CN111903411B - Comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt - Google Patents
Comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903411B CN111903411B CN202010666357.9A CN202010666357A CN111903411B CN 111903411 B CN111903411 B CN 111903411B CN 202010666357 A CN202010666357 A CN 202010666357A CN 111903411 B CN111903411 B CN 111903411B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt, which comprises the following steps: (1) before planting, soaking raspberry seedlings in diluted prochloraz or diluted pyrimethanil; (2) eradicating rubus chingii infected with blight, alternately irrigating roots of other rubus chingii within 5 m away from the rubus chingii infected with blight with diluted prochloraz and diluted pyrimethanil, and planting radix Sophorae Flavescentis in the eradicated vacant position; (3) and (3) alternately irrigating roots of the rubus chingii rubus and the rubus chingii rubus with the diluted prochloraz and the diluted pyrimethanil medicament every 3-8 days before and after the plum rain season. The comprehensive control method can well inhibit large-scale outbreak of the blight of the rubus chingii berk garden, and the disease incidence is controlled to be below 5%.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of plant chemical protection, and particularly relates to a comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt.
Background art:
the raspberry is immature dry fruit of Rubus chingii Hu (Rubus chingii Hu) which is a plant of Rubus in Rosaceae, is a medicinal and edible medicinal material which is published in the first batch of Weijian Potentilla chinensis, and has an annual demand of about 800-1000 tons. The raspberry has the effects of tonifying the kidney, securing essence, reducing urination, nourishing the liver and improving eyesight; the traditional Chinese medicine composition is clinically used for treating spermatorrhea, enuresis, frequent micturition, impotence, premature ejaculation, dim eyesight and other symptoms. The raspberry is the main raw material of the prescriptions of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation such as Wuzi Yanzong pill, whole deer pill, tortoise and deer kidney-tonifying pill, Shenbao mixture, Shenbao syrup, Yishenling granule, menstruation-regulating pregnancy-promoting pill, Yang-strengthening kidney-protecting pill and the like.
Mature berries of rubus chingii have ruddy and bright color, good flavor and rich nutrition, and are emerging fruits with health care efficacy. The production of the raspberry before 2010 mainly collects wild fruits, and gradually mainly introduces and cultivates with the development of industry.
At present, cultivation bases of one hundred mu are available in the regions of Zhejiang, Zhejiang and Jiang northeast. The large-area continuous cultivation of a single species provides a large-area outbreak condition for the obligate infectious diseases. In the process of cultivating palmleaf raspberry, blight is a soil-borne disease which has a large influence on production, leaves of plants are yellowed after the plants suffer from diseases, then the whole plants gradually wilt, and the result of garden damage can occur after large-area outbreaks.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN105613144A discloses a method for preventing and treating cotinus coggygria fusarium wilt, which starts with planting management, soil disinfection treatment before transplantation, water management, root treatment of transplanted trees and treatment of diseased trees according to pathogenic characteristics and disease-causing rules of cotinus coggygria fusarium wilt, systematically proposes prevention and treatment of cotinus coggygria fusarium wilt specially, and firstly stops and prevents the disease from the source. The Chinese patent application with publication number CN104429867A discloses a seedling growing method for preventing and treating blight, which is to plant banana sprouts or cucumber seeds into a culture medium with a medicine for preventing and treating blight and cultured in a paper bag.
However, no systematically effective method for preventing and treating the raspberry blight exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a comprehensive prevention and treatment method for rubus chingii wilt disease, which combines the farming operation of rubus chingii for the first time, and carries out all-around prevention and control from the prevention before planting, the prevention and treatment of the disease period medicament and the prevention and treatment in plum rain season, thereby reducing the incidence of the rubus chingii wilt disease.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting, soaking raspberry seedlings in diluted prochloraz or diluted pyrimethanil;
(2) eradicating rubus chingii infected with blight, alternately irrigating roots of other rubus chingii within 5 m away from the rubus chingii infected with blight with diluted prochloraz and diluted pyrimethanil, and planting radix Sophorae Flavescentis in the eradicated vacant position;
(3) and (3) alternately irrigating roots of the rubus chingii rubus and the rubus chingii rubus with the diluted prochloraz and the diluted pyrimethanil medicament every 3-8 days before and after the plum rain season.
Through germ separation and Koch's law identification, the main pathogenic bacteria causing the palmleaf raspberry blight are Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium kyushuense; the comprehensive control method provided by the invention can be used for inhibiting the large-scale outbreak of the blight of the rubus chingii garden from the links of pre-planting prevention, disease period medicament control, plum rain season control and the like.
The pathogenic bacteria of the raspberry blight of palmleaf raspberry are Fusarium graminearum or Fusarium kyushuense.
The diluted prochloraz is a medicament prepared by diluting prochloraz by 600-2000 times with water; the diluted pyrimethanil is soaked into a medicament which is prepared by diluting pyrimethanil by 600-2200 times with water.
In the step (1), the diluted prochloraz is a medicament prepared by diluting prochloraz by 600-900 times with water; the diluted pyrimethanil is soaked into a medicament which is prepared by diluting pyrimethanil by 600-1000 times with water.
The soaking time in the step (1) is 1.5-2.5 hours.
In the step (2) and the step (3), the diluted prochloraz is a medicament prepared by diluting prochloraz with water by 800-1200 times; the diluted pyrimethanil is soaked into an agent which is 1800-2200 times diluted by water.
The prochloraz is prochloraz aqueous emulsion, preferably 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion.
The pyrimethanil is a pyrimethanil suspending agent, and preferably is a 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent.
And (3) alternately irrigating roots in the step (2) for 2-4 times, wherein the dosage of each time is 1.8-2.2L per rubus chingii.
In the step (3), the dosage of each raspberry leaf plant is 0.8-1.2L.
Before and after the plum rain season, the root is irrigated in 14 days before the plum rain season, the root is irrigated in 7 days after the plum rain season is finished, and the root is not irrigated in the plum rain season.
The comprehensive control method of raspberry blight of palmleaf raspberry also comprises the following steps: after the harvesting period is finished, before the plum rain season comes, each rubus chingii is trimmed, old branches with fruits are removed, only 2-3 newly-extracted strong branches are reserved, and the old branches are intensively destroyed; dredging water channels in the garden where rubus chingii is planted to ensure drainage.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the comprehensive control method of the raspberry blight is combined with the agricultural operation of the raspberry with rubus chingii for the first time, and disease seedling control, disease prevention and treatment after disease occurrence are carried out in an all-around manner, and the disease rate is below 5%.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
This embodiment is directed to a newly-built campus or a campus requiring variety updating for a cultivation time of 6 years or more.
Step 1, before planting palmleaf raspberry at the end of 12-1 or 2-3 months, when introducing seedlings, diluting 800 times of solution with 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion (brand: Zhengbang) water or diluting 800 times of solution with 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) water, soaking the palmleaf raspberry seedlings for 2 hours, and then cultivating.
And 2, in the cultivation process, timely removing diseased plants, and after the plants are removed, alternately irrigating the roots by using 2L of 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion (brand: Zhengbang) diluted by 1000 times of water and 2L of 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) diluted by 2000 times of water, wherein the roots are irrigated for 1 time in total, and the irrigating range is within a range of 2 m radius by taking the diseased individual plants as the center. And 5-6 sophora flavescens is cultivated in the eradicated place.
And 3, beginning to irrigate roots 14 days before the beginning of the plum rain season, irrigating roots within 7 days after the end of the plum rain season, avoiding irrigating roots in the plum rain season, and alternatively irrigating roots of each rubus chingii by diluting 1000 times of solution of 45% prochloraz emulsion in water (brand: Zhengbang) and diluting 2000 times of solution of 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) by water every 5 days, wherein the dosage of each root irrigation is 1L, and the two pesticides are alternately used to avoid drug resistance.
Statistics shows that the incidence rate of raspberry blight in rubus chingii kurz in the garden is below 5%.
Example 2
The embodiment is applied to preventing diseases more importantly in the plantation of the rubus chingii hance in years and under the condition that the blight diseases happen occasionally and the diseases are light or even not.
After the harvesting period in the last ten days of 5 months is finished, before the plum rain season comes, the garden is pruned by matching with farming operation, old branches with fruits are removed, 2-3 newly-drawn strong branches are reserved for each plant, the old branches are taken out of the garden in time, concentrated destruction is carried out, and the water channel is dredged again in the field to ensure drainage.
After the agricultural operation is finished, root irrigation is started 14 days before the beginning of the plum rain season, root irrigation is avoided 7 days after the end of the plum rain season, root irrigation is alternately performed on each rubus chingii through diluting 1000 times of solution of 45% prochloraz emulsion in water (brand: Zhengbang) and diluting 2000 times of solution of 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) in water every 5 days, the dosage of each root irrigation is 1L, and the two pesticides are alternately used to avoid drug resistance.
Statistics shows that the incidence rate of raspberry blight in rubus chingii kurz in the garden is below 5%.
Example 3
Aiming at the palm leaf raspberry garden land with a relatively serious blight disease, the garden is trimmed before the plum rain season and before the coming of the plum rain season when the drug is used, old branches with fruits are removed, 2-3 newly-extracted strong branches are reserved for each plant, the old branches are timely taken out of the garden and are intensively destroyed, and water channels are dredged again in the field to ensure drainage.
After the agricultural operation is finished, root irrigation is started 14 days before the beginning of the plum rain season, root irrigation is avoided 7 days after the end of the plum rain season, root irrigation is alternately performed on each rubus chingii through diluting 1000 times of solution of 45% prochloraz emulsion in water (brand: Zhengbang) and diluting 2000 times of solution of 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) in water every 5 days, the dosage of each root irrigation is 1L, and the two pesticides are alternately used to avoid drug resistance.
For diseased plants, the diseased plants need to be removed in time, 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion (brand: Zhengbang) diluted by 1000 times of water and 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) diluted by 2000 times of water are alternately irrigated to roots, the irrigation range is a range of 2 m radius by taking a diseased single plant as the center, and the dosage of each cluster is 2L; and (3) cultivating palmleaf mulberries and 5-6 sophora flavescens in the eradicated places, diluting the single plants within 10 m around the diseased single plants with 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion (brand: Zhengbang) water for 1000 times or 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent (brand: ZhB/Zhongbao) water for 2000 times, and irrigating roots, wherein the dosage of each plant is 2L.
Statistics show that the incidence of Raspberry leaf blight in the garden is controlled without further expansion, and the incidence of disease in the garden is below 5% after diseased plants are removed.
Test example 1
Medicament screening is carried out on pathogenic bacteria of rubus chingii. The plate growth inhibition method is adopted to study the bacteriostatic activity of the bactericide, and the bacteriostatic effect results of 10 bactericides on 2 fungi in 72 hours are shown in table 1.
Plate growth inhibition method: after the temperature of the PDA culture medium which is quantitatively sterilized in the conical flask is reduced to about 40 ℃, the weighed medicaments with various concentrations are added, the mixture is stirred uniformly and poured into a culture dish, 5 medicaments are added for each medicament, and the contrast is not added with medicaments. And (3) beating the identified pathogenic bacteria activated on the PDA to obtain lawn with the diameter of 4mm by using a puncher, inverting the lawn in the center of a PDA flat plate mixed with the medicament, culturing in an incubator at 28 ℃ for 3 days, measuring the colony diameter of the pathogenic bacteria, and calculating the bacteriostasis rate.
The bacteriostasis rate is (the diameter of a control colony-the diameter of a germ colony)/the diameter of the control colony multiplied by 100 percent
TABLE 1 inhibition rate of different types of bactericides on pathogenic bacteria after inoculation
Note: y represents that the isolated pathogenic bacterium is Fusarium graminearum, and P represents that the isolated pathogenic bacterium is Fusarium kyushuense.
Test example 2
The plate growth inhibition method is adopted to research the bacteriostatic activity of bactericides with different concentrations, and the bacteriostatic effect results of 2 bactericides with different application concentrations on 2 blight pathogenic fungi in 72 hours are shown in table 2.
The procedure of the plate growth inhibition method is described in test example 1.
The preparation is diluted by a liquid culture medium, namely 1g of 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion is added into 500mL of PDA liquid culture medium, and the rest is done.
TABLE 2 inhibition ratio of different concentrations of bactericide to pathogenic bacteria after inoculation
Note: y represents that the isolated pathogenic bacterium is Fusarium graminearum, and P represents that the isolated pathogenic bacterium is Fusarium kyushuense.
The result shows that the pathogenic fungi have better inhibiting effect under the condition that 45 percent of prochloraz aqueous emulsion and 40 percent of pyrimethanil suspending agent are diluted by 2000 times of water.
When the concentration of the agent is more than 500 times of the solution, the two agents can cause phytotoxicity to seedlings, the survival rate of the seedlings is influenced, the survival rate is reduced by more than 20% compared with that of an untreated group and a 600 times of solution treated group, and the difference between the 600 times of solution treated group and the untreated group is not obvious.
Claims (5)
1. A comprehensive control method for Raspberry wilt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before planting, soaking raspberry seedlings in diluted prochloraz or diluted pyrimethanil; the prochloraz is 45% of prochloraz aqueous emulsion; the pyrimethanil is 40% pyrimethanil suspending agent;
the diluted prochloraz is a medicament prepared by diluting prochloraz by 600-900 times with water; the diluted pyrimethanil is 600-1000 times diluted by water;
(2) eradicating rubus chingii infected with blight, alternately irrigating roots of other rubus chingii within 5 m away from the rubus chingii infected with blight with diluted prochloraz and diluted pyrimethanil, and planting radix Sophorae Flavescentis in the eradicated vacant position;
(3) alternately irrigating roots of rubus chingii with diluted prochloraz and diluted pyrimethanil agents every 3-8 days before and after the plum rain season;
in the step (2) and the step (3), the diluted prochloraz is a medicament prepared by diluting prochloraz with water by 800-1200 times; the diluted pyrimethanil is soaked into an agent which is 1800-2200 times diluted by water;
the pathogenic bacteria of raspberry leaf blight are fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearumOr Fusarium septemlobaeFusarium kyushuense。
2. The comprehensive control method of Raspberry leaf blight according to claim 1, wherein the soaking time in step (1) is 1.5-2.5 hours.
3. The comprehensive control method for the blight of palmleaf raspberry fruit according to claim 1, wherein the root irrigation times of the alternate root irrigation in the step (2) are 2-4 times, and the dosage of each time is 1.8-2.2L per palmleaf raspberry fruit.
4. The comprehensive control method for the blight of rubus chingii according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the dosage of the alternate root irrigation is 0.8-1.2L per rubus chingii.
5. The method for comprehensively controlling Raspberry blight according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of: after fruits of the rubus chingii hance are harvested, before the plum rain season and before coming, each rubus chingii hance is trimmed, old branches with fruits are removed, 2-3 newly-extracted strong branches are reserved, and the old branches are intensively destroyed; dredging water channels in the garden where rubus chingii is planted to ensure drainage.
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| CN1241909A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2000-01-19 | 阿格里托普公司 | Biological control of plant fungal infections |
| CN104541925A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 金思思 | Pollution-free cultivation method for increasing raspberry output |
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| CN106105994A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-16 | 广西陆川县乌坭坡珍珠番石榴专业合作社 | A kind of Fructus Musae multiple cropping cultivation technique of resistive connection nematicide evil |
| CN106613244A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Method for eliminating wilt disease strain in banana garden subjected to incipient disease at high temperature |
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2020
- 2020-07-10 CN CN202010666357.9A patent/CN111903411B/en active Active
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| CN1241909A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2000-01-19 | 阿格里托普公司 | Biological control of plant fungal infections |
| CN104650064A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-05-27 | 南开大学 | Aminothiazole carboxylic acid derivatives as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104541925A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 金思思 | Pollution-free cultivation method for increasing raspberry output |
| CN106105994A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-16 | 广西陆川县乌坭坡珍珠番石榴专业合作社 | A kind of Fructus Musae multiple cropping cultivation technique of resistive connection nematicide evil |
| CN106613244A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Method for eliminating wilt disease strain in banana garden subjected to incipient disease at high temperature |
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