CN111755163B - 一种耐高温1000℃电线及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐高温1000℃电线，包括多组导体，还包括包带层和编织屏蔽层，导体外包覆有绝缘层组成绝缘线芯，三根绝缘线芯相组合并包覆编织屏蔽层，编织屏蔽层从内至外依次包覆有弹性隔热层和松套管组成主线芯，多根主线芯之间设置有加强芯，多根主线芯均设置在包带层内，包带层从内至外依次包覆有编织耐热层、内护套、编织铠装层和外护套，包带层内填充有隔热阻燃颗粒；通过在导体外设置陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层，可有效提高导体绝缘层的耐火性能，相较于传动的氧化矿物绝缘层，具有极佳的防火、阻燃、低烟、无毒等特性，通过在包带层内填充隔热阻燃颗粒，可起到良好的隔热阻燃效果，同时可有效提高电缆的结构稳定性和称重性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电缆技术领域，具体为一种耐高温1000℃电线及制备方法。
背景技术
航空航天设备随着装备性能的提高要求，对特殊设备有体积小、重量轻等要求。作为航天器用电气设备、仪器仪表连接线，要求体积小、适应各类恶劣环境、载流量大和承担过载能力强，并要求电缆具有良好的机械物理性能、电气性能和敷设方便，电缆应具有耐高温、耐火、环保、阻燃、柔软等特性，安全保障要求
而现有在钢铁、冶金、热电、化工、航空、航天等领域的接近1000℃超高温的场合使用的电线由于结构等方面的原因，耐热性能不高，难以承受长时间处于高温环境中，在使用中容易损坏，影响使用的安全性、可靠性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐高温1000℃电线及制备方法，解决上述技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种耐高温1000℃电线，包括多组导体，还包括包带层和编织屏蔽层，所述导体外包覆有绝缘层组成绝缘线芯，三根绝缘线芯相组合并包覆编织屏蔽层，所述编织屏蔽层从内至外依次包覆有弹性隔热层和松套管组成主线芯，多根所述主线芯之间设置有加强芯，多根所述主线芯均设置在包带层内，所述包带层从内至外依次包覆有编织耐热层、内护套、编织铠装层和外护套，所述包带层内填充有隔热阻燃颗粒。
优选的，多根所述主线芯外还设有多根分线芯，所述分线芯内部设有镀镍铜丝导线，所述镀镍铜丝导线外依次包覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层、无卤素热塑性弹性体和硅橡胶玻璃纤维套管。
优选的，在所述绝缘线芯内：所述导体为多股镀镍铜丝绞合而成；所述绝缘层为陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层。
优选的，在所述主线芯内：所述编织屏蔽层为多根镀银铜丝编织而成；所述弹性隔热层为无卤素热塑性弹性体挤包而成；所述松套管以高膨松性玻璃纤维所制成，并包覆有氧化铁红硅胶。
优选的，所述包带层为绕包在多根主线芯外部的云母包带；所述编织耐热层为无碱玻璃限位丝编织层。
优选的，所述编织铠装为铝镁合金丝编织层，所述铝镁合金丝编织层内填充有无卤素热塑性弹性体，所述外护套为多层玻璃纤维编织层，所述内护套为多层碳纤维编织层。
优选的，所述加强芯的内部采用芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝，所述芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝的外部包覆有缓冲层，所述缓冲层与多组主线芯的外部相配合，所述缓冲层为无卤素热塑性弹性体材质。
优选的，所述隔热阻燃颗粒为三氧化二锑颗粒。
优选的，一种耐高温1000℃电线的制备方法，包括以下具体实施步骤：
步骤一，将多根镀镍铜丝绞合制成导体；
步骤二，在导体的外周挤包一层陶瓷化硅橡胶形成绝缘层，绝缘层与导体形成绝缘线芯；
步骤三，将多根绝缘线芯相绞合，形成封装体并包覆镀银铜丝编织层形成编织屏蔽层；在编织屏蔽层外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层；在弹性隔热层外套设高膨松性玻璃纤维管，并包覆氧化铁红硅胶形成松套管；封装体与编织屏蔽层、弹性隔热层和松套管形成主线芯；
步骤四，在芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝外部挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成加强芯，将多个主线芯与加强芯组合，后加设分线芯，并在主线芯和分线芯的外部绕包云母包带形成包带层；
步骤五，在包带层内的间隙填充三氧化二锑隔热阻燃颗粒；
步骤六，在包带层外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层；在弹性隔热层外包覆多层碳纤维编织层形成内护套；在内护套外包覆铝镁合金丝编织层，并在铝镁合金丝编织层内填充无卤素热塑性弹性体形成编织铠装层；在编织铠装层的外部包覆多层玻璃纤维编织层形成外护套。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1)该耐高温1000℃电线，通过采用多根镀镍软铜单丝绞合成的导体，可有效地防止铜导体对绝缘层的老化催化作用，以保证绝缘层的使用寿命。
2)该耐高温1000℃电线，在多根主线芯之间设置包覆无卤素热塑性弹性体芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝的加强芯，位于多根主线芯的中心空隙，增加了电缆的结构稳定性、承拉性能和耐火性能，芳纶阻燃纤维可减少线芯在工作的承重拉力和震动，保证了线芯的稳定工作。
3)该耐高温1000℃电线，通过在导体外设置陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层，可有效提高导体绝缘层的耐火性能，相较于传动的氧化矿物绝缘层，具有极佳的防火、阻燃、低烟、无毒等特性，挤出成型工艺简单，其燃烧后残余物为坚硬的陶瓷化壳体，硬壳在火灾环境中不熔且不滴落，适用于任何需要防火的场所，在保证火灾情况下电力传输通畅中起到了坚固的保护作用。
4)该耐高温1000℃电线，通过在包带层内填充隔热阻燃颗粒，可起到良好的隔热阻燃效果，同时可有效提高电缆的结构稳定性和称重性能。
5)该耐高温1000℃电线，通过设置铝镁合金丝编织层作为电缆的编织铠装层，具有较好的结构稳定性，保证产品有良好的抗机械损伤能力和稳定的结构，同时通过在铝镁合金丝编织层内填充无卤素热塑性弹性体，可与编织屏蔽层协同配合组成完善的屏蔽系统。
6)耐高温1000℃电线，通过设置多层碳纤维编织层组成的内护套和多层玻璃纤维编织层组成的外护套，具有良好的耐腐蚀性和柔韧性，且电器性能极佳，可满足工作温差大、接触物质腐蚀性强和防火要求极高的性能需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的主线芯的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的铠装层及内、外护套的结构示意图；
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1导体、2包带层、3编织屏蔽层、4绝缘层、5弹性隔热层、6松套管、7加强芯、8编织耐热层、9内护套、10编织铠装层、11外护套、12隔热阻燃颗粒、13分线芯、14缓冲层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
请参阅图1～3，本发明提供以下种技术方案：
实施例一
一种耐高温1000℃电线，包括多组导体1，还包括包带层2和编织屏蔽层3，导体1外包覆有绝缘层4组成绝缘线芯，三根绝缘线芯相组合并包覆编织屏蔽层3，编织屏蔽层3从内至外依次包覆有弹性隔热层5和松套管6组成主线芯，多根主线芯之间设置有加强芯7，多根主线芯均设置在包带层2内，包带层2从内至外依次包覆有编织耐热层8、内护套9、编织铠装层10和外护套11，包带层2内填充有隔热阻燃颗粒12。
其中，多根主线芯外还设有多根分线芯13，分线芯13内部设有镀镍铜丝导线，镀镍铜丝导线外依次包覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层、无卤素热塑性弹性体和硅橡胶玻璃纤维套管。
其中，在绝缘线芯内：导体1为多股镀镍铜丝绞合而成；绝缘层4为陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层。
其中，在主线芯内：编织屏蔽层3为多根镀银铜丝编织而成；弹性隔热层5为无卤素热塑性弹性体挤包而成；松套管6以高膨松性玻璃纤维所制成，并包覆有氧化铁红硅胶。
其中，包带层2为绕包在多根主线芯外部的云母包带；编织耐热层8为无碱玻璃限位丝编织层。
其中，编织铠装10为铝镁合金丝编织层，铝镁合金丝编织层内填充有无卤素热塑性弹性体，外护套11为多层玻璃纤维编织层，内护套9为多层碳纤维编织层。
其中，加强芯7的内部采用芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝，芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝的外部包覆有缓冲层14，缓冲层14与多组主线芯的外部相配合，缓冲层14为无卤素热塑性弹性体材质。
其中，隔热阻燃颗粒12为三氧化二锑颗粒。
实施例二
一种耐高温1000℃电线的制备方法，包括以下具体实施步骤：
步骤一，将多根镀镍铜丝绞合制成导体1；
步骤二，在导体1的外周挤包一层陶瓷化硅橡胶形成绝缘层4，绝缘层2与导体1形成绝缘线芯；
步骤三，将多根绝缘线芯相绞合，形成封装体并包覆镀银铜丝编织层形成编织屏蔽层3；在编织屏蔽层3外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层5；在弹性隔热层5外套设高膨松性玻璃纤维管，并包覆氧化铁红硅胶形成松套管6；封装体与编织屏蔽层3、弹性隔热层5和松套管6形成主线芯；
步骤四，在芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝外部挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成加强芯7，将多个主线芯与加强芯组合，后加设分线芯13，并在主线芯和分线芯13的外部绕包云母包带形成包带层2；
步骤五，在包带层2内的间隙填充三氧化二锑隔热阻燃颗粒；
步骤六，在包带层2外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层5；在弹性隔热层5外包覆多层碳纤维编织层形成内护套9；在内护套9外包覆铝镁合金丝编织层，并在铝镁合金丝编织层内填充无卤素热塑性弹性体形成编织铠装层10；在编织铠装层10的外部包覆多层玻璃纤维编织层形成外护套11。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐高温1000℃电线，包括多组导体（1），其特征在于，还包括包带层（2）和编织屏蔽层（3），所述导体（1）外包覆有绝缘层（4）组成绝缘线芯，三根绝缘线芯相组合并包覆编织屏蔽层（3），所述编织屏蔽层（3）从内至外依次包覆有弹性隔热层（5）和松套管（6）组成主线芯，多根所述主线芯之间设置有加强芯（7），多根所述主线芯均设置在包带层（2）内，所述包带层（2）从内至外依次包覆有编织耐热层（8）、内护套（9）、编织铠装层（10）和外护套（11），所述包带层（2）内填充有隔热阻燃颗粒（12）；
在所述主线芯内：所述编织屏蔽层（3）为多根镀银铜丝编织而成；所述弹性隔热层（5）为无卤素热塑性弹性体挤包而成；所述松套管（6）以高膨松性玻璃纤维所制成，并包覆有氧化铁红硅胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线，其特征在于，多根所述主线芯外还设有多根分线芯（13），所述分线芯（13）内部设有镀镍铜丝导线，所述镀镍铜丝导线外依次包覆有陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层、无卤素热塑性弹性体和硅橡胶玻璃纤维套管。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线，其特征在于，在所述绝缘线芯内：所述导体（1）为多股镀镍铜丝绞合而成；所述绝缘层（4）为陶瓷化硅橡胶绝缘层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线，其特征在于，所述包带层（2）为绕包在多根主线芯外部的云母包带；所述编织耐热层（8）为无碱玻璃纤维丝编织层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线，其特征在于，所述编织铠装层 （10）为铝镁合金丝编织层，所述铝镁合金丝编织层内填充有无卤素热塑性弹性体，所述外护套（11）为多层玻璃纤维编织层，所述内护套（9）为多层碳纤维编织层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线，其特征在于，所述加强芯（7）的内部采用芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝，所述芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝的外部包覆有缓冲层（14），所述缓冲层（14）与多组主线芯的外部相配合，所述缓冲层（14）为无卤素热塑性弹性体材质。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温1000℃电线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述隔热阻燃颗粒（12）为三氧化二锑颗粒。
8.一种权利要求1~7任意一项所述的耐高温1000℃电线的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下具体实施步骤：
步骤一，将多根镀镍铜丝绞合制成导体（1）；
步骤二，在导体（1）的外周挤包一层陶瓷化硅橡胶形成绝缘层（4），绝缘层（4 ）与导体（1）形成绝缘线芯；
步骤三，将多根绝缘线芯相绞合，形成封装体并包覆镀银铜丝编织层形成编织屏蔽层（3）；在编织屏蔽层（3）外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层（5）；在弹性隔热层（5）外套设高膨松性玻璃纤维管，并包覆氧化铁红硅胶形成松套管（6）；封装体与编织屏蔽层（3）、弹性隔热层（5）和松套管（6）形成主线芯；
步骤四，在芳纶阻燃纤维绞丝外部挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成加强芯
（7），将多个主线芯与加强芯组合，后加设分线芯（13），并在主线芯和分线芯（13）的外部绕包云母包带形成包带层（2）；
步骤五，在包带层（2）内的间隙填充三氧化二锑隔热阻燃颗粒；
步骤六，在包带层（2）外挤包无卤素热塑性弹性体形成弹性隔热层（5）；在弹性隔热层（5）外包覆多层碳纤维编织层形成内护套（9）；在内护套（9）外包覆铝镁合金丝编织层，并在铝镁合金丝编织层内填充无卤素热塑性弹性体形成编织铠装层（10）；在编织铠装层（10）的外部包覆多层玻璃纤维编织层形成外护套（11）。
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