CN111888380A - 一种红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用 - Google Patents
一种红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及功能性食品技术领域，具体公开了一种红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。本发明经研究发现红花蜂蜜能够提高机体组织抗氧化能力，及时清除因辐射产生的过多自由基，抵抗辐射对生物机体的损伤。进而提出了红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。所述抗辐射产品的活性成分可仅为红花蜂蜜。红花蜂蜜包含丁香醛、4‑羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p‑香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素和三对香豆酰亚精胺。红花蜂蜜能够提高机体组织抗氧化能力，及时清除因辐射产生的过多自由基，抵抗辐射对生物机体的损伤，具有广阔的食品及医学应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能性食品技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。
背景技术
蜂蜜是蜜蜂采集的植物花蜜或植物活体分泌物或在植物活体上吮吸蜜源昆虫排泄物等生产的天然甜味物质，是由蜜蜂采集、与其自身特有物质混合，经过转化、沉积、脱水、贮藏并留存于蜂巢中直至成熟。蜂蜜的成分十分丰富，其中最主要的物质为碳水化合物，约占蜂蜜总量的四分之三以上。此外，蜂蜜中还含有多种矿物质、维生素、氨基酸、酶、多酚类化合物等，为生物体的代谢和发育提供了充足的营养。红花蜂蜜的蜜源植物是红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)，具有特殊香气，味微苦，富含多种生物活性成分，可入药。红花蜂蜜因其蜜源植物而具有较高的药用价值。
随着经济的飞速发展，新科技、新技术在给人们生活带来便利的同时，也带来了不可忽视的辐射危害。目前，辐射污染继大气污染、水质污染、噪音污染之后，已成为威胁人类健康的第四大公害。如果人体长期暴露在超过安全限定的辐射剂量下，便会对机体细胞及组织产生严重杀伤作用。
因此，为了抵抗辐射对人体造成的伤害，有必要做好防护并提高机体组织的抗氧化能力，清除体内因辐射而产生的过多自由基，进而减少辐射对生物机体造成的各类损伤。
发明内容
针对现有技术的问题，本发明的目的是提供一种可抵抗辐射的新方法。
为了实现该目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。
红花具有活血通经，散瘀止痛之功效。用于经闭，痛经，恶露不行，症瘕痞块，胸痹心痛，瘀滞腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑损伤，疮疡肿痛等，相应的红花蜂蜜也具有软化血管、活血化瘀、改善血液循环、调节内分泌紊乱的效果。但本发明经研究发现，除此之外，红花蜂蜜在抗辐射功能上也有突出的表现，进而提出了其在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。
本发明中，所述抗辐射产品的活性成分仅为红花蜂蜜。
其中，所述红花蜂蜜包含丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素和三对香豆酰亚精胺。
优选，所述红花蜂蜜中，丁香醛的含量为10.43mg/kg～123.54mg/kg、4-羟基苯甲酸的含量为0.59mg/kg～13.40mg/kg、对羟基苯甲醛的含量为0.12mg/kg～3.44mg/kg、p-香豆酸的含量为0.22mg/kg～7.14mg/kg、核黄素的含量为0.69mg/kg～29.40mg/kg、光黄素的含量为6.10mg/kg～71.94mg/kg、光色素的含量为5.98mg/kg～113.14mg/kg、三对香豆酰亚精胺的含量为0.61mg/kg～11.12mg/kg。
本发明发现包含有上述成分的红花蜂蜜可提供抗辐射效果。进一步地，当各成分含量在本发明限定内时效果理想。
本发明还提供一种抗辐射产品，其制备原料包含红花蜂蜜。
其中，所述红花蜂蜜如上所述。
优选，所述抗辐射产品的活性成分仅为红花蜂蜜。
本发明的有益效果至少在于：
本发明公开了红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用，该红花蜂蜜能够提高机体组织抗氧化能力，及时清除因辐射产生的过多自由基，抵抗辐射对生物机体的损伤，具有广阔的食品及医学应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中具有抗辐射功能的红花蜂蜜的HPLC图谱；其中，色谱峰编号分别代表：1.4-羟基苯甲酸；2.对羟基苯甲醛；3.丁香醛；4.p-香豆酸；5.核黄素；6.光黄素；7.光色素；8.三对香豆酰亚精胺。
图2为本发明实施例2的红花蜂蜜提取物对γ射线辐射的细胞存活率影响结果图，其中，#表示与正常对照组相比p<0.05，*表示与辐射组相比p<0.05。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的优选实施方式进行详细说明。需要理解的是以下实施例的给出仅是为了起到说明的目的，并不是用于对本发明的范围进行限制。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的宗旨和精神的情况下，可以对本发明进行各种修改和替换。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
本实施例对本发明的抗辐射红花蜂蜜的成分进行测定。
操作方法：
①准确称量红花蜂蜜样品20g，溶于80mL超纯水，用玻璃棒搅拌溶解后，加稀释的氨水调节至pH为7左右；
②用离心机离心20分钟(离心力为8500g)，去除固体杂质后取上清液备用；
③对固相萃取柱进行活化和平衡，用4mL分析级甲醇活化Strata-X-A固相萃取柱，再加入4mL超纯水平衡；
④把蜂蜜上清液加入固相萃取柱，以富集多酚类化合物。当蜂蜜样品全部流过后，用4ml超纯水对萃取柱进行冲洗，目的是使粘附在柱内的残留蜂蜜溶液全部流过萃取柱。先用1mL的色谱级甲醇洗脱，收集从萃取柱中流下的洗脱液，再用2mL含5％甲酸的甲醇溶液进行二次洗脱。
⑤收集的全部洗脱液在氮吹仪下吹干，加入2mL复溶液(2％色谱级乙酸+23％超纯水+75％色谱级甲醇)进行复溶，用0.22μm的滤膜进行过滤，即得到高效液相色谱上样液。
⑥高效液相色谱法检测方法为：流动相A为水(含0.2％乙酸)，流动相B为甲醇(含0.2％乙酸)。色谱柱为C18(150×4.6mm，5μm)；紫外检测波长270nm、上样体积为20μL，总流速为0.7mL/min。液相洗脱程序为：0-11min,9％-15％B；11-18min,15％B；18-28min,15-17％B；28-30min,17-22％B；30-39min,22-26％B；39-46min,26-32％B；46-56min,32-33％B；56-60min,33-34％B；60-70min,34-37％B；70-80min,37-41％B；80-90min,41-45％B；90-100min,45-51％B；100-105min,51-54％B；105-110min,54-57％B；110-120min,57-64％B；120-130min,64-70％B；130-135min,70-80％B。
⑦使用外标法计算丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素、三对香豆酰亚精胺含量。
以上述方法对6份不同的红花蜂蜜样品进行测试，其编号分别为C01-C06，它们的HPLC图谱参见图1。
丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素和三对香豆酰亚精胺的含量测试具体结果见表1。
表1红花蜂蜜样品中植物化合物含量(mg/kg)
实施例2
本实施例对抗辐射红花蜂蜜提取物的细胞抗辐射作用进行了评价。
将正常培养的AHH-1淋巴细胞分为4组：正常对照组、辐射组、阳性对照组和实验组。正常对照组为含10％胎牛血清的培养基培养细胞且不接受γ射线(6.0Gy)辐射；辐射组采用相同培养基培养细胞，并用γ射线辐射；阳性对照组为在γ射线辐射前于培养基中加入原花青素(50mg/kg)孵育2h，后经γ射线辐射；实验组1，2，3分别为在培养基中加入实施例1中样品C04、C05、C06的红花蜂蜜提取物(采用实施例1的步骤①-②对样品进行处理后获得的上清液)孵育2h，后经γ射线辐射。辐射结束后，辐射组、阳性对照组和实验组细胞置于CO2培养箱中连续培养24h后离心弃去培养基，采用MTT法进行细胞存活率评价。
具体结果见图2。结果表明，与正常对照组比较，辐射组的细胞存活率急剧降低(p<0.05)。当在培养基中加入红花蜂蜜提取物或原花青素，实验组1、2、3和阳性对照组细胞存活率明显高于辐射组，且与辐射组比较具有显著性差异(p＜0.05)。此外，细胞存活率与红花蜂蜜提取物中丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素、三对香豆酰亚精胺的含量呈现一定的正相关性。表明红花蜂蜜提取物丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素、三对香豆酰亚精胺豆具有抗辐射作用。
实施例3
本实施例对抗辐射红花蜂蜜的抗辐射功能进行了评价。
具体通过建立γ射线小鼠损伤模型，评价抗辐射红花蜂蜜对辐射损伤小鼠的影响。
选择SD大鼠，25d龄，体重(22±1.5)g。选择80只雄性小白鼠，随机分为8组，每组10只小鼠。正常对照组饮用蒸馏水正常饲料喂养且不接受X射线辐射。辐射组饮用蒸馏水正常饲料喂养并接受辐射。实验组1-5小鼠自动饮用含有不同种类蜂蜜的水溶液(15g/ml)正常饲料喂养并接受辐射。实验组1红花蜂蜜(样品C04)、实验组2麦卢卡蜂蜜、实验组3洋槐蜂蜜、实验组4椴树蜂蜜、实验组5油菜蜂蜜。阳性对照为接受抗辐射药物硫酸锌(0.1g/kg)的正常饲料并接受辐射。除正常对照组外，各组小鼠经6.0Gy剂量γ射线照射，实验周期30天。观察小鼠的存活数量并检测各组小鼠的脏器系数及外周血细胞变化。所述的各指标的测定方法均采用本领域公知的常规方法。
具体结果见表2-表3。
表2辐射后小鼠存活数量及脏器系数情况
表3辐射后小鼠外周血细胞情况
结果表明，饲喂红花蜂蜜水溶液的小鼠的脏器系数及外周血细胞变化指标均高于辐射组，表明红花蜂蜜可以一定程度地保护小鼠免受辐射造成的损伤。此外，五种蜂蜜的抗辐射保护效果依次为：红花蜂蜜＞麦卢卡蜂蜜＞油菜蜂蜜＞椴树蜂蜜＞洋槐蜂蜜。
实施例4
本实施例对抗辐射红花蜂蜜的缓解视疲劳功能进行了评价。具体评价方法参见《缓解视疲劳功能评价方法》，文件编号：国食药监保化〔2012〕107号。
将75名符合条件的视疲劳受试者随机分为对照组(25人)、试验组1(25人)、试验组2(25人)。试验组1和试验组2分别每人每日食用红花蜂蜜(样品C04)和洋槐蜂蜜50g，早晚各1次，连续食用14天。对照组连续14天食用等量果葡糖浆安慰剂。于试验开始和结束时记录功效性指标，采用自身前后对照和组间对照方法进行比较。所述指标的测定方法均采用本领域公知的常规方法。视疲劳症状判定评分表见表4。
表4视疲劳症状判定(半定量积分法)
注：“偶有”指1-2次/2天；“时有”指1-3次/天；“经常”指>3次/天。
具体试验结果见表5-表6。
表5试验前后症状积分变化情况
注：#表示与对照组试验后比较，p<0.05。
表6试验前后明视持久度变化情况
注：明视持久度＝(明视时间/注视总时间)×100％，#表示与对照组试验后比较，p＜0.05。
结果表明，试验组1(试食红花蜂蜜)与对照组组间比较，视疲劳感明显减轻，症状总积分差异具有显著性(p＜0.05)，明视持久度差异具有显著性(p＜0.05)。试验组1的明视持久度平均提高9.12％。表明红花蜂蜜具有一定的抗辐射缓解视疲劳功能。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1.红花蜂蜜在制备抗辐射产品中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述抗辐射产品的活性成分仅为红花蜂蜜。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的应用，其特征在于，所述红花蜂蜜包含丁香醛、4-羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛、p-香豆酸、核黄素、光黄素、光色素和三对香豆酰亚精胺。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用，其特征在于，所述红花蜂蜜中，丁香醛的含量为10.43mg/kg～123.54mg/kg、4-羟基苯甲酸的含量为0.59mg/kg～13.40mg/kg、对羟基苯甲醛的含量为0.12mg/kg～3.44mg/kg、p-香豆酸的含量为0.22mg/kg～7.14mg/kg、核黄素的含量为0.69mg/kg～29.40mg/kg、光黄素的含量为6.10mg/kg～71.94mg/kg、光色素的含量为5.98mg/kg～113.14mg/kg、三对香豆酰亚精胺的含量为0.61mg/kg～11.12mg/kg。
5.一种抗辐射产品，其特征在于，其制备原料包含红花蜂蜜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗辐射产品，其特征在于，所述红花蜂蜜如权利要求3或4中所述。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的抗辐射产品，其特征在于，所述抗辐射产品的活性成分仅为红花蜂蜜。
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