CN111926762A - Device and method for preventing damage of freezing to wading building - Google Patents
Device and method for preventing damage of freezing to wading building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111926762A CN111926762A CN201910334307.8A CN201910334307A CN111926762A CN 111926762 A CN111926762 A CN 111926762A CN 201910334307 A CN201910334307 A CN 201910334307A CN 111926762 A CN111926762 A CN 111926762A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 301
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002640 oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269978 Pleuronectiformes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/003—Mechanically induced gas or liquid streams in seas, lakes or water-courses for forming weirs or breakwaters; making or keeping water surfaces free from ice, aerating or circulating water, e.g. screens of air-bubbles against sludge formation or salt water entry, pump-assisted water circulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/10—Cleaning bottoms or walls of ponds or receptacles
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing, and the device comprises a fish culture box body fixed with the wading building through a fixing structure, wherein the fish culture box body partially extends into a water body; the fish culture box is filled with salt water containing a certain amount of salt, and salt water fish is put into the salt water; the fish culture box body is also internally provided with a heating mechanism, and is also provided with a water delivery mechanism, a pollution discharge mechanism and an oxygen delivery mechanism; and a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a solar cell panel for providing electric energy for the whole device by using solar energy are arranged on the top end surface of the fish culture box body. According to the invention, the fish culture box body is arranged around the wading building, and the salt water fish is fed in the fish culture box body, so that on one hand, the freezing point of the salt water is lower than that of the common fresh water, and on the other hand, the salt water can be heated through the heating mechanism, so that the salt water in the fish culture box body is prevented from being frozen in winter, and the wading building is prevented from being frozen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building equipment, in particular to a device and a method for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing.
Background
The foundation of a building in the south is mostly buried under water flow, and some buildings in the north are buried under the water flow, so that the water surface can be frozen in cold winter, and the ice pressure has great damage effect on the winter operation of the wading building, such as ice pressure, freeze-thaw damage and the like.
The following main types of protective measures are currently used to prevent damage to buildings from icing:
1. the pressure aeration method is to make the water surface layer and the lower layer to convect forcibly by compressed air to prevent the building from icing in front.
2. The pressure water filling method is to pump the lower water layer with high temperature to near the water surface with a submersible pump to stir and heat the surface water around the building to avoid freezing.
3. The ice breaking method is mainly to break ice manually or mechanically to avoid over-icing of the surrounding water body of the building.
4. Optimizing building materials or structures to resist ice loads.
The above main protection measures have the following drawbacks and disadvantages:
1. the inflation method and the water filling method need to be independently provided with relevant equipment and are matched with corresponding electric facilities, so that on one hand, the energy consumption is increased, and on the other hand, hidden dangers exist in areas with low power supply failure rate;
2. the ice breaking method increases the management cost, and corresponding management personnel and equipment need to be additionally equipped in low-temperature seasons;
3. common methods for optimizing building materials or structures are increasing the grade of the concrete, adding antifreeze agents or increasing the size of the structure, all of which increase the construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for preventing an icing from damaging a wading building, and aims to solve the problems that an icing method of an inflation method and a water inflation method increases energy consumption and has hidden danger, an icing method increases management cost, building materials or structures are optimized to increase construction cost, energy consumption and management cost are reduced, the icing condition of the wading building is effectively prevented, and the icing cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A device for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing comprises a fish culturing box body which is fixed with the wading building through a fixing structure and is hermetically arranged on the periphery, wherein the fish culturing box body partially extends into a water body which is arranged around the wading building; the fish culture box is filled with salt water containing a certain amount of salt, and salt water fish is put into the salt water; the fish culturing box body is also internally provided with a heating mechanism which is arranged in the salt water and used for heating the salt water so as to prevent a wading building from freezing, and is also provided with a water conveying mechanism for conveying the salt water into the fish culturing box body, a sewage discharging mechanism for discharging sewage in the fish culturing box body and an oxygen conveying mechanism for introducing oxygen into the salt water so as to ensure the survival rate of the salt water fish; the top end face of the fish culture box body is provided with a PLC controller used for controlling the whole operation of the device and a solar cell panel used for utilizing solar energy to provide electric energy for the whole device, and the controlled ends of the heating mechanism, the water delivery mechanism, the sewage discharge mechanism and the oxygen delivery mechanism are respectively connected to the output end of the PLC controller.
According to the technical scheme, the fish culture box comprises a rectangular rubber box body with an opening at the top, transparent glass fixedly arranged at the top end of the rubber box body and used for transmitting sunlight to ensure the requirement of the salt water fish on the sunlight, and a heat insulation layer arranged on the inner wall of the rubber box body and used for insulating the salt water in the box body so as to reduce the heat transfer between the salt water in the box body and the outside, wherein an iron frame body used for arranging the rubber box body in the rubber box body is further arranged on the outer side of the rubber box body; the fixed knot constructs including fixed set up the crab-bolt on the iron frame body that contacts with wading building and one end and crab-bolt articulate mutually and the other end and wading building looks fixed connection be used for the bolt on the box is fixed to wading building lateral wall of breeding fish.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, a fine sand layer and water plants growing in the fine sand layer are arranged at the bottom end in the fish culture box body; the heating mechanism comprises a heating pipe transversely arranged in the fine sand layer in a penetrating mode, and the controlled end of the heating pipe is connected to the output end of the PLC.
Further optimize technical scheme, water delivery mechanism holds the pond including the salt water that is used for holding the salt water, sets up water pump and the inlet channel that one end and water pump play water end in the salt water holds the pond and be linked together and the other end inserts the box of breeding fish, is provided with the inlet solenoid valve that whether is used for controlling the inlet channel to open on the inlet channel, and the controlled end of water pump and inlet solenoid valve is connected respectively in the output of PLC controller.
According to the technical scheme, the sewage draining mechanism comprises a sewage draining pipeline arranged at the bottom end of the side wall which is not in contact with the wading building and a sewage draining electromagnetic valve arranged on the sewage draining pipeline, the controlled end of the sewage draining electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of the PLC, one end of the sewage draining pipeline is communicated with the salt water in the fish culturing box body, and the other end of the sewage draining pipeline is communicated with the water body; the sewage discharge pipeline is also provided with a one-way valve for preventing water in the water body from flowing into the fish culture box body when sewage is discharged on the sewage discharge pipeline.
Further optimize technical scheme, oxygen therapy mechanism is including inserting the inside supplementary feeding pipe of box salt water of breeding fish, the oxygen therapy pump that sets up with the supplementary feeding pipe intercommunication and set up the supplementary feeding solenoid valve on the supplementary feeding pipe, and the controlled end of supplementary feeding solenoid valve and oxygen therapy pump is connected respectively in the output of PLC controller.
Further optimize technical scheme, still be provided with the light filling lamp that is used for providing the light for the salt water fish in the box of breeding fish when solar ray is not enough on the top inner wall of the box of breeding fish, the controlled end of light filling lamp is connected in the output of PLC controller.
Further optimize technical scheme, the inner wall of the box of breeding fish has set gradually high water level sensor and low water level sensor down from last, still is provided with the dissolved oxygen sensor who is used for detecting the internal salt water oxygen content of box of breeding fish and is used for detecting the temperature sensor of the internal salt water temperature of box of breeding fish on the inner wall of the box of breeding fish, and the signal output part of high water level sensor, low water level sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor and temperature sensor connects respectively in the input of PLC controller.
Further optimize technical scheme, the top of box of breeding fish still is provided with the input mouth that is used for carrying on the input of salt water fish, catching of salt water fish, input bait, and input mouth department lid is equipped with the switch door that is connected through the hinge and the top of box of breeding fish.
A method for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, mounting a fish farming box body through a fixing structure before the ice-forming period every year, wherein the water inlet depth of the fish farming box body is 0.5-1.0 m, the water height is about 0.5m, the width is about 2m, and the length is determined by the anti-freezing range of a wading building;
secondly, arranging a fine sand layer on the bottom layer in the fish culture box body, and planting water plants above the fine sand layer, wherein the water plants are seaweed and seaweed;
thirdly, transversely arranging a plurality of heating pipes above the fine sand layer; arranging a solar cell panel and a PLC (programmable logic controller) above the top end of the fish culture box body, and setting a temperature value and an oxygen content value in the PLC; arranging a light supplement lamp on the inner wall of the top end of the fish culture box body; arranging a high water level sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a water temperature sensor and a low water level sensor on the inner wall of the fish culture box body from top to bottom in sequence;
step four, injecting saline water into the fish farming box body through the water conveying mechanism; the PLC controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, simultaneously controls the water pump to operate, pumps the saline water in the saline water containing pool to the water inlet pipeline, and injects water into the fish culturing box body through the water inlet pipeline; the water injection height should be higher than the height of the low water level sensor and lower than the height of the high water level sensor; when the injected water is higher than the high water level sensor, the high water level sensor sends a high water level instruction to the PLC, and the PLC controls the water pump to stop operating and simultaneously controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve to be closed;
step five, putting the salted fish; opening the switch door, and throwing the salt water fish from the throwing opening, wherein the species of the salt water fish are flatfish, yellow croaker and grouper living in the sea shallow water layer.
Step six, the oxygen delivery mechanism introduces oxygen into the saline water in the fish culture box body; when the dissolved oxygen sensor detects that the oxygen content in the salt water is lower than a set value, the dissolved oxygen sensor feeds a low-oxygen signal in the salt water back to the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the oxygen delivery pump to operate and controls the supplementary feeding electromagnetic valve to be opened, and oxygen is introduced into the fish culture box body through the supplementary feeding pipe;
step seven, the heating mechanism heats the saline water in the fish culture box body; when the outside temperature is lower than minus centigrade, and the water temperature sensor detects that the water temperature is lower than a set value, the water temperature information is fed back to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the operation of the heating pipe and controls the heating temperature of the heating pipe to be 15-26 degrees.
Step eight, the light supplementing lamp illuminates the saltwater fish in the fish culture box body; when the external sunlight is insufficient, the PLC controls the light supplement lamp to operate;
step nine, periodically discharging the salt water in the fish culture box body; the PLC controls the blow-down electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the saline water in the fish culture box body is discharged through a blow-down pipeline;
step ten, regularly throwing baits; bait is put into the fish culturing box body through the putting opening;
step eleven, after the icing period is finished, salvaging the salt water fish in the fish culture box body, and dismantling the fish culture box body;
in the above steps, the salinity of the saline water injected in the fourth step is 35 per thousand, and the freezing point of the saline water is lower than that of the common fresh water;
and in the step seven, the heating mechanism is directly powered by the solar cell panel, the heating temperature of the heating mechanism can be controlled by the PLC, and the heating mechanism not only heats the saline water in the fish culture box body, but also heats the wading building through a heat transfer principle.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.
According to the invention, the fish culture box body is arranged around the wading building, and the salt water fish is cultured in the fish culture box body, so that on one hand, the freezing point of the salt water is lower than that of the common fresh water, and on the other hand, the salt water can be heated through the heating mechanism, so that the salt water in the fish culture box body is ensured not to be frozen in winter, and further the wading building is ensured not to be frozen.
The transparent glass in the fish culture box body greatly increases the light transmittance, facilitates the collection of light and the growth of salt water fish, and the iron frame body is convenient for mounting an anchor bolt thereon and hooking with a bolt, thereby facilitating the fixation of the fish culture box body on the side wall of a wading building; the setting of heat preservation reduces the temperature of salt water in the box and carries out the heat transfer with ambient temperature, guarantees the temperature in the box.
The heating pipe of the invention transversely penetrates through the fine sand layer, so that the heat of the heated water is continuously transferred to the upper part, and the integral heating of the salt water in the fish culture box body is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the fish farming tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the fish farming tank of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the iron frame body and a wading building.
Wherein: 1. wading buildings; 2. a fish culturing box body 21, transparent glass 22, a heat insulation layer 23, an iron frame body 27 and a rubber box body; 3. a light supplement lamp; 4. a solar panel; 5. heating a tube; 6. a fine sand layer; 7. water plants; 8. salted fish; 9. a nourishing pipe 91, a nourishing electromagnetic valve; 10. a water inlet pipeline 101 and a water inlet electromagnetic valve; 11. a sewage discharge pipeline 111, a sewage discharge electromagnetic valve 112 and a one-way valve; 12. a high water level sensor; 13. a low water level sensor; 14. A water temperature sensor; 15. a dissolved oxygen sensor; 18. a PLC controller; 19. a body of water; 20. An ice layer; 24. an anchor bolt; 25. a bolt; 26. and (4) putting in the opening.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
A device for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing is shown in a combined figure 1-4 and comprises a fish culture box body 2, a fixed structure, salt water fish 8, a heating mechanism, a water delivery mechanism, a sewage discharge mechanism, an oxygen delivery mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 18 and a solar cell panel 4.
The fish culture box body 2 is fixed with the wading building 1 through a fixing structure, and the periphery of the fish culture box body is sealed. The fish tank 2 comprises a rubber tank 27, a transparent glass 21, a heat insulating layer 22 and an iron frame 23.
The fixed top that sets up at rubber box 27 of transparent glass 21, transparent glass 21 sets up as the top cap for can transmit the sunlight and guarantee the salt-water fish 8 to the sunshine demand.
The heat preservation layer 22 is arranged on the inner wall of the rubber box body 27 and used for preserving heat of the salt water in the box body so as to reduce heat transfer between the salt water in the box body and the outside.
The iron frame 23 is provided outside the rubber case 27 and is used to house the rubber case 27 therein. The iron frame 23 is composed of a plurality of iron rods, and the iron rods are connected into a rectangular frame structure.
Fixed knot constructs including crab-bolt 24 and bolt 25, the fixed setting of crab-bolt 24 is on the iron frame 23 that contacts with wading building 1, crab-bolt 24 is provided with a plurality ofly, every crab-bolt 24 corresponds respectively and is provided with a bolt 25, the one end of bolt 25 articulates with crab-bolt 24 mutually, and the other end and wading building 1 looks fixed connection for on being fixed the wading building 1 lateral wall with breeding fish box 2, the multiple crab-bolt 24 and the bolt 25 of setting can make breeding fish box 2 more firmly fix on the wading building 1 lateral wall.
The fish farming tank 2 extends partially into a body of water 19 arranged around the wading structure 1. The fish culture tank body 2 is filled with saline water containing a certain amount of salt, so that the salinity in the saline water is 35 per mill. The freezing point of the salt water containing a certain amount of salt is lower than that of common fresh water, and the salt water can be heated by the heating mechanism in winter, so that the salt water in the fish culture tank body 2 is not easy to freeze and freeze. The salt water fish 8 is put into the salt water, the salt water fish 8 continuously moves in the fish culturing box body 2, and the icing condition can be reduced to a certain extent when the heating mechanism does not heat.
The bottom end in the fish culture box body 2 is provided with a fine sand layer 6 and a water plant 7 growing in the fine sand layer 6.
The heating mechanism is arranged in the fish culture box body 2 and in the salt water and used for heating the salt water so as to prevent the wading building 1 from freezing, and the controlled end of the heating mechanism is connected to the output end of the PLC 18. The heating mechanism comprises a heating pipe 5, the heating pipe 5 transversely penetrates through the fine sand layer 6, and the controlled end of the heating pipe 5 is connected to the output end of the PLC 18.
The water delivery mechanism is arranged on the fish culture box body 2 and used for delivering saline water into the fish culture box body 2, and the controlled end of the water delivery mechanism is connected to the output end of the PLC 18. The water delivery mechanism comprises a salt water holding pool, a water pump, a water inlet pipeline 10 and a water inlet electromagnetic valve 101. The salt water containing pool is used for containing salt water, and in order to prevent the salt water in the salt water containing pool from being frozen easily in winter, the salt water containing pool is also internally provided with a heating device which can be an electric heating wire or an electric heating rod. The water pump sets up in the salt water holds the pond for in will holding the salt water pump sending to inlet channel 10 in the salt water, the controlled end of water pump is connected in PLC controller 18's output. One end of the water inlet pipeline 10 is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump, and the other end is inserted into the fish culturing box body 2. The water inlet electromagnetic valve 101 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 10 and used for controlling whether the water inlet pipeline 10 is opened or not, and the controlled end of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 101 is connected to the output end of the PLC 18.
The sewage discharging mechanism is arranged on the fish culturing box body 2 and used for discharging sewage in the fish culturing box body 2, and the controlled end of the sewage discharging mechanism is connected to the output end of the PLC 18. The sewage discharging mechanism comprises a sewage discharging pipeline 11 and a sewage discharging electromagnetic valve 111. The sewage pipe 11 is provided at the bottom end of the side wall which is not in contact with the wading structure 1. One end of the sewage discharge pipeline 11 is communicated with the saline water in the fish culture box body 2, and the other end of the sewage discharge pipeline 11 is communicated with the water body 19. The blowdown solenoid valve 111 is arranged on the blowdown pipeline 11, the controlled end of the blowdown solenoid valve 111 is connected to the output end of the PLC 18, and when the blowdown solenoid valve 111 is opened, sewage can be directly discharged into the water body 19.
Meanwhile, in order to prevent the water in the water body 19 from flowing into the fish culturing box body 2 when the sewage discharge pipeline 11 discharges sewage, the sewage discharge pipeline 11 is also provided with the one-way valve 112, and the one-way valve 112 only enables the saline water in the fish culturing box body 2 to be discharged into the water body 19, so that the living environment of the saline water fish 8 is ensured.
The oxygen transfer mechanism is arranged on the fish culture box body 2 and used for introducing oxygen into the salt water to ensure the survival rate of the salt water fish 8, and the controlled end of the oxygen transfer mechanism is connected with the output end of the PLC 18. The oxygen delivery mechanism comprises a nourishing pipe 9, a nourishing electromagnetic valve 91 and an oxygen delivery pump. Inside the supplementary feeding pipe 9 inserted the salt water of box 2 of breeding fish, oxygen therapy pump and supplementary feeding pipe 9 intercommunication set up, and the controlled end of oxygen therapy pump is connected in PLC controller 18's output. The nourishing electromagnetic valve 91 is arranged on the nourishing pipe 9, and the controlled end of the nourishing electromagnetic valve 91 is connected to the output end of the PLC 18.
Still be provided with light filling lamp 3 on the top inner wall of box 2 breeds fish, the controlled end of light filling lamp 3 is connected in the output of PLC controller 18. The light supplement lamp 3 can adopt a fluorescent lamp, a mercury lamp and the like, and the light supplement lamp 3 is used for providing light for the saltwater fish 8 in the fish culture box body 2 when sunlight is insufficient.
The inner wall of box 2 of breeding fish has set gradually high level sensor 12 and low level sensor 13 from last down, the signal output part of high level sensor 12 and low level sensor 13 connects respectively in PLC controller 18's input, the setting of high level sensor 12 and low level sensor 13 prevents that the water level in box 2 of breeding fish is too high or crosses lowly, salt water will fill light lamp 3 short circuit when preventing the water level too high, and can prevent that the water level from crossing lowly, influence the growth of salt water fish 8.
The inner wall of the fish culture box body 2 is also provided with a dissolved oxygen sensor 15 and a water temperature sensor 14, signal output ends of the dissolved oxygen sensor 15 and the water temperature sensor 14 are respectively connected with an input end of a PLC 18, the dissolved oxygen sensor 15 is used for detecting the oxygen content in the saline water in the fish culture box body 2, the dissolved oxygen sensor 15 is of a KDS-25B type, the water temperature sensor 14 is used for detecting the temperature of the saline water in the fish culture box body 2, and the water temperature sensor 14 is of an 614090067 type.
The PLC controller 18 and the solar cell panel 4 are respectively provided on the top end surface of the fish farming box 2. The PLC 18 is used for controlling the whole operation of the device, and the solar panel 4 is used for providing electric energy for the whole device by utilizing solar energy.
The top end of the fish culturing box body 2 is also provided with a throwing port 26, and the throwing port 26 is used for throwing the salt water fish 8, catching the salt water fish 8 and throwing baits. The switch door that is connected through hinge and the top of breeding fish box 2 is covered to input mouth 26 department, and the switch door is in the closed state when carrying out salt water fish 8 and raising at ordinary times, guarantees the temperature in the breeding fish box 2 effectively.
The principle of the invention for preventing the wading building from icing is as follows.
The iron frame 23 of the fish tank 2 is fixed to the wading structure 1 by an anchor bolt 24 and a bolt 25, and the length of the fish tank 2 can be determined according to the length of the wading structure 1. The freezing point of the salt water filled in the fish culturing tank body 2 and containing certain salinity is lower than that of the common fresh water, and when the common fresh water reaches the freezing point, the salt water in the fish culturing tank body 2 cannot be frozen. And in winter, the salt water can be heated by the heating mechanism, so that the salt water in the fish culture box body 2 is not easy to freeze and freeze. Therefore, the wading structure 1 has a certain heat preservation effect, the wading structure 1 is effectively prevented from being in direct contact with the ice layer 20, and the wading structure 1 is well protected.
The heating mechanism can be directly supplied with energy by the solar cell panel 4, the loss of energy is greatly reduced, the heating temperature of the heating mechanism can be controlled by the PLC 18, and the current passing into the heating mechanism can be controlled, so that the heating mechanism can heat the wading building 1 by the heat transfer principle and is favorable for the survival rate of the salted fish cultured in the fish culturing box body 2 except that the salted water in the fish culturing box body 2 is heated.
The concrete operation steps of the invention for preventing the wading building from icing are as follows.
Step one, installing a fish farming box body 2 through a fixing structure before the ice-forming period every year, wherein the water inlet depth of the fish farming box body 2 is 0.5-1.0 m, the water height is about 0.5m, the width is about 2m, and the length is determined by the anti-freezing range of a wading building.
Step two, arranging a fine sand layer 6 on the bottom layer in the fish culture box body 2, or arranging corallite above the fine sand layer 6, and planting water plants 7 above the fine sand layer 6, wherein the water plants 7 can be seaweed, seaweed and the like.
And step three, transversely arranging a plurality of heating pipes 5 above the fine sand layer 6. The solar cell panel 4 and the PLC 18 are arranged above the top end of the fish culture box body 2, and a temperature value and an oxygen content value are set in the PLC 18. And a light supplement lamp 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the fish culture box body 2. The high water level sensor 12, the dissolved oxygen sensor 15, the water temperature sensor 14 and the low water level sensor 13 are arranged on the inner wall of the fish culture box body 2 from top to bottom in sequence.
Step four, injecting saline water into the fish culture box body 2 through the water conveying mechanism. PLC controller 18 controls into water solenoid valve 101 and opens, and the simultaneous control water pump function holds the saltwater pump sending of pool to inlet channel 10 with the saltwater, carries out the water injection by inlet channel 10 to the inside of box 2 of breeding fish. The filling level should be higher than the low water level sensor 13 and lower than the high water level sensor 12. When the injected water is higher than the high water level sensor 12, the high water level sensor 12 sends a high water level instruction to the PLC controller 18, and the PLC controller 18 controls the water pump to stop operating and simultaneously controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve 101 to be closed.
And step five, putting the salted fish. The opening and closing door is opened, and the saltwater fish 8 is thrown from the throwing port 26. The species of the saltwater fish are flatfish, yellow croaker, grouper and other fishes living in a shallow sea water layer.
And step six, the oxygen delivery mechanism introduces oxygen into the saline water in the fish culture box body 2. When the dissolved oxygen sensor 15 detects that the oxygen content in the salt water is lower than a set value, the dissolved oxygen sensor 15 feeds a low-oxygen signal in the salt water back to the PLC 18, the PLC 18 controls the oxygen delivery pump to operate, and controls the supplementary feeding electromagnetic valve 91 to be opened, and oxygen is introduced into the fish culture box body 2 through the supplementary feeding pipe 9.
And step seven, the heating mechanism heats the saline water in the fish culture box body 2. In cold winter, when the outside temperature is lower than minus degree centigrade, and the water temperature sensor 14 detects that the water temperature is lower than the set value, the water temperature information is fed back to the PLC controller 18, and the PLC controller 18 controls the operation of the heating pipe 5 and controls the heating temperature of the heating pipe 5 to be between 15 degrees and 26 degrees.
Step eight, the light supplement lamp 3 illuminates the saltwater fish in the fish culture box body 2. When the external sunlight is insufficient, the PLC 18 controls the light supplement lamp 3 to operate, so that the lighting operation is realized.
And step nine, periodically discharging the saline water in the fish culture tank body 2. The PLC 18 controls the blow-down electromagnetic valve 111 to open, and the salt water in the fish culture box body 2 is discharged through the blow-down pipeline 11. When the water level is lower than the low water level sensor 13, the low water level sensor 13 sends a low water level signal to the PLC 18, and the PLC 18 controls the sewage discharge electromagnetic valve 111 to be closed, so that the excessive outflow of the salt water in the fish culture box body 2 is prevented. Meanwhile, the one-way valve 112 is set to only allow the salt water in the fish tank 2 to be discharged into the water body 19.
Step ten, regularly throwing baits. Bait is put into the fish box body 2 through the feeding port 26, and the fish feed amount is small in winter, so that the bait feeding is almost not needed, and the operation cost is reduced.
Step eleven, after the icing period is finished, salvaging the salt water fish in the fish culture box body 2, and dismantling the fish culture box body 2.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device for prevent to freeze and to wade into water building destruction which characterized in that: comprises a fish culturing box body (2) which is fixed with a wading building (1) through a fixing structure and is sealed at the periphery, wherein part of the fish culturing box body (2) extends into a water body (19) which is arranged around the wading building (1); the fish-farming box body (2) is filled with salt water containing a certain amount of salt, and salt water fish (8) is put into the salt water; the fish culturing box body (2) is also internally provided with a heating mechanism which is arranged in the salt water and used for heating the salt water so as to prevent the wading building (1) from freezing, and the fish culturing box body (2) is also provided with a water conveying mechanism used for conveying the salt water into the fish culturing box body (2), a sewage discharging mechanism used for discharging sewage in the fish culturing box body (2) and an oxygen conveying mechanism used for introducing oxygen into the salt water so as to ensure the survival rate of the salt water fish (8); the top end face of the fish culture box body (2) is provided with a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (18) used for controlling the whole operation of the device and a solar cell panel (4) used for utilizing solar energy to provide electric energy for the whole device, and controlled ends of the heating mechanism, the water delivery mechanism, the sewage discharge mechanism and the oxygen delivery mechanism are respectively connected to the output end of the PLC controller (18).
2. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fish farming box body (2) comprises a rectangular rubber box body (27) with an opening at the top, transparent glass (21) fixedly arranged at the top end of the rubber box body (27) and used for transmitting sunlight to ensure the requirement of the salt water fish (8) on the sunlight, and a heat insulation layer (22) arranged on the inner wall of the rubber box body (27) and used for insulating the salt water in the box body so as to reduce the heat transmission between the salt water in the box body and the outside, wherein an iron frame body (23) used for arranging the rubber box body (27) in the box body is further arranged on the outer side of the rubber box body (27); the fixing structure comprises an anchor bolt (24) fixedly arranged on an iron frame body (23) which is in contact with the wading building (1) and a bolt (25) with one end hooked with the anchor bolt (24) and the other end fixedly connected with the wading building (1) and used for fixing the fish culture box body (2) on the side wall of the wading building (1).
3. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a fine sand layer (6) and water plants (7) growing in the fine sand layer (6) are arranged at the bottom end in the fish culture box body (2); the heating mechanism comprises a heating pipe (5) transversely arranged in the fine sand layer (6) in a penetrating mode, and the controlled end of the heating pipe (5) is connected to the output end of the PLC (18).
4. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water delivery mechanism holds the pond including the salt water that is used for holding the salt water, sets up inlet channel (10) that water pump and one end and water pump play water end in the salt water holds the pond and be linked together and the other end inserts in fish culture box (2), is provided with water inlet solenoid valve (101) that are used for controlling whether inlet channel (10) are opened on inlet channel (10), and the controlled end of water pump and water inlet solenoid valve (101) is connected respectively in the output of PLC controller (18).
5. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sewage draining mechanism comprises a sewage draining pipeline (11) arranged at the bottom end of the side wall which is not contacted with the wading building (1) and a sewage draining electromagnetic valve (111) arranged on the sewage draining pipeline (11), wherein the controlled end of the sewage draining electromagnetic valve (111) is connected to the output end of the PLC (18), one end of the sewage draining pipeline (11) is communicated with the salt water in the fish culturing box body (2), and the other end of the sewage draining pipeline (11) is communicated with a water body (19); the sewage discharge pipeline (11) is also provided with a one-way valve (112) for preventing water in the water body (19) from flowing into the fish culture box body (2) when sewage is discharged from the sewage discharge pipeline (11).
6. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the oxygen therapy mechanism comprises a supplementary feeding pipe (9) inserted into the salt water of the fish culture box body (2), an oxygen therapy pump communicated with the supplementary feeding pipe (9) and a supplementary feeding electromagnetic valve (91) arranged on the supplementary feeding pipe (9), wherein the controlled ends of the supplementary feeding electromagnetic valve (91) and the oxygen therapy pump are respectively connected to the output end of the PLC (18).
7. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a fish farming box, including the box of breeding fish box (2), still be provided with on the top inner wall of the box of breeding fish box (2) and be used for providing light for salt water fish (8) in the box of breeding fish box (2) when sunlight is not enough light filling lamp (3), the controlled end of light filling lamp (3) is connected in the output of PLC controller (18).
8. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of box of breeding fish (2) has set gradually high level sensor (12) and low level sensor (13) from last to down, still be provided with dissolved oxygen sensor (15) that are arranged in detecting the interior salt water oxygen content of box of breeding fish (2) on the inner wall of box of breeding fish (2) and be used for detecting temperature sensor (14) of salt water temperature in box of breeding fish (2), the signal output part of high level sensor (12), low level sensor (13), dissolved oxygen sensor (15) and temperature sensor (14) connects respectively in the input of PLC controller (18).
9. A device for preventing ice from damaging a wading structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of breeding fish box (2) still is provided with and is used for carrying on the input of salt water fish (8), the fishing of salt water fish (8), put in the input mouth (26) of bait, put in mouth (26) department lid and be equipped with the switch door that is connected through the hinge with the top of breeding fish box (2).
10. A method for preventing a wading building from being damaged by icing is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, mounting a fish culture box body (2) through a fixing structure before an icing period every year, wherein the underwater depth of the fish culture box body (2) is 0.5-1.0 m, the above-water height is about 0.5m, the width is about 2m, and the length is determined by the anti-freezing range of a wading building;
secondly, arranging a fine sand layer (6) on the bottom layer in the fish culture box body (2), and planting water plants (7) above the fine sand layer (6), wherein the water plants (7) are seaweed and seaweed;
thirdly, transversely arranging a plurality of heating pipes (5) above the fine sand layer (6); arranging a solar panel (4) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) (18) above the top end of the fish culture box body (2), and setting a temperature value and an oxygen content value in the PLC (18); a light supplement lamp (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the fish culture box body (2); arranging a high water level sensor (12), a dissolved oxygen sensor (15), a water temperature sensor (14) and a low water level sensor (13) on the inner wall of the fish culture box body (2) from top to bottom in sequence;
step four, injecting saline water into the fish culturing tank body (2) through a water conveying mechanism; the PLC (18) controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve (101) to be opened, simultaneously controls the water pump to operate, pumps the saline water in the saline water containing pool to the water inlet pipeline (10), and injects water into the fish culturing box body (2) through the water inlet pipeline (10); the water filling height is higher than the height of the low water level sensor (13) and lower than the height of the high water level sensor (12); when the injected water is higher than the high water level sensor (12), the high water level sensor (12) sends a high water level instruction to the PLC (18), the PLC (18) controls the water pump to stop operating, and simultaneously controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve (101) to be closed;
step five, putting the salted fish; opening the switch door, and throwing the salt water fish (8) from the throwing opening (26), wherein the species of the salt water fish is flatfish, yellow croaker and grouper living in the shallow water layer of the ocean.
Step six, the oxygen delivery mechanism introduces oxygen into the salt water in the fish culture box body (2); when the dissolved oxygen sensor (15) detects that the oxygen content in the salt water is lower than a set value, the dissolved oxygen sensor (15) feeds a low-oxygen signal in the salt water back to the PLC (18), the PLC (18) controls the oxygen delivery pump to operate and controls the supplementary feeding electromagnetic valve (91) to be opened, and oxygen is introduced into the fish culture box body (2) through the supplementary feeding pipe (9);
seventhly, the heating mechanism heats the salt water in the fish culture box body (2); when the outside temperature is lower than minus centigrade, and the water temperature sensor (14) detects that the water temperature is lower than a set value, the water temperature information is fed back to the PLC controller (18), the PLC controller (18) controls the heating pipe (5) to operate, and the heating temperature of the heating pipe (5) is controlled to be 15-26 degrees.
Step eight, the light supplement lamp (3) illuminates the saltwater fish in the fish culture box body (2); when the external sunlight is insufficient, the PLC (18) controls the light supplement lamp (3) to operate;
step nine, periodically discharging the salt water in the fish culture tank body (2); the PLC (18) controls the blow-down electromagnetic valve (111) to be opened, and the salt water in the fish culture box body (2) is discharged through the blow-down pipeline (11);
step ten, regularly throwing baits; bait is put into the fish culturing box body (2) through the putting opening (26);
step eleven, after the icing period is finished, salvaging the salt water fish in the fish culture box body (2), and dismantling the fish culture box body (2);
in the above steps, the salinity of the saline water injected in the fourth step is 35 per thousand, and the freezing point of the saline water is lower than that of the common fresh water;
and in the seventh step, the heating mechanism is directly powered by the solar cell panel (4), the heating temperature of the heating mechanism can be controlled by the PLC (18), and the heating mechanism not only heats the salt water in the fish culture box body (2), but also heats the wading building (1) by a heat transfer principle.
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| CN201910334307.8A CN111926762B (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Device and method for preventing damage of freezing to wading building |
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| CN201910334307.8A CN111926762B (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Device and method for preventing damage of freezing to wading building |
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