CN111869491B - Planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine tree - Google Patents
Planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine tree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, which comprises the following steps: pruning management, front promotion management, back control management and environment management, pruning management: comprises pruning after picking and pruning in fruiting period; and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer; the number of the remained branches is as follows: controlling the number of branches to be 18-22 when the flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching treatment; and (4) rear control management: firstly, drought control is vigorous; ② vigorous amino acid control; thirdly, ditching, root breaking and vigorous control; fourthly, pruning and vigorous growth control; and (3) environment management: removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film when the young shoots grow to 20-25cm in the flower bud differentiation period to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; and in the dormancy stage, the facilities are subjected to cold storage dormancy so that the facilities are kept for 50-60 days at the temperature below 7 ℃ and the humidity of 60% -70%. The method can promote the flower bud differentiation of the yellow-fleshed nectarine tree, form more and higher-quality full flower buds, advance the maturation time of the yellow-fleshed nectarine, obviously improve the yield and contribute to obtaining higher economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nectarine planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities-planted yellow nectarine trees.
Background
The yellow-flesh nectarine is a kind of early-maturing nectarine, has full red fruit color, bright and beautiful appearance, yellow pulp, crisp and sweet taste and rich nutritive value, and is a high-quality variety with higher market acceptance. The flower bud differentiation time of the yellow nectarine tree planted by the facility adopting the conventional planting technology is from 2 middle of the month to 3 middle of the month, and the mature time of the yellow nectarine tree is from 3 late of the month to 4 late of the month. The yellow flesh nectarine is early ripe, can realize early marketing, and obtains good income. The formation and differentiation of flower buds of yellow-fleshed nectarine trees is a very complex process, and the mechanism of flower formation has been studied for centuries, but there has been little research on how to promote flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, to advance the maturation time of yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and to increase yield.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only weak branches accounting for 10% -30% of the total branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the heavy shearing of the extra strong branches are subjected to pinching on strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches 10-15 days after the heavy shearing, so that the growth vigor is weakened by promoting more branches; the fruiting period pruning is specifically as follows: thinning tender branches of the yellow-fleshed nectarine trees in the fruiting period, selecting 10-20 relative strong branches for repeated cutting, keeping the base part for 5-10cm, and completing flower bud differentiation of the yellow-fleshed nectarine trees 7 months and 15 days ago;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for fruiting in the next year after pruning after picking, supplementing a proper amount of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer for weak trees, and watering after fertilizer flushing to promote new branches; the number of the remained branches is as follows: the number of branches is controlled to be 18-22 when the flower bud differentiation is completed, so that the light utilization rate is increased to promote the flower bud differentiation; pinching: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out pinching treatment once when the harvested and trimmed vigorous shoots grow to 10-15cm long, so that one branch of the vigorous shoots becomes multiple branches, avoiding the vigorous branches with the diameter of more than 6mm, and facilitating the conversion of the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree by the pinching treatment to promote flower bud differentiation;
(3) and (4) rear control management: drought control: after the picking, controlling water mainly, keeping the water content of the soil at 30-40%, leading the tender tips and leaves of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees to have a droop phenomenon at 14:00-15:00, and restoring to a normal state at 17:00-18:00 in the evening, thereby indicating that the water content of the soil is optimal; ② vigorous amino acid control: spraying amino acid water-soluble fertilizer diluted by 70-100 times to the leaf surface every 7-10 days for 1 time to inhibit growth; thirdly, ditching, root breaking and vigorous control: in the arid period, deep ditches are opened and roots are cut off, the roots of vigorous trees are cut off more, and the roots of weak trees are cut off less or are not cut off; in the above-mentioned treatment mode for controlling excessive growth, drought control is the first choice, because the peach tree grows in the open air during the excessive growth control period, when the rainwater is more, other methods are needed, when the water content of the soil is less than 40%, the excessive growth control is carried out by drought, when the excessive growth control is ineffective, amino acid is adopted to control the excessive growth, and the ditching, root cutting and excessive growth control are carried out particularly aiming at the special excessive growth tree; meanwhile, (1) the effect of vigorous control can be achieved to a certain extent by pruning aiming at the special vigorous branches in pruning management, and the whole post-control management can promote the nutrition retraction of the branches to form flower buds;
(4) and (3) environment management: in the flower bud differentiation period, when the young shoots grow to 20-25cm, the mulching film and the greenhouse film are removed to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air, and the surface layer absorbs roots to rapidly release water to cause drought and death; and in the dormancy stage, the facility is subjected to cold accumulation dormancy, so that the temperature in the facility is kept below 7 ℃, the humidity is kept at 60-70%, the cold accumulation dormancy lasts for 50-60 days, and the flower bud differentiation quality is improved.
The pruning management, the early promotion management, the later control management and the environmental management are combined, and finally, the yellow-fleshed nectarine trees planted by the facility can form plump flower buds with large quantity and high quality, the mature period of the yellow-fleshed nectarine is advanced, the yield of the yellow-fleshed nectarine is obviously improved, and considerable economic benefit is obtained.
Preferably, (1) in the pruning management, the time for pruning after harvesting is from 3 late months to 5 early months: in late 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only weak branches with the diameter not more than 3mm and 15-20% of the total number of branches are reserved; after 10-15 days after the heavy shearing, thinning out the relative strong branches in the branch group of the branch group with more branches and influencing illumination, and pinching the strong tips of the branch group with less branches and without influencing illumination to promote more branches and weaken the growth vigor; the pruning time period of the fruiting period is from the last ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, tender branches are thinned, 15 relative strong branches are selected for repeated truncation, and the base part is kept for 6-8 cm; the pruning management is carried out according to the time, the flower bud differentiation of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree in the current year is not influenced, and the effective formation of the flower buds is ensured.
More preferably, (2) in the promotion management, the branch retention is performed in three times, and the operation is specifically: reserving 40-45 new branches for each yellow peach tree with the age of more than 2 years so as to form more twigs with the diameter of 1-4 mm; when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, the number of branches of each plant is reduced to 28-32, and the number of branches of each plant is reduced to 18-22 after the flower bud differentiation is completed.
Further preferably, (3) in the post-control management, the ditching and root breaking are performed in the last 7 th month, and the depth of the deep ditch is 25-30 cm.
More preferably, in the environmental management, the sleep period is started in the last 9 th month, and the cold storage sleep is realized by covering the cotton quilts on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilts at night by combining the external environment.
Most preferably, in the (2) pre-promotion management and the (3) post-control management, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is a spray-leaf and bar-coating type amino acid water-soluble fertilizer produced by Shanxi Hongyui biotechnology limited, the amino acid is more than or equal to 100g/L, and the Mn + Zn + Mo is more than or equal to 20 g/L; (2) the application amount in the promotion management is 20 kg/mu; (3) in the post-control management, 70 times of liquid spray is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, the total spraying times are 3 times, and the inhibition effect of the vegetative growth is optimal under the parameter.
Compared with the conventional planting method for planting yellow-fleshed nectarine trees by facilities, the planting method can promote the flower bud differentiation of the yellow-fleshed nectarine trees planted by the facilities, improve the flower bud differentiation quality, finally can lead the mature period of the yellow-fleshed nectarine trees to be 10-15 days earlier, increase the flower bud differentiation sections with the lengths of 60-80cm by 18-24 sections, increase the fruit set percentage by about 32-42 percent, and lead the mature yellow-fleshed nectarine trees to have better quality. The method of the invention advances the maturation period of the yellow-flesh nectarine and obviously improves the yield of the yellow-flesh nectarine, is beneficial to entering the market as early as possible to meet the consumption demand of consumers on high-quality nectarine, and has considerable economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following examples were carried out in 3 months in 2019 to 2020 in 3 months at yellow peach greenhouse planting sites of Xinzhou Fenghe ecological agriculture development Limited (specific address: Yu Ling lowland swamp village, earth ditch county, Hequ, Xinzhou), for a total of 5 test fields (each test field has 4 acres of area, each set 2 times of repetition), labeled test field I, test field II, test field III, test field IV, and test field V, and were carried out in sequence according to the technical measures and conventional technical measures shown in example 1, example 2, example 3, and example 4, and described in detail in Chui, Wanglan, Xiaohui published in Heyue 2005, 04: and (5) researching the flower bud differentiation of the peach tree under out-of-season cultivation. The following amino acid water-soluble fertilizers are sprayed leaf and rod type amino acid water-soluble fertilizers produced by Shanxi Hongyi biotechnology limited, wherein the amino acid is more than or equal to 100g/L, and the Mn + Zn + Mo is more than or equal to 20 g/L.
Specifically, the following description is provided: the term "branches of extreme flourishing species" in this patent application means branches which have developed leaves prior to other branches and have reached a length of 10cm or more when the other branches are 5cm long.
Example 1
A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: 3, 21 days in 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only relatively thin and weak branches accounting for 30 percent of the total number of branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the extra strong branches are re-cut are subjected to pinching on strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches 10 days after the re-cutting; the fruiting period pruning is specifically as follows: 4, 1 to 4, 15 days, thinning the twigs of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree in the bearing period, selecting 10 relative twigs for heavy cutting, keeping the base part for 10cm, and cutting or retracting the yellow-flesh nectarine tree without bearing fruits;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for fruiting in the next year after pruning after picking, supplementing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to weak trees, wherein the fertilizing amount is 20 kg/mu, and watering for 1h after fertilizer flushing; keeping branches: the specific operation is as follows: 45 new branches are reserved for each yellow peach tree with the age of more than 2 years; when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, reducing the number of branches of each plant to 28, and reducing the number of branches of each plant to 22 after the flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching: carrying out pinching treatment on the young shoots which sprout firstly after being picked and trimmed and grow to 10cm long;
(3) and (4) rear control management: after the picking, controlling water mainly, keeping the water content of the soil to be about 30%, leading the tender tips and leaves of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees to have the drooping phenomenon at 14:00-15:00, and restoring to the normal state at 17:00-18:00 in the evening, thereby indicating that the water content of the soil is optimal; spraying 100 times of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution for 1 time to the leaf surfaces every 9 days, and spraying 4 times in total; opening a deep groove with the depth of 30cm for the yellow-fleshed oil trees with particularly vigorous growth in 7 months and 3 days to 7 months and 5 days, and cutting the roots of weak trees with less or continuous roots;
(4) and (3) environment management: removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film when the young shoots grow to about 20cm in the flower bud differentiation period to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; secondly, starting cold storage dormancy on the facilities in 25 days in 9 months, keeping the temperature in the facilities at 6 ℃, keeping the humidity at 60 percent, and keeping the cold storage dormancy for 60 days; the cold accumulation dormancy is realized by covering the cotton quilt on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilt at night by combining the external environment.
Example 2
A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: 3, within 25 days of 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only relatively thin and weak branches accounting for 10 percent of the total number of the branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the extra strong branches are re-cut are subjected to pinching on strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches 15 days after the re-cutting; the fruiting period pruning is specifically as follows: 4, 15 days to 4, 30 days, thinning the twigs of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree in the fruiting period, selecting 20 relative twigs for repeated truncation, keeping the base part for 5cm, and performing truncation or retraction on the peach tree without bearing fruits;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for fruiting in the next year after pruning after picking, supplementing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to weak trees, wherein the fertilizing amount is 20 kg/mu, and watering for 1h after fertilizer flushing; keeping branches: the specific operation is as follows: reserving 42 new branches for each plant of the yellow peach trees with the age of more than 2 years, reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 30 when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, and reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 20 after the flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching: carrying out pinching treatment on the young shoots which sprout firstly after being picked and trimmed and grow to 12cm long;
(3) and (4) rear control management: after the picking, controlling water mainly, keeping the water content of the soil to be about 35 percent, leading the tender tips and leaves of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees to have the drooping phenomenon at 14:00-15:00, and restoring to the normal state at 17:00-18:00 in the evening to show that the water content of the soil is optimal; spraying 80 times of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution for 1 time to the leaf surfaces every 10 days, and spraying 2 times in total; opening a deep groove with the depth of 30cm for a tree with particularly vigorous growth in 7 months and 9 days to 7 months and 10 days to cut roots, and cutting few or continuously cutting roots for weak trees;
(4) and (3) environment management: removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film when the young shoots grow to about 25cm in the flower bud differentiation period to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; beginning in 21 months of 9, performing cold storage dormancy on the facility, keeping the temperature and humidity in the facility at 5 ℃ and 65%, and keeping the cold storage dormancy for 55 days; the cold accumulation dormancy is realized by covering the cotton quilt on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilt at night by combining the external environment.
Example 3
A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: 3, 28 days in 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only the weak branches with the diameter not more than 3mm and the number of 20 percent of the total branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the extra strong branches are re-cut are subjected to pinching on strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches 12 days after the re-cutting; the fruiting period pruning is specifically as follows: 1 day in 5 months to 10 days in 5 months, thinning the twigs of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree in the fruiting period, selecting 15 relative twigs for heavy truncation, keeping the base part for 6cm, and performing truncation or retraction on the yellow-flesh nectarine tree without bearing fruits;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for fruiting in the next year after pruning after picking, supplementing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to weak trees, wherein the fertilizing amount is 20 kg/mu, and watering for 1h after fertilizer flushing; keeping branches: the specific operation is as follows: reserving 40 new branches for each plant of the yellow peach trees with the age of more than 2 years, reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 28 when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, and reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 18 after flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching: carrying out pinching treatment on the young shoots which sprout firstly after being picked and trimmed and grow to 13cm long;
(3) and (4) rear control management: after the picking, controlling water mainly, keeping the water content of the soil to be about 38%, leading the tender tips and leaves of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees to have the drooping phenomenon at 14:00-15:00, and restoring to the normal state at 17:00-18:00 in the evening, thereby indicating that the water content of the soil is optimal; spraying 100 times of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution for 1 time to the leaf surfaces every 7 days, and spraying 3 times in total; opening 25cm deep groove with root breaking at 7 months 5 days-7 months 8 days for trees with particularly vigorous growth, and cutting weak trees with few or no root breaking;
(4) and (3) environment management: firstly, in the flower bud differentiation period, when the young shoots grow to about 22cm, removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; secondly, starting cold storage dormancy on the facilities in 28 days in 9 months, keeping the temperature in the facilities at 4 ℃, keeping the humidity at 70 percent, and keeping the cold storage dormancy for 50 days; the cold accumulation dormancy is realized by covering the cotton quilt on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilt at night by combining the external environment.
Example 4
A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: 3, 30 days in 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only the weak branches with the diameter not more than 3mm and 15 percent of the total number of the branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the extra strong branches are re-cut are subjected to pinching on strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches 13 days after the re-cutting; the fruiting period pruning is specifically as follows: 4, 20 days to 5, 1 day, performing heavy truncation on the thinned twigs of the yellow-flesh nectarine tree in the fruiting period and selecting 15 relative twigs, wherein the base part is kept 8cm, and the yellow-flesh nectarine tree without bearing fruits can be truncated or retracted;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for fruiting in the next year after pruning after picking, supplementing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to weak trees, wherein the fertilizing amount is 20 kg/mu, and watering for 1h after fertilizer flushing; keeping branches: the specific operation is as follows: reserving 45 new branches for each plant of the yellow peach trees with the age of more than 2 years, reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 32 when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, and reducing the number of the branches of each plant to 22 after flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching: carrying out pinching treatment on the young shoots which sprout firstly after being picked and trimmed and grow to 15cm long;
(3) and (4) rear control management: after the picking, controlling water mainly, keeping the water content of the soil to be about 40%, leading the tender tips and leaves of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees to have the drooping phenomenon at 14:00-15:00, and restoring to the normal state at 17:00-18:00 in the evening, thereby indicating that the water content of the soil is optimal; for the extra-vigorous trees, ditching, root breaking and vigorous control are carried out: opening a deep groove with the depth of about 28cm for cutting off roots in 1 day in 7 months to 3 days in 7 months, wherein the weak trees have few or no broken roots;
(4) and (3) environment management: removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film when the young shoots grow to about 24cm in the flower bud differentiation period to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; secondly, starting cold storage dormancy on the facilities in 23 days 9 months, keeping the temperature in the facilities at 6 ℃, keeping the humidity at 63 percent, and keeping the cold storage dormancy for 58 days; the cold accumulation dormancy is realized by covering the cotton quilt on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilt at night by combining the external environment.
The statistics of the flower bud differentiation period and the yellow nectarine mature period of the yellow nectarine trees in the test fields I-V are as follows:
in the above table, the letters in parentheses indicate the degree of differentiation shown by the comparative analysis of the differentiation of each group of data, the letters are the same and indicate no difference, the letters are partially the same and indicate difference but not significant, and the letters are completely different and indicate difference.
The test results show that: the yellow-fleshed nectarine tree adopting the technical measures of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention can complete flower bud differentiation and form full and mature flower buds from the middle of 6 to 7 months, compared with the conventional technology, the flower bud differentiation completion period is delayed by about 3 to 5 months, but the mature period of the yellow-fleshed nectarine is advanced by 10 to 15 days; the yellow-fleshed nectarine tree adopting the technical measures of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention has 18 to 24 more flower bud differentiation sections with the length of 60 to 80cm than that of the yellow-fleshed nectarine tree treated by the conventional technology, the fruit set percentage is improved by 32 to 42 percent, and the quality of the mature yellow-fleshed nectarine is better. Therefore, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the maturation period of the yellow-flesh nectarine is advanced, the yield of the yellow-flesh nectarine is obviously improved, the yellow-flesh nectarine can enter the market as soon as possible to meet the consumption demand of consumers on high-quality nectarine, and the economic benefit is very considerable.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facilities planted yellow-fleshed nectarine trees is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: pruning management, promotion management, control management and environmental management after, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) trimming management: the method comprises postharvest pruning and fruiting period pruning, wherein the postharvest pruning specifically comprises the following steps: re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only weak branches accounting for 10% -30% of the total branches are reserved; the branches which germinate after the heavy shearing of the extra strong branches are subjected to pinching for strong and weak branches with more branches and weak branches with less branches 10-15 days after the heavy shearing; the fruiting period pruning specifically comprises: thinning the twigs of the yellow-flesh nectarine trees in the fruiting period, selecting 10-20 opposite strong twigs for repeated truncation, and keeping the base part at 5-10 cm; and the time for trimming after picking is from 3 ten days to 5 ten days: in late 3 months, re-shearing the picked yellow-fleshed nectarine trees, and pruning strong branches, wherein only weak branches with the diameter not more than 3mm and 15-20% of the total number of branches are reserved; after 10-15 days after the heavy shearing, thinning out the relative strong branches in the branch group of the branch group with more branches and influencing illumination, and pinching the strong tips of the branch group with less branches and without influencing illumination to promote more branches and weaken the growth vigor; the pruning time period of the fruiting period is from the last ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, tender branches are thinned, 15 relative strong branches are selected for repeated truncation, and the base part is kept for 6-8 cm;
(2) and (3) promotion management: supplementing water and fertilizer: preparing branches for the next-year fruiting after the pruning after the picking, and supplementing a proper amount of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer for weak trees to promote new branches; the number of the remained branches is as follows: the number of branches is controlled to be 18-22 when the flower bud differentiation is completed, so that the light utilization rate is increased to promote the flower bud differentiation; the branch retaining is carried out for three times, and the specific operation is as follows: reserving 40-45 new branches for each yellow peach tree with the age of more than 2 years; when the new branches grow to 25-30cm, reducing the number of branches of each plant to 28-32, and reducing the number of branches of each plant to 18-22 after the flower bud differentiation is completed; pinching: carrying out pinching treatment on the young shoots which sprout firstly after the pruning after the picking when the length of the young shoots reaches 10-15 cm;
(3) and (4) rear control management: drought control: after the picking, controlling water mainly, and keeping the water content of the soil at 30-40%; ② vigorous amino acid control: spraying amino acid water-soluble fertilizer diluted by 70-100 times to the leaf surface for 1 time every 7-10 days; thirdly, ditching, root breaking and vigorous control: in the drought period, the deep ditch of the extreme flourishing tree is cut and the root is broken, and the weak tree has less or no broken root; firstly, drought control is carried out, amino acid control is carried out again after drought control is ineffective, ditching, root breaking and vigorous control are carried out particularly for special vigorous trees;
(4) and (3) environment management: removing the mulching film and the greenhouse film when the young shoots grow to 20-25cm in the flower bud differentiation period to allow the young shoots to grow in the open air; in the dormancy stage, the cold accumulation dormancy is carried out on the facilities, so that the temperature in the facilities is kept below 7 ℃, the humidity is kept between 60 and 70 percent, and the cold accumulation dormancy lasts for 50 to 60 days.
2. The planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow peach trees according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: (3) in the post-control management, the ditching, root breaking and control are carried out in the last 7 months, and the depth of a deep ditch is 25-30 cm.
3. The planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow peach trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (4) in the environmental management, the device starts to enter a dormancy stage in the last 9 th of a month, and the cold accumulation dormancy is realized by covering the cotton quilts on the facility in the daytime and uncovering the cotton quilts at night by combining the external environment.
4. A planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of a yellow peach tree planted in a facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: (2) the method comprises the steps of (1) pre-promotion management and (3) post-control management, wherein the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is a leaf-spraying and rod-coating type amino acid water-soluble fertilizer produced by Shanxi Hongyui biotechnology limited, (2) the application amount of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in the pre-promotion management is 20 kg/mu, and (3) in the post-control management, 70 times of liquid spraying is carried out on leaf surfaces, and the total spraying times are 3 times.
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| CN102450208A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-05-16 | 张永民 | Field management method for nectarine planting |
| CN102440154A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-09 | 浙江师范大学 | Method for regulating and controlling blooming period of peach blossoms |
| CN103931460A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 宜兴市华汇现代农业发展有限公司 | Organic yellow peach cultivating method |
| CN107371968A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 杨俊� | A kind of method of plantation peach in area short of rain |
| CN109566226A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 李敦利 | Three-dimensional small happy peach breeding method |
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