CN111759895A - 一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及医药技术领域,特别提供了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊488‑732份、绣线菊624‑936份、大蓟根624‑936份、漆姑草416‑624份、路路通624‑936份、鹅不食草624‑936份、鱼腥草单体32‑58份,所述鱼腥草单体为α‑蒎烯、癸酰乙醛、槲皮素、海藻酸钠;本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂,其利用度高,疗效显著,能够提高病人的顺应性;本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂,成本低,工艺简单,无须醇沉,无毒副作用,安全可靠。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,特别提供了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物。
背景技术
鼻炎是病毒、细菌、变应原、各种理化因子以及某些全身性疾病引起的鼻腔黏膜的非特异性炎症。鼻炎的主要病理改变是鼻腔黏膜充血、肿胀、渗出、增生、萎缩或坏死等,其病因有如下:1、病毒感染或在病毒感染的基础上继发细菌感染;已知有100多种病毒可引起本病,最常见的是鼻病毒,其次是流感和副流感病毒、腺病毒、冠状病毒、柯萨奇病毒及黏液和副黏液病毒等。病毒传播方式主要是经过呼吸道吸入,其次是通过被污染体或食物进入机体。2、鼻黏膜易感性,产生源于抗原物质的经常刺激,但其易感程度则视鼻黏膜组织中肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞的数量和释放化学介质的能力。3、抗原物质;刺激机体产生IgE抗体的抗原物质为变应原,该变应原物质再次进入鼻粘膜,便于相应的IgE结合而引起变态反应。4、遗传因素。
目前,随着我国人民生活水平的提高,饮食结构的改变,风热型鼻炎的发病率在青少年学生、上班族中比例上升,时常出现的头痛、鼻塞、嗅觉减退或消失,流黄浊涕等症状已严重影响了学习、工作及生活。风热型鼻炎是由于外感风热,肺失肃降或因情志不畅,肝气郁结,胆失疏泄,郁而化火;或素嗜酒肉肥甘之物,湿热内生,邪毒循经上犯,结滞鼻窍所致。研究发现具有清热解毒,疏风消肿,利咽通窍功效的中药或其组合物可用于风热所致的急慢性鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎,其中,专利申请号CN200510003191.8公开了治疗鼻炎的胶囊剂及其制备方法,胶囊剂由羊耳菊、鱼腥草、绣线菊、大蓟根、路路通、漆姑草、鹅不食草与环糊精、油性液体物质及适当辅料制备成胶囊剂;本发明具有清热解毒、疏风消肿、利咽通窍的功效,用于风热所致的急慢性鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎;该方案采用环糊精包合技术,将提取的挥发油包合在环糊精分子内,并在提取的活性物质中加入油性液体物质,使得该药品有疗效好、崩解时间短、溶出和吸收快,生物利用度高且不易吸潮变质,质量稳定等优点。
专利申请号CN02128155.6公开了鼻康片药,由羊耳菊、鱼腥草、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草七味中草药制成,由于采用的是常见的中草药为原料,具有制作成本较低,无毒副作用,使用安全可靠、疗效确切的优点,该产品具有清热解毒、疏风消肿、利咽通窍的功效,它可用于风热所致的急慢性鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎等症。
虽然目前,将羊耳菊、鱼腥草、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草进行组合用药,能够用于治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎,但是其安全性、疗效仍值得进一步优化。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提出了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物。
具体是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊488-732份、绣线菊624-936份、大蓟根624-936份、漆姑草416-624份、路路通624-936份、鹅不食草624-936份、鱼腥草单体32-58份。
所述鱼腥草单体为α-蒎烯、癸酰乙醛、槲皮素、海藻酸钠。
进一步地,所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12-18%、癸酰乙醛7-15%、海藻酸钠0.8-2.4%,余量为槲皮素。
本发明的第二目的在于提供前述药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)取羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草分别炮制后备用;
2)取鱼腥草单体中各组分置于水中,配制成浓度20%的悬浮液,于35-40℃条件下搅拌10-15min,备用;
3)取鹅不食草、路路通、羊耳菊置于提取罐中,加入药材量2.5-3倍的水浸润20-30min,然后加热至80℃,开启直通蒸汽进行水蒸气蒸馏,蒸汽压力控制在0.03MPa,提取分离挥发油,提取分离时间为4h,蒸馏后的水溶液另器收集;
4)向提取罐中加入大蓟根、漆姑草、绣线菊煎煮两次,2-4h,用200目筛过滤,合并二次煎煮液,加入步骤3)中蒸馏后的水溶液和步骤2)的悬浮液混合均匀后,再加入玉米淀粉使得体系中玉米淀粉质量浓度为0.1-0.2%,混合均匀即得。
所述炮制是先置于70-80℃条件下远红外干燥10-20s,再置于70-80℃的热风循环烘箱中脱除水分至≤15%。
本发明的第三目的在于提供治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,由前述药物组合物与辅料制成。
所述药物制剂为片剂、软胶囊剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂。
所述糖浆剂,其制备方法为:
1)取药物组合物于60℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05-1.15的清膏;
2)另取蔗糖、维生素C、水加入配浆罐中,煮沸使溶解后,加入焦糖色素煮沸,放冷,制得糖浆;
3)将清膏、糖浆混匀,使得制剂中蔗糖含量为20-30g/mL,清膏含量为3-8g/mL,静置48h,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。
所述维生素C,其用量为蔗糖质量0.1-0.5%。
所述糖浆剂,其使用方法为:口服,一日2次,一次2-5mL。
本技术方案中根据公司已有产品鼻康片用药关系的基础上,将鱼腥草、路路通、鹅不食草、羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草进行君药、臣药、使药、佐药的区分,同时对各味药中活性成分进行分析,最后发现:鱼腥草中抗炎成分进行研究,发现鱼腥草中α-蒎烯、癸酰乙醛、槲皮素添加入配方中,能够极大提高药物组合物的安全性和药效,并大大减少了其用量;同时考虑到癸酰乙醛性质不稳定,受热易被氧化成癸酰乙酸,然后脱羧生成甲基正壬酮,故为了确保癸酰乙醛的稳定性,意外发现海藻酸钠对癸酰乙醛起到了较好的保护作用。
在本技术方案中采用远红外干燥与热风循环烘干的组合形式,实现了快速脱水,节约了能耗,由于缩短了热风循环烘干的时间,因此避免了热空气对结构造成的影响以及热空气中携带的杂菌影响,提高了原料的安全性和有效性。
在本技术方案中,加入玉米淀粉不仅增加了稳定性,还有效防止了挥发性活性成分的流失,同时起到了缓释效果,这样能够减少服药次数,延长有效成分的维持时间,更重要的能够提高顺应性。
在本技术方案中将药物组合物与蔗糖浆联合制成糖浆剂,其中蔗糖具有矫味作用,有补益作用,蔗糖使药液渗透压增大,微生物的生长繁殖受到抑制,达到了防腐作用的,但是由于蔗糖浆粘稠、味厚,会引起“助湿”、“生热”等副作用,本方面在糖浆制备过程中严格控制控制蔗糖含量以及利用维生素C水溶物呈酸性,降低了糖浆的粘稠度,有效防止了“生热”等现象,同时,有助于提高有效成分的吸收能力。
有益效果:
本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂具有清热解毒,疏风消肿,利咽通窍,主要用于治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎,其具有较好的稳定性,有效避免了挥发性有效成分的流失。
本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂,其利用度高,疗效显著,能够提高病人的顺应性。
本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂,成本低,工艺简单,无须醇沉,无毒副作用,安全可靠。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施方式,任何在本实施例基本精神上的改进或代替,仍属于本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围。
实施例1
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊488g、绣线菊624g、大蓟根624g、漆姑草416g、路路通624g、鹅不食草624g、鱼腥草单体32g;
所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12%、癸酰乙醛7%、海藻酸钠0.8%,余量为槲皮素。
实施例2
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊732g、绣线菊936g、大蓟根936g、漆姑草624g、路路通936g、鹅不食草936g、鱼腥草单体58g;
所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯18%、癸酰乙醛15%、海藻酸钠2.4%,余量为槲皮素。
实施例3
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊501g、绣线菊731g、大蓟根731g、漆姑草501g、路路通731g、鹅不食草731g、鱼腥草单体44g;
所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯15%、癸酰乙醛11%、海藻酸钠1.6%,余量为槲皮素。
实施例4
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊500g、绣线菊878g、大蓟根878g、漆姑草421g、路路通878g、鹅不食草878g、鱼腥草单体55g;
所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12%、癸酰乙醛15%、海藻酸钠0.8%,余量为槲皮素。
实施例5
一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊705g、绣线菊816g、大蓟根816g、漆姑草600g、路路通816g、鹅不食草816g、鱼腥草单体35g;
所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯15%、癸酰乙醛10%、海藻酸钠1%,余量为槲皮素。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步
1)取羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草分别炮制后备用;
2)取鱼腥草单体中各组分置于水中,配制成浓度20%的悬浮液,于35℃条件下搅拌10min,备用;
3)取鹅不食草、路路通、羊耳菊置于提取罐中,加入药材量2.5倍的水浸润20min,然后加热至80℃,开启直通蒸汽进行水蒸气蒸馏,蒸汽压力控制在0.03MPa,提取分离挥发油,提取分离时间为4h,蒸馏后的水溶液另器收集;
4)向提取罐中加入大蓟根、漆姑草、绣线菊煎煮两次,2h,用200目筛过滤,合并二次煎煮液,加入步骤3)中蒸馏后的水溶液和步骤2)的悬浮液混合均匀后,再加入玉米淀粉使得体系中玉米淀粉质量浓度为0.1%,混合均匀即得。
所述炮制是先置于70℃条件下远红外干燥10s,再置于70℃的热风循环烘箱中脱除水分至≤15%。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步
1)取羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草分别炮制后备用;
2)取鱼腥草单体中各组分置于水中,配制成浓度20%的悬浮液,于40℃条件下搅拌15min,备用;
3)取鹅不食草、路路通、羊耳菊置于提取罐中,加入药材量3倍的水浸润30min,然后加热至80℃,开启直通蒸汽进行水蒸气蒸馏,蒸汽压力控制在0.03MPa,提取分离挥发油,提取分离时间为4h,蒸馏后的水溶液另器收集;
4)向提取罐中加入大蓟根、漆姑草、绣线菊煎煮两次,4h,用200目筛过滤,合并二次煎煮液,加入步骤3)中蒸馏后的水溶液和步骤2)的悬浮液混合均匀后,再加入玉米淀粉使得体系中玉米淀粉质量浓度为0.2%,混合均匀即得。
所述炮制是先置于80℃条件下远红外干燥0s,再置于70-80℃的热风循环烘箱中脱除水分至≤15%。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步
1)取羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草分别炮制后备用;
2)取鱼腥草单体中各组分置于水中,配制成浓度20%的悬浮液,于37℃条件下搅拌12min,备用;
3)取鹅不食草、路路通、羊耳菊置于提取罐中,加入药材量2.7倍的水浸润25min,然后加热至80℃,开启直通蒸汽进行水蒸气蒸馏,蒸汽压力控制在0.03MPa,提取分离挥发油,提取分离时间为4h,蒸馏后的水溶液另器收集;
4)向提取罐中加入大蓟根、漆姑草、绣线菊煎煮两次,3h,用200目筛过滤,合并二次煎煮液,加入步骤3)中蒸馏后的水溶液和步骤2)的悬浮液混合均匀后,再加入玉米淀粉使得体系中玉米淀粉质量浓度为0.15%,混合均匀即得。
所述炮制是先置于75℃条件下远红外干燥15s,再置于75℃的热风循环烘箱中脱除水分至≤15%。
实施例9
本实施提供了糖浆剂的制备方法为:
1)取药物组合物于60℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05的清膏;
2)另取蔗糖、维生素C、水加入配浆罐中,煮沸使溶解后,加入焦糖色素煮沸,放冷,制得糖浆;
3)将清膏、糖浆混匀,使得制剂中蔗糖含量为20g/mL,清膏含量为3g/mL,静置48h,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得;
所述维生素C,其用量为蔗糖质量0.1%。
实施例10
本实施提供了糖浆剂的制备方法为:
1)取药物组合物于60℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.15的清膏;
2)另取蔗糖、维生素C、水加入配浆罐中,煮沸使溶解后,加入焦糖色素煮沸,放冷,制得糖浆;
3)将清膏、糖浆混匀,使得制剂中蔗糖含量为30g/mL,清膏含量为8g/mL,静置48h,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得;
所述维生素C,其用量为蔗糖质量0.5%。
实施例11
本实施提供了糖浆剂的制备方法为:
1)取药物组合物于60℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.10的清膏;
2)另取蔗糖、维生素C、水加入配浆罐中,煮沸使溶解后,加入焦糖色素煮沸,放冷,制得糖浆;
3)将清膏、糖浆混匀,使得制剂中蔗糖含量为25g/mL,清膏含量为5g/mL,静置48h,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得;
所述维生素C,其用量为蔗糖质量0.3%。
药物性能评价实验
下面,对上述实施例制备的药物组合物或制剂,进行抗炎、药效学方面的作用实验以及急性毒性、稳定性的评价实验;
实验例1抗炎实验
1.1试验动物
SD种大鼠,体重150-200g,SPF级;昆明小鼠,体重18-20g;
试验组:按照实施例1的配方、实施例6的方法制备的提取物;
对比组1:与试验组的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:癸酰乙醛7%、海藻酸钠0.8%,余量为槲皮素;
对比组2:与试验组的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12%、海藻酸钠0.8%,余量为槲皮素;
对比组3:与试验组的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12%、癸酰乙醛7%、余量为槲皮素;
对比组4:与试验组的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体为槲皮素;
对比组5:与试验组的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体为癸酰乙醛;
1.2试验方法
1.2.1大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型:取体重150~160g的雄性大鼠50只,在乙醚浅麻醉下作腹部切口,将30mg灭菌的棉球植入大鼠两侧腹股沟皮下,术后随机分为5组,每组10只,手术当天本品以10,1,0.1mg/kg剂量开始灌胃给药,连续7d,以阿司匹林为阳性对照药。第8天处死动物,剥离并取出肉芽组织,于(60~90)℃烘箱内干燥1h后称重,减去原棉球重量,即为肉芽肿净重。计算抑制率。
1.2.2二甲苯小鼠耳肿胀模型取体重为25~30g雄性小鼠,随机分为5组,每组10只,以本品10,1,0.1mg/kg连续灌胃给药3d,阳性药为阿司匹林,末次给药后将二甲苯0.1mL滴于小鼠左耳的前后两面,右耳为对照,0.5h后处死小鼠,沿耳廓基线剪下两耳,用8mm直径的打孔器分别在同一部位打下耳片,组织天平称重,以两耳片重之差为肿胀度,计算其抑制率,比较组间差异;
1.2.3变应性鼻炎大鼠模型取大鼠适应性饲养1周后,背部皮内注射卵蛋白福氏佐剂乳剂(卵蛋白10mg/mL与高压灭菌后的福氏佐剂以1∶1充分乳化制成)1mL/只,进行主动致敏。致敏后随机分为6组,即正常对照组(背部注射生理盐水)、模型对照组、阳性药对照组(给予鼻炎康片)和试验组,每组10只,每5只1笼饲养。各组大鼠分别于致敏后第5天,按照表3剂量连续灌胃给药6d,给药体积均为5mL/kg。致敏后第11d,大鼠背部皮内注射1%卵蛋白生理盐水液0.1mL/只,进行即时性皮内试验,选择皮丘发红范围超过10mm的动物(提示动物均已致敏),用1%卵蛋白生理盐水液0.1mL/只,滴入(攻击)动物双侧鼻腔。0.5h后股动脉取血,离心,取血清测定免疫学指标;剥取鼻部,暴露鼻中隔及双侧鼻腔,常规制片,HE染色,光镜观察鼻黏膜的病理组织学变化结果用分级计分表示。计分标准:-正常结构,鼻中隔柱状上皮无增厚,间质疏松无炎细胞浸润。+:鼻中隔柱状上皮轻度增厚,间质疏松有少量炎细胞浸润。++:鼻中隔柱状上皮增厚,间质疏松有炎细胞浸润,有少量的嗜酸性细胞和肥大细胞。+++:鼻中隔柱状上皮增厚较明显,间质疏松有较多炎细胞浸润,有大量的嗜酸性细胞和肥大细胞。
1.3试验结果
1.3.1对大鼠棉球肉芽肿的影响如表1:
表1
1.3.2对小鼠耳肿胀的影响如表2所示:
表2
1.3.3对变应性鼻炎大鼠模型的影响
1)行为学改变:除空白对照组外,其余各组第1次鼻腔攻击后都出现变应性鼻炎症状(频繁抓鼻、连续喷嚏、大量鼻涕等)。随着给药时间延长,给药组与模型组相比变应性鼻炎症状明显减轻,仅有轻微抓鼻动作,偶见喷嚏,几乎无鼻涕。
2)血清免疫学指标变化如表3所示:
表3
3)鼻黏膜病理组织学的变化如表4所示;
表4
实验例2毒性试验研究
1.1试验材料
药物1-5:分别在实施例1-5的配方基础上,按照实施例7的方法制备提取物和实施例11的方法制成糖浆剂;
动物:昆明小鼠140只,体重20±2g,雌雄兼用。
4.2急性毒性试验:
每组取健康小鼠20只,雌雄各半。试验前将动物禁食16小时,不限制饮水,然后各组小鼠分别灌胃给予药物0.5ml/10g和等量生理盐水溶液;观察7天,正常饮食,饮水,观察小鼠的一般情况(体重变化、饮食、皮毛、行为、分泌物、排泄物等)及中毒、死亡情况;
结论:急性毒性试验表明,药物各组给药后动物活动正常,观察期内无一死亡,各组饮食及活动正常,皮毛光滑,口、鼻、眼等未见异常分泌物;由此可知,采用本发明所述单体的各组分均无毒性。
实验例3对离体气管的影响
取400-500g的豚鼠作为试验动物,立即腹面正中切开颈部皮肤及皮下组织,剪下全部气管放入盛有克一亨氏营养液的培养皿中,剪除结缔脂肪组织,将气管纵行切开,现时在3-4软骨环间隔横切,将气管片连成一串,用DC-001型离体器官测定仪记录,浴槽25ml,记录仪中间零位拉力2.5g,充100%的氧,待气管平稳后,描记一段正常拉力曲线。依次加入下述药物;1)加0.2%组氨酸(His)0.1mL,再加入试验药物0.1ml;2)加0.1乙酰胆碱(Ach)0.1ml,再加入试验药物,加入一种药物后,待其拉力曲线趋于平衡后,再加入下一种药物,结果如表5所示;
试验药物1:按照实施例2的配方、实施例7的方法制备的提取物,实施例11的方法制成糖浆剂;
对比组1:与试验药物的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:癸酰乙醛15%、海藻酸钠2.4%,余量为槲皮素;
对比组2:与试验药物的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯18%、海藻酸钠2.4%,余量为槲皮素;
对比组3:与试验药物的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯18%、癸酰乙醛15%、余量为槲皮素;
对比组4:与试验药物不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体为槲皮素;
对比组5:与试验药物的不同之处在于:所述鱼腥草单体为癸酰乙醛;
对照组:鼻康片;
表5
实验例4体外抗菌研究
在实施例1-5的配方基础上,按照实施例X的方法制备提取物;设置对照组如下:
对照组1:配方与实施例1的不同在于,鱼腥草单体用量为30g;
对照组2:配方与实施例2的不同在于,鱼腥草单体用量为60g;
采用二倍法稀释药物组合物(浓度25ml/L),平皿打孔法测药物抑菌圈(孔径为5mm),结果如下:
实验例5药效验证
1.1一般资料
选取变应性鼻炎患者为研究对象,纳入和排除标准:(1)符合变应性鼻炎相关诊断条件,确诊为变应性鼻炎;(2)主要症状为打喷嚏、痒、鼻塞、鼻甲肿胀等;(3)近期未接受抗炎、抗组胺等相关治疗;(4)自愿加入,知情同意治,资料完整;(5)排除合并化脓性鼻炎、鼻息肉、哮喘、肝肾疾病等其他疾病者;(6)排除有药物禁忌、处于哺乳期、依从性不佳,资料缺少等不适宜条件者。入选患者根据治疗方法分组,每组情况如下:女性30例,男性45例,年龄19-65岁,平均37岁,病程1.0~11.0年,平均5年;
1.2治疗方法
在确诊并明确过敏原后,均采取远离过敏原、加强休息、提高免疫力等常规干预,连续用药14天,用药期间未使用其他治疗干预;
常规组:使用鼻康片(一日3次,一次4片),
试验组:按照实施例3配方、实施例8和实施例10的方法制备的糖浆剂;用法用量:一日两次,一次4mL;
对照组1:与试验组的区别在于在药物组合物制备过程中未采用远红外烘干技术;
对照组2:与试验组的区别在于在药物组合物制备过程中未采用玉米淀粉;
对照组3:与试验组的区别在于在药物组合物制备过程中未采用维生素C;
1.3疗效评价
根据《中医病症诊断疗效标准》、《变应性鼻炎诊断和治疗指南》根据患者主要症状(鼻塞、鼻涕、喷嚏、鼻痒)积分变化对临床疗效进行评价,单个症状积分0~3分,积分越高,症状越重;疗效评价等级包括痊愈、有效、无效(1)痊愈:主要症状完全消失,停药观察6个月,无复发;(2)有效:主要症状改善明显,停药观察6个月,复发偶尔出现;(3)无效:主要症状无改善或加重;
1.4结果
组别 | 例数 | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 |
常规组 | 75 | 26 | 42 | 7 |
试验组 | 75 | 30 | 41 | 4 |
对照组1 | 75 | 19 | 48 | 8 |
对照组2 | 75 | 21 | 45 | 9 |
对照组3 | 75 | 15 | 51 | 9 |
同时,本发明人对患者进行用药前后血清相关因子测定,主要包括白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)和免疫球蛋白E(IgE)含量,IL-6、IL-10、IgE均用酶联免疫吸附测定测定,同时在用药前后应用流式细胞仪对患者Th1、Th2水平进行测定;结果显示:用药前,患者血清IL-4、IL-6、IgE异常升高,而IL-10异常下降,用药后,血清IL-4、IL-6、IgE明显降低,IL-10、Th1/Th2水平在用药后得以显著升高,且用药后Th1/Th2水平处于动态平衡状态,研究过程中还发现:试验组的有益性变化优于常规组,而对照组3中Th1/Th2水平虽然有所升高,但仍处于偏移状态。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,其特征在于,包括如下重量份组分:羊耳菊488-732份、绣线菊624-936份、大蓟根624-936份、漆姑草416-624份、路路通624-936份、鹅不食草624-936份、鱼腥草单体32-58份。
2.如权利要求1所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述鱼腥草单体为α-蒎烯、癸酰乙醛、槲皮素、海藻酸钠。
3.如权利要求1所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述鱼腥草单体,其配方按质量百分比计为:α-蒎烯12-18%、癸酰乙醛7-15%、海藻酸钠0.8-2.4%,余量为槲皮素。
4.如权利要求1所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)取羊耳菊、绣线菊、大蓟根、漆姑草、路路通、鹅不食草分别炮制后备用;
2)取鱼腥草单体中各组分置于水中,配制成浓度20%的悬浮液,于35-40℃条件下搅拌10-15min,备用;
3)取鹅不食草、路路通、羊耳菊置于提取罐中,加入药材量2.5-3倍的水浸润20-30min,然后加热至80℃,开启直通蒸汽进行水蒸气蒸馏,蒸汽压力控制在0.03MPa,提取分离挥发油,提取分离时间为4h,蒸馏后的水溶液另器收集;
4)向提取罐中加入大蓟根、漆姑草、绣线菊煎煮两次,2-4h,用200目筛过滤,合并二次煎煮液,加入步骤3)中蒸馏后的水溶液和步骤2)的悬浮液混合均匀后,再加入玉米淀粉使得体系中玉米淀粉质量浓度为0.1-0.2%,混合均匀即得。
5.如权利要求4所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述炮制是先置于70-80℃条件下远红外干燥10-20s,再置于70-80℃的热风循环烘箱中脱除水分至≤15%。
6.一种治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,由权利要求1-5任一项所述药物组合物与辅料制成。
7.如权利要求6所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述药物制剂为片剂、软胶囊剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂。
8.如权利要求7所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述糖浆剂,其制备方法为:
1)取药物组合物于60℃条件下减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05-1.15的清膏;
2)另取蔗糖、维生素C、水加入配浆罐中,煮沸使溶解后,加入焦糖色素煮沸,放冷,制得糖浆;
3)将清膏、糖浆混匀,使得制剂中蔗糖含量为20-30g/mL,清膏含量为3-8g/mL,静置48h,滤过,灌装,灭菌,即得。
9.如权利要求8所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述维生素C,其用量为蔗糖质量0.1-0.5%。
10.如权利要求7-9任一项所述治疗风热所致鼻炎、鼻窦炎及咽喉炎的药物制剂,其特征在于,所述糖浆剂,其使用方法为:口服,一日2次,一次2-5mL。
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