CN111907374A - 一种车载电池组温度调节系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents
一种车载电池组温度调节系统及其控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种车载电池组温度调节系统,设置风能发电机、半导体制冷器和DC/DC转换器,风能发电机的输出电路与车载充电机连接;车载充电机与DC/DC转换器连接;DC/DC转换器与半导体制冷器连接;半导体制冷器与动力电池系统连接并对动力电池系统进行温度调节。本发明还公开了该温度调节系统的控制方法。采用上述技术方案,利用车载风能发电和热电制冷相结合的方式,解决动力电池系统在高温和低温环境下不能正常使用的问题,从而使动力电池系统处于最佳的工作环境中,提升动力电池组及整车在极限工况下使用寿命和安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新能源汽车动力电池的技术领域,涉及改进汽车动力电池组总成高低温性能技术。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种车载电池组温度调节系统。本发明还涉及该系统的控制方法。
背景技术
在的新能源电动汽车使用过程中,动力电池组总成作为唯一的动力输出来源,其能否正常工作严重影响了车辆的正常使用。其中,高温和低温环境成为制约动力电池组总成能否正常工作的两大重要因素。
在现有技术中,新能源汽车动力电池组系统的自然风冷存在高温状况下降温慢、低温需加配加热膜或PTC进行低温加热,使用效果不理想。且采用液冷技术存在包内温差加大、循环液体存在泄漏风险,存在安全隐患。
发明内容
本发明提供一种车载电池组温度调节系统,其目的是解决动力电池总成在高低温极端环境下难以正常工作的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
本发明的车载电池组温度调节系统,应用于电动汽车,所述的电动汽车包括车载充电机、车载低压电源和动力电池系统;所述的车载电池组温度调节系统设置风能发电机、半导体制冷器和DC/DC转换器,所述的风能发电机的输出电路与车载充电机连接;所述的车载充电机与DC/DC转换器连接;所述的DC/DC转换器与半导体制冷器连接;所述的半导体制冷器与动力电池系统连接并对动力电池系统进行温度调节。
所述的DC/DC转换器还与车载低压电源连接;所述的车载低压电源与半导体制冷器连接。
所述的半导体制冷器固定在动力电池系统的箱体表面上,两者连接表面之间夹杂导热材料,使得在半导体制冷器工作过程中产生的制冷量传递到动力电池系统的箱体内,对动力电池系统进行降温。
所述的动力电池系统的箱体内部布置吸水性较好的SiO2高分子材料,防止内部聚集水滴。
所述的车载低压电源为12V的低压蓄电池。
为了实现与上述技术方案相同的发明目的,本发明还提供以上所述的车载电池组温度调节系统的控制方法,其技术方案是:
1、车辆在行车过程中产生的风压驱动风能发电机内部的小型发电机进行工作,将产生的电能通过车载充电机对半导体制冷器进行供电,或将电能储存在车载低压电源中;
2、当动力电池系统检测自身温度达到阈值设定开启值时,开启半导体制冷器,对动力电池系统进行降温,使动力电池系统进行正常功率输出;
3、在停车充电过程中,车载充电机通过从充电桩传输的12V低压电源直接供于半导体制冷器,满足充电过程中对动力电池系统进行降温。
当插入充电枪时,由动力电池管理系统BMS检测到充电确认信号正常,并由车载充电机完成自检、发送就绪信号、输出12V低压电后,动力电池系统控制充电继电器吸合并发送充电请求;
在动力电池管理系统BMS的温度传感器检测到动力电池系统内温度达到阈值临界点温度T时,由动力电池管理系统BMS发送半导体制冷系统TEC开启请求信号至整车控制器VCU和车载充电机OBC;
车载充电机OBC检测输出继电器两端电压<14V时,开始对半导体制冷器TEC进行供电;
整车控制器VCU下达制冷继电器吸合指令,使制冷继电器吸合,半导体制冷器开始工作,进行降温;
当动力电池管理系统BMS的温度传感器检测到温度过低时,利用热电制冷过程中的帕尔帖效应,通过改变工作电流方向,实现冷热环境下不同要求的工作状态的转换,实现对动力电池系统的升温。
本发明采用上述技术方案,利用车载风能发电和热电制冷相结合的方式,解决动力电池系统在高温和低温环境下不能正常使用的问题,从而使动力电池系统处于最佳的工作环境中,提升动力电池组及整车在极限工况下使用寿命和安全性。
附图说明
附图所示内容及图中的标记作简要说明如下:
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为本发明的动力电池系统及制冷器的布置图;
图3为本发明的整车布置示意图;
图4为本发明的控制逻辑图。
图中标记为:
1、风能发电机,2、车载充电机(OBC),3、车载低压电源,4、半导体制冷器(TEC),5、动力电池系统,6、DC/DC转换器。
具体实施方式
下面对照附图,通过对实施例的描述,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明,以帮助本领域的技术人员对本发明的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。
如图1所示本发明的结构,为一种车载电池组温度调节系统,应用于电动汽车,所述的电动汽车包括车载充电机2、车载低压电源3和动力电池系统5。通过利用车辆在行驶过程中产生的风能进行发电储能给半导体制冷器进行供电,使其进行制冷或产热对动力电池系统进行降温或者升温。
具体来说,为了解决现有技术存在的问题并克服其缺陷,实现解决动力电池总成在高低温极端环境下难以正常工作的问题的发明目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
如图1所示,本发明的车载电池组温度调节系统设置风能发电机1、半导体制冷器4和DC/DC转换器6,所述的风能发电机1的输出电路与车载充电机2连接;所述的车载充电机2与DC/DC转换器6连接;所述的DC/DC转换器6与半导体制冷器4连接;所述的半导体制冷器4与动力电池系统5连接并对动力电池系统5进行温度调节。
该风能发电装置主要由小型风能发电机1、车载充电机2及其储电装置3组成,所述的车载充电机2分别与风能发电机1及储电装置3相连。小型风能发电机1将车辆在运行过程中产生的电能通过车载充电机2将电能分别供给储能装置3(车载12V低压电源)、半导体制冷器4,使其对储能装置3进行充电和半导体制冷器4进行供电,使其工作,对动力电池系统5进行降温或者升温,从而使动力电池系统5处于最佳的工作环境中。
本发明利用车辆在行驶过程中产生的风能发电和半导体热电制冷的方式,将产生的电能直接或者间接地给制冷器进行供电进行温度调节,可解决动力电池系统在高低温工况下受温度制约的影响,特别是高温环境下温度过高的问题;并且安全方便,有效解决了动力电池组系统在高低温环境下难以正常工作的问题,提高了产品的稳定性,提升车辆在极限工况下使用的安全性。
所述的DC/DC转换器6还与车载低压电源3(12V)连接;所述的车载低压电源3(12V)与半导体制冷器4(TEC)连接。
风能发电装置及其构成的半导体制冷系统,为了方便将发电机产生的交流电转换为直流电后,并存储于储电装置中,该风能发电装置主要由风能发电机、充电机及其储电装置组成,所述的充电机分别与风能发电机及动力蓄电池总成、储电装置相连。
如图2所示,所述的半导体制冷器4(TEC)固定在动力电池系统5的箱体表面上,两者连接表面之间夹杂导热材料,使得在半导体制冷器4在工作过程中产生的制冷量传递到动力电池系统5的箱体内,对动力电池系统5进行降温。
考虑由于内外温差交替,箱体内部可能有水珠产生,因此,所述的动力电池系统5的箱体内部布置吸水性较好的SiO2高分子材料,防止内部聚集水滴。
所述的车载低压电源3为12V的低压蓄电池。
储电装置为车载12V低压蓄电池给半导体制冷器进行供电,使其对动力电池系统进行升温或降温。
如图4——系统控制逻辑图所示,为了实现与上述技术方案相同的发明目的,本发明还提供以上所述的车载电池组温度调节系统的控制方法,是提升动力电池组系统的安全性和使用效率的方法。其技术方案是:
1、车辆在行车过程中产生的风压驱动风能发电机1内部的小型发电机进行工作,将产生的电能通过车载充电机2(OBC)对半导体制冷器4(TEC)进行供电,或将电能储存在车载低压电源3(12V)中;
行车过程中,风能发电机1将车辆在行驶过程中差生的风压驱动内部小型发电机进行工作,将产生的电能通过车载充电机2(OBC)对半导体制冷器4(TEC)进行供电,或将电能储存在车载低压电源3(12V)中。
2、当动力电池系统5检测自身温度达到阈值设定开启值时,开启半导体制冷器4(TEC),对动力电池系统5进行降温,使动力电池系统5进行正常功率输出;
3、在停车充电过程中,车载充电机2(OBC)通过从充电桩传输的12V低压电源直接供于半导体制冷器4(TEC),满足充电过程中对动力电池系统5进行降温的要求。
更具体地参见图4:
当插入充电枪时,由动力电池管理系统(BMS)检测到充电确认信号正常,并由车载充电机2完成自检、发送就绪信号、输出12V低压电后,动力电池系统5控制充电继电器吸合并发送充电请求;
在动力电池管理系统(BMS)的温度传感器检测到动力电池系统5内温度达到阈值临界点温度T时,由动力电池管理系统(BMS)发送半导体制冷系统4(TEC)开启请求信号至整车控制器(VCU)和车载充电机2(OBC);
车载充电机2(OBC)检测输出继电器两端电压<14V时,开始对半导体制冷器4(TEC)进行供电;
整车控制器(VCU)下达制冷继电器吸合指令,使制冷继电器吸合,半导体制冷器4(TEC)开始工作,进行降温;
当动力电池管理系统(BMS)的温度传感器检测到温度过低时,利用热电制冷过程中的帕尔帖效应,通过改变工作电流方向,实现冷热环境下不同要求的工作状态的转换,实现对动力电池系统5的升温。
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述,显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种车载电池组温度调节系统,应用于电动汽车,所述的电动汽车包括车载充电机(2)、车载低压电源(3)和动力电池系统(5),其特征在于:所述的车载电池组温度调节系统设置风能发电机(1)、半导体制冷器(4)和DC/DC转换器(6),所述的风能发电机(1)的输出电路与车载充电机(2)连接;所述的车载充电机(2)与DC/DC转换器(6)连接;所述的DC/DC转换器(6)与半导体制冷器(4)连接;所述的半导体制冷器(4)与动力电池系统(5)连接并对动力电池系统(5)进行温度调节。
2.按照权利要求1所述的车载电池组温度调节系统,其特征在于:所述的DC/DC转换器(6)还与车载低压电源(3)连接;所述的车载低压电源(3)与半导体制冷器(4)连接。
3.按照权利要求1所述的车载电池组温度调节系统,其特征在于:所述的半导体制冷器(4)固定在动力电池系统(5)的箱体表面上,两者连接表面之间夹杂导热材料,使得在半导体制冷器(4)工作过程中产生的制冷量传递到动力电池系统(5)的箱体内,对动力电池系统(5)进行降温。
4.按照权利要求3所述的车载电池组温度调节系统,其特征在于:所述的动力电池系统(5)的箱体内部布置吸水性较好的SiO2高分子材料,防止内部聚集水滴。
5.按照权利要求1所述的车载电池组温度调节系统,其特征在于:所述的车载低压电源(3)为12V的低压蓄电池。
6.按照权利要求1至5中任一项所述的车载电池组温度调节系统的控制方法,其特征在于:
1)、车辆在行车过程中产生的风压驱动风能发电机(1)内部的小型发电机进行工作,将产生的电能通过车载充电机(2)对半导体制冷器(4)进行供电,或将电能储存在车载低压电源3中;
2)、当动力电池系统(5)检测自身温度达到阈值设定开启值时,开启半导体制冷器(4),对动力电池系统(5)进行降温,使动力电池系统(5)进行正常功率输出;
3)、在停车充电过程中,车载充电机(2)通过从充电桩传输的12V低压电源直接供于半导体制冷器(4),满足充电过程中对动力电池系统(5)进行降温。
7.按照权利要求6所述的车载电池组温度调节系统的控制方法,其特征在于:
当插入充电枪时,由动力电池管理系统(BMS)检测到充电确认信号正常,并由车载充电机(2)完成自检、发送就绪信号、输出12V低压电后,动力电池系统(5)控制充电继电器吸合并发送充电请求;
在动力电池管理系统的温度传感器检测到动力电池系统(5)内温度达到阈值临界点温度T时,由动力电池管理系统发送半导体制冷系统(4)开启请求信号至整车控制器和车载充电机(2);
车载充电机(2)检测输出继电器两端电压<14V时,开始对半导体制冷器(4)进行供电;
整车控制器下达制冷继电器吸合指令,使制冷继电器吸合,半导体制冷器(4)开始工作,进行降温;
当动力电池管理系统的温度传感器检测到温度过低时,利用热电制冷过程中的帕尔帖效应,通过改变工作电流方向,实现冷热环境下不同要求的工作状态的转换,实现对动力电池系统(5)的升温。
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