching tube S22 through a sixth resistor R6; the fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the second energy storage inductor L2; the fifteenth pin is connected to the gate of the second charge switch S21 through a fifth resistor R5. The fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU, specifically to a signal sent by the control unit MCU. From the data of the second driving chip U2 (model number of admm 3223), when VL is high, the output signal is low; when VL is low, the output signal coincides with the input signal.
The seventh capacitor C7, the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 are all patch capacitors and have a power supply high-frequency decoupling function, namely, high-frequency interference carried by an external power supply is filtered, and the interference of the external signal is avoided by filtering high-frequency interference generated on a power supply signal of a chip in working.
The sixth resistor R6 is a driving gate-level resistor, which reduces the instantaneous current, reduces the oscillation, delays the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the second freewheeling switch transistor S22, and also helps to reduce the on-off stress of the second freewheeling switch transistor S22.
The fifth resistor R5 is a driving gate-level resistor, which reduces the transient current, reduces the oscillation, delays the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the second charging switch tube S21, and also helps to reduce the on-off stress of the second charging switch tube S21.
The fourth resistor R4 is a current-limiting resistor and has the function of limiting current.
As shown in fig. 5, a first pin and a second pin of the third driver chip U3 are connected to the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a tenth capacitor C10 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power voltage VK, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power voltage VK; the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin are connected with a twelfth capacitor C12 in parallel, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with a third freewheeling switching tube S32 through a ninth resistor R9; the fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the third energy storage inductor L3, and the two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with an eleventh capacitor C11 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with a third charging switch tube S31 through an eighth resistor R8; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of a third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
Specifically, the tenth pin is connected to the gate of the third freewheeling switching tube S32 through a ninth resistor R9; the fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the third energy storage inductor L3; the fifteenth pin is connected to the gate of the third charge switch S31 through an eighth resistor R8. The fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU, specifically to a signal sent by the control unit MCU. From the data of the third driving chip U3 (model number of admm 3223), when VL is high, the output signal is low; when VL is low, the output signal coincides with the input signal.
The tenth capacitor C10, the eleventh capacitor C11 and the twelfth capacitor C12 are all patch capacitors and have a power supply high-frequency decoupling function, namely, high-frequency interference carried by an external power supply is filtered, high-frequency interference generated on a power supply signal when the chip works is filtered, and the interference of the external signal is avoided.
The ninth resistor R9 is a driving gate-level resistor, which reduces the transient current, reduces the oscillation, delays the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the third freewheeling switch transistor S32, and also helps to reduce the on-off stress of the third freewheeling switch transistor S32.
The eighth resistor R8 is a driving gate-level resistor, so as to reduce the transient current, reduce the oscillation, delay the rising and falling rates of the gate voltage of the third charge switch tube S31, and reduce the on/off stress of the third charge switch tube S31.
The seventh resistor R7 is a current limiting resistor and has the function of limiting current.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the source of the freewheeling switch transistor is connected to the rear end of the energy storage inductor module 3 through a third capacitor C3. Specifically, the rear end of the first energy storage inductor L1, the rear end of the second energy storage inductor L2, and the rear end of the third energy storage inductor L3 are connected in parallel and then connected to the third capacitor C3. The third capacitor C3 is an electrolytic capacitor at the output end and plays a role in energy storage.
In order to avoid the wrong connection of the high-voltage power supply to the input terminal of the present embodiment, the high-voltage input step-down circuit of the present embodiment further includes an input terminal reverse connection protection module 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the input end reverse connection protection module 4 includes an input switch tube SB1, one end of an anode of a first built-in diode of the input switch tube SB1 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, and one end of a cathode of the first built-in diode is connected to the input end of the charging switch tube;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are correctly connected, the input switch tube SB1 is closed after the first built-in diode is conducted; when the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power supply are mistakenly connected, the first built-in diode cannot be conducted, the input switch tube SB1 is kept in a disconnected state, and therefore the problem that the positive and negative electrodes of the voltage of the external high-voltage power supply are reversely connected to damage a rear device is solved.
In other embodiments, the input switch tube SB1 may be a relay.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are correctly connected, that is, the positive electrode of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the drain electrode of the charging switch tube of each half-bridge circuit module 1; the expression "the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are connected incorrectly" means that the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the drain electrode of the charging switching tube of each half-bridge circuit module 1.
Further, the input end reverse connection protection module 4 further comprises a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the anode of the first built-in diode, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the cathode of the first built-in diode, and the other end is connected to the first built-in diode. The first capacitor C1 is an input safety capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is an electrolytic capacitor.
In order to prevent the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element (such as a battery) from being connected reversely, the high-voltage input step-down circuit of the embodiment further comprises an output end reverse connection protection module 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the output reverse connection protection module 5 includes an output switch tube SB2; the cathode of a second built-in diode of the output switch tube SB2 is connected to the rear end of the energy storage inductance module 3, and the anode of the second built-in diode is externally connected with a low-voltage power supply element;
on the premise that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are correctly connected, when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element are correctly connected, the second built-in diode is conducted, and then the output switch tube SB2 is closed; when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element are mistakenly connected, the second built-in diode cannot be conducted, and the output switch tube SB2 keeps a disconnected state, so that the situation that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element are connected and the device is damaged is avoided.
In other embodiments, the output switch tube SB2 may be a relay.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply element are correctly connected, that is, the positive electrode of the low-voltage power supply element is connected with the low-voltage end of the energy storage inductance module 3; the expression "the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply element is wrongly connected" means that the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply element is connected to the low-voltage end of the energy storage inductor module 3.
When the high-voltage input voltage reduction circuit of the embodiment is used for reducing the voltage, the specific process is as follows:
the control unit MCU simultaneously sends driving signals to the first driving chip U1, the second driving chip U2 and the third driving chip U3 according to the driving logic shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8; the first driving chip U1 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first follow current switch tube S12 to be alternately switched on or switched off according to the driving signal; the second driving chip U2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S222 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal; the third driving chip U3 drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so as to achieve the purpose of voltage reduction.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described parent features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-voltage input voltage reduction circuit is characterized by comprising at least one path of half-bridge circuit module (1), a drive control module (2) and an energy storage inductance module (3); each path of half-bridge circuit module (1) comprises a charging switch tube and a follow current switch tube;
the driving control module (2) drives the charging switch tube to be connected, and the follow current switch tube is disconnected, so that the energy storage inductance module (3) is charged and outputs low voltage;
the driving control module (2) drives the charging switch tube to be disconnected, and the follow current switch tube to be connected, so that the energy storage inductance module (3) discharges, and current flows through the third capacitor C3 and then low voltage is output.
2. The high-voltage input buck circuit according to claim 1, wherein the number of the half-bridge circuit modules (1) is three, and the half-bridge circuit modules are a first half-bridge circuit module (10), a second half-bridge circuit module (20) and a third half-bridge circuit module (30);
the charging switch tube comprises a first charging switch tube S11, a second charging switch tube S21 and a third charging switch tube S31; the follow current switch tube comprises a first follow current switch tube S12, a second follow current switch tube S22 and a third follow current switch tube S32;
the driving control module (2) drives a first charging switch tube S11 and a first follow current switch tube S12 of the first path of half-bridge circuit module (10) to be alternately switched on or switched off so that the energy storage inductance module (3) outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module (2) enables the energy storage inductance module (3) to output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of a second charging switch tube S21 and a second freewheeling switch tube S22 of a second half-bridge circuit module (20);
the driving control module (2) enables the energy storage inductance module (3) to output low voltage while charging or discharging through the alternate conduction or disconnection of a third charging switch tube S31 and a third freewheeling switch tube S32 of a third half-bridge circuit module (30).
3. The high-voltage input buck circuit according to claim 2, wherein the energy storage inductor module (3) includes a first energy storage inductor L1, a second energy storage inductor L2, and a third energy storage inductor L3;
the driving control module (2) drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first follow current switch tube S12 to be alternately switched on or off so that the first energy storage inductor L1 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module (2) drives a second charging switch tube S21 and a second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately switched on or off so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the driving control module (2) drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately switched on or off, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging.
4. The high-voltage input voltage-reducing circuit according to claim 3, wherein the driving control module (2) comprises a first driving chip U1, a second driving chip U2, a third driving chip U3, and a control unit MCU for sending driving signals to the first driving chip U1, the second driving chip U2, and the third driving chip U3;
the first driving chip U1 drives the first charging switch tube S11 and the first freewheeling switch tube S12 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the first energy storage inductor L1 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the second driving chip U2 drives the second charging switch tube S21 and the second freewheeling switch tube S22 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the second energy storage inductor L2 outputs low voltage while charging or discharging;
the third driving chip U3 drives the third charging switch tube S31 and the third freewheeling switch tube S32 to be alternately turned on or off according to the driving signal, so that the third energy storage inductor L3 outputs a low voltage while charging or discharging.
5. The high-voltage input voltage-reducing circuit according to claim 4, wherein a first pin and a second pin of the first driving chip U1 are connected with the control unit MCU; a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; a sixth capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin, the ninth pin is grounded, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the first freewheeling switching tube S12 through a third resistor R3; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the first energy storage inductor L1, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with a fifth capacitor C5 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the first charging switch tube S11 through a second resistor R2; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
6. The high-voltage input voltage-reducing circuit according to claim 4, wherein a first pin and a second pin of the second driving chip U2 are connected with the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a seventh capacitor C7 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power supply voltage VN; the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin are connected with a ninth capacitor C9 in parallel, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with a power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the second freewheeling switching tube S22 through a sixth resistor R6; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the second energy storage inductor L2, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and two ends of the sixteenth pin are connected with an eighth capacitor C8 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with the second charging switch tube S21 through a fifth resistor R5; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the cathode of a second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
7. The high-voltage input voltage-reducing circuit according to claim 4, wherein a first pin and a second pin of the third driver chip U3 are connected with the control unit MCU; the two ends of the third pin and the fourth pin are connected with a tenth capacitor C10 in parallel, the third pin is connected with a power voltage VK, and the fourth pin is grounded GND; the fifth pin is connected with the control unit MCU; the eighth pin is connected with a power voltage VK; the two ends of the ninth pin and the eleventh pin are connected with a twelfth capacitor C12 in parallel, the ninth pin is grounded GND, and the eleventh pin is connected with the power supply voltage VP; the tenth pin is connected with the third freewheeling switching tube S32 through a ninth resistor R9; a fourteenth pin is connected with the front end of the third energy storage inductor L3, and two ends of the fourteenth pin and the sixteenth pin are connected with an eleventh capacitor C11 in parallel; the fifteenth pin is connected with a third charging switch tube S31 through an eighth resistor R8; the sixteenth pin is connected with one end of a seventh resistor R7, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of a third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected with the power supply voltage VP.
8. The high-voltage input buck circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an input reverse connection protection module (4) disposed between a high-voltage power supply and the half-bridge circuit module (1); the input end reverse connection protection module (4) comprises an input switch tube SB1, one end of the anode of a first built-in diode of the input switch tube SB1 is connected with a high-voltage power supply, and one end of the cathode of the first built-in diode is connected with the input end of the charging switch tube;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply are correctly connected, the input switch tube SB1 is closed after the first built-in diode is conducted; when the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage power supply are wrongly accessed, the first built-in diode cannot be conducted, and the input switch tube SB1 keeps an off state.
9. The high-voltage input buck circuit according to claim 8, wherein the input-side reverse-connection protection module (4) further comprises a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the anode of the first built-in diode, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the first built-in diode, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the first built-in diode.
10. The high-voltage input voltage-reducing circuit according to claim 8, further comprising an output end reverse-connection protection module (5) arranged at the output end; the output end reverse connection protection module (5) comprises an output switch tube SB2; the cathode of a second built-in diode of the output switch tube SB2 is connected to the rear end of the energy storage inductance module (3), and the anode of the second built-in diode is externally connected with a low-voltage power supply element;
when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external low-voltage power supply element are correctly connected, the output switch tube SB2 is closed after the second built-in diode is conducted; when the positive and negative electrodes of the external low-voltage power supply element are wrongly connected, the second built-in diode cannot be conducted, and the output switch tube SB2 keeps a disconnected state.
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| CN202110583865.5A CN115411937A (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2021-05-27 | High-voltage input voltage reduction circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117792064A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-03-29 | 美世乐(广东)新能源科技有限公司 | Auxiliary power supply system of photovoltaic inverter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117792064A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-03-29 | 美世乐(广东)新能源科技有限公司 | Auxiliary power supply system of photovoltaic inverter |
| CN117792064B (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-05-07 | 美世乐(广东)新能源科技有限公司 | Auxiliary power supply system of photovoltaic inverter |
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