CN111875378A - 一种pzt基高居里温度压电陶瓷及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种pzt基高居里温度压电陶瓷及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003781 PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷及制备方法,包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26‑28份、二氧化钛15‑17份、五氧化二铌2.0‑4.0份、碳酸锂0.1‑0.2份。经LiNb03合成、混料、预烧、造粒、成型及排塑、烧结、上电极、极化、测量制备而成。通过在PZT中引入高居里温度LiNb03组分,进一步提高了PZT基压电陶瓷的居里温度Tc,拓展了压电陶瓷在极端环境下的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及压电陶瓷,主要是一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷及制备方法,主要应用于石油测井及汽车用压电陶瓷驱动器等方面,属于电子元器件制造技术领域。
背景技术
PZT压电陶瓷是由铁电体PbTi03与反铁电体PbZr03形成的连续固溶体,由于优良的压电和介电性能,PZT压电陶瓷一直占据压电陶瓷的主要应用市场,成为商业化最普及的压电陶瓷;但PZT压电陶瓷居里温度Tc一般较低(150~360℃),限制了其在高温环境下的应用。
近年来,随着压电陶瓷应用范围的进一步拓展,在一些极端环境下对压电陶瓷的服役性能提出了新的挑战,例如在石油勘探领域,在钻探过程中,探头传感器需要对周围环境的温度、压力、流量等数据进行采集,而且探头附近的环境温度会在很宽的范围内变化,这就要求相关的压电传感器能够承受较高的温度。声波测井用压电陶瓷与常规PZT压电陶瓷相比,有其自身特殊性:首先,在高温高压条件下性能稳定,这样才能保证传感器适应油井的高温高压环境;其次,在此环境下需要保持高的发射功率、灵敏度、频率一致性等,这样才能满足良好的测量精度与测量效率要求。
另外,目前高级汽车电喷系统中的喷油器普遍采用压电式喷油器,与传统的机械式化油器比较,电控汽油喷射系统可以使汽车发动机功率提高5%~10%,汽油消耗率降低5%~10%,废气排放量减少20%;市场的压电式喷油器中压电陶瓷驱动器多采用常规PZT压电陶瓷,其安全使用温度仅在150℃以下,如果压电陶瓷的服役温度超过了1/2Tc,会引起压电陶瓷严重的退极化,导致压电陶瓷性能衰退甚至失去压电性能;
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足,而提供一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷及制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案来完成的。一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷,包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份。
更进一步的,包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份、三氧化二锑0.01-0.1份。
本发明公开了一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂和五氧化二铌在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
3)预烧:将混合好的料浆烘干,压块后置于氧化铝坩埚中,然后在隧道式推板窑中进行预烧合成,预烧温度为860~880℃,保温2小时;
4)造粒:将预烧后的料块粉碎,然后置于搅拌磨中进行搅拌细磨,搅拌时按重量比原料:锆球:纯净水=1:2:0.7比例进行,搅拌3小时后加入重量百分比为3~7%聚乙烯醇粘结剂,继续搅拌0.5小时,然后在喷雾塔中进行造粒;
5)成型及排塑:将造粒好的粉料通过干压成型法制得Φ25×2.5~2.8mm坯体;成型后的坯体在750~850℃保温2-5小时排胶;
6)烧结:于1270℃~1310℃密封烧结,保温2h;
7)上电极:瓷件烧结后,经磨削、清洗、烘干后在主平面上被覆银电极,然后置于加热炉中,升温至750℃保温30分钟,自然冷却至室温;
8)极化:上好电极试样在130~140℃硅油中,施加2.0~2.5kv/mm直流电场进行极化。
更进一步的,在步骤2)中,混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛、三氧化二锑,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆。
本发明的有益效果为:提供了一种居里温度高、综合电学性能好的PZT基压电陶瓷,通过在PZT中引入高居里温度LiNb03组分,进一步提高了PZT基压电陶瓷的居里温度Tc,拓展了压电陶瓷在极端环境下的应用。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1、2、3的介温图谱;
图2是本发明实施例1自然断面扫描电镜SEM图;
图3是本发明实施例2自然断面扫描电镜SEM图;
图4是本发明实施例3自然断面扫描电镜SEM图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明做详细的介绍:
本发明开了一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷,包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份。
更进一步的,包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份、三氧化二锑0.01-0.1份。
本发明公开了一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂和五氧化二铌在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
3)预烧:将混合好的料浆烘干,压块后置于氧化铝坩埚中,然后在隧道式推板窑中进行预烧合成,预烧温度为860~880℃,保温2小时;
4)造粒:将预烧后的料块粉碎,然后置于搅拌磨中进行搅拌细磨,搅拌时按重量比原料:锆球:纯净水=1:2:0.7比例进行,搅拌3小时后加入重量百分比为3~7%聚乙烯醇粘结剂,继续搅拌0.5小时,然后在喷雾塔中进行造粒;
5)成型及排塑:将造粒好的粉料通过干压成型法制得Φ25×2.5~2.8mm坯体;成型后的坯体在750~850℃保温2-5小时排胶;
6)烧结:于1270℃~1310℃密封烧结,保温2h;
7)上电极:瓷件烧结后,经磨削、清洗、烘干后在主平面上被覆银电极,然后置于加热炉中,升温至750℃保温30分钟,自然冷却至室温;
8)极化:上好电极试样在130~140℃硅油中,施加2.0~2.5kv/mm直流电场进行极化。
更进一步的,在步骤2)中,混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛、三氧化二锑,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆。
实施例1:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂0.10重量份和五氧化二铌2.11重量份,在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅100重量份、二氧化锆27.54重量份、二氧化钛16.26重量份,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
3)预烧:将混合好的料浆烘干,压块后置于氧化铝坩埚中,然后在隧道式推板窑中进行预烧合成,预烧温度为860~880℃,保温2小时;
4)造粒:将预烧后的料块粉碎,然后置于搅拌磨中进行搅拌细磨,搅拌时按重量比原料:
锆球:纯净水=1:2:0.7比例进行,搅拌3小时后加入重量百分比为3~7%聚乙烯醇粘结剂,继续搅拌0.5小时,然后在喷雾塔中进行造粒;
5)成型及排塑:将造粒好的粉料通过干压成型法制得Φ25×2.5~2.8mm坯体;成型后的坯体在750~850℃保温2-5小时排胶;
6)烧结:于1270℃~1310℃密封烧结,保温2h;
7)上电极:瓷件烧结后,经磨削、清洗、烘干后在主平面上被覆银电极,然后置于加热炉中,升温至750℃保温30分钟,自然冷却至室温;
8)极化:上好电极试样在130~140℃硅油中,施加2.0~2.5kv/mm直流电场进行极化;
9)测量及表征:
i.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜对压电陶瓷的自然断面进行微观表征;
ii.采用阻抗分析仪测试压电陶瓷的介温图谱,测试频率为1KHz;
iii.将极化处理过的压电陶瓷片,于室温下放置5~7天后测试其压电性能。
实施例2:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂0.12重量份和五氧化二铌2.33重量份,在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅100重量份、二氧化锆27.27重量份、二氧化钛16.26重量份、三氧化二锑0.01重量份,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
步骤3)—9)与实施例1相同。
实施例3:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂0.14重量份和五氧化二铌2.55重量份,在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅100重量份、二氧化锆27.00重量份、二氧化钛16.26重量份、三氧化二锑0.05重量份,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
步骤3)—9)与实施例1相同。
将上述各实施例制备出的压电陶瓷材料性能列于表1。
表1
可以理解的是,对本领域技术人员来说,对本发明的技术方案及发明构思加以等同替换或改变都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷,其特征在于:包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷,其特征在于:包括以下重量份数的原料:四氧化三铅100份、二氧化锆26-28份、二氧化钛15-17份、五氧化二铌2.0-3.0份、碳酸锂0.1-0.2份、三氧化二锑0.01-0.1份。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷的方法,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
1)LiNb03合成:将碳酸锂和五氧化二铌在120~130℃温度下烘烤12小时,然后干法混合球磨,混合均匀的物料在1000~1100℃的温度下保温4h,合成LiNb03;
2)混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆;
3)预烧:将混合好的料浆烘干,压块后置于氧化铝坩埚中,然后在隧道式推板窑中进行预烧合成,预烧温度为860~880℃,保温2小时;
4)造粒:将预烧后的料块粉碎,然后置于搅拌磨中进行搅拌细磨,搅拌时按重量比原料:锆球:纯净水=1:2:0.7比例进行,搅拌3小时后加入重量百分比为3~7%聚乙烯醇粘结剂,继续搅拌0.5小时,然后在喷雾塔中进行造粒;
5)成型及排塑:将造粒好的粉料通过干压成型法制得Φ25×2.5~2.8mm坯体;成型后的坯体在750~850℃保温2-5小时排胶;
6)烧结:于1270℃~1310℃密封烧结,保温2h;
7)上电极:瓷件烧结后,经磨削、清洗、烘干后在主平面上被覆银电极,然后置于加热炉中,升温至750℃保温30分钟,自然冷却至室温;
8)极化:上好电极试样在130~140℃硅油中,施加2.0~2.5kv/mm直流电场进行极化。
4.根据权利要求3所述的PZT基高居里温度压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤2)中,混料:将合成的LiNb03、四氧化三铅、二氧化锆、二氧化钛、三氧化二锑,加入到滚筒磨中湿法混料18小时,充分混合均匀后出浆。
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