CN111892575A - 一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子及其合成方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子及其合成方法和应用属于化学制药技术领域,具体涉及一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子及其在制备抗肿瘤药物方面的应用。将紫草宁和硫辛酸基团通过难以水解的硫醚键连接在一起,半合成获得一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子,体外抗肿瘤的活性研究表明,这类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子对肿瘤细胞株有很强的抑制活性。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明属于化学制药技术领域,具体涉及一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚衍生物的制备。
二、背景技术
紫草宁具有广谱活性,如杀菌、消炎、抗肿瘤等。在以往的研究中发现,紫草宁具有线粒体靶向性,可影响糖酵解,也可作为高效的微管蛋白抑制剂,通过抑制微管蛋白的聚合,扰乱肿瘤细胞有丝分裂中期纺锤体的形成,阻滞细胞周期,进而抑制肿瘤细胞增殖;硫辛酸及其类似物CPI-613已被证明具有靶向肿瘤糖代谢通路中的关键酶PDK1的作用,通过抑制PDK1来提高PDH活性,促使丙酮酸进入线粒体进行氧化磷酸化,从而打破肿瘤代谢的“Warburg效应”;将两者组合,以半胱氨酸为连接,形成的双靶点药物,这样既能发挥紫草宁自身抑制微管蛋白的作用,又能发挥硫辛酸基团抑制丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶,阻断肿瘤细胞的能量代谢的功效,同时,也可以适当减弱紫草宁对正常细胞及组织的毒副作用,巧妙解决紫草宁作为抗肿瘤先导药物开发过程中的重大难题。
本课题组以前研究中,构建了紫草宁硫辛酸酯类衍生物(如图1),但考虑到酯键是一种在酸、碱及酯酶条件下均容易水解的不稳定结构,成药后进入体内容易被酯酶降解,达不到预期的协同抗肿瘤功效,因而,克服这种缺点,降低药物分子在体内被酯酶水解的可能性,获得高药效,低毒性的稳定衍生物成为主要的研究课题。
三、发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类新型的紫草宁硫辛硫醚衍生物及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一类紫草宁硫辛硫醚衍生物,其特征是它有如下通式:
一种制备上述紫草宁硫辛硫醚衍生物的方法,它包括如下步骤:
步骤1、将硫辛酸衍生物溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,常温磁搅拌使混合均匀,加入等摩尔质量的DCC,继续搅拌30分钟,加入等摩尔质量的HOBT,再搅拌30分钟;取等摩尔质量的半胱氨酸甲酯盐酸盐,用等摩尔质量的N,N’-二异丙基乙胺游离20分钟后加入反应体系,继续常温搅拌反应12小时,反应结束后过滤除去析出的固体,液体中加入硅胶,真空旋干,过硅胶柱分离,展开剂为V乙酸乙酯∶V石油醚=1∶5;
步骤2、将步骤1中所得产物与紫草宁,以二氯甲烷室温溶解,加入等摩尔质量的DCC及DMAP搅拌反应30分钟,反应结束后,过硅胶柱得到目标化合物。
本发明的紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子结构式如式I所示:
本发明通过体外肿瘤细胞抑制活性证明紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子对前列腺癌细胞增殖抑制效果较差,半数致死浓度(IC50值)均大于10μM,对乳腺癌、宫颈癌、肺癌和结肠癌有显著抑制作用,尤其是对三阴性乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞、非小细胞肺癌H1975细胞和结肠癌DLD-1细胞,详见附图1、2、3。从构效关系上比较,E1和E5活性相较于其他结构的小分子,活性更强,特别是E5。而且化合物E5在浓度为2μM、4μM时,可有效诱导H1975细胞发生凋亡,在相同浓度条件下(2μM),化合物E5诱导凋亡作用相比于紫草宁本身更显著(图4)。
本发明与现有技术相比较其有益效果:
在本发明中,所获紫草宁硫辛硫醚衍生物与紫草宁相比,均具有明显的肿瘤细胞抑制活性,部分新颖化合物对肿瘤细胞株的抑制活性明显优于其母体分子紫草宁,并且毒副作用低。同时化合物E5对H1975,DLD-1细胞增殖的抑制最为明显。本研究拟通过流式、western blot及激光共聚焦手段对药物作用机制进行深入探究。
四、附图说明
图1、紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子对人肺癌细胞株A549和H1975体外增殖抑制活性(蓝色:A549;红色:H1975)
图2、紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子对人结肠癌细胞株HCT-8和DLD-1体外增殖抑制活性(橙色:DLD-1;红色:HCT-8)
图3、紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7和MDA-MB-231体外增殖抑制活性(黑色:MCF-7;黄色:MDA-MB-231)
图4、化合物E5和紫草宁对人肺癌细胞株H1975凋亡诱导作用
五、具体实施方式
实例一:紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子的制备
在二氯甲烷(30mL)中加入苯甲醛-6,8二巯基辛酸(0.1mol)和HOBT(0.1mol),室温搅拌溶解半小时,加入DCC(0.1mol),继续搅拌反应半小时。将半胱氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(0.1mol)用DEPIA(0.1mol)游离10分钟后,加入反应体系,继续搅拌反应12小时。放入冰箱,冷冻2小时,过滤除去析出的固体残渣,滤液经柱层析(V乙酸乙酯∶V石油醚=1∶3)分离得到中间产物硫醇。
冰浴条件下,于20mL圆底烧瓶中依次加入紫草宁、硫醇、DCC、精制二氯甲烷和催化剂DMAP,搅拌反应1小时,TLC检测反应完全,经薄板层析分离(V乙酸乙酯∶V石油醚=1∶1)得到相应紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子。
相应化合物的理化数据如下:
化合物E1:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.89(d,J=264.4Hz,1H),12.42(d,J=220.1Hz,1H),7.43(s,1H),7.36(dd,J=8.5,1.7Hz,2H),7.35(s,2H),6.84(dd,J=8.8,2.7Hz,2H),6.35(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),5.11(s,1H),4.99(dt,J=12.5,4.8Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.47(dd,J=13.1,5.3Hz,2H),3.30(dd,J=13.1,3.6Hz,1H),3.04-2.92(m,4H),2.64(t,J=14.7Hz,1H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.16(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.56-1.40(m,7H).
化合物E2:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.89(d,J=262.5Hz,1H),12.42(d,J=220.3Hz,1H),7.58(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.42(s,1H),7.39(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.34(s,1H),7.21(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.34(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.20(s,1H),4.99(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.48(dd,J=13.2,5.1Hz,2H),3.35-3.27(m,1H),3.11-2.94(m,4H),2.64(t,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.26(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.20(d,J=14.0Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.72-1.43(m,7H).
化合物E3:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.90(d,J=261.8Hz,1H),12.43(d,J=218.8Hz,1H),7.43(s,1H),7.35(s,2H),7.33(dd,J=8.2,1.9Hz,2H),7.16-7.11(m,2H),6.33(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),5.11(s,1H),4.99(dd,J=11.5,6.6Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.47(dd,J=13.2,5.2Hz,2H),3.30(dd,J=13.2,5.2Hz,1H),2.98(dt,J=17.9,12.1Hz,4H),2.69-2.58(m,1H),2.32(s,3H),2.24(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.16(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.57-1.39(m,7H).
化合物E4:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ13.08(d,J=50.2Hz,1H),12.47(d,J=261.2Hz,1H),7.44(s,1H),7.38(dd,J=8.5,1.9Hz,2H),7.36(s,2H),7.29(dd,J=8.6,2.4Hz,2H),6.30(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.11(s,1H),5.02-4.96(m,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.46(ddd,J=22.6,13.5,6.2Hz,2H),3.35-3.27(m,1H),3.05-2.93(m,4H),2.64(ddd,J=20.0,14.9,5.1Hz,1H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.17(d,J=12.3Hz,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.68(s,1H),1.65(s,3H),1.64-1.51(m,7H).
化合物E5:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ12.88(d,J=173.3Hz,1H),12.41(d,J=145.4Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),7.42(s,1H),7.34(s,1H),7.24-7.09(m,4H),6.39(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),5.29(s,1H),5.04-4.91(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.50-3.40(m,2H),3.29(dd,J=13.3,5.2Hz,1H),3.08-2.92(m,4H),2.43(s,3H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.18(d,J=12.3Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.52(dd,J=25.0,18.4Hz,7H).
化合物E6:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.90(d,J=262.1Hz,1H),12.43(d,J=220.7Hz,1H),7.61(s,1H),7.42(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.39-7.34(m,1H),7.26(s,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.77(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),6.33(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),5.09(s,1H),5.04-4.95(m,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.48(dd,J=13.2,5.1Hz,2H),3.31(dd,J=13.2,5.2Hz,1H),3.07-2.91(m,3H),2.64(t,J=14.7Hz,1H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.18(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.66-1.62(m,3H),1.74-1.41(m,7H).
化合物E7:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.89(d,J=262.3Hz,1H),12.42(d,J=219.4Hz,1H),7.45(dd,J=8.5,2.5Hz,2H),7.42(s,1H),7.34(s,2H),7.32(dd,J=8.4,1.9Hz,2H),6.38(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.10(s,1H),5.03-4.96(m,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.48(dd,J=13.0,4.4Hz,2H),3.31(dd,J=13.2,5.2Hz,1H),3.04-2.92(m,4H),2.63(ddd,J=19.1,14.4,4.7Hz,1H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.17(d,J=14.0Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.49(ddd,J=24.7,16.7,7.0Hz,7H).
化合物E8:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.90(d,J=264.9Hz,1H),12.43(d,J=220.5Hz,1H),7.45-7.29(m,8H),6.95-6.89(m,2H),6.76(m,1H),6.38(m,1H),5.11(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),5.04(d,J=3.3Hz,2H),4.99(dt,J=12.4,4.6Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.46(dd,J=13.1,5.2Hz,2H),3.29(dd,J=12.3,4.3Hz,1H),3.04-2.88(m,4H),2.63(t,J=15.6Hz,1H),2.24(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.15(d,J=12.1Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.61-1.42(m,8H).
化合物E9:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ13.12-12.63(m,1H),12.41(d,J=220.0Hz,1H),7.71(s,1H),7.64(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.45(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=47.3Hz,1H),6.76(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),6.43(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),5.19(s,1H),4.99(s,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.48(m,2H),3.31(dd,J=13.2,5.0Hz,1H),3.07-2.96(m,4H),2.63(t,J=14.5Hz,1H),2.26(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.19(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.93(d,J=12.2Hz,1H),1.74(s,3H),1.63(s,3H),1.73-1.54(m,7H).
化合物E10:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ12.88(d,J=260.3Hz,1H),12.41(d,J=219.9Hz,1H),7.62-7.54(m,4H),7.38(d,J=47.4Hz,1H),6.76(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.41(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.18(s,1H),4.99(dd,J=10.9,5.3Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.51-3.43(m,2H),3.31(dd,J=13.3,4.6Hz,1H),3.06-2.95(m,4H),2.62(td,J=14.2,7.0Hz,1H),2.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.19(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),2.05(s,1H),1.93(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),1.75(s,3H),1.73-1.56(m,7H),1.64(s,3H).
实例二:式I类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子的应用
以人肺癌细胞株A549、H1975,人结肠癌细胞株HCT-8,DLD-1,人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7、MDA-MB-231作为检测株,CCK-8比色法为检测方法,通过对式I类紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子体外肿瘤细胞抑制活性研究发现,该类新颖结构衍生物具有明显的体外肿瘤细胞抑制活性。结果见附图1、2、3。
实例三:化合物E5显著诱导H1975细胞凋亡
以不同浓度(0,1,2,4μM)化合物E5作用于H1975细胞,处理24h,收集细胞,离心,用PBS清洗细胞两遍;用PI/FITC双染试剂盒中的binding buffer重悬细胞,分别加入5μLFITC和10μL PI,避光染色15分钟,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。结果见附图4。
本发明所述紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子可制备成抗肿瘤药物。
Claims (3)
2.权利要求1所述紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子的制备方法,其特征是所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将硫辛酸衍生物溶于二氯甲烷溶剂中,常温磁搅拌使混合均匀,加入等摩尔质量的DCC,继续搅拌30分钟,加入等摩尔质量的HOBT,再搅拌30分钟;取等摩尔质量的半胱氨酸甲酯盐酸盐,用等摩尔质量的N,N’-二异丙基乙胺游离20分钟后加入反应体系,继续常温搅拌反应12小时,反应结束后过滤除去析出的固体,液体中加入硅胶,真空旋干,过硅胶柱分离,展开剂为V乙酸乙酯∶V石油醚=1∶3;
步骤2、将步骤1中所得产物在冰浴条件下与紫草宁,以二氯甲烷溶解,加入等摩尔质量的DCC及DMAP搅拌反应30分钟,反应结束后,过硅胶柱得到目标化合物。
3.权利要求1述紫草宁硫辛硫醚孪药分子在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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