CN111905752B - 一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 - Google Patents
一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111905752B CN111905752B CN202010804491.0A CN202010804491A CN111905752B CN 111905752 B CN111905752 B CN 111905752B CN 202010804491 A CN202010804491 A CN 202010804491A CN 111905752 B CN111905752 B CN 111905752B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cerium
- cobalt
- catalyst
- dimethyl carbonate
- mmol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- MNUSFSHFJMPRIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ce] Chemical compound [Co].[Ce] MNUSFSHFJMPRIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract description 31
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical group C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K cerium acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopyridine Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=N1 FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VHFUHRXYRYWELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trichloroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHFUHRXYRYWELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000024 high-resolution transmission electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006198 methoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005832 oxidative carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C68/00—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C68/04—Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from carbon dioxide or inorganic carbonates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010804491.0A CN111905752B (zh) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | 一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010804491.0A CN111905752B (zh) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | 一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111905752A CN111905752A (zh) | 2020-11-10 |
CN111905752B true CN111905752B (zh) | 2022-12-27 |
Family
ID=73284208
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010804491.0A Active CN111905752B (zh) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | 一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111905752B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115382534A (zh) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 福建中盛宏业新材科技股份公司 | 一种铈基氧化物催化甲醇制备碳酸二甲酯的方法 |
CN116571262A (zh) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-11 | 太原理工大学 | 一种甲醇氧化羰基化反应合成dmc的催化剂及其制备和应用 |
CN116586093A (zh) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-15 | 太原理工大学 | 核壳结构的zif-67@zif-8钴基催化剂的制备方法和应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105854887A (zh) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种钴铈双金属氧化物纳米球及其制备方法 |
CN108126704A (zh) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种铈铁锆复合氧化物催化剂及制备方法和应用 |
WO2020107539A1 (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种生产甲基丙烯酸甲酯的催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
-
2020
- 2020-08-12 CN CN202010804491.0A patent/CN111905752B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105854887A (zh) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种钴铈双金属氧化物纳米球及其制备方法 |
CN108126704A (zh) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种铈铁锆复合氧化物催化剂及制备方法和应用 |
WO2020107539A1 (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种生产甲基丙烯酸甲酯的催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN111905752A (zh) | 2020-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111905752B (zh) | 一种超细钴铈双金属纳米催化剂催化合成碳酸二甲酯的方法 | |
CN107008484B (zh) | 一种二元金属硫化物/氮化碳复合光催化材料及其制备方法 | |
CN109746022B (zh) | 一种用于二氧化碳还原的高分散铜锌催化剂的制备方法及其使用方法 | |
AU2020103244A4 (en) | Preparation of CuO-LaCoO3 mesoporous supported catalyst | |
CN108144610B (zh) | 火焰喷射裂解法制备的铜基加氢催化剂及其制备和应用 | |
CN107456964A (zh) | 用于碳氢化合物低温氧化的超大比表面积钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂及其制备 | |
CN110813300B (zh) | 一种负载钴锌双金属的纳米碳材料及其制备方法和在催化氧化亚硫酸镁中的应用 | |
CN114768859B (zh) | 适用于甲烷干重整的镍硅催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN109999878A (zh) | 用于光催化还原CO2的非金属元素掺杂Co3O4-CeO2复合催化剂及其制备方法 | |
WO2021042874A1 (zh) | 一种二氧化碳甲烷化镍基催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN101439882B (zh) | 一种用尿素作为沉淀剂合成介孔钼酸镍铵的方法 | |
CN114160143B (zh) | 一种co2加氢制备甲醇的催化剂及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN111992213A (zh) | 用于催化愈创木酚加氢脱氧制备环己醇的核壳型催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN115837275A (zh) | 一种钙钛矿型高熵氧化物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN115318298B (zh) | 一种用于二氧化碳加氢制甲醇的铜基三元催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN108178179A (zh) | 一种高温稳定的铈镧固溶体纳米棒制备方法及其作为催化剂载体的应用 | |
CN105498780B (zh) | 一种Cu/ZnO催化剂及其制备方法和在CO2化学转化中的应用 | |
CN113457722B (zh) | 一种甲烷二氧化碳干重整催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN107096560B (zh) | 一种钌基氨合成催化剂及其制备方法 | |
CN112569945B (zh) | 一种用于甘油脱水制备乙醇的负载金属的白云石催化剂及其制备 | |
CN114950439A (zh) | 一种高效光解水产氢MOF TiO2-NiO材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114849789A (zh) | Mil-125负载1t相硫化钼复合光催化剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN112279828A (zh) | 一种以新型氮掺杂碳固载钴为催化剂的糠醛一步氧化酯化合成糠酸甲酯的方法 | |
CN112387276A (zh) | 一种用于氨合成的负载型钌团簇催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN116196921B (zh) | 一种用于天然气车尾气净化的三维有序大孔锰酸镧负载钯单原子催化剂 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230615 Address after: 710021 Shaanxi province Xi'an Weiyang University Park Patentee after: SHAANXI University OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Patentee after: Shaanxi Normal University Patentee after: SHAANXI COAL AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710021 Shaanxi province Xi'an Weiyang University Park Patentee before: SHAANXI University OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Patentee before: Shaanxi Normal University |