CN111953058A - Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111953058A
CN111953058A CN202010972855.6A CN202010972855A CN111953058A CN 111953058 A CN111953058 A CN 111953058A CN 202010972855 A CN202010972855 A CN 202010972855A CN 111953058 A CN111953058 A CN 111953058A
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China
Prior art keywords
diode
resistor
cathode
capacitor
voltage
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CN202010972855.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111953058B (en
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胡云平
王少忠
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Chongqing Yuxin Pingrui Electronic Co ltd
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Chongqing Yuxin Pingrui Electronic Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H02J7/24—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/02—Dynamic electric resistor braking
    • B60L7/08—Controlling the braking effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1; the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller; and the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of the motor drive controller. The device can be used as an additional functional module, can be installed on the existing electric vehicle, prolongs the service life of the battery pack BT and the driving controller, and ensures the safety of the battery pack BT and the driving controller.

Description

Circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of adjusting circuits, in particular to a circuit structure for adjusting overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle.
Background
The general frequency converter and the servo inverter are used for processing feedback energy, and the feedback energy is generally fed back to a power grid or energy loss is carried out by adopting a brake resistor.
Feeding back the power grid: the feedback current is fed back to the battery pack on the electric automobile, most of the previous electric battery packs adopt lead-acid batteries, and the feedback current can directly charge the lead-acid batteries. Due to the problems of volume, weight, service life, etc. of lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have now entered a large-scale application phase. There is a growing trend to replace lead acid batteries. However, the lithium battery has high requirements on the charging current and voltage, and if the lithium battery is not charged within the allowed normal parameters, the service life of the lithium battery is greatly shortened or the lithium battery is permanently damaged or exploded. The electric vehicle needs rapid deceleration and rapid braking in many times during the running process. Therefore, the feedback voltage is high, the current is large, and the feedback current cannot be directly used for charging the lithium battery pack.
Braking resistance: the general frequency converter or the servo motor drives, and the work of the brake resistor is carried out according to the voltage value of the direct current bus. When the feedback energy is charged on the rectifying filter capacitor, the capacitor voltage is increased, when the working voltage of the brake chopper is reached, the brake resistor is put into operation to consume the energy, the capacitor discharge voltage is reduced, and when the working voltage returns to a normal value, the brake resistor is cut off to perform the next energy feedback preparation, namely, the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor is always ensured not to exceed or be lower than the normal working range. However, when the electric vehicle is operated and used, the situation of the lithium battery is changed, because the voltage of the lithium battery is not a fixed value, when the voltage of the battery is lower, the voltage difference between the feedback voltage and the battery is very high, and the charging voltage and the current of the lithium battery greatly exceed the allowed safety value of the lithium battery, the universal braking unit cannot be directly used, otherwise, the lithium battery pack is easily subjected to high voltage and high current charging, so that the lithium battery pack is damaged, exploded or the service life of the lithium battery pack is greatly reduced. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a circuit structure for adjusting the energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle to be too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is that the electric vehicle needs to rapidly switch the motion states such as forward, backward, left turn, right turn, brake and the like in the high-speed running process. A process of rapidly decelerating the motor from a high speed or rapidly braking the motor is required. At the moment, the rotor of the motor, which is in inertial high-speed motion, can cut the magnetic force lines of the motor, so that the motor is in a power generation running state, and a large amount of regenerated electric energy is generated.
The regenerated electric energy can charge the battery pack through an internal loop of the controller, the lithium battery enters a large number of application stages at present, and the battery pack is irreversibly damaged because the lithium battery has high requirements on voltage and current due to charging, the charged voltage is fed back, and the current is greater than the safety value of the battery pack. The device disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out one-way isolation on voltage and current fed back by the motor, and the current is not fed back to the lithium battery pack, so that only the lithium battery pack is used for providing discharge current when the electric vehicle runs, and the safety of the lithium battery is ensured.
The overhigh feedback voltage is isolated from the battery pack by the high-power diode, cannot be absorbed by the battery pack and is completely applied to the motor driving controller, so that the voltage can be instantly increased and greatly exceeds the safe voltage value of the internal components of the controller. This condition will burn out the controller and risk the safety of the short circuit combustion.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides an adjust too high circuit structure of electric motor car energy repayment voltage which characterized in that: the circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of the motor drive controller;
a first branch of a cathode of the diode D1 is connected with an input end of a power circuit, a first output branch of the power circuit is connected with a first end of a resistor R5, a second end of the resistor R5 is connected with a negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube U1, an anode of the voltage regulator tube U1 is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack BT, and a second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with a reverse end of a comparator IC 2;
the second output branch of the power circuit is connected with the output end of a comparator IC1 through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4 in sequence, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of a resistor R1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1 and the base electrode of a triode Q3 respectively;
the third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q3, and the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT;
the second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
the common terminal of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected to the common terminal of the comparator IC2 via a resistor R8.
Further: and a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery BT.
Further: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
Further: the power supply circuit comprises a voltage reduction chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1 and a voltage regulator tube ZD 1;
pins 5 and 6 of the voltage reduction chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of a diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery BT in a bridging manner;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage regulator tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery BT;
the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the pin 7 of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is further connected to one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the cathode of a diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is further connected to one end of an inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4.
Further: a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are connected between the common-direction terminal and the output terminal of the comparator IC2, respectively.
Further: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: first, the present invention does not use a complicated circuit to sample and compare the feedback voltage and the battery voltage, and controls the charging current by calculating the voltage difference. The feedback voltage is directly sampled, and when the feedback energy voltage is increased to the protective working voltage of the device, the bleeder resistor is put into operation to consume redundant feedback energy, so that the overall reliability is improved, and the cost is reduced; the device can be used as an additional functional module, can be installed on the existing electric vehicle, prolongs the service life of the battery pack BT and the driving controller, and ensures the safety of the battery pack BT and the driving controller.
Secondly, in the circuit structure, the power diode D1 is used for carrying out forward isolation on the battery pack BT and the motor drive controller, so that the feedback voltage of the motor drive controller and the battery are not allowed to enter the battery pack BT, and the battery pack BT can provide the current of the motor drive controller in the forward direction. The voltage reduction chip IC1 provides a driving voltage of the power discharge tube and a reference voltage of feedback voltage sampling, the feedback voltage is detected in real time, when the feedback voltage is higher than a set value, (the set value is higher than the highest voltage of the battery set BT and lower than the highest safe voltage of the motor driving controller), the IC2B turns over, the power discharge tube Q2 is controlled to be opened, the power discharge resistor is switched on, and the feedback voltage higher than the set value is discharged.
When the feedback voltage drops below the set value, the IC2 will control the power discharge tube to close, stopping the discharge. And performing next energy feedback preparation, namely always ensuring that the voltage at two ends of the motor driving controller does not exceed or fall below the normal working range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of an applied circuit structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1: the motor driving control device comprises a battery pack BT, a motor driving controller, a motor and the circuit structure of the invention, wherein the motor driving controller comprises a positive output V + and a negative output V-.
The circuit structure of the invention is a circuit structure for adjusting the overhigh energy feedback voltage of an electric vehicle, which comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
the anode of the battery BT is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of the motor drive controller;
the cathode first branch of the diode D1 is connected with the input port of the power circuit, and a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery BT.
The first output branch of the power circuit is connected with the first end of a resistor R5, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected with the negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube U1, the anode of the voltage regulator tube U1 is connected with the negative electrode of a battery pack BT, and the second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with the reverse end of a comparator IC 2;
the second output branch of the power circuit is connected with the output end of a comparator IC1 through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4 in sequence, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of a resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1 and the base electrode of a triode Q3 respectively, and a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are connected between the same-direction end and the output end of the comparator IC2 in a bridging mode respectively.
The third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q3, and the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT;
the second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
the common terminal of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected to the common terminal of the comparator IC2 via a resistor R8, and a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both terminals of the resistor R11.
In the embodiment, the voltage power supply circuit adopts a specific structure that the voltage power supply circuit comprises a voltage reduction chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1 and a voltage regulator tube ZD 1;
in the invention, the model of the voltage reduction chip IC1 is PN6055, and the PN6055 is a DC voltage reduction chip.
Pins 5 and 6 of the voltage reduction chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of a diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery BT in a bridging manner;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage regulator tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery BT;
the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the pin 7 of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is further connected to one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the cathode of a diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is further connected to one end of an inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4.
The working principle of the power circuit is that the type of the voltage reduction chip IC1 is PN6055, and the PN6055 is a DC voltage reduction chip.
The diode D2, the diode D4, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C10, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, the resistor R13, the inductor L1 and the voltage regulator ZD1 form a DC/DC voltage reduction circuit to provide driving voltage for the discharging MOS tube.
The pin 5 and the pin 6 of the input pin of the voltage reduction chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of the diode D3, the diode D3 realizes the isolation from the input voltage, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery BT in a bridging manner; the function is to filter the voltage at the high voltage input terminal.
The power supply pin 1 of the voltage reduction chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the power supply pin 1 st pin of the voltage reduction chip IC1 and the GND pin 7 pin of the voltage reduction chip IC1 are connected with the capacitor C4, and the power supply pins play a role in filtering the power supply end of the voltage reduction chip IC1, so that the power supply voltage of the voltage reduction chip pin 1 is smooth.
The anode of the diode D2 is the voltage output end of the buck chip IC 1;
after the voltage of the output end is stabilized, the output voltage supplies power to the buck chip IC1 through the diode D2.
A capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage regulator tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery BT;
the capacitor C9 and the capacitor C10 filter the voltage of +15V output after voltage reduction, and the resistor R10 is a dummy load resistor, so that the output voltage is more stable.
The voltage regulator ZD1 is an output voltage protection voltage regulator, and limits the highest voltage to 16V.
The diode D4 is a freewheeling diode, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the GND pin 7 of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT, the anode of the diode D2 is also connected with one end of an energy storage inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D4.
When the voltage of the diode D3 is initially turned on, high voltage is input through the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the input pin of the buck chip IC1, a loop is formed from the pin 7 of the buck chip IC1 through the inductor L1, the resistor R13 and the diode D4, the voltage at the right end of the inductor L1 is input from the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 through the diode D2 to provide stable voltage for the buck chip IC1, and on the other hand, the common end of the inductor L1 and the diode D2 provides reference voltage for the MOS tube Q1, the MOS tube Q3 and the IC 2.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the battery BT is positively isolated from the motor drive controller and the circuit of the invention through a high-power diode D1, so that the battery BT can supply power to the motor drive controller and the circuit of the invention, but the feedback voltage and current of the motor cannot return to the battery BT.
The capacitor C5 and the capacitor C6 form power supply filtering at the two ends of the positive electrode V + and the negative electrode V-of the battery BT.
The power supply circuit structure composed of the buck chip IC1, the peripheral element diode D2, the diode D3, the diode D4, the voltage regulator tube ZD1, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C12, the inductor L1 and the resistor R13 provides driving voltage for the triode Q1 and the triode Q3 respectively.
Meanwhile, the output circuit of the power supply circuit provides a reference voltage to the reverse end of the comparator IC2B after being regulated by the resistor R5 and the regulator tube U1.
The resistor R3, the resistor R11, the resistor R12, the resistor R8 and the capacitor C8 provide real-time detection voltages of a positive output V + and a negative output V-of the motor drive controller for the same-direction end of the comparator IC 2B.
The triode Q1 and the triode Q3 form a totem circuit to provide enough driving current for the driving of the MOS transistor Q2. The resistor R2 is a power discharge resistor and the MOS transistor Q2 form a feedback energy discharge circuit.
The motor driving controller is used for adding feedback voltage of a motor to two ends of a positive output V + and a negative output V-when the electric vehicle is subjected to rapid deceleration and rapid braking, and the feedback voltage is sent to a pin 5 of a comparator IC2B through a real-time voltage sampling circuit consisting of a resistor R3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12 and a capacitor C8.
A reference voltage is set for a pin 6 of the comparator IC2B through a resistor R5 and a voltage stabilizing diode U1, when the pin 5 voltage of the comparator IC2B is lower than the reference voltage, the pin 7 output of the comparator IC2B is low, a triode Q1 is not conducted, a MOS transistor Q2 is not conducted, a capacitor in the MOS transistor Q2 flows into the cathode of the battery pack through the triode Q3, and charges in the MOS transistor Q2 are released;
when the 5 pin of the comparator IC2B detects that the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the 7 pin output of the comparator IC2B is high, the MOS transistor Q2 is conducted, the voltage of the positive output V + passes through the power-on bleeder resistor R1, and the D pole and the S pole of the MOS transistor Q2 are connected to the negative output V-, so that a bleeder circuit is formed, and the electric energy is consumed. The voltage between the positive output V + and the negative output V-is controlled within a set range.
When the voltage between the positive output V + and the negative output V-returns to the set normal value after discharging, the output of the pin 7 of the comparator IC2B is low, the MOS tube Q2 is closed, the discharging loop is cut off, the next energy feedback preparation is carried out, the switch is not stopped to discharge, and the voltage between the positive output V + and the negative output V-is always beyond or lower than the set normal working range.
Setting the maximum voltage which is higher than the maximum voltage which can be reached by the normal charging of the battery BT so as to prevent the electric energy of the battery BT from being discharged when the discharging loop works;
the set value is required to be lower than the highest safe working voltage of the motor drive controller, and the motor drive controller can be damaged after the set value is exceeded.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an adjust too high circuit structure of electric motor car energy repayment voltage which characterized in that: the circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a comparator IC2, a triode Q1, a triode Q3, a MOS tube Q2 and a diode D1;
the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the motor drive controller, and the cathode of the battery BT is connected with the cathode of the motor drive controller;
the U phase, the V phase and the W phase of the motor are respectively connected with corresponding ports of the motor drive controller;
a first branch of a cathode of the diode D1 is connected with an input end of a power circuit, a first output branch of the power circuit is connected with a first end of a resistor R5, a second end of the resistor R5 is connected with a negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube U1, an anode of the voltage regulator tube U1 is connected with a negative electrode of a battery pack BT, and a second end of the resistor R5 is also connected with a reverse end of a comparator IC 2;
the second output branch of the power circuit is connected with the output end of a comparator IC1 through a resistor R1 and a resistor R4 in sequence, the output end of the comparator IC1 is connected with the first end of a resistor R1, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1 and the base electrode of a triode Q3 respectively;
the third output branch of the power supply circuit is connected with the collector of a triode Q1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q3, and the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery BT;
the emitter of the triode Q1 is also connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R7 and a resistor R10;
the common end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1 through the resistor R2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT;
the second branch of the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the battery BT through a resistor R3 and a resistor R11;
the common terminal of the resistor R3 and the resistor R11 is connected to the common terminal of the comparator IC2 via a resistor R8.
2. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein the circuit structure is used for adjusting the energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle, and comprises: and a capacitor C5 and a capacitor C6 are respectively connected in parallel between the cathode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the battery BT.
3. The circuit structure of claim 2, wherein the circuit structure is further configured to adjust an energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle, and comprises: a resistor R12 is connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R11.
4. The circuit structure of claim 3, wherein the circuit structure is used for adjusting the energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle, and comprises: the power supply circuit comprises a voltage reduction chip IC1, a diode D2, a diode D4, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a resistor R13, an inductor L1 and a voltage regulator tube ZD 1;
pins 5 and 6 of the voltage reduction chip IC1 are connected with the cathode of a diode D3, and a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12 are respectively connected between the diode D3 and the cathode of the battery BT in a bridging manner;
the pin 1 of the buck chip IC1 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is the output end of the buck chip IC 1;
a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a voltage regulator tube ZD1 are respectively connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the battery BT;
the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the pin 7 of the buck chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the battery BT, the cathode of the diode D4 is further connected to one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the cathode of a diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is further connected to one end of an inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4.
5. The circuit structure of claim 4, wherein the circuit structure is used for adjusting the energy feedback voltage of the electric vehicle, and comprises: a resistor R9 and a capacitor C13 are connected between the common-direction terminal and the output terminal of the comparator IC2, respectively.
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