CN111826775A - 一种基于蓄热聚丙烯腈保暖纤维面料的校服制作工艺 - Google Patents
一种基于蓄热聚丙烯腈保暖纤维面料的校服制作工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 8
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/54—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- D06M2101/28—Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
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- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
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- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,包括如下步骤:首先将均苯三甲酰氯加入到40℃的30#石蜡中混合均匀乳化,取质量为水相乳化液质量1%的乙二胺,40℃恒温反应30min,得微胶囊;再将聚丙烯腈溶解于51wt%的硫氰酸钠溶液中,将微胶囊加入,制得纺丝液;将配制好的纺丝液通过腈纶纤维湿法纺丝专用喷丝头挤出;挤出后的聚丙烯腈纤维在进行清洗、烘干,得到蓄热聚丙烯腈纤维;最终将聚丙烯酰胺制成质量分数为15%‑20%的水溶液,浸入制备的聚丙烯腈纤维,得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。本发明所制备的纤维热效率较高,纤维的蓄热量高于文献报道值具有良好的物理机械性能、服用性能、可加工性能和染色性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能性纤维技术领域,具体为一种基于蓄热聚丙烯腈保暖纤维面料的校服制作工艺。
背景技术
服装作为人类生活必不可少的生活物品,往往备受关注,据了解人们对面料的要求一般集中在:面料的手感要求柔软滑爽;面料的抗皱免烫性能和悬垂性能优良;面料具有持久耐洗的抗菌除臭、防紫外线、防辐射及隔热防高温等功能;面料具备吸湿速干功能;面料的热湿舒适性能和保暖性能优良;面料的抗起毛起球性能和抗撕裂性能良好。
伴随着校服的兴起,校服面料的市场剧增,不同功效的校服面料应运而生,学生相对于普通人员,运动量较大,出汗较多,现有技术的面料难以在保温和除湿矛盾之间达到一个平衡。
发明内容
针对现有的技术方案存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种基于蓄热聚丙烯腈保暖纤维面料的校服制作工艺,以解决现有技术中的各种缺陷。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,面料由表层和里层组成;其中,表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维,制备工艺包括如下步骤:
1)将均苯三甲酰氯加入到40℃的30#石蜡中混合均匀,均苯三甲酰氯和30#石蜡的质量比为1∶10,得混合物I;用高速剪切匀化乳化仪9000r/min乳化5s,得乳化液,取质量为水相乳化液质量1%的乙二胺,滴加溶解与乳化液中,40℃恒温反应30min,真空干燥,得微胶囊;
2)将聚丙烯腈溶解于51wt%的硫氰酸钠溶液中,得溶液Ⅱ,然后将微胶囊加入溶液Ⅱ中,制得纺丝液;聚丙烯腈聚合物和微胶囊在纺丝液中的总质量百分比浓度为13%-20%,聚丙烯腈与微胶囊的质量比为10∶1;
3)将配制好的纺丝液,在超声波中震荡3h-4h,脱去纺丝液中的气泡,将脱泡后的纺丝液通过腈纶纤维湿法纺丝专用喷丝头挤出,喷丝板规格为0.3mm×500孔,喷丝孔长径比为1.5∶1,喷丝速度10m/min;
4)挤出后的聚丙烯腈纤维在55℃-60℃的水浴中进行清洗,以彻底清除纤维中残留的硫氰酸钠,水洗后的蓄聚丙烯腈纤维在40℃-60℃的热风中烘干,经后加工处理后即得到蓄热聚丙烯腈纤维;
5)将聚丙烯酰胺制成质量分数为15%-20%的水溶液,浸入步骤4)制备的聚丙烯腈纤维,在温度为75℃-80℃条件下超声60min,然后滤过,在温度为100℃-120℃条件下烘干,得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;
6)麻纤维的改性:将麻纤维在钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中震荡20min-40min,然后滤过,干燥后用0.05mol/L-0.10mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液碱处理1小时-2小时,得到改性麻纤维;
7)纺纱:将步骤5)中改性聚丙烯腈纤维与棉纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅰ,将步骤6)中改性麻纤维与粘胶纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅱ,备用;
8)坯布织造:步骤7)中粗纱Ⅰ和粗纱Ⅱ继续牵伸拉细后,细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别经过络筒、整经、浆纱、穿经,织成坯布,再经坯布后处理,得到所述保暖校服面料,其中,细沙Ⅰ细度为80D/74F,细沙Ⅱ的细度为40D/38F。
进一步的,所述步骤2)中,聚丙烯腈可以使用干燥的聚丙烯腈聚合物粉末,也可以使用经清洗、漂白、干燥处理的回收废弃腈纶纤维。
进一步的,所述表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为6-7:1。
进一步的,所述里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为8-9:1。
进一步的,步骤1)中,所述水溶液中还包括质量百分数为0.05%-0.15%的氢氧化钾。
进一步的,步骤6)中,所述钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中钛酸酯偶联剂与水的质量比为1.5-2:10。
进一步的,步骤8)中,所述络筒过程中,络筒速度为700m/min-850m/min,络筒相对湿度为43%-53%。
一种基于蓄热保暖的聚丙烯腈纤维面料,面料由表层和里层组成;其中,表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维,且聚丙烯腈纤维是以相变点在40℃的30#石蜡为相变材料,以硫氰酸钠水溶液为溶剂,添加到聚丙烯腈聚合物溶液中,采用湿法纺丝法制备,并经过聚丙烯酰胺水溶液改性的聚丙烯腈纤维。
进一步的,所述制备的聚丙烯腈纤维的蓄热量30J/g-40J/g,断裂强度1.2cN/dT-1.5cN/dT,断裂伸长率18.5%-30.5%,勾接强度0.95cN/dT-1.25cN/dT,160℃热收缩率7.5%-11.5%。
一种校服,使用上述基于蓄热聚丙烯腈功能保暖纤维面料制备而成。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明保暖校服面料表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维,改变传统吸湿速干面料采用聚酯、聚酰胺等化学纤维的状况,通过对聚丙烯腈纤维和麻纤维改性,再分别与棉纤维、粘胶纤维混纺,发挥各自优势,提高面料的吸湿吸汗功能,提高面料的舒适度,并具有一定的保暖性。本发明所制备的纤维热效率较高,纤维的蓄热量高,具有良好的物理机械性能、服用性能;所用相变材料为已实现工业化生产的石蜡,具有成本低廉的优点,所制备的蓄热保暖纤维校服保暖效果好,蓄热量能达到30J/g-40J/g。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1
本实施例校服表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维;其中,表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为6:1;里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为8:1。
步骤1,将均苯三甲酰氯加入到40℃的30#石蜡中混合均匀,均苯三甲酰氯和30#石蜡的质量比为1∶10,得混合物I;用高速剪切匀化乳化仪9000r/min乳化5s,得乳化液,取质量为水相乳化液质量1%的乙二胺,滴加溶解与乳化液中,40℃恒温反应30min,真空干燥,得微胶囊。
步骤2,将聚丙烯腈溶解于51wt%的硫氰酸钠溶液中,得溶液Ⅱ,然后将微胶囊加入溶液Ⅱ中,制得纺丝液;聚丙烯腈聚合物和微胶囊在纺丝液中的总质量百分比浓度为20%,聚丙烯腈与微胶囊的质量比为10∶1。
步骤3,将配制好的纺丝液,在超声波中震荡4h,脱去纺丝液中的气泡,将脱泡后的纺丝液通过腈纶纤维湿法纺丝专用喷丝头挤出,喷丝板规格为0.3mm×500孔,喷丝孔长径比为1.5∶1,喷丝速度10m/min。
步骤4,挤出后的聚丙烯腈纤维在60℃的水浴中进行清洗,以彻底清除纤维中残留的硫氰酸钠,水洗后的蓄聚丙烯腈纤维在60℃的热风中烘干,经后加工处理后即得到蓄热聚丙烯腈纤维。
步骤5,将聚丙烯酰胺制成质量分数为20%的水溶液,浸入步骤4制备的聚丙烯腈纤维,在温度为80℃条件下超声60min,然后滤过,在温度为120℃条件下烘干,得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
步骤6,将麻纤维在钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中震荡40min,然后滤过,干燥后用0.05mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液碱处理1h,得到改性麻纤维;
上述中,钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中钛酸酯偶联剂与水的质量比为1:10。
步骤7,将步骤5中改性聚丙烯腈纤维与棉纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅰ,将步骤6中改性麻纤维与粘胶纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅱ,备用。
步骤8,步骤7中粗纱Ⅰ和粗纱Ⅱ继续牵伸拉细后,细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别经过络筒、整经、浆纱、穿经,织成坯布,再经坯布后处理,得到所述保暖校服面料,其中,细沙Ⅰ细度为80D/74F,细沙Ⅱ的细度为40D/38F。
上述中,络筒过程中,络筒速度为700m/min,络筒相对湿度为43%;络筒之前包括浸渍处理,具体为拉细后的细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别在亲水整理液中浸渍15分钟,然后脱水、烘干;亲水整理液由聚丙烯、硫酸铜、聚乙烯醇、季戊四醇脂肪酸酯与水按质量比2.5:0.5:1.2:3:10组成。
本实施例所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能如下:
表1:实施例1所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能
实施例2
本实施例校服表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维;其中,表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为7:1;里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为9:1。
步骤1,将均苯三甲酰氯加入到40℃的30#石蜡中混合均匀,均苯三甲酰氯和30#石蜡的质量比为1∶10,得混合物I;用高速剪切匀化乳化仪9000r/min乳化5s,得乳化液,取质量为水相乳化液质量1%的乙二胺,滴加溶解与乳化液中,40℃恒温反应30min,真空干燥,得微胶囊。
步骤2,将聚丙烯腈溶解于51wt%的硫氰酸钠溶液中,得溶液Ⅱ,然后将微胶囊加入溶液Ⅱ中,制得纺丝液;聚丙烯腈聚合物和微胶囊在纺丝液中的总质量百分比浓度为20%,聚丙烯腈与微胶囊的质量比为10∶1。
步骤3,将配制好的纺丝液,在超声波中震荡4h,脱去纺丝液中的气泡,将脱泡后的纺丝液通过腈纶纤维湿法纺丝专用喷丝头挤出,喷丝板规格为0.3mm×500孔,喷丝孔长径比为1.5∶1,喷丝速度10m/min。
步骤4,挤出后的聚丙烯腈纤维在60℃的水浴中进行清洗,以彻底清除纤维中残留的硫氰酸钠,水洗后的蓄聚丙烯腈纤维在60℃的热风中烘干,经后加工处理后即得到蓄热聚丙烯腈纤维。
步骤5,将聚丙烯酰胺制成质量分数为20%的水溶液,浸入步骤4制备的聚丙烯腈纤维,在温度为80℃条件下超声60min,然后滤过,在温度为120℃条件下烘干,得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
上述中,水溶液中还包括质量百分数为0.10%的氢氧化钾。
步骤6,将麻纤维在钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中震荡40min,然后滤过,干燥后用0.10mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液碱处理1h,得到改性麻纤维;
上述中,钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中钛酸酯偶联剂与水的质量比为2:10。
步骤7,将步骤5中改性聚丙烯腈纤维与棉纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅰ,将步骤6中改性麻纤维与粘胶纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅱ,备用。
步骤8,步骤7中粗纱Ⅰ和粗纱Ⅱ继续牵伸拉细后,细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别经过络筒、整经、浆纱、穿经,织成坯布,再经坯布后处理,得到所述保暖校服面料,其中,细沙Ⅰ细度为80D/74F,细沙Ⅱ的细度为40D/38F。
上述中,络筒过程中,络筒速度为850m/min,络筒相对湿度为53%;络筒之前包括浸渍处理,具体为拉细后的细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别在亲水整理液中浸渍30分钟,然后脱水、烘干;亲水整理液由聚丙烯、硫酸铜、聚乙烯醇、季戊四醇脂肪酸酯与水按质量比2.5:0.5:1.2:3.5:10组成。
本实施例所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能如下:
表2:实施例2所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能
实施例3
本实施例校服表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维;其中,表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为7:1;里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为8:1。制备方法和实施例1或2相同。
本实施例所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能如下:
表3:实施例3所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能
实施例4
本实施例校服表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维;其中,表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为6:1;里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为9:1。制备方法和实施例1或2相同。
本实施例所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能如下:
表4:实施例4所制备的改性聚丙烯腈纤维物理性能
试验例
本发明实施例1-4制备得到的保暖校服面料,根据AATCC79-2000标准测试水滴吸收时间:将本发明实施例1-4制备得到的速干保暖校服面料(在空气中回潮12h)平整地固定在绷布圈上,用管口直径为1mm的滴定管,在离布面高度1cm处滴下一滴水,并开始计时,当水珠反光度逐渐减少到一个完全不反光的水印时,停止计时;
根据GB/T3921.1-1997标准测试耐洗性:在SW-12A型耐洗色牢度试验机中进行。将本发明实施例1-4制备得到的保暖校服面料浸渍在2g/L的皂液中,40℃振荡水洗10min,清水洗2min,即完成一次水洗。
根据上述吸水性和耐洗性测试方法,统计测试结果见表5:
表5本发明实施例1-4制备得到的速干保暖校服面料测试结果
上述表1-5结果可以看出,本发明实施例1-4制备得到的保暖校服面料蓄热量30J/g-40J/g,断裂强度1.2cN/dT-1.5cN/dT,断裂伸长率18.5%-30.5%,勾接强度0.95cN/dT-1.25cN/dT,160℃热收缩率7.5%-11.5%,纤维的蓄热量高,具有良好的物理机械性能、服用性能;所用相变材料为已实现工业化生产的石蜡,具有成本低廉的优点,所制备的蓄热保暖纤维校服保暖效果好,同时,本发明实施例1-4制备得到的保暖校服面料的吸湿速干性良好,可以改善传统校服的穿着舒适度,耐水洗性良好,多次水洗之后依旧保持较好的吸湿速干功能,且具有一定的保暖性,适合推广。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明结构所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离本发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,面料由表层和里层组成;其中,表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维,制备工艺包括如下步骤:
1)将均苯三甲酰氯加入到40℃的30#石蜡中混合均匀,均苯三甲酰氯和30#石蜡的质量比为1∶10,得混合物I;用高速剪切匀化乳化仪9000r/min乳化5s,得乳化液,取质量为水相乳化液质量1%的乙二胺,滴加溶解与乳化液中,40℃恒温反应30min,真空干燥,得微胶囊;
2)将聚丙烯腈溶解于51wt%的硫氰酸钠溶液中,得溶液Ⅱ,然后将微胶囊加入溶液Ⅱ中,制得纺丝液;聚丙烯腈聚合物和微胶囊在纺丝液中的总质量百分比浓度为13%-20%,聚丙烯腈与微胶囊的质量比为10∶1;
3)将配制好的纺丝液,在超声波中震荡3h-4h,脱去纺丝液中的气泡,将脱泡后的纺丝液通过腈纶纤维湿法纺丝专用喷丝头挤出,喷丝板规格为0.3mm×500孔,喷丝孔长径比为1.5∶1,喷丝速度10m/min;
4)挤出后的聚丙烯腈纤维在55℃-60℃的水浴中进行清洗,以彻底清除纤维中残留的硫氰酸钠,水洗后的蓄聚丙烯腈纤维在40℃-60℃的热风中烘干,经后加工处理后即得到蓄热聚丙烯腈纤维;
5)将聚丙烯酰胺制成质量分数为15%-20%的水溶液,浸入步骤4)制备的聚丙烯腈纤维,在温度为75℃-80℃条件下超声60分钟,然后滤过,在温度为100℃-120℃条件下烘干,得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维;
6)麻纤维的改性:将麻纤维在钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中震荡20分钟-40分钟,然后滤过,干燥后用0.05mol/L-0.10mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液碱处理1小时-2小时,得到改性麻纤维;
7)纺纱:将步骤5)中改性聚丙烯腈纤维与棉纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅰ,将步骤6)中改性麻纤维与粘胶纤维经过清棉、梳棉、精梳、并条纺制粗纱Ⅱ,备用;
8)坯布织造:步骤7)中粗纱Ⅰ和粗纱Ⅱ继续牵伸拉细后,细沙Ⅰ和细沙Ⅱ分别经过络筒、整经、浆纱、穿经,织成坯布,再经坯布后处理,得到所述保暖校服面料,其中,细沙Ⅰ细度为80D/74F,细沙Ⅱ的细度为40D/38F。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤2)中,聚丙烯腈可以使用干燥的聚丙烯腈聚合物粉末,也可以使用经清洗、漂白、干燥处理的回收废弃腈纶纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,所述表层原料中棉纤维与聚丙烯腈的质量比为6-7:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,所述里层原料中麻纤维和粘胶纤维的质量比为8-9:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,步骤1)中,所述水溶液中还包括质量百分数为0.05%-0.15%的氢氧化钾。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,步骤6)中,所述钛酸酯偶联剂水溶液中钛酸酯偶联剂与水的质量比为1.5-2:10。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蓄热保暖聚丙烯腈纤维面料的校服制作工艺,其特征在于,步骤8)中,所述络筒过程中,络筒速度为700m/min-850m/min,络筒相对湿度为43%-53%。
8.一种基于蓄热保暖的聚丙烯腈纤维面料,其特征在于,面料由表层和里层组成;其中,表层原料为棉纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维;里层原料为麻纤维和粘胶纤维,且聚丙烯腈纤维是以相变点在40℃的30#石蜡为相变材料,以硫氰酸钠水溶液为溶剂,添加到聚丙烯腈聚合物溶液中,采用湿法纺丝法制备,并经过聚丙烯酰胺水溶液改性的聚丙烯腈纤维。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种基于蓄热保暖的聚丙烯腈纤维面料,其特征在于,所述制备的聚丙烯腈纤维的蓄热量30J/g-40J/g,断裂强度1.2cN/dT-1.5cN/dT,断裂伸长率18.5%-30.5%,勾接强度0.95cN/dT-1.25cN/dT,160℃热收缩率7.5%-11.5%。
10.一种校服,其特征在于,使用如权利要求8或9所述基于蓄热聚丙烯腈功能保暖纤维面料制备而成。
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