CN111896608A - 一种浓缩柱及其在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途 - Google Patents
一种浓缩柱及其在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种浓缩柱及其在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途,属于痕量金属元素分析技术领域,浓缩柱柱体内腔填充的浓缩柱填料通过如下方法获得:采用水热合成法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;采用溶胶‑凝胶法在Fe3O4纳米粒子的包裹SiO2,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;采用偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇在Fe3O4@SiO2磁球的表面进行修饰,得到浓缩柱填料。该浓缩柱对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学。采用上述浓缩柱在线预浓缩和ICP‑MS联用同时分析海水中痕量元素,可富集分离更多的痕量元素,准确度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于痕量金属元素分析技术领域,具体涉及一种浓缩柱及其在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途。
背景技术
对于海水中痕量重金属的分析,常用的方法主要有原子吸收法(AAS)、原子荧光法(AFS)、电化学方法、分光光度法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)、电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)等。AAS为我国现行的海洋监测规范中大多数重金属元素的分析方法。该方法需要通过液液萃取等手段进行预富集和基体分离,操作繁琐、容易沾污、无法实现多元素同时测定。AFS主要用来测定海水中砷、汞、硒等元素,其应用范围有限,且存在较多共存离子干扰。分光光度法难以实现多元素同时测定。电化学方法常需要繁琐的预处理过程,方法重现性较差以及环境对分析测定存在干扰。ICP-AES技术虽然可实现多元素同时测定,但部分元素的分析灵敏度难以达到测试要求,对于海水分析时同样需要预富集和基体分离。ICP-MS是目前测定痕量金属最有效的方法之一,它检出限低、灵敏度高、线性动态范围宽、可多元素同时测定。但是海水中高盐基体容易在矩管、采样锥等上沉积,同时高盐基体形成的多原子离子,如ArO+、ArCl+、ArNa+、ClO+等产生基体干扰,致使海水无法用ICP-MS直接分析。
现有技术如公开号CN 104535564 A,提供了一种浓缩柱填料,该柱填料由溶胀、净化后的非极性大孔吸附树脂经处理液动态上柱处理而成;还提供了一种浓缩柱,主要由柱体、安装在柱体液体进口端及柱体液体出口端内腔的滤膜和柱体内腔填充的柱填料构成,柱填料由溶胀、净化后的非极性大孔吸附树脂经处理液动态上柱处理而成;处理液为1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚—乙醇—四硼酸钠—盐酸—吐温-80混合水溶液。将浓缩柱配合分析仪器进行痕量金属元素分析时,分析检测的灵敏度、精密度、线性范围和加标回收率均十分优异,能够排除杂质干扰、提高检测准确性和可靠性,可实现含痕量金属元素样品的直接测定。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在表面含有大量的羧基、羟基、巯基的浓缩柱填料的制备方法,制得的浓缩柱填料具有高的饱和磁强度、良好的化学稳定性和高的比表面积,对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学。
本发明为实现上述目的所采取的技术方案为:
浓缩柱填料的制备方法,包括:
S1,采用水热合成法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;
S2,采用溶胶-凝胶法在Fe3O4纳米粒子的包裹SiO2,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;
S3,采用偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇在Fe3O4@SiO2磁球的表面进行修饰,得到浓缩柱填料。
一般情况,裸露的Fe3O4纳米粒子在空气中极易被氧化,在酸性环境中易腐蚀和团聚,进而失去纳米材料特有的性质,使其吸附效果与吸附选择性变差。为了提高Fe3O4纳米粒子的吸附性、选择性,抗氧化性和耐酸碱性,同时减少团聚现象,本发明制备方法通过在Fe3O4纳米粒子表面包裹SiO2及在Fe3O4@SiO2磁球表面修饰,所得浓缩柱填料的表面含有大量的羧基、羟基、巯基,这些功能基团对重金属离子(如Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo等)都具有较强的螯合作用,可使浓缩柱填料有效地选择性吸附水中的重金属离子;此外,本发明制备方法所得浓缩柱填料具有超顺磁性,能够在外磁场作用下实现快速聚集分离,较好地解决了普通吸附剂固液分离难、易产生二次污染的缺点。
优选地,上述制备方法包括:
S1,将FeCl3·6H2O溶于乙二醇中,再加入乙酸钠和聚乙二醇,搅拌均匀后在185-210℃下反应5-12h,冷却,用磁铁分离出产物,洗涤,干燥,制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;
S2,将Fe3O4纳米粒子超声分散于无水乙醇中,然后在搅拌条件下依次加入氨水、正硅酸乙酯,控制总反应时间为5-12h,用磁铁分离出产物,洗涤,干燥,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;
S3,将Fe3O4@SiO2磁球超声分散在DMF中,加入偏苯三酸酐,在170-180℃反应2-4h,停止加热,然后用DMF和水分别洗涤2-5次,干燥,将产物超声分散在去离子水中,加入EDC和NHS,活化后加入二硫苏糖醇,在氮气保护下室温搅拌反应10-15h,洗涤,干燥,得到浓缩柱填料。
本发明制备方法首先采用改良化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子,然后分别用SiO2包括Fe3O4纳米粒子,随后用偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇对其进行表面改性得到的浓缩柱填料;本发明制备方法简单、快捷,有利于实现工业化生产,可大量地应用于环境水处理,例如吸附除去水中的中金属元素,而且易于解吸附,可反复使用。
更优选地,浓缩柱填料的制备方法,包括:
S1,将FeCl3·6H2O溶于乙二醇中,再加入乙酸钠和聚乙二醇,其中FeCl3·6H2O、乙二醇、乙酸钠和聚乙二醇的用量比(g:mL:g:g)为1.3-1.5:35-50:3.5-3.8:0.8-1.2,搅拌均匀后在185-210℃下反应5-12h,自然冷却到室温,用磁铁分离出产物,然后用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤2-5次,干燥,制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;
S2,将Fe3O4纳米粒子超声分散于无水乙醇中,然后在搅拌条件下依次加入氨水、正硅酸乙酯,其中FeCl3、无水二醇、氨水和正硅酸乙酯的用量比(g:mL:mL:mL)为0.3-0.5:110-130:1.8-2.2:2.0-2.2,控制总反应时间为5-12h,用磁铁分离出产物,然后用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤2-5次,干燥,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;
S3,将Fe3O4@SiO2磁球超声分散在DMF中,加入偏苯三酸酐,其中Fe3O4@SiO2磁球、DMF和偏苯三酸酐的用量比(g:mL:g)为5-8:15-30:1.0-1.5,在170-180℃反应2-4h,停止加热,然后用DMF和水分别洗涤2-5次,干燥;
S4,将S3产物超声分散在去离子水中,加入EDC和NHS,调节pH至5.0-6.0,室温下活化1.5-3h,然后加入二硫苏糖醇,其中S3产物、去离子水、EDC、NHS和二硫苏糖醇的用量比(g:mL:g:g:g)为1:40-50:2:2.4:0.3-0.6,调节pH至6.5-7.5,在氮气保护下室温搅拌反应10-15h,所得产物用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤2-5次,干燥,得到浓缩柱填料。
本发明还公开了上述制备方法制得的浓缩柱填料。本发明浓缩柱填料具有高的饱和磁强度、良好的化学稳定性和高的比表面积,对很多重金属元素(如Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo等)具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学,可用于富集分离样品中痕量元素(如Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo等)。此外,本发明浓缩柱填料粒径分布均匀,硅层的平均厚度为15-25nm,比较面积>20m2/g,该浓缩柱填料的形貌特征不仅能够保护Fe3O4纳米粒子磁性核不被空气中的O2氧化,而且使浓缩柱填料仍旧保持较高的饱和磁化强度,能够在外磁场作用下实现快速聚集分离。
优选地,浓缩柱填料的粒径为60-80nm。
优选地,浓缩柱填料的饱和磁化强度>20emu/g。
本发明还公开了上述浓缩柱填料在制备重金属元素吸附剂中的用途,重金属元素选自Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr和Mo。
本发明还公开了上述浓缩柱填料在分离预富集重金属元素中的用途,重金属元素选自Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr和Mo。
本发明的目的在于提供一种在对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学的浓缩柱。
本发明为实现上述目的所采取的技术方案为:
一种浓缩柱,柱体内腔填充上述浓缩柱填料。
本发明还公开了上述浓缩柱填料在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途。
本发明的目的在于提供一种可富集分离更多的痕量元素,准确度高的分析海水中痕量元素的方法。
本发明为实现上述目的所采取的技术方案为:
一种分析海水中痕量元素的方法,采用上述浓缩柱在线预浓缩和ICP-MS联用同时分析海水中痕量元素。
优选地,分析方法包括,
预浓缩过程:将水样经权利要求7所述的浓缩柱在线浓缩,引入内标,得待测样溶液;
标准溶液配制:用硝酸溶液配制出各痕量元素的标准溶液;
标准曲线:将配制好的各痕量元素的标准溶液依次进入到ICP-MS中,得到标准曲线;
痕量元素测定:将不含水样的空白样溶液和待测样溶液分别进入到ICP-MS中,根据标准曲线得到各痕量元素的浓度值。
本发明分析方法首先将海水样品经过预浓缩柱富集重金属元素,然后通过缓冲溶液和纯水冲洗浓缩柱去除海水中盐分基质后,再经稀HNO3溶液洗脱,进入ICP-MS分析。本发明分析方法所用浓缩柱填料具有高的饱和磁强度、良好的化学稳定性和高的比表面积,对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学,可富集分离更多的痕量元素,提高方法的准确度;本发明分析方法可很好的消除海水的基质干扰,快速同时测定海水中痕量金属;本发明分析方法操作便捷,准确度、灵敏度、精密度以及加标回收率等均能满足日常海水重金属分析要求。
更有选地,预浓缩过程用洗脱液为0.5-1.2%稀HNO3溶液。为了保证富集方法的精确性,以及保证痕量元素离子能尽可能多的洗脱下来,从而提高痕量元素的回收率及降低方法检出限,进一步地,洗脱液稀HNO3溶液中含有0.01-0.04%乙酰丙酸。
本发明由于采用了表面含有大量的羧基、羟基、巯基的浓缩柱填料,因而具有如下有益效果:本发明分析方法用浓缩柱对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学,可富集分离更多的痕量元素,提高方法的准确度;本发明分析方法可很好的消除海水的基质干扰,快速同时测定海水中痕量金属;本发明分析方法操作便捷,准确度、灵敏度、精密度以及加标回收率等均能满足日常海水重金属分析要求。因此,本发明是一种在对很多重金属元素具有很好的亲和力及选择性及捕捉能力、较高的吸附容量以及快速的吸附和洗脱动力学的浓缩柱。且本发明还提供一种可富集分离更多的痕量元素,准确度高的分析海水中痕量元素的方法。
附图说明
图1为浓缩柱填料的TEM图;
图2为浓缩柱填料的FT-IR图;
图3为浓缩柱填料的磁滞回线图;
图4为浓缩柱填料对重金属离子的吸附量;
图5为浓缩柱填料的洗脱效果。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式和附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细描述:
实施例1:
浓缩柱填料的制备方法,包括:
S1,将1.35g FeCl3·6H2O溶于42mL乙二醇中,再加入3.6g乙酸钠和1.0g聚乙二醇,搅拌均匀后在200℃下反应6h,自然冷却到室温,用磁铁分离出产物,然后用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤3次,干燥,制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;
S2,将8g Fe3O4纳米粒子超声分散于2400mL无水乙醇中,然后在搅拌条件下依次加入40mL 25%的氨水、43mL正硅酸乙酯,控制总反应时间为8h,用磁铁分离出产物,然后用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤3次,干燥,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;
S3,将6g Fe3O4@SiO2磁球超声分散在20mL DMF中,加入1.4g偏苯三酸酐,在178℃反应3h,停止加热,然后用DMF和水分别洗涤3次,干燥,得S3产物;
S4,将1g S3产物超声分散在40mL去离子水中,加入2g EDC和2.4g NHS,调节pH至5.5,室温下活化2h,然后加入0.5g二硫苏糖醇,调节pH至7.0,在氮气保护下室温搅拌反应12h,所得产物用无水乙醇和水分别洗涤3次,干燥,得到浓缩柱填料。
对浓缩柱填料进行如下测试
1.浓缩柱填料的透射电子显微镜分析
取少量样品置于离心管中,加乙醇溶剂震荡、超声30min,将分散好的样品滴于铜网上,待溶剂完全挥发后即可利用透射电子显微镜进行测试,电子加速电压为200kV。
图1为浓缩柱填料的TEM图,其中a-S2得Fe3O4@SiO2磁球,b、c-浓缩柱填料。对比图1-b和图1-c可以发现,可以看出浓缩柱填料的粒径为,和S2得Fe3O4@SiO2磁球粒径相当,粒径均为为60-80nm,这说明偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇的修饰对Fe3O4@SiO2磁球的大小几乎没有影响,从而可以保证颗粒在修饰后依然具有较大的比表面积,维持磁性纳米粒子的高吸附量,并减小修饰对纳米粒子磁性的影响。从图1-c可以看出,在Fe3O4纳米粒子的周围包覆着一层致密、光滑的SiO2,使得浓缩柱填料具有明显的核壳结构,硅层的平均厚度为15-25nm。
2.浓缩柱填料的红外光谱分析
采用固体样品KBr压片法制样,利用傅里叶变换光谱仪进行测试,测试的波数范围为400-4000cm-1。
图2为浓缩柱填料的FT-IR图,其中a-S1得Fe3O4纳米粒子,b-S2得Fe3O4@SiO2磁球,c-浓缩柱填料。图2-a中593cm-1处吸收峰为Fe-O特征伸缩吸收峰,图中峰形完整,说明成功合成了磁性纳米颗粒。与图2-a相比,图2-b中1031和820cm-1处吸收峰分别为Si-O-Si的对称和不对称伸缩振动吸收峰,482cm-1处吸收峰为Si-O-Si的弯曲振动吸收峰,说明成功制备了Fe3O4@SiO2磁球。与图2-b相比,图2-c中,3066cm-1为苯环C-H伸缩振动峰,2940-2860cm-1处吸收峰为-CH伸缩振动吸收峰,2573cm-1处吸收峰为-SH吸收峰,1733cm-1处吸收峰为C=O伸缩振动峰,1603cm-1、1575cm-1以及1486cm-1处吸收峰为苯环骨架振动吸收峰,1424cm-1处吸收峰对应于-CH2弯曲振动吸收峰,1167cm-1处吸收峰为C-O-C伸缩振动峰,745cm-1为邻位取代苯的C-H面外弯曲振动峰,以上结果证明偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇对Fe3O4@SiO2磁球的修饰成功。
3.浓缩柱填料的磁化测定
常温下,仪器设定最大磁场强度为2T,使用磁强计对Fe3O4纳米粒子或浓缩柱填料进行测试。
图3为浓缩柱填料的磁滞回线图,其中a-Fe3O4纳米粒子,b-浓缩柱填料。从图3中可以看出,矫顽力和剩磁几乎为零,而且磁化曲线重合,几乎没有磁滞现象,磁化曲线呈对称的“S”型,表明所制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子和浓缩柱填料是具有超顺磁性的。Fe3O4纳米粒子的饱和磁化强度为61.5emu/g,具有较强的磁性。浓缩柱填料的磁饱和强度为23.8emu/g,虽然磁性有一定的减弱,但是仍具有良好的磁性,在外加磁场的作用下,其仍然能够有效分离。
4.浓缩柱填料对重金属离子吸附性能测试
用0.1mol/L的HNO3分别配制pH为5.0、浓度为300mg/L的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo离子溶液,同时配置pH为5.0的混合离子溶液(Mix,其中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo各300mg/L),称取质量为0.06g吸附剂数份,分别加入到200mL上述离子溶液中,在25℃、120r/min振荡90min,过滤,用ICP-MS测定重金属离子的浓度,用下式计算吸附量:
式中,C0和C分别为吸附前后重金属离子的浓度(mg/L);V为溶液体积(L);m为吸附剂的质量(g);Q为吸附量(mg/g)。
图4为浓缩柱填料对重金属离子的吸附量,可以看出,浓缩柱填料对Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo离子均具有较高的吸附量,在混合离子溶液中仍有较好的吸附效果。
5.浓缩柱填料的洗脱效果
准确称取0.06g的浓缩柱填料,加入到100mL pH为5.0、浓度为300mg/L的重金属溶液中,在25℃、120r/min振荡90min,测定溶液中离子浓度,计算吸附量;将浓缩柱填料与溶液过滤分离,然后将其放入到100mL 1.0%稀HNO3溶液(试验1)或100mL 1.0%稀HNO3溶液(稀HNO3溶液中含有0.02%乙酰丙酸)(试验2)中解吸3h,测定解吸液中金属离子的浓度,计算解吸量。之后用蒸馏水洗涤解吸后的浓缩柱填料,用下式计算解析率:
η=Qa/Qd×100%;
式中,Qd和Qa分别为解吸量和吸附量(mg/g)。
图5浓缩柱填料的洗脱效果,可以看出,试验2用洗脱液的洗脱效果优于试验1,这说明洗脱液稀HNO3溶液中乙酰丙酸的存在能够使重金属离子能尽可能多的洗脱下来,且洗脱后的吸附剂可重复使用。
实施例2:
一种浓缩柱,包括,浓缩柱填料为实施例1浓缩柱填料。
实施例3:
一种分析海水中痕量元素的方法
1.仪器与试剂
Nexion-300D电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,包括PC3低温雾化室和seaFAST海水预浓缩柱(200μL,PerkinElmer公司);SC-DX seaFAST SP2海水预浓缩系统和痕量金属过滤柱(0.5mm id)均购自Elemental Scientific公司。
多金属元素混标、内标(美国PerkinElmer公司);CASS-5和NASS-6海水微量金属元素参考标样(加拿大National Research Council公司);GBW080040为海水标准物质(国家海洋局二所);高纯NaCl溶液(10%~11%,美国Elemental Scientific公司);ppt级HNO3(Fisher Scientific公司)。实验用水为Milli-Q超纯水,其余所用试剂均为优级纯。乙酸铵缓冲溶液(Buffer),配制方法为280mL乙酸与280mL 29%的氨水,用超纯水稀释为1.0L的缓冲溶液,调节pH值为6.0±0.2;1%HNO3溶液(Eluent);1%HNO3溶液(Elute IS),其中包含了1μg/L的内标物In;1%的HNO3溶液;高纯NaCl溶液。
2.分析过程
预浓缩过程:DI Water推送着4mL水样与Buffer混合后进入实施例2浓缩柱,等样品上样后,Eluent和Eluent IS将浓缩柱上的样品反向洗脱下来,然后进入ICP-MS分析;
标准溶液配制:用1%HNO3溶液配制出各痕量元素的5.00μg/L标准溶液;
标准曲线:将配制好的各痕量元素的标准溶液利用HNO3溶液分别自动稀释200、100、20和5倍,自动在线基体匹配至3%NaCl,依次进入到ICP-MS中,得到标准曲线;
痕量元素测定:将不含水样的空白样溶液和待测样溶液分别进入到ICP-MS中,根据标准曲线得到各痕量元素的浓度值。
3.ICP-MS分析条件
分析同位素为52Cr、95Mo、65Cu、208Pb、66Zn、111Cd、54Fe、55Mn、60Ni、51V、59Co,内标同位素为115In。
PC3低温雾室温度为2℃;DRC反应气体为NH3,分析内标In时,DRC气体流气体流量为0.61mL/min;分析Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr和Mo时,DRC气体流量为0.62mL/min。雾化气Ar流量0.83L/min,辅助气Ar流量1.2L/min,等离子体气Ar流量18L/min;ICP射频功率1600W。仪器调谐SmartTune采用1%HNO3中1μg/L Be、Ce、Fe、In、Li、Mg、Pb,U作为调谐溶液。ICP-MS样品分析顺序:对于以上11种待测元素,MS采集根据上述DRC气流量从0.6,0.61和0.62mL/min分别采集,在同一DRC气流量下,质量数从低到高依次采集。则11种待测元素采集顺序为内标115In,最后为预浓缩模式51V、54Fe、55Mn、59Co、60Ni、65Cu、66Zn、111Cd、208Pb、52Cr、95Mo。
4.分析方法的线性范围、准确度和检出限
用CASS-5、NASS-6和GBW080040作为质控样评价方法准确度,CASS-5和NASS-6直接测定,GBW080040经Buffer自动稀释20倍后测定,分析测试结果见表1。分析结果显示,各元素测定结果均符合质量控制要求。采用低浓度的海水样品平行测定7次,计算7次平行测定的标准偏差S,以3.143S作为检出限(LOD),以4倍检出限为方法定量限(LOQ)计算结果见表1。
表1各元素检出限及标准物质CASS-5、NASS-6和GBW080040分析结果
实施例4:
1.一种分析海水中痕量元素的方法
所用Eluent中含有0.02%乙酰丙酸,其余和实施例3一致。
2.水样加标回收率和精密度
用0.1mol/L的HNO3分别配制pH为5.0的水样,其中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr、Mo各300mg/L,水样品添加不同浓度的标样,采用实施例3和实施例4方法平行测定6次,考察方法的回收率和精密度,如表2。结果表明,对于实施例3,在添加浓度为0.50和5.00μg/L时,各元素的平均回收率为89-115%,RSD均小于7%;对于实施例4,在添加浓度为0.50和5.00μg/L时,各元素的平均回收率为90-110%,RSD均小于6%,回收率和RSD均优于实施例3,这说明洗脱液稀HNO3溶液中含有乙酰丙酸能保证痕量元素离子能尽可能多的洗脱下来,从而提高痕量元素的回收率及降低方法检出限。
表2方法的加标回收率、精密度
3.实际样品分析
对同一份海水样品,采用实施例3和实施例4测定其中的Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ni,分析取自浙江沿海的5个不同盐度海水样品,分析结果见表3,从表3可以看出,两种分析方法所测定的结果均较好,但是实施例4方法检出限更低。
表3分析海水样品重金属检测结果(mg/L)
本发明的操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知,在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明,应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.浓缩柱填料的制备方法,包括:
S1,采用水热合成法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子;
S2,采用溶胶-凝胶法在所述Fe3O4纳米粒子的包裹SiO2,得到Fe3O4@SiO2磁球;
S3,采用偏苯三酸酐和二硫苏糖醇在所述Fe3O4@SiO2磁球的表面进行修饰,得到浓缩柱填料。
2.权利要求1所述的制备方法制得的浓缩柱填料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种浓缩柱填料,其特征是:所述浓缩柱填料的粒径为60-80nm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种浓缩柱填料,其特征是:所述浓缩柱填料的饱和磁化强度>20emu/g。
5.权利要求2所述的浓缩柱填料在制备重金属元素吸附剂中的用途,其特征在于:所述的重金属元素选自Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr和Mo。
6.权利要求2所述的浓缩柱填料在分离预富集重金属元素中的用途,其特征在于:所述的重金属元素选自Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Co、Cr和Mo。
7.一种浓缩柱,柱体内腔填充权利要求2所述的浓缩柱填料。
8.权利要求7所述的浓缩柱填料在海水中痕量元素分析中的用途。
9.一种分析海水中痕量元素的方法,采用权利要求7所述的浓缩柱在线预浓缩和ICP-MS联用同时分析海水中痕量元素。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种分析海水中痕量元素的方法,其特征是:所述方法包括,
预浓缩过程:将水样经权利要求7所述的浓缩柱在线浓缩,引入内标,得待测样溶液;
标准溶液配制:用硝酸溶液配制出各痕量元素的标准溶液;
标准曲线:将配制好的各痕量元素的标准溶液依次进入到ICP-MS中,得到标准曲线;
痕量元素测定:将不含水样的空白样溶液和待测样溶液分别进入到ICP-MS中,根据标准曲线得到各痕量元素的浓度值。
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