CN111764172A - 一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111764172A
CN111764172A CN202010453125.5A CN202010453125A CN111764172A CN 111764172 A CN111764172 A CN 111764172A CN 202010453125 A CN202010453125 A CN 202010453125A CN 111764172 A CN111764172 A CN 111764172A
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fiber
parts
fabric
copper ammonia
mass ratio
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程丹彤
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Ningbo Sando Knitting Co ltd
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Ningbo Sando Knitting Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法，其技术方案为，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维55‑60份、聚酯纤维40‑90份、细旦丙纶纤维20‑25份、锦纶8‑15份、莫代尔纤维30‑35份、大豆蛋白纤维3‑5份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。本发明面料具有消毒抑菌的功能，且纤维的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、断裂强度高，有效协调了面料的皮肤亲和性和防污杀菌效果。

Description

一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纤维纺织技术领域，尤其是一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
铜氨纤维是一种再生纤维素纤维，它是将棉短绒等天然纤维素原料溶解在氢氧化铜或碱性铜盐的浓氨溶液内，配成纺丝液，在凝固浴中铜氨纤维素分子化合物分解再生出纤维素，生成的水合纤维素经后加工即得到铜氨纤维；铜氨纤维的截面呈圆形，无皮芯结构，纤维可承受高度提伸，制得的单丝较细，所以面料手感柔软，光泽柔和，有真丝感；由于铜氨纤维对含氯漂白剂、过氧化氢等氧化剂的抵抗能力差，所以铜氨纤维与其他纤维混纺的面料，在后续的前处理、染色及后整理过程中存在一定的难度。
传统的棉、涤原料在用于春夏服装面料时，都有存在排汗效果不佳的缺点，抗菌效果差。如专利号为CN201510120380.7的一种铜氨纤维/粘胶纤维抗菌混纺面料的制作方法，其为了抗菌使用了不稳定的化合物，与纤维本体粘附性较差，长时间使用抗菌效果衰减明显；再如专利号为CN201810790808.2的一种仿铜氨纤维面料的处理工艺，其纺织原料单一，虽然面料结构较好，但是缺乏良好的抗菌效果和防垢性能，实际使用中限制极多；又如专利号为CN201610821687.4的一种中草药铜氨纤维保健面料，其使用成分未经针对性的修饰，与纤维自身兼容性较差，并不能发挥面料的最大效果。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中的不足，提供了一种铜氨纤维面料，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维55-60份、聚酯纤维40-90份、细旦丙纶纤维20-25份、锦纶8-15份、莫代尔纤维30-35份、大豆蛋白纤维3-5份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。
本发明所述的铜氨纤维面料，制备方法如下：
(1)制备剑麻纤维：
将剑麻置于清水中冲洗20-30min，沥干水分后在60-70℃下烘干至水分含量为15-20％，再辗压30-60min；将剑麻与果胶酶溶液按照质量比1:15混合，浸泡20-30min，用微波加热至温度40-45℃，保温15-20min；待温度自然冷却至室温后，再用微波加热至35-40℃，保温30-40min，再将温度加热至50-55℃，趁热过滤，得到固体A；将固体A与盐溶液按照质量比1:22混合，在1.5-2个标准大气压下煮沸，保持沸腾时间15-22min，保温30-50min，将混合物离心得到固体B；将固体B与去离子水按照质量比1:18混合，在35-40℃下以80-99r/min的速率搅拌30-50min，过滤烘干即可；
(2)制备铜氨纤维：
将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维浸泡到氢氧化铜氨溶液中，总纤维量和铜氨溶液的质量比为1:8；加热到35-40℃，搅拌15-20min，再加入混合物总量13-15％的氢氧化钠溶液；继续搅拌20-30min，将温度升至41-43℃，在溶液中加入环氧氯丙烷，保温反应30-50min，再将气压降低至0.3-0.5个标准大气压，保温15-25min；将混合物过滤，经清水洗涤后沥干水分，再用50-60％乙醇溶液浸泡15-30min，清洗出去乙醇得到铜氨纤维；
(3)面料电离活化：
将铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维分别清洗后，经清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱及织布制作成混纺面料；将面料在0.3-0.5个标准大气压、湿度88-95％下加热到80-90℃，保温30-50min；将面料温度降至常温，60-70℃烘干，置于密封真空容器中；在10-15℃下，通入氨气，等离子体放电频率为13-15MHz，持续15-20min对面料电离处理；往容器中注入整理剂雾化液，注入量为面料质量的15-25％，将容器温度升高至35-40℃，保温40-50min；将面料取出，按照质量比1:8将面料与整理剂混合在25-35℃下浸泡3-5h；整理剂各组分按重量份数计为N-十二烷基葡萄糖月桂酰胺5份、钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉15份、乙醇70份、去离子水100份、硬脂酸单甘油酯5份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米二氧化钛3份。
进一步的，步骤(1)中，所述果胶酶溶液由质量比为1:120的果胶酶和超纯水混合，调节ph为3.2-4.5；所述盐溶液由质量比为1:3:97的亚硫酸钠、氢氧化钠、水混合而成。
进一步的，步骤(2)中，所述氢氧化钠溶液浓度为30％；所述环氧氯丙烷的用量为纤维总质量的17-20％。
进一步的，步骤(3)中，所述氨气通入速度为以30-50ml/s。
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术效果体现在：
本发明通过针对现有面料缺乏抗菌防垢的问题，先是通过剑麻纤维的提取，有效出去剑麻纤维中的糖、果胶等杂质，使得制备而成的剑麻纤维具有良好的光泽、且自身弹性比较大、拉力也很强、有较好的耐盐碱以及摩擦性能，为铜氨纤维面料提供良好的基础架构。
本发明将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制备铜氨纤维并使其环氧化，使得铜氨纤维的良好的吸湿、透气性好和皮肤接触性进一步提高，而且能有效吸收人体皮肤中的代谢产物，增加面料的使用体验。
本发明将制备得到的纤维加工成面料后经电离处理，通过电离活化，产生活性离子使基体表面链式基团断裂，形成自由基和极性基团，增加基体表面自由能和浸润性，同时通过刻蚀作用，清除基体表面颗粒状污染物，增加比表面积和粗糙度，对纤维的本体性质和强度影响小，在充分保持纤维面料性能的前提下，促进面料中铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维对整理剂的中纳米材料的吸附，不但进一步将面料定型，还促进了面料抗菌防垢体系的形成，提高面料的整体性。
本发明根据纤维面料活性基团特征，通过使用特定的整理剂，其含有的纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅能够填充纤维空隙，在光照下产生带负电的电子和带正电的空穴发生反应，形成空穴电子对，与纤维表面的水分子作用生成羟自由基和超氧化合物阴离子自由基，可以有效破坏空气中的多种有毒气体、攻击微生物细胞壁或细胞膜，影响DNA链中的碱基键之间的断裂，而且针对性的纤维制作成改性之后的面料多孔对于纳米材料产生的活性离子具有显著的包合作用，防止活性成分被空气中的杂质消耗，进而达到提高面料消毒抑菌的目的。
本发明钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉、纳米二氧化硅、纳米二氧化钛使用，提高了纤维的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、断裂强度，并且纳米材料是对纤维的深度填充，并没有改变纤维本身多孔性，有效降低污垢进入纤维内部，降低污迹附着程度，但是并没有降低面料的吸附性，有效协调了面料的皮肤亲和性和防污杀菌效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维55份、聚酯纤维40份、细旦丙纶纤维20份、锦纶8份、莫代尔纤维30份、大豆蛋白纤维3份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。
本实施例的铜氨纤维面料，制备方法如下：
(1)制备剑麻纤维：
将剑麻置于清水中冲洗20min，沥干水分后在60℃下烘干至水分含量为15％，再辗压30min；将剑麻与果胶酶溶液按照质量比1:15混合，浸泡20min，用微波加热至温度40℃，保温15min；待温度自然冷却至室温后，再用微波加热至35℃，保温30min，再将温度加热至50℃，趁热过滤，得到固体A；将固体A与盐溶液按照质量比1:22混合，在1.5个标准大气压下煮沸，保持沸腾时间15min，保温30min，将混合物离心得到固体B；将固体B与去离子水按照质量比1:18混合，在35℃下以80-99r/min的速率搅拌30min，过滤烘干即可；所述果胶酶溶液由质量比为1:120的果胶酶和超纯水混合，调节ph为3.2；所述盐溶液由质量比为1:3:97的亚硫酸钠、氢氧化钠、水混合而成。
(2)制备铜氨纤维：
将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维浸泡到氢氧化铜氨溶液中，总纤维量和铜氨溶液的质量比为1:8；加热到35℃，搅拌15min，再加入混合物总量13％的氢氧化钠溶液；继续搅拌20min，将温度升至41℃，在溶液中加入环氧氯丙烷，保温反应30min，再将气压降低至0.3-0.5个标准大气压，保温15-25min；将混合物过滤，经清水洗涤后沥干水分，再用50-60％乙醇溶液浸泡15-30min，清洗出去乙醇得到铜氨纤维；所述氢氧化钠溶液浓度为30％；所述环氧氯丙烷的用量为纤维总质量的17-20％。
(3)面料电离活化：
将铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维分别清洗后，经清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱及织布制作成混纺面料；将面料在0.3个标准大气压、湿度88％下加热到80℃，保温30min；将面料温度降至常温，60℃烘干，置于密封真空容器中；在10℃下，通入氨气，等离子体放电频率为13MHz，持续15min对面料电离处理；往容器中注入整理剂雾化液，注入量为面料质量的15％，将容器温度升高至35℃，保温40min；将面料取出，按照质量比1:8将面料与整理剂混合在25℃下浸泡3h；所述氨气通入速度为以30ml/s；整理剂各组分按重量份数计为N-十二烷基葡萄糖月桂酰胺5份、钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉15份、乙醇70份、去离子水100份、硬脂酸单甘油酯5份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米二氧化钛3份。
实施例2
一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维60份、聚酯纤维90份、细旦丙纶纤维25份、锦纶15份、莫代尔纤维35份、大豆蛋白纤维5份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。
本实施例的铜氨纤维面料，制备方法如下：
(1)制备剑麻纤维：
将剑麻置于清水中冲洗30min，沥干水分后在70℃下烘干至水分含量为20％，再辗压60min；将剑麻与果胶酶溶液按照质量比1:15混合，浸泡30min，用微波加热至温度45℃，保温20min；待温度自然冷却至室温后，再用微波加热至40℃，保温40min，再将温度加热至55℃，趁热过滤，得到固体A；将固体A与盐溶液按照质量比1:22混合，在2个标准大气压下煮沸，保持沸腾时间22min，保温50min，将混合物离心得到固体B；将固体B与去离子水按照质量比1:18混合，在40℃下以99r/min的速率搅拌50min，过滤烘干即可；所述果胶酶溶液由质量比为1:120的果胶酶和超纯水混合，调节ph为4.5；所述盐溶液由质量比为1:3:97的亚硫酸钠、氢氧化钠、水混合而成。
(2)制备铜氨纤维：
将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维浸泡到氢氧化铜氨溶液中，纤维量和铜氨溶液的质量比为1:8；加热到40℃，搅拌20min，再加入混合物总量15％的氢氧化钠溶液；继续搅拌30min，将温度升至43℃，在溶液中加入环氧氯丙烷，保温反应50min，再将气压降低至0.5个标准大气压，保温25min；将混合物过滤，经清水洗涤后沥干水分，再用60％乙醇溶液浸泡30min，清洗出去乙醇得到铜氨纤维；所述氢氧化钠溶液浓度为30％；所述环氧氯丙烷的用量为纤维总质量的17-20％。
(3)面料电离活化：
将铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维分别清洗后，经清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱及织布制作成混纺面料；将面料在0.5个标准大气压、湿度95％下加热到90℃，保温50min；将面料温度降至常温，70℃烘干，置于密封真空容器中；在15℃下，通入氨气，等离子体放电频率为15MHz，持续20min对面料电离处理；往容器中注入整理剂雾化液，注入量为面料质量的25％，将容器温度升高至40℃，保温50min；将面料取出，按照质量比1:8将面料与整理剂混合在35℃下浸泡5h；所述氨气通入速度为以50ml/s；整理剂各组分按重量份数计为N-十二烷基葡萄糖月桂酰胺5份、钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉15份、乙醇70份、去离子水100份、硬脂酸单甘油酯5份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米二氧化钛3份。
实施例3
一种铜氨纤维面料及其制备方法，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维59份、聚酯纤维43份、细旦丙纶纤维21份、锦纶11份、莫代尔纤维37份、大豆蛋白纤维4份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。
本实施例的铜氨纤维面料，制备方法如下：
(1)制备剑麻纤维：
将剑麻置于清水中冲洗29min，沥干水分后在61℃下烘干至水分含量为15％，再辗压60min；将剑麻与果胶酶溶液按照质量比1:15混合，浸泡20min，用微波加热至温度45℃，保温20min；待温度自然冷却至室温后，再用微波加热至35℃，保温40min，再将温度加热至50℃，趁热过滤，得到固体A；将固体A与盐溶液按照质量比1:22混合，在2个标准大气压下煮沸，保持沸腾时间15min，保温50min，将混合物离心得到固体B；将固体B与去离子水按照质量比1:18混合，在40℃下以80r/min的速率搅拌50min，过滤烘干即可；所述果胶酶溶液由质量比为1:120的果胶酶和超纯水混合，调节ph为3.2；所述盐溶液由质量比为1:3:97的亚硫酸钠、氢氧化钠、水混合而成。
(2)制备铜氨纤维：
将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维浸泡到氢氧化铜氨溶液中，纤维量和铜氨溶液的质量比为1:8；加热到40℃，搅拌15min，再加入混合物总量15％的氢氧化钠溶液；继续搅拌20min，将温度升至43℃，在溶液中加入环氧氯丙烷，保温反应30min，再将气压降低至0.5个标准大气压，保温15min；将混合物过滤，经清水洗涤后沥干水分，再用60％乙醇溶液浸泡15min，清洗出去乙醇得到铜氨纤维；所述氢氧化钠溶液浓度为30％；所述环氧氯丙烷的用量为纤维总质量的20％。
(3)面料电离活化：
将铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维分别清洗后，经清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱及织布制作成混纺面料；将面料在0.5个标准大气压、湿度88％下加热到90℃，保温30min；将面料温度降至常温，70℃烘干，置于密封真空容器中；在10℃下，通入氨气，等离子体放电频率为15MHz，持续15min对面料电离处理；往容器中注入整理剂雾化液，注入量为面料质量的25％，将容器温度升高至35℃，保温50min；将面料取出，按照质量比1:8将面料与整理剂混合在25-35℃下浸泡5h；所述氨气通入速度为以30ml/s；整理剂各组分按重量份数计为N-十二烷基葡萄糖月桂酰胺5份、钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉15份、乙醇70份、去离子水100份、硬脂酸单甘油酯5份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米二氧化钛3份。
对比例如下：
Figure BDA0002508296730000091
试验例
分别按照实施例1-3、对比例1-8制作面料，各组制成的面料参数为面密度251.64g/m2，厚度0.95mm，经密61横列/cm，纬密75/cm。分别对应实验组1-3、对照组1-6；按照参照FZ/T73023—2006标准检测各组面料的抗菌效果；参照GB/T3923.1—1997《纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分:断裂强力测定条样法》检测各组面料的断裂强度；参照GB/T 3819—1997《纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定回复角法》测试各组的抗折皱性能；根据GB/T30159.1-2013《纺织品防污性能检测和评价》，分别在各组面料3个部位滴下约0.05mL污液，根据表1进行评级。
表1防污等级
Figure BDA0002508296730000092
Figure BDA0002508296730000101
实验结果：
表2各组面料抗菌性能
金黄色葡萄球菌 大肠杆菌 白色念珠菌
实施例1 92.09 92.38 99.73
实施例2 91.39 99.71 93.94
实施例3 91.77 90.38 97.83
对比例1 87.60 78.20 83.09
对比例2 87.63 81.53 82.48
对比例3 89.40 88.28 91.10
对比例4 86.35 80.56 83.32
对比例5 75.29 71.23 73.64
对比例6 81.21 74.22 74.22
对比例7 74.36 69.32 70.99
对比例8 75.21 70.41 68.24
由表可以看出，采用本发明方法的实施例1-3对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌效果显著高于对比例1-8，但是对比例3的抑菌效果和对比例1-3比较接近，主要是加入了银粒子的原因，但是其抑菌效果是弱于本发明方法的。
表3面料性能检测
Figure BDA0002508296730000102
Figure BDA0002508296730000111
由表可以看出，实施例1-3的面料结构强度和防污效果显著高于对比例1-6，虽然对照组3中加入银粒子达到较好的抑菌效果，但是结构强度下降明显，综合来看，实施例1-3面料性能高于对比例1-6。

Claims (5)

1.一种铜氨纤维面料，其特征在于，选用的经纬线材料按质量份数计为：铜氨纤维55-60份、聚酯纤维40-90份、细旦丙纶纤维20-25份、锦纶8-15份、莫代尔纤维30-35份、大豆蛋白纤维3-5份；所述铜氨纤维由质量比为1:8:2的咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维制作而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铜氨纤维面料，其特征在于，制备方法如下：
(1)制备剑麻纤维：
将剑麻置于清水中冲洗20-30min，沥干水分后在60-70℃下烘干至水分含量为15-20％，再辗压30-60min；将剑麻与果胶酶溶液按照质量比1:15混合，浸泡20-30min，用微波加热至温度40-45℃，保温15-20min；待温度自然冷却至室温后，再用微波加热至35-40℃，保温30-40min，再将温度加热至50-55℃，趁热过滤，得到固体A；将固体A与盐溶液按照质量比1:22混合，在1.5-2个标准大气压下煮沸，保持沸腾时间15-22min，保温30-50min，将混合物离心得到固体B；将固体B与去离子水按照质量比1:18混合，在35-40℃下以80-99r/min的速率搅拌30-50min，过滤烘干即可；
(2)制备铜氨纤维：
将咖啡碳纤维、剑麻纤维、芦荟纤维浸泡到氢氧化铜氨溶液中，总纤维量和铜氨溶液的质量比为1:8；加热到35-40℃，搅拌15-20min，再加入混合物总量13-15％的氢氧化钠溶液；继续搅拌20-30min，将温度升至41-43℃，在溶液中加入环氧氯丙烷，保温反应30-50min，再将气压降低至0.3-0.5个标准大气压，保温15-25min；将混合物过滤，经清水洗涤后沥干水分，再用50-60％乙醇溶液浸泡15-30min，清洗出去乙醇得到铜氨纤维；
(3)面料电离活化：
将铜氨纤维、聚酯纤维、细旦丙纶纤维、锦纶、莫代尔纤维、大豆蛋白纤维分别清洗后，经清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱及织布制作成混纺面料；将面料在0.3-0.5个标准大气压、湿度88-95％下加热到80-90℃，保温30-50min；将面料温度降至常温，60-70℃烘干，置于密封真空容器中；在10-15℃下，通入氨气，等离子体放电频率为13-15MHz，持续15-20min对面料电离处理；往容器中注入整理剂雾化液，注入量为面料质量的15-25％，将容器温度升高至35-40℃，保温40-50min；将面料取出，按照质量比1:8将面料与整理剂混合在25-35℃下浸泡3-5h；整理剂各组分按重量份数计为N-十二烷基葡萄糖月桂酰胺5份、钛环氧树脂聚合物纳米粉15份、乙醇70份、去离子水100份、硬脂酸单甘油酯5份、纳米二氧化硅8份、纳米二氧化钛3份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的铜氨纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述果胶酶溶液由质量比为1:120的果胶酶和超纯水混合，调节ph为3.2-4.5；所述盐溶液由质量比为1:3:97的亚硫酸钠、氢氧化钠、水混合而成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的铜氨纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述氢氧化钠溶液浓度为30％；所述环氧氯丙烷的用量为纤维总质量的17-20％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的铜氨纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，所述氨气通入速度为以30-50ml/s。
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