CN111919978A - Formula and process for producing silkworm feed by utilizing cut waste branches and leaves of fruit mulberry - Google Patents
Formula and process for producing silkworm feed by utilizing cut waste branches and leaves of fruit mulberry Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing mulberry branches and leaves which are cut and discarded, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of mulberry branches, 13-17 parts of corn flour, 10-14 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of sucrose, 5-7 parts of a forming agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of inorganic salt, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin B complex, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin C complex and 0.25-0.35 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches. The process comprises the following steps: s1, preparing homogenate; s2, preparing a solution for spraying; s3, adding the main ingredients; and S4, granulating and forming. The invention uses the annual mulberry branches which are originally only discarded to be smashed into homogenate to be used as raw materials for producing the feed for silkworms, can avoid waste and reduce pollution, can reduce the consumption of mulberry leaves in the production of the feed for silkworms, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, short time consumption and low labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm feed, in particular to a formula and a process for producing silkworm feed by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry.
Background
Silkworm, also called bombyx mori, is a lepidoptera seriator, belongs to invertebrate, the armoda moth family of bombyx mori silkworm species, the silkworm moth larvae take mulberry leaves as foodstuff, the silkworm passes through 4 morphological and physiological completely different development stages of eggs, larvae, pupae and imagoes in the whole life, and different parts and metabolites thereof in each development stage have wide medicinal value. A large amount of silk for cocooning is discharged from silkworm moth larvae before pupation, the silk is an important textile raw material, a breeding mode that silkworm moth larvae are infected with beauveria bassiana to harvest the white muscardine silkworms used as traditional Chinese medicinal materials is also provided at present, the silkworm cocoons, the silk and the white muscardine silkworms are greatly required in the current society, and a traditional breeding mode adopting mulberry leaf feeding needs to occupy a large amount of land resources to plant mulberry trees, so that the large-scale breeding requirement is difficult to meet.
At present, a plurality of silkworm feeds for silkworm breeding are available on the market, fresh mulberry leaves contain special substances which can attract silkworms to eat and are not or rarely contained in other plants, which can be seen from that the palatability of silkworms to mulberry leaves is obviously higher than that of other plants, so a large amount of mulberry leaves are usually required to be added into the feeds, the preparation process of the feeds is usually sun-drying fresh mulberry leaves → freeze-drying and pulverizing → cooking → modeling and granulating, the special substances are greatly lost in the sun-drying and freeze-drying processes, which can be seen from that the palatability of silkworms to the dry and fresh mulberry leaves is obviously inferior to that of the fresh mulberry leaves, other kinds of fresh plants also lose a large amount of nutrient substances through sun-drying and freeze-drying, and the existing preparation process of the silkworm feeds also has the defects of high energy consumption, long time consumption and high labor cost.
The mulberry is a perennial crop, and although the mulberry does not have two growth stages of obvious vegetative growth and reproductive growth like an annual crop, the mulberry without cutting can be seen from a natural arbor mulberry, flowers and fruits grow fully, the more flowers and fruits grow, the thinner branches are, and the smaller leaves are. From these phenomena, it can be seen that the branches of mulberry without cutting tend to grow with the increase of tree age, the flowers and fruits are more, the leaves are smaller, and the leaf yield is lower. The mulberry after cutting has the advantages that the growth points of the branches are changed, so that the vegetative growth is repeated again, the grown leaves are increased, the flowers and fruits are reduced, and the leaf yield is improved. In addition, mulberry shoot cutting is also beneficial to field operation in the management process of the mulberry field, so that mulberry shoot cutting is carried out year by year. Therefore, mulberry for silkworm breeding and planting must be cut into mulberry branches every year, the mulberry branches cut off by the mulberry branches are called annual mulberry branches, the cut mulberry branches are directly discarded by the conventional treatment method, and then the cut mulberry branches are naturally rotten, degraded or incinerated, so that certain environmental pollution can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a formula and a process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing mulberry branches and leaves which are cut off and discarded, so as to solve the problems that the existing preparation process of the feed for silkworms needs to add a large amount of mulberry leaves, and has high energy consumption, long time consumption and extremely high labor cost.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65-75 parts of mulberry branches, 13-17 parts of corn flour, 10-14 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of sucrose, 5-7 parts of a forming agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of inorganic salt, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin B complex, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin C complex and 0.25-0.35 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70 parts of mulberry branches, 15 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of cane sugar, 6 parts of a forming agent, 2 parts of inorganic salt, 0.5 part of vitamin B complex, 0.5 part of vitamin C complex and 0.3 part of a preservative.
Preferably, the mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches.
Preferably, the preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh acid or a mixture of the two.
Preferably, citric acid is added to the preservative in an amount of three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh acid or a mixture of the two.
Preferably, the forming agent is selected from one or more of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch.
Preferably, the particle size of the corn flour and the particle size of the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into the homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated for later use at the temperature of 3.5-4.5 ℃;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
Preferably, a hammer mill is used for crushing the mulberry branches in the step S1; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Preferably, the feed pellet prepared in the step S4 has a cylindrical shape with a length of 3-8mm and a diameter of 2-5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the process for preparing the feed for the silkworms, homogenate prepared from mulberry branches is not subjected to the processes of drying in the sun and freeze-drying, more special substances for attracting the silkworms to eat can be reserved, and more other nutrient substances beneficial to the growth of the silkworms can be reserved, and the palatability of the silkworms to the feed for the silkworms is obviously higher than that of the conventional artificial feed for the silkworms; the protein content of the prepared feed for silkworms is also obviously higher than that of the existing feed for silkworms, the silkworms grow neatly and more robustly after being eaten for a long time, and the spinning and cocooning rate is close to that of full-mulberry leaf cultivation; because the protein content of the silkworm feed prepared by the invention is higher, the silkworm feed is used in the cultivation of the white muscardine silkworms, the white muscardine silkworms with better quality than the silkworm feed cultivated by the traditional method are obtained, and the silkworm feed is particularly suitable for the cultivation of the muscardine silkworms.
2. The invention uses the annual mulberry branches which are originally only discarded to be smashed into homogenate to be used as the raw material for producing the feed for silkworms, thereby avoiding waste and reducing pollution, and simultaneously reducing the consumption of mulberry leaves in the production of the feed for silkworms. Meanwhile, the process for preparing the feed for silkworms does not comprise the processes of drying in the sun and freeze-drying, only waste mulberry branches are used, and the mulberry branches only need to be collected, so the process has the advantages of low energy consumption, short time consumption and low labor cost.
3. The citric acid added into the preservative has good sterilization effect, and meanwhile, the digestibility of the silkworms on the protein in the feed can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the growth efficiency of the silkworms.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.
Example 1:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65 parts of mulberry branches, 13 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of cane sugar, 5 parts of a forming agent, 1.5 parts of inorganic salt, 0.4 part of vitamin B complex, 0.4 part of vitamin C complex and 0.25 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 4 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Example 2:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70 parts of mulberry branches, 15 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of cane sugar, 6 parts of a forming agent, 2 parts of inorganic salt, 0.5 part of vitamin B complex, 0.5 part of vitamin C complex and 0.3 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 4 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Example 3:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75 parts of mulberry branches, 17 parts of corn flour, 14 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of cane sugar, 7 parts of a forming agent, 2.5 parts of inorganic salt, 0.6 part of vitamin B complex, 0.6 part of vitamin C complex and 0.35 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 4 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Example 4:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
67 parts of mulberry branches, 14 parts of corn flour, 11 parts of soybean meal, 3.5 parts of cane sugar, 5.5 parts of a forming agent, 1.7 parts of inorganic salt, 0.45 part of vitamin B complex, 0.45 part of vitamin C complex and 0.27 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 4 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Example 5:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
73 parts of mulberry branches, 16 parts of corn flour, 13 parts of soybean meal, 4.5 parts of cane sugar, 6.5 parts of a forming agent, 2.3 parts of inorganic salt, 0.55 part of vitamin B complex, 0.55 part of vitamin C complex and 0.33 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 3.5 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Example 6:
a formula for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
74 parts of mulberry branches, 16.5 parts of corn flour, 13.5 parts of soybean meal, 4.9 parts of cane sugar, 6.8 parts of a forming agent, 2.4 parts of inorganic salt, 0.58 part of vitamin B complex, 0.58 part of vitamin C complex and 0.34 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
The mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches. The preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. Citric acid is added into the preservative in an amount which is three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh rose acid or a mixture of the sorbic acid and the roxburgh rose acid. The forming agent is one or a mixture of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch. The grain sizes of the corn flour and the soybean meal are both smaller than 100 meshes.
A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated at 4.5 ℃ for standby;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
The mulberry branch is crushed in the step S1 by adopting a hammer crusher; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
Description of the above examples:
according to the detection, the annual mulberry branch is loose in wood and easy to crush and process, and can be prepared into homogenate after being crushed together with the mulberry leaves on the branch, the homogenate can replace the homogenate prepared after the whole mulberry leaves are crushed and can be used as a raw material for producing the feed for silkworms, the nutritional ingredients of the feed are relatively close to those of the whole mulberry leaves, the branch and the mulberry leaves on the branch contain rich special substances for inducing the silkworms to eat, and the branch part contains extremely many protein ingredients, so that the annual mulberry branch is prepared into the homogenate with the protein content which is obviously higher than that of the homogenate prepared from the whole mulberry leaves, and the protein content of the feed for silkworms prepared by the invention is also obviously higher than that of the existing feed for silkworms. According to the process for preparing the feed for the silkworms, homogenate prepared from mulberry branches is not subjected to the processes of drying in the sun and freeze-drying, more special substances for attracting the silkworms to eat can be reserved, and more other nutrient substances beneficial to the growth of the silkworms can be reserved, and the palatability of the silkworms to the feed for the silkworms is obviously higher than that of the conventional artificial feed for the silkworms; the protein content of the prepared feed for silkworms is also obviously higher than that of the existing feed for silkworms, the silkworms grow neatly and more robustly after being eaten for a long time, and the spinning and cocooning rate is close to that of full-mulberry leaf cultivation; because the protein content of the silkworm feed prepared by the invention is higher, the silkworm feed is used in the cultivation of the white muscardine silkworms, the white muscardine silkworms with better quality than the silkworm feed cultivated by the traditional method are obtained, and the silkworm feed is particularly suitable for the cultivation of the muscardine silkworms.
At present, the cut annual mulberry branches are directly discarded and then naturally rotten, degraded or incinerated, which can cause certain environmental pollution; therefore, the annual mulberry branches which are only discarded originally are crushed into homogenate which is used as a raw material for producing the feed for silkworms, so that the waste can be avoided, the pollution can be reduced, and the consumption of mulberry leaves in the production of the feed for silkworms can be reduced. Meanwhile, the process for preparing the feed for silkworms does not comprise the processes of drying in the sun and freeze-drying, only waste mulberry branches are used, and the mulberry branches only need to be collected, so the process has the advantages of low energy consumption, short time consumption and low labor cost.
The citric acid added into the preservative has good sterilization effect, and meanwhile, the digestibility of the silkworms on the protein in the feed can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the growth efficiency of the silkworms.
It should be noted that mulberry branches, which grow for a shorter time than annual branches, can also be ground to a homogenate with an effect similar to annual branches. The feed pellets in the above examples are preferably 3-8mm long and 2-5mm in diameter when they are made into a cylindrical shape.
The mulberry fruit contains abundant 1-deoxynojirimycin, anthocyanin, active protein, vitamin, amino acid, carotene, mineral substances and other ingredients, the nutrition is 5-6 times that of apples and 4 times that of grapes, the mulberry fruit has various effects, and the mulberry fruit can obviously improve the immunity of human bodies after being eaten frequently and has the effects of delaying senility, maintaining beauty and keeping young. Mulberry contains abundant 1-deoxynojirimycin and anthocyanin; 1-deoxynojirimycin belongs to a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is superior to acarbose in absorption, inhibits the conversion of human body sugar, reduces the increase of fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar better than sulfonylureas drugs, has a lower possibility of generating hypoglycemia and other side effects than other hypoglycemic drugs, has good safety, and can be used without changing the normal dietary structure; anthocyanins are powerful antioxidants that protect the human body from harmful substances called free radicals. Anthocyanins can also enhance vascular elasticity, improve circulatory system and smoothness of skin, inhibit inflammation and allergy, and improve joint flexibility; therefore, the mulberry has higher economic value, so that the mulberry is usually picked and collected for use in the actual production process, the feeding effect of the feed cannot be reduced even if the mulberry is crushed into homogenate, the nutrient content of the feed can be further improved, the feeding effect of the silkworm is better, and the reasonable utilization principle of resources is not met.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are not inventive changes may be made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The formula for producing the feed for silkworms by utilizing the cut waste branches and leaves of fruit mulberries is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65-75 parts of mulberry branches, 13-17 parts of corn flour, 10-14 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of sucrose, 5-7 parts of a forming agent, 1.5-2.5 parts of inorganic salt, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin B complex, 0.4-0.6 part of vitamin C complex and 0.25-0.35 part of a preservative; the mulberry branches are loose in wood and retain mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches.
2. The formula for producing the feed for silkworms by using mulberry pruned waste branches and leaves according to claim 1 is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70 parts of mulberry branches, 15 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of cane sugar, 6 parts of a forming agent, 2 parts of inorganic salt, 0.5 part of vitamin B complex, 0.5 part of vitamin C complex and 0.3 part of a preservative.
3. The formulation for producing silkworm feed using mulberry branches and leaves discarded by pruning according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mulberry branches are annual mulberry branches.
4. The formulation for producing silkworm feed using mulberry pruned waste branches and leaves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preservative is sorbic acid, roxburgh acid or a mixture of both.
5. The formulation for producing fodder for silkworms using mulberry pruned waste branches and leaves according to claim 4, characterized in that citric acid is added to the preservative in an amount of three times the weight of sorbic acid, roxburgh acid or a mixture of both.
6. The formulation for producing silkworm feed by utilizing mulberry cutting waste branches and leaves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the forming agent is one or more of agar, carrageenan, gluten powder and alpha starch.
7. The formula for producing the feed for silkworms using mulberry pruned waste branches and leaves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the corn flour and the bean pulp powder is less than 100 meshes.
8. A process for producing a feed for silkworms by utilizing waste branches and leaves cut by mulberry leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing homogenate, wherein collected mulberry branches are required to be loose in wood and keep mulberry leaves growing on the mulberry branches, impurities and pathological changes in the mulberry branches are removed, then the mulberry branches are crushed into the homogenate, and the homogenate is sealed and refrigerated for later use at the temperature of 3.5-4.5 ℃;
s2, preparing a solution for spraying, pouring sucrose, inorganic salt, vitamin B complex, vitamin C complex and a preservative into purified water with the weight 5 times that of the mixture, and stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to prepare the solution;
s3, adding the main ingredients, adding the corn flour, the soybean meal powder and the forming agent into the homogenate without stirring, and continuously adding the solution in the step S2 in a spraying manner in the stirring process to uniformly mix the solution into the homogenate;
s4, granulating and forming, namely granulating and forming the material obtained in the step S2, drying, bagging and storing.
9. The process for producing fodder for silkworms using mulberry branches and leaves which are cut and discarded according to claim 8, wherein the crushing of the mulberry branches and leaves in the step S1 is performed by a hammer mill; the material granulating process in the step S4 adopts an expanding granulator, and the prepared feed particles are cylindrical or disc-shaped; in the step S4, microwave drying is adopted in the drying process.
10. The process for producing fodder for silkworms using mulberry cutting waste branches and leaves according to claim 8, wherein the fodder pellets prepared in the step S4 are in a cylindrical shape with a length of 3 to 8mm and a diameter of 2 to 5 mm.
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Citations (4)
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| CN1471837A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Silkworm young silkworm artificial additive and preparing method thereof |
| CN101181022A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-05-21 | 浙江大学 | Folium mori homogenate wet body feedstuff for domestic silkworm and preparation method thereof |
| JP2008283957A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Kanariya:Kk | Livestock feed |
| CN110537642A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-06 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Ultralow-cost artificial feed for silkworms and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1471837A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Silkworm young silkworm artificial additive and preparing method thereof |
| JP2008283957A (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Kanariya:Kk | Livestock feed |
| CN101181022A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-05-21 | 浙江大学 | Folium mori homogenate wet body feedstuff for domestic silkworm and preparation method thereof |
| CN110537642A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-06 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Ultralow-cost artificial feed for silkworms and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201113 |