CN111869556A - Culture method for promoting pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings - Google Patents
Culture method for promoting pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111869556A CN111869556A CN202010438892.9A CN202010438892A CN111869556A CN 111869556 A CN111869556 A CN 111869556A CN 202010438892 A CN202010438892 A CN 202010438892A CN 111869556 A CN111869556 A CN 111869556A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culture method for promoting pigeonpea seeds to germinate and grow into seedlings rapidly, which comprises the following steps of 1) seed selection and disinfection; 2) seed soaking: placing the disinfected seeds in a clean basin, adding water to submerge the seeds, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator; 3) seed germination: covering a layer of gauze on the clean bottom of the basin, uniformly covering a layer of soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, adding water and keeping the pigeon peas moist, and placing the pigeon peas in a constant-temperature incubator; 4) after 1-2 days, taking out the seeds which germinate and grow to 1-2 cm from the incubator; 5) and (3) sterilization: preparing cleaned and dried quartz sand and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, respectively sterilizing and cooling for later use; 6) sand culture: sowing semen Cajani seed in quartz sand, spraying nutrient solution to moisten quartz sand in pot, and culturing in greenhouse. The method can promote the rapid germination of the pigeon pea seeds, screen pigeon pea with poor growth vigor as early as possible, can obtain pigeon pea seedlings more quickly, and is suitable for agricultural production and life science research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of basic research of plant life science and agricultural production, in particular to a culture method for promoting pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings.
Background
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) is an evergreen shrub that is perennial or annual, and is the only woody plant in edible legume crops. It is usually planted in tropical and subtropical regions and mainly distributed in Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan and other places in China. In the aspect of edible value, the pigeonpea seeds are rich in various nutritional ingredients required by human bodies, such as protein, vitamins, mineral substances and the like, and the pigeonpea starch quality is more beneficial to the absorption of the human bodies than the starch of other edible beans. In the aspect of medicinal value, stems, leaves, flowers and seeds of the pigeon pea can be used as medicines, and have the effects of heat-clearing, detoxifying, pain-relieving and bleeding-stopping, roots of the pigeon pea can be used for heat-clearing, detoxifying, bleeding-stopping and pain-relieving and also has the effect of killing insects, and the leaves have better treatment effects on cough, diarrhea, aphtha and the like. The externally applied pigeonpea and other traditional Chinese medicine extracts can obviously improve the relative content of fibronectin in the wound surface, thereby promoting the healing of the wound surface, and in addition, the pigeonpea leaves have good ingenious effect on treating femoral head necrosis.
In agricultural production of pigeon peas, most of pigeon peas adopt a conventional sowing mode, namely, firstly, seeds which are free of plant diseases and insect pests and uniform are preliminarily screened, the seeds are scattered in soil according to a certain plant-row spacing, and water is poured enough to wait for growth; in the aspect of basic research of plant life science, pigeon pea is generally soaked until germination, then sown in a seedling pot, and cultured in a greenhouse environment. Both of the above two different sowing modes have problems such as failure to ensure emergence rate, slow seedling growth, possibility of requiring subsequent reseeding, etc. In the aspect of scientific research and research, more time has to be spent for the growth of the seedlings; in the aspect of agricultural production, the cost of seedlings and labor is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the cultivation method for quickly growing the pigeon pea, which is simple to operate and low in cost, can obviously improve the germination speed of pigeon pea seeds and promote the growth of seedlings and screen seedlings with inconsistent growth vigor as soon as possible in the aspects of basic research of life science related to plants and the field of agricultural production.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a culture method for promoting the quick germination and growth of pigeon pea seeds into seedlings comprises the following steps
(1) Seed selection and disinfection: the pigeon pea seeds with full grains and consistent sizes are firstly disinfected for 30-60 s by using 70-80% ethanol solution, then soaked and washed for 5-8 min by using 10-30% sodium hypochlorite solution, and finally washed for 3-5 times by using sterile water.
(2) Seed soaking: and (3) placing the disinfected seeds in a clean basin, adding water in an amount which is 2-4 times that of the seeds, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at the temperature of 25-40 ℃.
(3) Seed germination: and after soaking the seeds for 24-36 h, pouring out the water in the basin, slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking the clean basin, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, uniformly paving a layer of soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5-1 cm in the basin. And covering a breathable cover on the basin, placing the basin in a constant-temperature incubator, setting the temperature to be 25-40 ℃, and spraying water once in the morning and at night to ensure that the basin is moist but the water does not completely overflow the seeds.
(4) And after 1-2 days, germinating the pigeon pea seeds, growing 1-2 cm embryos, and taking the pots out of the incubator.
(5) And (3) sterilization preparation: cleaning quartz sand, drying water in an oven, sterilizing for 1-2 h at 121 ℃ under the pressure of 0.019-0.212MPa, and cooling for later use. Preparing 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, sterilizing at 115 deg.C under 0.019-0.212MPa for 15min, and cooling.
(6) Sand culture: and (3) taking a seedling raising pot, paving sterilized quartz sand with the thickness of 3-4 cm at the bottom of the seedling raising pot, soaking the quartz sand by 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand. Gently inserting the pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3-4 cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of 1-2 cm on the surfaces of the seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in the pots, finally covering the covers of the seedling pots, placing the pots in a greenhouse for cultivation, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and evening, and keeping the pots moist. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx. After 10-12 days, growing the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand.
In the step (1), preferably, the solution is sterilized by 75 percent ethanol solution for 50 s; selecting 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for soaking and washing for 6 min; the number of times of washing with sterile water was 4.
In the step (2), it is preferable that the amount of water added is set to 3 times the volume of the seed and the temperature of the incubator is set to 37 ℃.
In the step (3), preferably, the water storage depth in the basin is 0.5cm, and the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is set to 37 ℃.
In the step (5), the sterilization time of the quartz sand is preferably 1.5 h.
In the step (6), preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
The culture method for promoting the pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings is applied to agricultural production: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a matrix for culture; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay. The mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is (2.5-3.5): (1.5-2.5): 0.5-1.5), and preferably 3:2: 1. Enough water is needed for the first transplantation, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx.
Preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
The culture method for promoting the pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings is applied to basic research of plant life science: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a liquid culture medium for culture; the liquid culture medium is 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, the depth of the Hoagland nutrient solution in the hydroponic box is 5-8 cm, and an air pump is used for providing oxygen for seedlings; the power of the air pump is 9W, the air flow is 4L/min, and the air pump works for 10min per hour; the size of the water culture box is 40cm by 25cm by 15cm, the water culture box is provided with a seedling culture plate with 24 holes, and the water culture box contains matched sponge and a planting basket, and the diameter of the planting basket is 4 cm; and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 3-5 days. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx.
Preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 4 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can greatly improve the germination speed and the germination rate of the pigeon pea, obtain pigeon pea seedlings in a short time, effectively reduce the reseeding caused by the fact that the pigeon pea cannot grow seedlings in agricultural production, reduce the seed cost and the labor cost and reduce the production cost; in the field of basic research of plant life science, liquid culture is beneficial to uniformity and stability of each treatment, effectively reduces the difference between repetitions and is beneficial to reappearance of experiments.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 shows imbibed pigeon pea seeds;
FIG. 2 shows a pigeon pea seed from which embryos have grown;
FIG. 3 example 1 Cajanus cajan seedlings cultured for 25 days from the start of seed selection;
FIG. 4 example 2 growing of pigeon pea seedlings for 25 days from the start of selection;
FIG. 5 control example 1 Cajanus cajan seedlings cultured for 25 days from the start of seed selection;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the culture method for promoting the pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings comprises the following steps
(1) Seed selection and disinfection: the pigeon pea seeds with full grains and consistent sizes are firstly disinfected for 30-60 s by using 70-80% ethanol solution, then soaked and washed for 5-8 min by using 10-30% sodium hypochlorite solution, and finally washed for 3-5 times by using sterile water. Preferably, sterilizing with 75% ethanol solution for 50 s; selecting 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for soaking and washing for 6 min; the number of times of washing with sterile water was 4.
(2) Seed soaking: and (3) placing the disinfected seeds in a clean basin, adding water in an amount which is 2-4 times that of the seeds, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at the temperature of 25-40 ℃. Preferably, the amount of water added is set to 3 times the volume of the seed and the incubator temperature is set at 37 ℃.
(3) Seed germination: and after soaking the seeds for 24-36 h, pouring out the water in the basin, slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking the clean basin, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, uniformly paving a layer of soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5-1 cm in the basin. And covering a breathable cover on the basin, placing the basin in a constant-temperature incubator, setting the temperature to be 25-40 ℃, and spraying water once in the morning and at night to ensure that the basin is moist but the water does not completely overflow the seeds. Preferably, the depth of the water stored in the basin is 0.5cm, and the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is set to 37 ℃.
(4) And after 1-2 days, germinating the pigeon pea seeds, growing 1-2 cm embryos, and taking the pots out of the incubator.
(5) And (3) sterilization preparation: cleaning quartz sand, drying water in an oven, sterilizing for 1-2 h at 121 ℃ under the pressure of 0.019-0.212MPa, and cooling for later use. Preparing 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, sterilizing at 115 deg.C under 0.019-0.212MPa for 15min, and cooling. The Hoagland nutrient solution is purchased from Shandong Tuo general bioengineering GmbH, and can be used as other commercial brands of Hoagland nutrient solutions. Preferably, the sterilization time of the quartz sand is 1.5 h.
(6) Sand culture: and (3) taking a seedling raising pot, paving sterilized quartz sand with the thickness of 3-4 cm at the bottom of the seedling raising pot, soaking the quartz sand by 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand. Gently inserting the pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3-4 cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of 1-2 cm on the surfaces of the seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in the pots, finally covering the covers of the seedling pots, placing the pots in a greenhouse for cultivation, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and evening, and keeping the pots moist. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx. After 10-12 days, growing the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand. Preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
The culture method for promoting the pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings is applied to agricultural production: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a matrix for culture; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay. The mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is (2.5-3.5): (1.5-2.5): 0.5-1.5), and preferably 3:2: 1. Enough water is needed for the first transplantation, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx. Preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
The culture method for promoting the pigeonpea seeds to rapidly germinate and grow into seedlings is applied to basic research of plant life science: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a liquid culture medium for culture; the liquid culture medium is 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, the depth of the Hoagland nutrient solution in the hydroponic box is 5-8 cm, and an air pump is used for providing oxygen for seedlings; the power of the air pump is 9W, the air flow is 4L/min, and the air pump works for 10min per hour; the size of the water culture box is 40cm by 25cm by 15cm, the water culture box is provided with a seedling culture plate with 24 holes, and the water culture box contains matched sponge and a planting basket, and the diameter of the planting basket is 4 cm; and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 3-5 days. The culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx. Preferably, the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 4 days.
Example 1
(1) Selecting seeds and sterilizing: the method comprises the steps of disinfecting the full and consistent pigeon pea seeds with 75% ethanol for 50s, then soaking and washing with 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for 6min, and finally washing with sterile water for 4 times.
(2) Seed soaking: the sterilized seeds were placed in a clean pot, soaked with water in an amount of about 3 times the volume of the seeds, and placed in a thermostatted incubator set at 37 deg.f. C
(3) Seed germination: after soaking seeds for 24h, pouring out the water in the pot and slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking a clean pot, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, placing the soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, uniformly paving a layer of gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5cm in the pot. Covering the basin with a ventilating cover, placing the basin in a constant temperature incubator, and spraying water once in the morning and at the night at the temperature of 37 ℃ to ensure the humidity in the basin.
(4) After 1d, the pigeon pea seeds germinate to grow embryos of about 1-2 cm, and the pots are taken out of the incubator.
(5) And (3) sterilization preparation: cleaning quartz sand, drying water in an oven, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 1.5h under high temperature and high pressure, and cooling for later use. Preparing 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, sterilizing at 115 deg.C under high temperature and high pressure for 15min, and cooling.
(6) Sand culture: taking a seedling raising pot, paving quartz sand with the thickness of 4cm at the bottom, infiltrating the quartz sand with 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand. The method comprises the steps of gently inserting pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of about 1cm on the surfaces of the pigeon pea seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in a pot, covering a cover of a seedling pot, placing the pot in a greenhouse for culturing, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and at night, and keeping the pot moist. The culture temperature is 25 ℃, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx. After 10 days, growing pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand.
(7) The agricultural production application is as follows: pouring a large amount of distilled water into a seedling culture pot to loosen pigeon pea seedlings growing in quartz sand, and slightly pulling out pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the pigeon pea seedlings in a matrix for culture; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay. The mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is 3:2: 1. Enough water is needed for the first transplantation, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings. The culture temperature is 25 deg.C, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx.
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Example 2
(1) Selecting seeds and sterilizing: the method comprises the steps of disinfecting the full and consistent pigeon pea seeds with 75% ethanol for 50s, then soaking and washing with 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for 6min, and finally washing with sterile water for 4 times.
(2) Seed soaking: the sterilized seeds were placed in a clean pot, soaked with water in an amount of about 3 times the volume of the seeds, and placed in a thermostatted incubator set at 37 deg.f. C
(3) Seed germination: after soaking seeds for 24h, pouring out the water in the pot and slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking a clean pot, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, placing the soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, uniformly paving a layer of gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5cm in the pot. Covering the basin with a ventilating cover, placing the basin in a constant temperature incubator, and spraying water once in the morning and at the night at the temperature of 37 ℃ to ensure the humidity in the basin.
(4) After 1d, the pigeon pea seeds germinate to grow embryos of about 1-2 cm, and the pots are taken out of the incubator.
(5) And (3) sterilization preparation: cleaning quartz sand, drying water in an oven, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 1.5h under high temperature and high pressure, and cooling for later use. Preparing 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, sterilizing at 115 deg.C under high temperature and high pressure for 15min, and cooling.
(6) Sand culture: taking a seedling raising pot, paving quartz sand with the thickness of 4cm at the bottom, infiltrating the quartz sand with 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand. The method comprises the steps of gently inserting pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of about 1cm on the surfaces of the pigeon pea seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in a pot, covering a cover of a seedling pot, placing the pot in a greenhouse for culturing, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and at night, and keeping the pot moist. The culture temperature is 25 deg.C, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx. After 10 days, growing pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand.
(7) Basic research field of plant life science: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a liquid culture medium for culture; the liquid culture medium is 1/5 Hoagland, the liquid depth in the water culture box is 6cm, and an air pump is used for providing oxygen for the seedlings; the power of the air pump is 9W, the air flow is 4L/min, and the air pump works for 10min per hour; the water culture box is 40cm by 25cm by 15cm in size, is provided with a 24-hole seedling culture plate and contains a matched sponge and a planting basket, and the diameter of the planting basket is 4cm m; the 1/5 Hoagland liquid was changed every 4 d. The culture temperature is 25 deg.C, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx.
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Example 3
(1) Same as in (1) of example 1
(2) Seed soaking: the sterilized seeds were placed in a clean pot, soaked with water in an amount of about 3 times the volume of the seeds, and placed in a constant temperature incubator set at 25 ℃.
(3) Seed germination: after soaking seeds for 36h, pouring out the water in the pot and slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking a clean pot, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, placing the soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, uniformly paving a layer of gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5cm in the pot. Covering a ventilated cover on the basin, placing the basin in a constant-temperature incubator, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, and spraying water once in the morning and at night to ensure the interior of the basin to be moist.
(4) After 1.5 days, the pigeon pea seeds germinate to grow embryos of about 1-2 cm, and the pots are taken out of the incubator.
(5) Same as example 1 (5)
(6) Same as example 1 (6)
(7) Same as example 1 (7)
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Example 4
(1) Same as example 2 (1)
(2) Same as example 2 (2)
(3) Same as example 2 (3)
(4) Same as example 2 (4)
(5) Same as example 2 (5)
(6) Sand culture: taking a seedling raising pot, paving quartz sand with the thickness of 4cm at the bottom, infiltrating the quartz sand with 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand. The method comprises the steps of gently inserting pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of about 1cm on the surfaces of the pigeon pea seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in a pot, covering a cover of a seedling pot, placing the pot in a greenhouse for culturing, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and at night, and keeping the pot moist. The culture temperature is 22 ℃, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx. After 10 days, growing pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand.
(7) Basic research field of plant life science: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a liquid culture medium for culture; the liquid culture medium is 1/5 Hoagland, the liquid depth in the water culture box is 5cm, and an air pump is used for providing oxygen for the seedlings; the power of the air pump is 9W, the air flow is 4L/min, and the air pump works for 10min per hour; the water culture box is 40cm by 25cm by 15cm in size, is provided with a 24-hole seedling culture plate and contains a matched sponge and a planting basket, and the diameter of the planting basket is 4cm m; the 1/5 Hoagland liquid was changed every 5 days. The culture temperature is 22 ℃, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx.
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Comparative example 1
(1) Selecting seeds and sterilizing: the method comprises the steps of disinfecting the full and consistent pigeon pea seeds with 75% ethanol for 50s, then soaking and washing with 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for 6min, and finally washing with sterile water for 4 times.
(2) Sowing seeds directly in the matrix; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay, and the mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is 3:2: 1. Sufficient water is poured during the first sowing, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings. The culture temperature is 25 deg.C, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx.
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Comparative example 2
(1) Selecting seeds and sterilizing: the method comprises the steps of disinfecting the full and consistent pigeon pea seeds with 75% ethanol for 50s, then soaking and washing with 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for 6min, and finally washing with sterile water for 4 times.
(2) Seed soaking: the sterilized seeds were placed in a clean pot, soaked with water in an amount of about 3 times the volume of the seeds, and placed in a thermostatted incubator set at 37 deg.f. C
(3) Seed germination: after soaking seeds for 24h, pouring out the water in the pot and slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking a clean pot, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom, placing the soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, uniformly paving a layer of gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5cm in the pot. Covering the basin with a ventilating cover, placing the basin in a constant temperature incubator, and spraying water once in the morning and at the night at the temperature of 37 ℃ to ensure the humidity in the basin.
(4) After 1d, the pigeon pea seeds germinate to grow embryos of about 1-2 cm, and the pots are taken out of the incubator.
(5) Sowing the germinated seeds in a matrix; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay, and the mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is 3:2: 1. Sufficient water is poured during the first sowing, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings. The culture temperature is 25 deg.C, the illumination period is 16h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1800 Lx.
The emergence rate, root length, fresh weight and seedling height 25 days after seed selection were adjusted.
Table 1 emergence rate, root length and seedling height comparison of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1, 2.
| Group of | Rate of emergence (%) | Root length (cm) | Miao height (cm) | Fresh weight (g) |
| Example 1 | 86 | 17.5 | 16 | 0.64 |
| Example 2 | 90 | 18 | 18 | 1.03 |
| Example 3 | 80 | 16 | 14 | 0.60 |
| Example 4 | 85 | 15 | 14 | 0.84 |
| Comparative example 1 | 45 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 0.34 |
| Comparative example 2 | 60 | 12.3 | 14 | 0.56 |
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A culture method for promoting pigeonpea seeds to germinate and grow into seedlings quickly is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed selection and disinfection: disinfecting the pigeon pea seeds with full particles and consistent sizes for 30-60 s by using 70-80% ethanol solution, then soaking and washing for 5-8 min by using 10-30% sodium hypochlorite solution, and finally washing for 3-5 times by using sterile water;
(2) seed soaking: placing the disinfected seeds in a clean basin, adding water in an amount which is 2-4 times of the volume of the seeds, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at the temperature of 25-40 ℃;
(3) seed germination: after soaking seeds for 24-36 h, pouring out water in the pot, slightly washing the seeds with new water, taking a clean pot, covering a layer of gauze at the bottom of the clean pot, uniformly paving a layer of soaked pigeon peas on the gauze, adding water to completely soak the gauze, and storing water with the depth of 0.5-1 cm in the pot; covering a breathable cover on the pot, placing the pot in a constant-temperature incubator, setting the temperature to be 25-40 ℃, and spraying water once in the morning and evening respectively to ensure that the inside of the pot is moist but the water cannot completely overflow the seeds;
(4) after 1-2 days, the pigeon pea seeds germinate and grow 1-2 cm embryos, and the pots are taken out of the incubator;
(5) and (3) sterilization preparation: cleaning quartz sand, drying water in an oven, sterilizing for 1-2 h at 121 ℃ under the pressure of 0.019-0.212MPa, and cooling for later use; preparing 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, sterilizing at 115 deg.C under 0.019-0.212MPa for 15min, and cooling;
(6) sand culture: taking a seedling raising pot, paving sterilized quartz sand with the thickness of 3-4 cm at the bottom of the seedling raising pot, infiltrating the quartz sand with 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, and paving the surface of the quartz sand; gently inserting pigeon pea seeds growing 1-2 cm embryos into quartz sand according to the line spacing of 3-4 cm, covering a layer of quartz sand with the thickness of 1-2 cm on the surfaces of the pigeon pea seeds, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution to moisten the quartz sand in the pots, finally covering a cover of a seedling pot, placing the seedling pot in a greenhouse for culturing, spraying 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution once in the morning and evening, and keeping the seedlings moist; the culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx; after 10-12 days, growing the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm in the quartz sand.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (1), disinfecting with 75% ethanol solution for 50 s; selecting 20% sodium hypochlorite solution for soaking and washing for 6 min; the number of times of washing with sterile water was 4.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (2), the water addition amount is set to be 3 times of the seed volume, and the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is set to be 37 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (3), the water storage depth in the basin is 0.5cm, and the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is set to be 37 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (5), the sterilization time of the quartz sand is 1.5 h.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (6), the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
7. Use of a cultivation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 for promoting rapid germination and seedling growth of pigeon pea seeds in agricultural production, wherein: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a matrix for culture; the matrix consists of vermiculite, perlite and clay; the mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is 2.5-3.5: 1.5-2.5: 0.5-1.5; sufficient water is needed for the first transplantation, and watering is carried out every day according to the state of the seedlings; the culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx.
8. The use of claim 7, wherein: the mass ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite to the clay is 3:2: 1; the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
9. The use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 for promoting the rapid germination and seedling growth of pigeon pea seeds in basic research of plant life science, wherein: pouring a large amount of water into the seedling culture pot to loosen the pigeon pea seedlings growing in the quartz sand, and slightly pulling out the pigeon pea seedlings with the height of 6-9 cm from the quartz sand and placing the seedlings in a liquid culture medium for culture; the liquid culture medium is 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution, the depth of the Hoagland nutrient solution in the hydroponic box is 5-8 cm, and an air pump is used for providing oxygen for seedlings; the power of the air pump is 9W, the air flow is 4L/min, and the air pump works for 10min per hour; the size of the water culture box is 40cm by 25cm by 15cm, the water culture box is provided with a seedling culture plate with 24 holes, and the water culture box contains matched sponge and a planting basket, and the diameter of the planting basket is 4 cm; the 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 3-5 days; the culture temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination period is 14-18 h/d, and the illumination intensity is 1600-2000 Lx.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein: the illumination period is 16h/d, the illumination intensity is 1800Lx, the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and 1/5 Hoagland nutrient solution is replaced every 4 days.
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