CN111812174A - 一种检测lgg的电化学免疫传感器及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器及其制备和使用方法,该传感器,包括电极和包覆在电极上的Cu@Cu2O‑BNDC‑壳聚糖复合材料,其制备方法包括:(S1)电极预处理;(S2)制备Cu@Cu2O‑BNDC;(S3)制备Cu@Cu2O‑BNDC‑壳聚糖溶液;(S4)制备Cu@Cu2O‑BNDC‑壳聚糖复合电极;(S5)将LGG抗体滴加到Cu@Cu2O‑BNDC‑壳聚糖复合电极上,并用血清白蛋白溶液阻断其非特异性结合位点,用缓冲溶液洗涤后,得到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器;其使用方法包括:(1)检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器电化学行为测试;(2)实际样品的测量。该免疫传感器体积小,便于使用,在检测LGG时灵敏度高、抗干扰性强、检测时间短;其制备步骤简单、成本低廉。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电化学免疫传感器及其制备和使用方法,更具体地,涉及一种检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器及其制备和使用方法。
背景技术
鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)是一种重要的益生菌,上世纪80年代由美国科学家Gorbach和Goldin首次从健康人群的肠道中分离而得,具有保持肠道微生态平衡,抑制有害细菌生长,消除过敏等生理功能。电流型无标记免疫分析方法基于抗原抗体的特异性结合,在电极表面形成的免疫复合物阻碍电化学活性探针与电极之间的电子传输,从而引起电活性物质峰电流下降,利用这种电流的变化可实现LGG的定量检测。但是,现有传统的电化学探针应用于无标记电化学传感,传感器的检测灵敏度不高,未能在LGG检测上充分发挥电流型无标记免疫分析方法高灵敏度检测的优势。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种操作简单、成本低、灵敏度高的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器,本发明的另一目的是提供该免疫传感器的制备方法,本发明的又一目的是提供该免疫传感器的使用方。
技术方案:本发明所述一种检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器,包括电极和包覆在电极上的Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合材料。
其中,电极为玻碳电极。
本发明所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(S1)电极预处理;
(S2)将Cu(NO3)2溶液与苯胺溶液、过硫酸铵溶液混合,然后进行干燥、碳化,制得Cu@Cu2O-BNDC;
(S3)将Cu@Cu2O-BNDC分散在壳聚糖溶液中制得Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液;
(S4)将Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液滴加在预处理的电极上得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极;
(S5)将LGG抗体滴加到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极上,并用血清白蛋白溶液阻断其非特异性结合位点,用缓冲溶液洗涤后,得到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器。
其中,步骤2中苯胺溶液、Cu(NO3)2溶液与过硫酸铵溶液的摩尔比为3~7:5:4~6;并且先将苯胺和过硫酸铵分别溶于硼酸;碳化过程在惰性气体中,温度为800~1000℃,时间为2~3h;步骤4中LGG抗体浓度为80~120μgmL-1L。
本发明所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的使用方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器电化学行为测试:将LGG抗原滴加到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器上作为工作电极,与参比电极和辅助电极构成三电极体系,在含有[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-的PBS缓冲溶液中采用差分脉冲伏安法进行电化学测量,得出该电化学免疫传感器对LGG的拟合线性回归方程及检出限;
(2)实际样品的测量:将处理好的待测样品滴加到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器上作为工作电极,与参比电极和辅助电极构成三电极体系,进行电化学测量,并利用步骤1中的拟合线性回归方程即可计算出待检测样品中LGG的浓度。
其中,步骤1中LGG抗原浓度为102-108CFU/mL,参比电极和辅助电极分别为甘汞电极和铂丝电极。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比,其显著优点是:1、该免疫传感器体积小,便于使用;2、该免疫传感器在检测LGG时灵敏度高、抗干扰性强、检测时间短,检出限为55CFU/mL;3、该免疫传感器的制备步骤简单、成本低廉。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中Cu@Cu2O-BNDC的扫描电镜图;
图2是实施例1中三电极体系的LGG抗原溶液浓度与其对应峰电流的线性关系图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
S1:将玻碳电极分别在1.0μm、0.3μm的Al2O3在麂皮上抛光至镜面,每次抛光后先洗去表面污物,然后转移到乙醇和去离子水中超声10min;
S2:将50mM苯胺溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,然后将50mM过硫酸铵溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,再将上述溶液在0℃下混合并保持20min,向其中滴加新配制的50mM Cu(NO3)2溶液在N2下连续搅拌12h,然后在60℃下真空蒸发,用蒸馏水洗涤所获得的固体,并在80℃的真空烘箱中干燥,最后将所得样品在900℃N2下碳化2h,得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC粉末,其扫描电镜图如图1所示;
S3:将2.0mg Cu@Cu2O-BNDC粉末分散在1.0wt%壳聚糖溶液中并超声10min,得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液;
S4:将5.0μL Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液滴加到预处理的玻碳电极上,并使其在4℃下干燥12h,干燥后得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极;
S5:将10μL的100μgmL-1LGG抗体在室温下,Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极,静置1小时,然后用pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液洗涤以除去物理吸附,最后,将得到的电极与1%牛血清蛋白溶液在室温下封闭1小时,阻断非特异性结合位点,用PBS缓冲溶液再次洗涤后,得到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器。
使用时,先将5μL浓度为102-108CFU/mL的LGG溶液滴加到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器上,并以其为工作电极,铂丝电极为对电极,甘汞电极为参比电极构成经典三电极结构,在含有5.0mM[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-的10mL pH=7.4的PBS溶液中进行电化学测量,采用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV),参数设定如下:振幅为50mV;脉冲宽度为0.05s;脉冲周期为0.5s。以不同浓度的LGG为横坐标,峰电流值为纵坐标,可得散点分布图如图2所示,做直线拟合后分析可知,复合电极所检测到的峰电流值在102-108CFU/mL区间处具有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=-11.854x+251.6,R2=0.9924,检出限为55CFU/mL。
对实际样品进行检测,选取添加了鼠李糖乳杆菌的牛奶作为检测样品,取1mL无菌12%的脱脂牛奶,添加pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液稀释至10mL制成待测样品,将待测样品分别添加不同浓度的鼠李糖乳杆菌,用该传感器检测上述样品,重复5次,结果如表1所示,免疫传感器的相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.71%-5.13%之间,回收率在90.98%-103.76%之间,说明本发明提出的免疫传感器能够很好地应用于鼠李糖乳杆菌的测定。
表1实际样品检测
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别是步骤S2中:将30mM苯胺溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,然后将40mM过硫酸铵溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,再将上述溶液在0℃下混合并保持20min,向其中滴加新配制的50mM Cu(NO3)2溶液在N2下连续搅拌12h,然后在60℃下真空蒸发,用蒸馏水洗涤所获得的固体,并在80℃的真空烘箱中干燥,最后将所得样品在750℃N2下碳化4h,得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC粉末;最终得到的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器检出限为10000CFU/mL。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1的区别是步骤S2中:将70mM苯胺溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,然后将60mM过硫酸铵溶于1M硼酸定容至100mL,再将上述溶液在0℃下混合并保持20min,向其中滴加新配制的50mM Cu(NO3)2溶液在N2下连续搅拌24h,然后在60℃下真空蒸发,用蒸馏水洗涤所获得的固体,并在80℃的真空烘箱中干燥,最后将所得样品在1000℃N2下碳化3h,得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC粉末;最终得到的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器检出限为3000CFU/mL。
Claims (10)
1.一种检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器,其特征在于,包括电极和包覆在电极上的Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器,其特征在于,所述电极为玻碳电极。
3.一种权利要求1所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(S1)电极预处理;
(S2)将Cu(NO3)2溶液与苯胺溶液、过硫酸铵溶液混合,然后进行干燥、碳化,制得Cu@Cu2O-BNDC;
(S3)将Cu@Cu2O-BNDC分散在壳聚糖溶液中制得Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液;
(S4)将Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖溶液滴加在预处理的电极上得到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极;
(S5)将LGG抗体滴加到Cu@Cu2O-BNDC-壳聚糖复合电极上,并用血清白蛋白溶液阻断其非特异性结合位点,用缓冲溶液洗涤后,得到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中苯胺溶液、Cu(NO3)2溶液与过硫酸铵溶液的摩尔比为3~7:5:4~6。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中先将苯胺和过硫酸铵分别溶于硼酸。
6.根据权利要求3所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中碳化过程在惰性气体中,温度为750~1000℃,时间为2~4h。
7.根据权利要求3所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4中LGG抗体浓度为90~110μgmL-1。
8.一种权利要求1所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的使用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器电化学行为测试:将LGG抗原滴加到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器上作为工作电极,与参比电极和辅助电极构成三电极体系,在含有[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-的PBS缓冲溶液中采用差分脉冲伏安法进行电化学测量,得出该电化学免疫传感器对LGG的拟合线性回归方程及检出限;
(2)实际样品的测量:将处理好的待测样品滴加到检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器上作为工作电极,与参比电极和辅助电极构成三电极体系,进行电化学测量,并利用步骤1中的拟合线性回归方程即可计算出待检测样品中LGG的浓度。
9.根据权利要求9中的所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的使用方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中LGG抗原浓度为102-108CFU/mL。
10.根据权利要求9中的所述的检测LGG的电化学免疫传感器的使用方法,其特征在于,所述参比电极和辅助电极分别为甘汞电极和铂丝电极。
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