CN111909207B - 一种新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体的制备及其在混合/醚后碳四氢甲酰化反应中的应用 - Google Patents
一种新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体的制备及其在混合/醚后碳四氢甲酰化反应中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111909207B CN111909207B CN201910712958.6A CN201910712958A CN111909207B CN 111909207 B CN111909207 B CN 111909207B CN 201910712958 A CN201910712958 A CN 201910712958A CN 111909207 B CN111909207 B CN 111909207B
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- biphenyl
- ligand
- phosphonite
- butene
- tetradentate
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical compound OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- -1 1, 1 '-biphenyl-2, 2' -diyl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KJFMXIXXYWHFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-ditert-butylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1O KJFMXIXXYWHFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LGGVEJBHZVSKQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N P.P.P.P.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound P.P.P.P.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LGGVEJBHZVSKQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ABNCNKAEHACKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl phenol Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ABNCNKAEHACKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BYGQBDHUGHBGMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanal Chemical compound CCC(C)C=O BYGQBDHUGHBGMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005311 nuclear magnetism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001893 (2R)-2-methylbutanal Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGRGBKBPFHHYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-ditert-butyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C HGRGBKBPFHHYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2,2'-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004074 biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/1875—Phosphinites (R2P(OR), their isomeric phosphine oxides (R3P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2419—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member
- B01J31/2428—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
- B01J31/2433—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2419—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member
- B01J31/2438—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising P as ring member and further hetero atoms as ring members, excluding the positions adjacent to P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/01—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis
- C07C37/055—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis the substituted group being bound to oxygen, e.g. ether group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/16—Preparation of ethers by reaction of esters of mineral or organic acids with hydroxy or O-metal groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C45/50—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体2,2’,6,6’‑四[(1,1’‑联苯‑2,2’‑二基)亚膦酸酯]‑3,3’,5,5’‑四叔丁基‑1,1’‑联苯及其衍生物的制备方法。该类新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体具有如通式I所示的结构,其中通式I中取代基R可以为一类环状膦结构。同时,本发明公开了在新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体作为配体的混合/醚后碳四(丁烯)氢甲酰化反应体系中应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的制备及其在混合碳四中的氢甲酰化反应方法。
背景技术
氢甲酰化反应自1938年被Otto Roelen教授发现以来(Chem Abstr,1994,38-550),在工业当中得到了非常巨大的应用。由于醛类物质可以非常容易地转化为相应的醇、羧酸、酯、亚胺等等在有机合成中具有重要用途的化合物,通过氢甲酰化反应合成的醛类物质在工业生产中被大规模合成。每年工业生产中通过氢甲酰化反应生产的醛类物质现已达到1000万吨(Adv.Synth.Catal.2009,351,537–540)。
在氢甲酰化反应中,虽然双齿膦配体和四齿膦配体被国外大型化学公司如BASF、Dow、Shell和Eastman及一些研究小组广泛报导及专利化,多齿膦配体却很少被报导(Org.Lett.2013,15,1048-1052.)。因此在氢甲酰化反应中开发高效的新型四齿氧膦配体及其制备方法具有重要意义。
亚膦酸酯在工业上主要用途是在塑料、橡胶等高分子材料中用于抗氧化剂、热稳定剂、阻燃剂等。它是亚膦酸羟基衍生物,根据分子中羟基的多少,可以分为亚膦酸单酯ROP(OH)2、亚膦酸二酯(RO)2POH和亚膦酸三酯(RO)3P。羟基或烷氧基被卤原子取代,形成卤代亚膦酸酯。在卤代亚膦酸酯中,以氯代亚膦酸酯为最重要的三价有机磷化合物中间体。最常见的的工业制备亚膦酸酯方法为直接酯化法,是指以三价磷的卤代物为原料,通过控制一定反应条件与醇类反应。
由丙烯为原料,其氢甲酰化反应产物丁醛,在经过羟醛缩合、加氢等一系列反应得到工业上广泛运用的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛脂(DEHP)。DEHP在中国每年的产量高于300万吨,而世界的年产量则高达1000万吨。但是,由于丙烯原料价格逐年上涨,而且增塑剂DEHP分子量较小,具有裂解性且易挥发,对人体毒害较大,已与2015年被欧盟列入REACH法规禁止生产以及回收利用。目前的改进目前改进的工艺是通过混合/醚后丁烯的氢甲酰化反应得到戊醛,经过类似的后续反应生产高分子量的新型增塑剂DPHP。DPHP不易裂解且毒性低。目前,这一技术有望逐步取代传统技术。传统的基于PPh3的技术只能实现1-丁烯的氢甲酰化反应,1-丁烯的产本高,更为廉价的原料为混合丁烯或醚后丁烯。国内的氢甲酰化工业装置主要以PPh3和陶氏化学(Dow Chemical)所使用的双齿亚膦酸酯配体(Biphephos)为主。使用国外的催化剂和工艺,除了需要支付高昂的专利费和工艺包转让费用以外,陶氏化学的Biphephos配体在空气中长时间不稳定、容易水解、酸解且容易阻塞管路,还需要不定时的添加配体以保证催化活性。
相比于双齿亚膦酸酯配体Biphephos而言,本发明中发展的一种联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体及其衍生物的制备具有易于合成且可以放大合成、收率较高、反应活性较好、直链醛产物收率高、对水氧极其稳定、不易分解等特点。同时,经过初步的工业小试研究以及对比Biphephos和其它二齿膦配体,本发明开发的新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体在混合/醚后碳四的氢甲酰化反应中可以实现较高的转化率、正异比以及较好的活性和稳定性,具有很大的潜力和实用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了开发一种联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体及其衍生物的高效合成方法。其特备是易于合成、收率较高和可以放大合成。该化合物及其衍生物的结构表示如下:
通式I中,R可以是亚膦酸酯的环状膦结构,如上式所示。该类联苯四膦配体的合成路线如下:
路线1
路线2
附图说明
图1为4,6-二叔丁基-1,3-二羟基苯的核磁(1HNMR)谱图
图2为4,6-二叔丁基-1,3-二甲氧基苯的核磁(1HNMR)谱图
图3为2,2’,6,6’-四甲氧基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的核磁(1H NMR)谱图
图4为2,2’,6,6’-四羟基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的核磁(1H NMR)谱图
图5为1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二氧基氯膦的核磁(1H NMR)谱图
图6为1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二氧基氯膦的核磁(31PNMR)谱图
图7为2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的核磁(1H NMR)谱图
图8为2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的核磁(31PNMR)谱图
图9为2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的质谱图(APCI-TOF/MS)
图10为2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的质谱图(APCI-TOF/MS)
图11为本发明的流程和装置图。图11是一种间歇式混合/醚后碳四氢甲酰化反应装置,其中FC为质量流量计,PI为压力传感器,TC为温度控制器,TI为温度传感器,TE为热电偶。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明的以上路线进行具体的描述,有必要指出的是,本实施例只用于对本发明作进一步说明,但并不对本发明构成任何限制。该领域的技术人员可以根据本发明的内容作出一些非本质的改进和调整。
实施例1
4,6-二叔丁基-1,3-二羟基苯的制备(路线1和2):
在2L的三口瓶中依次加入1(55g)、叔丁醇(92.5g)、浓硫酸(70g)。加料完毕后,将反应瓶置换为氮气氛围,加热至回流反应24小时。将溶剂减压旋干,加入400mL水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次500mL)。所得有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥后减压旋干,剩余物经快速柱层析即得88g目标产物,收率80%。化合物2的核磁谱图(1H NMR)见附图1。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.13(s,1H),6.09(s,1H),4.83(s,2H),1.38(s,18H)。
实施例2
4,6-二叔丁基-1,3-二甲氧基苯的制备(路线1):
在一个2L的四口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入2(31.5g),碘甲烷(101g),碳酸钾(98.2g)和0.5L丙酮。将所得反应体系升至30℃反应4小时。所得反应混合物浓缩后,加入400mL水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次600mL)。剩余物经柱层析即得30.5g目标产物,收率86%。化合物3的核磁谱图(1H NMR)见附图2。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.17(s,1H),6.47(s,1H),3.83(s,6H),1.35(s,18H)。
实施例3
2,2’,6,6’-四甲氧基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的制备(路线1):
在一个干燥的1L施伦克瓶中加入4,6-二叔丁基-1,3-二甲氧基苯25.0g,将反应瓶置换为氮气氛围,于-78℃下加入100mL四氢呋喃、TMEDA(14g)。向其中滴加2.5M正丁基锂溶液(44mL),随后,再加入三氯化铁(39g)的四氢呋喃溶液100mL。所得混和物-78℃下反应8小时,反应液经水淬灭后,加入300mL水并用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次400mL)。所得有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥后减压旋干得到淡黄色油状物,柱层析得到目标产物5.0g,收率21%。化合物4的核磁谱图(1HNMR)见附图3。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.30(s,2H),3.41(s,12H),1.37(s,37H)。
实施例4
2,2’,6,6’-四羟基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的制备(路线1):
在1L施伦克瓶中于氮气保护下依次加入2,2’,6,6’-四甲氧基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯11g,无水二氯甲烷500mL,在-78℃下滴加入35g的三溴化硼。所得反应混合物升至室温反应48小时。然后向其中加入500mL水,再加入500mL乙酸乙酯萃取三次。所得有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥后减压旋蒸除去溶剂,柱层析得目标产物9.7g,收率91%。化合物5的核磁谱图(1HNMR)见附图4。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.35(s,2H),4.89(s,4H),1.40(s,36H)。
实施例5
2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯(L1)的制备(路线2):
在2L的三口瓶中依次加入2(15g)、重铬酸钾(1.5g)、浓硫酸和醋酸(200ml)、水(100ml)。加料完毕后,加热至回流反应24小时。将溶剂减压旋干,加入400mL水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次500mL)。所得有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥后减压旋干,剩余物经快速柱层析即得5.1g目标产物,收率15%。化合物5的核磁谱图(1H NMR)见附图4。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.35(s,2H),4.89(s,4H),1.40(s,36H)。
实施例6
2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯(L1)的制备(路线1和2):
1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二氧基氯膦的制备
将2,2’-联苯酚20g加入到过量的PCl3中,加热回流6个小时后,减压蒸馏除去过量的PCl3,得到18g黄色油状产品7,收率71%。化合物7的核磁谱图(1H NMR,31PNMR)见附图5和6。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.41(dd,J=7.5,1.9Hz,2H),7.36–7.25(m,4H),7.15(dt,J=7.9,1.2Hz,2H)。31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3):δ=179.54.
2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-
联苯的制备
在2L施伦克瓶中于氮气保护下依次加入2,2’,6,6’-四羟基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯4.2g,无水四氢呋喃100mL,在-78℃下滴加入2.5M正丁基锂15mL。反应混合物升至室温后回流反应1小时。然后-78℃下将该反应液滴入1,1′-二氧基氯化膦(13g)的100mL无水四氢呋喃溶液中,滴完后室温反应24小时,氮气氛围下将反应液浓缩,残余物柱层析获得目标产物6.0g,收率46%。化合物I或配体L1的核磁谱图(1H NMR,31P NMR)见附图7和8,质谱图(APCI-TOF/MS)见附图9和10。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.43–7.35(m,12H),7.32(d,J=8.1Hz,3H),7.22(tdd,J=6.7,4.9,1.6Hz,15H),6.88(dt,J=7.2,1.5Hz,5H),1.84–0.95(m,36H)。31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3):δ=144.35。APCI-TOF/MS:Calculated forC76H71O12P4[M+H]+:1299.3818;Found:1299.3891
这里要指出的是,通式I中其它的L2-L26的联苯型三齿膦配体,只需要在实施例6中使用不同的芳基取代基氯化膦衍生物即可制备得到。
在得到目标联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体后,我们开发出了与这种新型联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体相配套的间歇式小试反应装置(说明书附图11),模拟工业上混合/醚后碳四的氢甲酰化反应。我们分别使用了2种碳四原料,第一种为混合丁烯/碳四(物料1),组分含量分别为(w/w):1-丁烯(25%)、顺-2-丁烯(40%)和反-2-丁烯(35%);第二种为醚后碳四(物料2),组分含量分别为(w/w):异丁烷(52.1%)、1-丁烯(16.6%)、顺-2-丁烯(15.3%)和反-2-丁烯(16.0%)。此外,为了验证配体的异构化活性,我们还分别使用了纯的顺-2-丁烯(物料3,98%)和反-2-丁烯(物料4,99%)做为反应原料。
为保证配体活性以及醛产物不被氧化,以上物料通过原料预处理装置,除了需要除水、除氧,以及除硫(硫化物)、除氯(卤化物)、除含氮化合物(如:HCN)等以外,还需除去碳四原料中对铑催化剂有抑制作用的羧酸、丁二烯、丙二烯、炔烃等物质。为了测试新型联苯四膦在混合/醚后碳四中的反应活性,我们在接近相同的反应条件下对比测试其它商业化和文献报道过的配体,在以下实施例中所使用的配体Ligand 1-12具有如下的结构:
实施例7
在氩气氛围下向200ml装有压力传感器、温度探针、在线取样口和安全泄压阀等装置的不锈钢高压反应釜中加入一定量的Rh(acac)(CO)2(0.01mmol,2.6mg)和一定量的配体Ligand 1-12(0.02–0.06mmol),加入一定体积的正戊醛和内标物正癸烷,用磁子搅拌络合30分钟,生成铑与配体的催化络合物。随后,连接气体管线并充分置换后,在两位四通阀的切换下,用带计量功能的柱塞泵向反应釜内加入一定比例液态化的混合碳四(物料1),使铑催化剂在总溶液中的浓度控制在159ppm左右,再室温均匀搅拌5~10分钟。搅拌均匀后,向反应装置内充入一氧化碳与氢气的混合气(1:1)至总压为1.0MPa。用磁力搅拌器(加热釜底部)和电加热套(加热釜体)将反应釜升至所需温度(80~110℃),反应中持续补气保持总压力恒定在1.0MPa。反应2~4个小时后,将反应釜接入-40℃冷套降温,待釜温降至常温后,在不开釜的情况下,打开在线取样口取样,用色谱级的乙酸乙酯稀释后,气相色谱仪(GC)测定正异比(正戊醛/2-甲基丁醛的比例:l:b)。开釜后,在通风橱内将高压反应釜内的气体释放完全,取样称重。结果如表1所示。
表1
a反应温度40-80℃是指:1-丁烯在40℃左右开始反应,顺-2-丁烯和反-2-丁烯在80℃左右开始反应
实施例8
在氩气氛围下向200ml装有压力传感器、温度探针、在线取样口和安全泄压阀等装置的不锈钢高压反应釜中加入一定量的Rh(acac)(CO)2(0.01mmol,2.6mg)和一定量的配体Ligand 1-12(0.02–0.06mmol),加入一定体积的正戊醛和内标物正癸烷,用磁子搅拌络合30分钟,生成铑与配体的催化络合物。随后,连接气体管线并充分置换后,在两位四通阀的切换下,用带计量功能的柱塞泵向反应釜内加入一定比例液态化的醚后碳四(物料2),使铑催化剂在总溶液中的浓度控制在159ppm左右,再室温均匀搅拌5~10分钟。搅拌均匀后,向反应装置内充入一氧化碳与氢气各5bar。用磁力搅拌器和电加热套将反应釜升至所需温度(80~110℃),反应中持续补气保持总压力恒定在1.0MPa。反应2~4个小时后,将反应釜接入-40℃冷套降温,待釜温降至常温后,在不开釜的情况下,打开在线取样口取样,用色谱级的乙酸乙酯稀释后,气相色谱仪(GC)测定正异比。开釜后,在通风橱内将高压反应釜内的气体释放完全,取样称重。结果如表2所示。
表2
a反应温度40-80℃是指:1-丁烯在40℃左右开始反应,顺-2-丁烯和反-2-丁烯在80℃左右开始反应
实施例9
在氩气氛围下向200ml装有压力传感器、温度探针、在线取样口和安全泄压阀等装置的不锈钢高压反应釜中加入一定量的Rh(acac)(CO)2(0.01mmol,2.6mg)和一定量的配体Ligand 1-12(0.02–0.06mmol),加入一定体积的正戊醛和内标物正癸烷,用磁子搅拌络合30分钟,生成铑与配体的催化络合物。随后,连接气体管线并充分置换后,在两位四通阀的切换下,用带计量功能的柱塞泵向反应釜内加入一定比例液态化的顺-2-丁烯(物料3),使铑催化剂在总溶液中的浓度控制在159ppm左右,再室温均匀搅拌5~10分钟。搅拌均匀后,向反应装置内充入一氧化碳与氢气各5bar。用磁力搅拌器(加热釜底部)和电加热套(加热釜体)将反应釜升至所需温度(80~110℃),反应中持续补气保持总压力恒定在1.0MPa。反应2~4个小时后,将反应釜接入-40℃冷套降温,待釜温降至常温后,在不开釜的情况下,打开在线取样口取样,用色谱级的乙酸乙酯稀释后,气相色谱仪(GC)测定正异比(正戊醛/2-甲基丁醛的比例)。开釜后,在通风橱内将高压反应釜内的气体释放完全,取样称重。结果如表3所示。
表3
实施例10
在氩气氛围下向200ml装有压力传感器、温度探针、在线取样口和安全泄压阀等装置的不锈钢高压反应釜中加入一定量的Rh(acac)(CO)2(0.01mmol,2.6mg)和一定量的配体Ligand 1-12(0.02–0.06mmol),加入一定体积的正戊醛和内标物正癸烷,用磁子搅拌络合30分钟,生成铑与配体的催化络合物。随后,连接气体管线并充分置换后,在两位四通阀的切换下,用带计量功能的柱塞泵向反应釜内加入一定比例液态化的反-2-丁烯(物料4),使铑催化剂在总溶液中的浓度控制在159ppm左右,再室温均匀搅拌5~10分钟。搅拌均匀后,向反应装置内充入一氧化碳与氢气各5bar。用磁力搅拌器(加热釜底部)和电加热套(加热釜体)将反应釜升至所需温度(80~110℃),反应中持续补气保持总压力恒定在1.0MPa。反应2~4个小时后,将反应釜接入-40℃冷套降温,待釜温降至常温后,在不开釜的情况下,打开在线取样口取样,用色谱级的乙酸乙酯稀释后,气相色谱仪(GC)测定正异比(正戊醛/2-甲基丁醛的比例)。开釜后,在通风橱内将高压反应釜内的气体释放完全,取样称重。结果如表4所示。
表4
Claims (7)
1.一种联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体,其特征在于,所述配体为2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯(L1),结构式如下:
2.一种以权利要求1所述联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的制备方法,其特征在于,具有以下合成路线:
3.一种以权利要求2所述联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体2,2’,6,6’-四[(1,1’-联苯-2,2’-二基)亚膦酸酯]-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯的制备方法,或者通过氧化偶联的方法,从4,6-二叔丁基间苯二酚(2)直接一步得到2,2’,6,6’-四羟基-3,3’,5,5’-四叔丁基-1,1’-联苯(5),再把用丁基锂锂化或者三乙胺做缚酸剂的联苯四酚(5)滴加到膦氯R-Cl的溶液中,得到联苯四膦配体:
其中,用通式I表示的一类联苯四齿亚膦酸酯配体结构如下:
同时,上述氧化偶联反应所使用醚类溶剂为四氢呋喃、乙醚、2-甲基四氢呋喃或二氧六环中的任意一种。
4.一种以权利要求1所述的联苯四齿亚膦酸酯作为配体应用于混合/醚后碳四氢甲酰化反应的用途。
5.如权利要求4所述的用途,按照以下工艺步骤及参数实现:
(1).在反应装置内,于惰性气体保护下,依次加入一定比例的联苯型四齿亚膦酸酯配体与铑催化剂,膦铑摩尔比在1~5:1,并在有机溶剂下室温搅拌络合30分钟;
(2).随后,于惰性气体保护下,在两位四通阀的切换下,用带计量功能的柱塞泵往反应釜内加入一定比例液态的混合碳四或醚后碳四或顺-2-丁烯或反-2-丁烯,使铑催化剂浓度控制在50~200ppm,再室温均匀搅拌5~10分钟;
(3).搅拌均匀后,向反应装置内充入一定压力的CO与H2,氢气与一氧化碳压力比介于1:1至1:5之间,总压为0.5MPa至1MPa之间;在40℃至80℃之间的温度下,搅拌反应1~4个小时。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,所述混合碳四和醚后碳四为,混合碳四:25wt%的1-丁烯、40wt%的顺-2-丁烯和35wt%的反-2-丁烯、醚后碳四:52.1wt%的异丁烷、16.6wt%的1-丁烯、15.3wt%的顺-2-丁烯和16.0wt%的反-2-丁烯;所述顺-2-丁烯和反-2-丁烯含量均在98.0wt%以上。
7.根据权利要求4或5所述的用途,联苯四齿亚膦酸酯作为配体在混合/醚后碳四、顺-2-丁烯和反-2-丁烯的氢甲酰化反应参数和结果如下:
其中,所述有机溶剂为甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、己烷、乙酸乙酯、二氧六环、四氢呋喃或正戊醛中的任意一种。
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