CN111819389B - 液化气罐 - Google Patents

液化气罐 Download PDF

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CN111819389B
CN111819389B CN201980017339.3A CN201980017339A CN111819389B CN 111819389 B CN111819389 B CN 111819389B CN 201980017339 A CN201980017339 A CN 201980017339A CN 111819389 B CN111819389 B CN 111819389B
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protruding portion
main body
liquefied gas
insulating layer
tank
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CN111819389A (zh
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浦口良介
吉田巧
江口雄三
村岸治
后神一藤
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

液化气罐具有：罐主体，其贮存液化气；空洞的突出部，其从罐主体向上突出，并且内部与罐主体的内部连通；第1隔热层，其覆盖罐主体；筒状的第2隔热层，其覆盖突出部的前端部以外的部分；以及盘，其在突出部的内部的与第2隔热层重合的区域内配置有多个，并且将突出部的内部分隔为沿突出部的突出方向排列的多个单元。

Description

液化气罐
技术领域
本发明涉及液化气罐。
背景技术
以往，公知有低温的液化气用的液化气罐。例如，在专利文献1中公开了图3所示的液化气罐100。
液化气罐100包含贮存液化气的罐主体110和从罐主体110向上突出的突出部120。突出部120是空洞，突出部120的内部与罐主体110的内部连通。罐主体110被第1隔热层130覆盖，突出部120的前端部以外的部分被筒状的第2隔热层140覆盖。
在突出部120的内部的与第2隔热层140重合的区域内配置有隔热部件150。隔热部件150是在金属制的盘状的壳中填充了发泡体的部件。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本实开昭55-89898号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
在专利文献1所公开的液化气罐100中，虽然突出部120的隔热性能也是充分的，但希望进一步提高突出部120的隔热性能。
因此，本发明的目的在于，提供与以往相比能够提高突出部的隔热性能的液化气罐。
用于解决课题的手段
为了解决上述课题，本发明的发明人等着眼于在突出部内使液化气气化而成的气化气体对流的情况，发现了能够通过抑制该对流来提高突出部的隔热性能。本发明是基于这样的观点而完成的。
即，本发明的液化气罐的特征在于，具有：罐主体，其贮存液化气；空洞的突出部，其从所述罐主体向上突出，并且内部与所述罐主体的内部连通；第1隔热层，其覆盖所述罐主体；筒状的第2隔热层，其覆盖所述突出部的前端部以外的部分；以及盘，其在所述突出部的内部的与所述第2隔热层重合的区域内配置有多个，并且将所述突出部的内部分隔为沿所述突出部的突出方向排列的多个单元。
根据上述结构，由于在突出部内只产生各单元内的小的对流，所以能够抑制透过所有的盘那样的从外部向罐主体的内部的热侵入。由此，能够提高突出部的隔热性能。
也可以是，在所述突出部的前端部设置有检修孔，在所述多个盘上分别设置有检修孔，并且安装有对所述检修孔进行开闭的检修孔盖。根据该结构，作业人员能够通过突出部的内部对罐主体的内部进行检查。
也可以是，在所述多个盘中的位于最上方的盘以外的盘上以能够沿着该盘滑动的方式安装有所述检修孔盖。根据该结构，能够以较小的间距配置盘。
例如，也可以是，所述突出部包含从所述罐主体立起的周壁和将所述周壁的上侧开口封闭的顶壁，所述多个盘安装在所述周壁的内周面上。
也可以是，所述多个盘分别是金属板。各盘也可以是在金属制的盘状的壳中填充了发泡体的部件，但如果各盘是金属板，则能够降低成本。
也可以是，所述第1隔热层包含：外槽，其与所述罐主体分离并且包围所述罐主体；以及所述外槽与所述罐主体之间的第1真空空间，所述第2隔热层包含：外管，其从所述外槽立起并包围所述突出部的前端部以外的部分；环状板，其连结所述外管的上端和所述突出部；以及所述外管与所述突出部之间的第2真空空间。根据该结构，由于罐主体和第1隔热层构成真空双层壳构造，并且突出部和第2隔热层构成真空双层壳构造，因此，能够进一步抑制从外部向罐主体的内部的热侵入。
发明效果
根据本发明，与以往相比，能够提高液化气罐的突出部的隔热性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一个实施方式的液化气罐的一部分的纵向剖视图。
图2是沿着图1的II-II线的横剖视图。
图3是现有的液化气罐的一部分的纵剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了本发明的一个实施方式的液化气罐1。该液化气罐1包含贮存液化气的罐主体2和从罐主体2向上突出的突出部3。液化气罐1可以搭载在液化气运输船等船舶上，也可以设置在地上。
液化气例如是液化石油气(LPG，约-45℃)、液化乙烯气体(LEG，约-100℃)、液化天然气(LNG，约-160℃)、液化氢(LH2，约-250℃)、液化氦(LHe，约-270℃)。
罐主体2的形状没有特别限定，可以是球形状，也可以是沿水平方向或铅垂方向延伸的圆筒状。或者，罐主体2的形状也可以是立方体状或长方体状。
突出部3的突出方向在本实施方式中与铅垂方向平行，但也可以相对于铅垂方向稍微倾斜。在本实施方式中，突出部3是被多个(图例中为2个)配管7贯穿的圆顶。配管7中的一个配管用于将由配置在罐主体2内的泵汲取的液化气向外部引导。
突出部3是空洞，突出部3的内部与罐主体2的内部连通。更详细地说，突出部3包含从罐主体2立起的周壁31和将周壁31的上侧开口封闭的顶壁32。上述配管7沿铅垂方向延伸并贯穿顶壁32。周壁31的上端部和顶壁32构成突出部3的前端部。
在本实施方式中，在突出部3的顶壁32(前端部)设置有检修孔33。检修孔33由与顶壁32接合的检修孔管34形成，并由检修孔盖35开闭。检修孔盖35在关闭检修孔33时通过螺栓等固定在设置于检修孔管34的上端的凸缘上，在打开检修孔33时被从检修孔管34拆下。另外，在突出部3的前端部也可以与检修孔33分开地设置用于将泵等设备向罐主体2的内部搬入或从内部搬出的开口、即由门或盖开闭的开口。
罐主体2由第1隔热层4覆盖，突出部3的前端部以外的部分由筒状的第2隔热层5覆盖。在本实施方式中，第1隔热层4和第2隔热层5分别包含真空空间。但是，第1隔热层4和第2隔热层5也可以分别由在罐主体2或突出部3的表面排列的多个隔热材料(例如，真空隔热板)构成。或者，第1隔热层4和第2隔热层5也可以分别为单纯的发泡体。在该情况下，第1隔热层4和第2隔热层5也可以分别由多个发泡板构成。
具体而言，第1隔热层4包含：外槽41，其与罐主体2分离并且包围罐主体2；以及外槽41与罐主体2之间的第1真空空间42。第2隔热层5包含：外管51，其从外槽41立起，并且包围突出部3的前端部以外的部分；环状板52，其连结外管51的上端和突出部3，并且在与突出部3的突出方向垂直的方向(在本实施方式中为水平方向)上是平坦的；以及外管51与突出部3之间的第2真空空间53。第2真空空间53与第1真空空间42连通。
在突出部3的内部的与第2隔热层5重合的区域、换言之突出部3的内部的比第2隔热层5的上端靠下方的区域内，以沿突出部3的突出方向排列的方式配置有3张盘(disk)6A～6C。但是，只要盘的数量是多个，则可以是任何数量。盘6A～6C被上述的配管7贯穿。
盘6A～6C各自在与突出部3的突出方向垂直的方向上是平坦的，并且安装在突出部3的周壁31的内周面上。通过这些盘6A～6C，突出部3的内部被分隔为沿突出部3的突出方向排列的多个单元30。
作为各盘向周壁31的内周面安装的安装方法，可采用各种方法。例如，各盘可以直接安装在周壁31的内周面上，也可以经由截面L字状的部件(未图示)等间接地安装在周壁31的内周面上。
在本实施方式中，盘6A～6C分别是金属板。盘6A～6C可以分别是在金属制的盘状的壳中填充了发泡体的部件，但只要盘6A～6C分别是金属板，便能够降低成本。
在盘6A～6C的各个盘上，在与上述的检修孔33对应的位置设置有检修孔61。另外，在盘6A～6C上分别安装有对检修孔61进行开闭的检修孔盖62。
更详细地说，在位于最上方的盘6A上以能够经由省略图示的铰链摇动(摆动)的方式安装有检修孔盖62，在其他的盘6B、6C上以能够经由省略图示的滑动机构滑动的方式安装有检修孔盖62。
如以上说明的那样，在本实施方式的液化气罐1中，由于在突出部3内只产生各单元30内的小的对流，所以能够抑制透过所有的盘6A～6C那样的从外部向罐主体2的内部的热侵入。由此，能够提高突出部3的隔热性能。另外，无论盘6A～6C的结构(是金属板还是在金属制的盘状的壳中填充了泡沫体的部件等)如何，都能够得到该效果。
另外，在本实施方式中，由于在突出部3的前端部和盘6A～6C上设置有检修孔33、61，所以作业人员能够通过突出部3的内部对罐主体2的内部进行检查。
此外，在本实施方式中，能够通过摆动来简单地操作安装在位于最上方的盘6A上的检修孔盖62。另外，由于安装在其他的盘6B、6C上的检修孔盖62能够滑动，因此能够以较小的间距配置盘6A～6C。但是，也可以增大盘6A～6C的间距，使安装在盘6B、6C上的检修孔盖62为摆动式。或者，也可以使安装在所有的盘6A～6C上的检修孔盖62为滑动式。
另外，在本实施方式中，罐主体2和第1隔热层4构成真空双层壳构造，并且突出部3和第2隔热层5构成真空双层壳构造，因此能够进一步抑制从外部向罐主体2的内部的热侵入。
(变形例)
本发明并不限定于上述的实施方式，能够在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内进行各种变形。
例如，突出部3不一定是被配管7贯穿的圆顶，也可以是比圆顶小的检修孔部。在该情况下，突出部3也可以仅由检修孔管34和检修孔盖35构成。
标号说明
1：液化气罐；2：罐主体；3：突出部；30：单元；31：周壁；32：顶壁；4：第1隔热层；41：外槽；42：第1真空空间；5：第2隔热层；51：外管；52：环状板；53：第2真空空间；6A～6C：盘；61：检修孔；62：检修孔盖；7：配管。

Claims (5)

1.一种液化气罐，其具有：
罐主体，其贮存液化气；
空洞的突出部，其从所述罐主体向上突出，并且内部与所述罐主体的内部连通；
第1隔热层，其覆盖所述罐主体；
筒状的第2隔热层，其覆盖所述突出部的前端部以外的部分；以及
盘，其在所述突出部的内部的与所述第2隔热层重合的区域内配置有多个，并且将所述突出部的内部分隔为沿所述突出部的突出方向排列的多个单元，
在所述突出部的前端部设置有能够供人通过的检修孔，
在所述多个盘上分别设置有能够供人通过的检修孔，并且安装有对所述检修孔进行开闭的检修孔盖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液化气罐，其中，
在所述多个盘中的位于最上方的盘以外的盘上以能够沿着该盘滑动的方式安装有所述检修孔盖。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液化气罐，其中，
所述突出部包含从所述罐主体立起的周壁和将所述周壁的上侧开口封闭的顶壁，
所述多个盘安装在所述周壁的内周面上。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的液化气罐，其中，
所述多个盘分别是金属板。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的液化气罐，其中，
所述第1隔热层包含：
外槽，其与所述罐主体分离并且包围所述罐主体；以及
所述外槽与所述罐主体之间的第1真空空间，
所述第2隔热层包含：
外管，其从所述外槽立起并包围所述突出部的前端部以外的部分；
环状板，其连结所述外管的上端和所述突出部；以及
所述外管与所述突出部之间的第2真空空间。
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