CN111909100B - 一种制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法 - Google Patents
一种制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111909100B CN111909100B CN202010807097.2A CN202010807097A CN111909100B CN 111909100 B CN111909100 B CN 111909100B CN 202010807097 A CN202010807097 A CN 202010807097A CN 111909100 B CN111909100 B CN 111909100B
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- Prior art keywords
- uracil
- reaction
- thymine
- compound
- potassium
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- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical class CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- -1 boric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VUFVGYBIFMCJPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodopyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound IN1C=CC(=O)NC1=O VUFVGYBIFMCJPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000036436 anti-hiv Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical class C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 claims abstract 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940113082 thymine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VUQUOGPMUUJORT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012039 electrophile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KZGWPHUWNWRTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynyl-tri(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C#C)(C(C)C)C(C)C KZGWPHUWNWRTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOAIGCHJWKDIPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium acetate Chemical compound [Cs+].CC([O-])=O ZOAIGCHJWKDIPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LGVUAXNPXVXCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M cesium;2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound [Cs+].CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O LGVUAXNPXVXCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylethyleneglycol Natural products CC(C)(O)CO BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBPOBCXHALHJFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-bromobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCBr XBPOBCXHALHJFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MMBKOHVRHFSAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O MMBKOHVRHFSAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SWGQITQOBPXVRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-bromobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Br SWGQITQOBPXVRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KTMKRRPZPWUYKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylboronic acid Chemical compound CB(O)O KTMKRRPZPWUYKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WFMNHCSATCWAAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O WFMNHCSATCWAAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZGJADVGJIVEEGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;phenoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGJADVGJIVEEGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SJRDNQOIQZOVQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O SJRDNQOIQZOVQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CGVGYQZGOQZKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CN(I)C(=O)NC1=O CGVGYQZGOQZKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 23
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=N1 UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 32
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004458 methylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group [H]N(C(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- CCTRRQFRMVKJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-6-iodopyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)N1C(=O)N(C(=O)C=C1I)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CCTRRQFRMVKJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PJTKSHMQZVWOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tribenzyl-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJTKSHMQZVWOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPEITTIRQBXGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-5-iodopyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C(I)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 FPEITTIRQBXGLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGXQFNIQYAFJPD-ISLYRVAYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-5-methyl-6-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(N(C(=O)N(C1=O)CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)/C=C/C4=CC=CC=C4 PGXQFNIQYAFJPD-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKGGRMMSURBCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-5-methyl-6-[2-tri(propan-2-yl)silylethynyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(N(C(=O)N(C1=O)CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)C#C[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)C(C)C CKGGRMMSURBCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHCXOUIUBIZEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-5-methyl-6-phenylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(N(C(=O)N(C1=O)CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)C4=CC=CC=C4 OHCXOUIUBIZEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEGRSMJYPZLDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibenzyl-6-methyl-5-[2-tri(propan-2-yl)silylethynyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=O)N(C(=O)N1CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)C#C[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)C(C)C DEGRSMJYPZLDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- UJCVBITWYRMQNE-UQBWLURTSA-N [2H]C(N(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(N1CC2=CC=CC=C2)=O)=C(C)C1=O Chemical compound [2H]C(N(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(N1CC2=CC=CC=C2)=O)=C(C)C1=O UJCVBITWYRMQNE-UQBWLURTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].CC#N.CC#N RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXNOJTUTEXAZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L benzonitrile;dichloropalladium Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.N#CC1=CC=CC=C1.N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 WXNOJTUTEXAZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003106 haloaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl Chemical group [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000144 sodium(I) superoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
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- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
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- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
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- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高效多样化合成尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法。该方法先将碘代尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物、亲电试剂(卤代烷烃或者溴代芳烃类化合物)、亲核试剂(烯烃、炔烃、硼酸酯等)、钯催化剂、降冰片烯衍生物、碱(碳酸钾)一起溶于有机溶剂(1,4‑二氧六环或者乙二醇二甲醚)中，然后在50～150℃下搅拌反应，反应后分离提纯，即可高效经济、绿色地合成多取代的尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物。该方法条件温和，底物普适性好，产率高，所制备的2‑吡啶酮类与尿嘧啶类化合物广泛地应用在药物化学和有机化学领域。除此以外，还提供了一类抗HIV药物的关键中间体的合成方法，提高了步骤经济性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法，属于有机合成领域。
背景技术
尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶是一种重要的结构单元，广泛存在于许多具有生物活性的天然产物和医药分子结构中[a)H.J.Jessen,K.Gademann,Nat.Prod.Rep.2010,27,1168；b)Z.Lv,C.Sheng, T.Wang,Y.Zhang,J.Liu,J.Feng,H.Sun,H.Zhong,C.Niu,K.Li,J.Med.Chem.2010,53,2660。目前，嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的合成方法有许多[A.V.Dudnik,A.S.Gulevich,N.Chernyak,V. Gevorgyan,Chem.Rev.2013,113,3084]，但是从简单的原料出发，高效制备嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的合成方法报道很少。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种高效合成尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法。
本发明提供的技术方案具体如下：
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种高效制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法，步骤如下：
其中，
式中1化合物代表碘代尿嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶化合物，R1，R2取代以的种类相同或者不同； R1，R2独立地选自芳基、杂环芳基、烷基或取代烷基
氢、酯、酰基、磺酰基、硅基、磷酰基中的一种；其中R′独立地选自芳基、杂环芳基、苯并杂环、硝基、叠氮基、卤素 (F、Cl、Br、I)、酯基、氰基、酰胺、磷脂、磺酸酯、酰基、烯基、羟基、硫羟基、氧醚基、硅醚基、硫醚基、砜基、亚砜；
式2化合物代表亲电试剂，R独立地选自芳基、杂环芳基、烷基、取代烷基
氘代芳基、氘代烷基、氘代取代烷基的一种；X独立地选自卤素(F、Cl、Br、I)、R4SO3 -或PO4 -；其中可以为任意正整数，R3和R4可以相同或不同，独立地选自芳基、杂环芳基、苯并杂环、硝基、叠氮基、卤素(F、Cl、Br、I)、酯基、氰基、酰胺、磷脂、磺酸酯、酰基、烯基、羟基、硫羟基、氧醚基、硅醚基、硫醚基、砜基、亚砜；
式3化合物代表亲核试剂，可以是烯烃
端炔
内炔
芳基、杂环芳基、卤代芳基或杂环芳基、卤代(F、Cl、Br、I)烷基、甲酸、甲酸盐、氘代甲酸、氘代甲酸盐、R10B(OH)2、R11B(OR12)2、有机硼酸盐、氰化物、CH3COR13、CH3CN；其中， R5～R13可以相同或不同，独立地选自芳基、杂环芳基、硝基、叠氮基、卤素、酯基、氰基、酰胺、磷脂、磺酸酯、酰基、烯基、羟基、硫羟基、氧醚基、硅醚基、硫醚基、砜基、亚砜；
式中4化合物代表多取代尿嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶类化合物。
一种高效制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法，具体包括以下步骤：将碘代尿嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶类化合物1、亲电试剂2、亲核试剂3、催化剂、降冰片烯衍生物、碱溶于有机溶剂中，然后加热并搅拌反应，反应后分离提纯，即得多取代的尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物4。
进一步，所述催化剂为钯催化剂。
进一步，所述钯催化剂为零价钯或者二价钯化合物，包括Pd(PPh3)4、Pd(dba)2、Pd2(dba)3、 Pd(OAc)2、Pd(PhCN)2Cl2、Pd(MeCN)2Cl2、PdCl2、[Pd(allyl)Cl]2等。
进一步，所述降冰片烯衍生物的结构式可以表示为：
其中(R14)m降冰片烯衍生物的取代基，每个m独立地为0到9的整数；R14的构型可以是内型(Endo)或外型(Exo)；R14独立地选自芳基、烷基、卤素、烷氧基、酯基、氰基、酰胺、羧基中的一种或多种。
进一步，所述碱为无机碱或有机碱，选自碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、乙酸锂，乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铯、特戊酸锂、特戊酸钠、特戊酸钾、特戊酸铯、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、苯酚钠、苯酚钾。
进一步，所述溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙醚、二甲基乙二醚、甲基叔丁基醚、1,4-环氧六烷、1,3-环氧六烷、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、C4-12的饱和烷烃、C3-12的氟代或者氯代烷烃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、二甲亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙腈、C3-12的饱和烷基腈。
进一步，所述反应温度50-150℃，反应时间为48h以内。加热过程可采用油浴(例如硅油、石蜡油等)或者其它加热方式。
本发明优选在反应完成后对反应产物进行后处理，后处理方法包括抽滤、浓缩、重结晶和柱层析等纯化方法。
所述抽滤过程可使用砂芯漏斗在减压的条件下过滤。
所述浓缩过程可采用常压蒸馏、减压蒸馏等方法，例如用旋转蒸发仪真空浓缩。
所述纯化过程是通过柱层析得到纯净的产物。
本发明的目的之二在于提供利用上述方法制备的高效制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物。
本发明的目的之三在于提供一类抗HIV药物的关键中间体的合成方法，步骤如下：
本发明提供的方法实现了碘代尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物与不同种类亲电试剂(卤代烷烃或者溴代芳烃类化合物)、亲核试剂(烯烃、炔烃、硼酸酯等)偶联转化得到多取代的尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物，效率高，成本低，可广泛用于制备包含尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶结构单元的化合物。和现有技术相比，本发明具以下有益效果：
(1)本发明所涉及的主要原料为易得的碘代尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物和卤代烷烃或者芳烃类化合物、亲核试剂(烯烃、炔烃、硼酸酯等)，大部分原料可用商品化试剂，无需特殊处理，且价格低廉，制备方法简单，方便大规模生产；
(2)本发明方法所涉及的反应使用的催化剂为廉价的钯化合物且用量少，节约成本和对环境的污染；
(3)本发明方法所涉及的反应使用的催化量的降冰片烯或其衍生物作为助催化剂，使得副反应更少，反应体系更为干净，方便纯化，得率高；
(4)本发明方法所涉及的反应条件具有良好的官能团容忍性和底物普适性；
(5)本发明方法高效且多样化，一步反应构建两根或三根化学键，具有极高的步骤经济性；
(6)本发明方法无需额外添加膦配体，具有极好的化学选择性，且可以很容易获得氘代标记产物，这些研究进展有望在相关的药物化学和天然产物合成中得到应用；
(7)本发明提供了一类抗HIV药物的关键中间体的合成(anti-HIV-1agent)[Y.Chen,Y. Guo,H.Yang,X.Wang,J.Liu,Syn.Commun.2006,36,2913.]。通过文献调研发现，合成关键中间体至少需要6步，且产率只有6％，而本发明只需一步，产率高达50％，提高了步骤经济性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步描述本发明，以下实施例中钯催化剂以Pd(OAc)2为例，降冰片烯衍生物以NBE-CONHMe为例，有机溶剂以1,4-二氧六环为例，但不以任何方式限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：1,3-二苄基-5-甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮-6-d的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg， 5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、对甲苯磺酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、DCO2Na(0.1mmol，1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，52％，80％D)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.50–7.48(m,2H),7.38–7.33(m,3H),7.30–7.23(m,5H),6.96(s,0.2H),5.17(s,2H),4.90(s,2H),1.89(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ163.8,152.0,138.0,137.7(t,J＝22.5Hz),137.1,135.8,129.2(2C),128.5(2C),128.0, 127.7,110.4,52.1,44.8,13.2.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C19H18DN2O2 +[M+H+]308.1504, 实测值：308.1498.
实施例2：1,3-二苄基-5-甲基-6-苯基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg，5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、对甲苯磺酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、PhBPin(0.1mmol，1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，52％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.59(d,J＝7.3Hz,2H),7.45–7.29(m,6H),7.23 –7.11(m,3H),6.97(d,J＝7.4Hz,2H),6.82–6.80(m,2H),5.27(s,2H),4.82(s,2H),1.65(s,3H). 13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ163.5,152.3,150.1,137.3,137.0,132.6,129.6,129.5,128.9,128.5, 128.4,127.8,127.5,126.8,109.6,49.8,45.2,12.9.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C25H23N2O2 + [M+H+]383.1754,实测值：383.1750.
实施例3：(E)-1,3-二苄基-5-甲基-6-苯乙烯基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg， 5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、对甲苯磺酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、苯乙烯(0.1mmol，1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，47％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.58–7.50(m,2H),7.40–7.27(m,11H),7.21–7.15(m,2H),6.67(d,J＝16.5Hz,1H),6.49(d,J＝16.5Hz,1H),5.24(s,2H),5.13(s,2H),2.05(s, 3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ163.7,152.3,147.6,139.9,137.3,136.9,134.9,129.6,129.3, 129.1(2C),128.5,127.8,127.7,127.1,126.7,118.5,108.8,49.6,45.1,13.5.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C27H25N2O2 +[M+H+]409.1911,实测值：409.1902.
实施例4：1,3-二苄基-5-甲基-6-((三异丙基甲硅烷基)乙炔基)嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg， 5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、对甲苯磺酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、乙炔基三异丙基硅烷(0.1mmol， 1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，32％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.49–7.42(m,2H),7.33–7.21(m,8H), 5.29(s,2H),5.15(s,2H),2.17(s,3H),1.06–0.98(m,21H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ162.9, 151.4,137.0,136.4,132.9,129.2,128.7,128.5,127.74,127.71,127.3,115.8,110.1,96.5,50.5,45.0, 18.6,13.9,11.2.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C30H39N2O2Si+[M+H+]487.2775,实测值： 487.2766.
实施例5：1,3-二苄基-6-甲基-5-((三异丙基甲硅烷基)乙炔基)嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg， 5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-5-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、对甲苯磺酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、乙炔基三异丙基硅烷(0.1mmol， 1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，39％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.48(d,J＝8.3Hz,2H),7.38–7.24(m, 6H),7.14(d,J＝7.3Hz,2H),5.19(s,2H),5.17(s,2H),2.46(s,3H),1.10(s,21H).13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3):δ160.8,155.7,151.6,136.7,135.7,129.3,129.1,128.5,128.1,127.8,126.3,100.1, 99.0,98.5,49.1,45.3,18.8,11.4.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C30H39N2O2Si+[M+H+] 487.2775,实测值：487.2770.
实施例6：(E)-2-(1,3-二苄基-2,4-二氧代-6-苯乙烯基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-5-基)苯甲酸甲酯的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(0.23mg， 1mol％)、NBE-CO2Et(8.3mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.1mmol， 1.0equiv)、2-溴苯甲酸甲酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、苯乙烯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的乙二醇二甲醚(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至105 ℃的加热模块上，搅拌24小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(黄色油状物， 61％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.93(dd,J＝7.8,1.4Hz,1H),7.55–7.53(m,2H),7.40– 7.36(m,3H),7.34-7.24(m,9H),7.23-7.19(m,3H),7.15–7.12(m,1H),7.00–6.94(m,2H),6.36 (s,2H),5.38(d,J＝16.1Hz,1H),5.28(d,J＝13.7Hz,1H),5.20(d,J＝13.5Hz,1H),5.01(d,J＝ 16.0Hz,1H),3.71(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ167.8,162.2,152.2,147.4,141.5,137.2, 136.9,135.4,135.1,132.8,132.1,132.0,130.3,129.4,129.2(2C),128.8,128.5,127.9(2C),127.6, 126.9,126.5,118.4,115.1,52.2,49.7,45.2.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C34H28N2NaO4 + [M+Na+]551.1941,实测值：551.1947.
实施例7：1,3,5-三苄基-6-甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(2.2mg， 10mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(15.2mg，100mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0. 1mmol，1.0equiv)、氯化苄(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、甲基硼酸(0.2mmol，2.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130 ℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，50％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.50(d,J＝7.0Hz,2H),7.36–7.22(m,8H),7.20–7.10(m, 5H),5.23(s,2H),5.16(s,2H),3.85(s,2H),2.15(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ163.0, 152.4,148.9,139.8,137.3,136.4,129.2,129.1,128.7,128.6,128.1,127.8,127.7,126.3,126.1,111.7, 48.5,45.3,31.8,16.8.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C26H24N2NaO2 +[M+Na+]419.1730,实测值：419.1732.
实施例7：(E)-4-(1,3-二苄基-2,4-二氧代-6-苯乙烯基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-5-基)丁酸乙酯的制备
在惰性气体保护下，向干燥并装有磁力搅拌子的4.0mL反应瓶中加入Pd(OAc)2(1.1mg， 5mol％)、NBE-CONHMe(7.6mg，50mol％)、1,3-二苄基-6-碘嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮(0.12 mmol，1.2equiv)、4-溴丁酸乙酯(0.15mmol，1.5equiv)、苯乙烯(0.1mmol，1.0equiv)、碳酸钾(0.25mmol，2.5equiv)和干燥的1,4-二氧六环(1.0mL)。将上述反应液置于预加热至130℃的加热模块上，搅拌48小时。TLC监测反应，待反应完全后，冷却至室温，混合物用硅藻土过滤，乙酸乙酯洗涤，减压除去溶剂，粗产品直接柱层析分离纯化得目标产物(无色油状物，37％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.59–7.44(m,2H),7.39–7.25(m,11H),7.21–7.10(m,2H),6.69(d,J＝16.6Hz,1H),6.48(d,J＝16.6Hz,1H),5.22(s,2H),5.12(s,2H),3.98 (q,J＝7.1Hz,2H),2.53–2.43(m,2H),2.31(t,J＝7.3Hz,2H),1.88–1.80(m,2H),1.14(t,J＝7.1 Hz,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ173.5,163.1,152.2,148.4,138.8,137.2,136.9,134.9, 129.6,129.3,129.1,128.6,127.8,127.7,127.2,126.8,118.2,112.7,60.4,49.7,45.1,34.2,27.1,25.0, 14.3.HRMS(ESI-TOF):理论计算值：C32H33N2O4 +[M+H+]509.2435,实测值：509.2423.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明保护的范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内所做的任何修改，等同替换和改进等，均应包含在发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种制备尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶衍生物的方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
其中，
式1化合物代表碘代尿嘧啶或碘代胸腺嘧啶化合物，R1，R2均为苄基；
式2化合物代表亲电试剂，选自对甲苯磺酸甲酯、2-溴苯甲酸甲酯、氯化苄或4-溴丁酸乙酯；
式3化合物代表亲核试剂，选自DCOO2Na、PhBPin、苯乙烯、乙炔基三异丙基硅烷或甲基硼酸；
式4化合物代表多取代尿嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶类化合物，选自
所用催化剂选自Pd(OAc)2；
所用降冰片烯衍生物的结构式为：
所用碱为无机碱或有机碱，选自碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、乙酸锂，乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铯、特戊酸锂、特戊酸钠、特戊酸钾、特戊酸铯、磷酸钠、磷酸钾、苯酚钠、苯酚钾。
2.根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将碘代尿嘧啶或碘代胸腺嘧啶类化合物1、亲电试剂2、亲核试剂3、催化剂、降冰片烯衍生物、碱溶于有机溶剂中，然后加热并搅拌反应，反应后分离提纯，即得多取代的尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶类化合物4。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于：所用溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙醚、二甲基乙二醚、甲基叔丁基醚、1,4-环氧六烷、1,3-环氧六烷、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、C4-12的饱和烷烃、C3-12的氟代或者氯代烷烃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、二甲亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙腈、C3-12的饱和烷基腈。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于：所述反应温度50-150℃，反应时间为48h以内。
5.一类抗HIV药物中间体的合成方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
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