CN111745887A - 射出成型设备及射出成型方法 - Google Patents
射出成型设备及射出成型方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种射出成型设备,包括射出装置、模具、气体提供装置及温度控制装置。模具具有模穴,其中射出装置适于射出材料至模穴内。气体提供装置适于提供气体至模穴内而增加模穴内的压力。温度控制装置适于控制模穴内的温度。此外,一种射出成型方法亦被提及。本发明的射出成型设备及射出成型方法可使射出成型产品中的泡体有均匀的尺寸及均匀的分布。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种成型设备及成型方法,且特别是涉及一种射出成型设备及射出成型方法。
背景技术
发泡射出成型技术应用于高分子产业之发展已日益蓬勃,此技术可使射出成型产品内部布满细小泡体,进而强化产品的耐冲击强度、隔音性,并且同时降低产品重量,达到轻量化之成效。近年来,发泡射出成型制程应用于制鞋产业中,使得射出成型产品之发泡质量控制格外受到重视。因此,如何使泡体有均匀的尺寸及均匀的分布,是发泡射出成型技术的重要议题。
发明内容
本发明是针对一种射出成型设备及射出成型方法,可使射出成型产品中的泡体有均匀的尺寸及均匀的分布。
根据本发明的实施例,射出成型设备包括射出装置、模具、气体提供装置及温度控制装置。模具具有模穴,其中射出装置适于射出材料至模穴内。气体提供装置适于提供气体至模穴内而增加模穴内的压力。温度控制装置适于控制模穴内的温度。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型设备中,包括气体流量阀,其中模具具有至少一气体流通口,气体提供装置透过至少一气体流通口提供气体至模穴内,气体流量阀连接于至少一气体流通口。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型设备中,温度控制装置包括加热装置,加热装置适于加热模具。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型设备中,温度控制装置适于恒温地控制模穴内的温度。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型设备中,包括待发泡流体提供装置,其中待发泡流体提供装置适于提供待发泡流体至射出装置,射出装置适于混合材料及待发泡流体并射出材料及待发泡流体至模穴内。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型设备中,射出装置适于在时间区段内射出材料至模穴内,气体提供装置适于在时间区段内提供气体至模穴内,温度控制装置适于在时间区段内改变模穴内的温度。
根据本发明的实施例,射出成型方法包括以下步骤。藉由射出装置射出材料至模穴内。藉由气体提供装置提供气体至模穴内而增加模穴内的压力。藉由温度控制装置控制模穴内的温度。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型方法中,包括藉由加热装置加热模具。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型方法中,包括藉由温度控制装置恒温地控制模穴内的温度。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型方法中,包括藉由待发泡流体提供装置提供待发泡流体至射出装置,且藉由射出装置混合材料及待发泡流体并射出材料及待发泡流体至模穴内。
在根据本发明的实施例的射出成型方法中,包括藉由射出装置在时间区段内射出材料至模穴内,藉由气体提供装置在时间区段内提供气体至模穴内,且藉由温度控制装置在时间区段内改变模穴内的温度。
基于上述,本发明除了藉由气体提供装置所提供的气体来增加模穴内的压力,更藉由温度控制装置控制模穴内的温度。以气体提供装置而言,其藉由增加模穴内的压力来抑制射出至模具内的材料中的待发泡流体发泡。待射出至模具内的材料的表面冷却而凝固后,不再藉由气体提供装置增加模穴的压力,使材料中的待发泡流体所形成的多个气泡核随着压力的下降而同时开始发泡。藉此,可避免材料的表面在尚未凝固的状态下因待发泡流体的发泡而产生缺陷,且可使待发泡流体的发泡均匀。以温度控制装置而言,其可藉由增加模穴内的温度使产品表面的凝固层不致过厚,使泡体能够均匀地分布于接近产品表面处。此外,藉由增加模穴内的温度,可使材料尽可能地贴合于模具的内表面,使产品的表面光滑。也就是说,气体提供装置及温度控制装置分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进材料发泡均匀,且分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进产品表面光滑无缺陷。因此,将气体提供装置搭配温度控制装置来使用,对于提升产品内泡体均匀度及产品表面光滑度,有相互加成的效果。进一步而言,在藉由温度控制装置增加模穴内的温度的同时,利用气体提供装置增加模穴内的压力,可抑制材料内的发泡因高温而分布不均匀。此外,在藉由气体提供装置增加模穴内的压力的同时,利用温度控制装置增加模穴内的温度,可避免材料内的泡体因高压而体积过小。
附图说明
包含附图以便进一步理解本发明,且附图并入本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。附图说明本发明的实施例,并与描述一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明一实施例的射出成型设备的示意图。
图2是本发明一实施例的射出成型方法的流程图。
图3绘示图1的模穴内的温度及压力变化。
图4绘示图1的模穴内的温度及压力变化。
附图标号说明
50、60:气体储存单元;
100:射出成型设备;
110:射出装置;
112:螺杆;
120:待发泡流体提供装置;
122:气体加压单元;
124、144:过滤单元;
130:模具;
132:模穴;
140:气体提供装置;
142:气体注入单元;
150、160、160’:管路;
152、162:压力感测组件;
164:气体流量阀;
170:温度控制装置。
180:恒温装置
t1、t2:时间
具体实施方式
现将详细地参考本发明的示范性实施例,示范性实施例的实例说明于附图中。只要有可能,相同组件符号在图式和描述中用来表示相同或相似部分。
图1是本发明一实施例的射出成型设备的示意图。请参考图1,本实施例的射出成型设备100包括射出装置110、待发泡流体提供装置120、模具130、气体提供装置140及温度控制装置170。模具130具有模穴132。待发泡流体提供装置120适于提供待发泡流体(如超临界流体或发泡剂等具有发泡特性的流体)至射出装置110,射出装置110适于藉其螺杆112混合材料及待发泡流体并射出材料及待发泡流体至模穴132内。气体提供装置140适于提供气体至模穴132内而增加模穴132内的压力。温度控制装置170例如是动态地控制模穴132内的温度、静态地控制模穴132内的温度或是兼具动静态地控制模穴132内的温度,本发明不对此加以限制。
以下以图1所示射出成型装置100为例,说明本发明一实施例的射出成型方法。图2是本发明一实施例的射出成型方法的流程图。请参考图2,首先,藉由射出装置110射出材料至模穴132内(步骤S602)。藉由气体提供装置140提供气体至模穴132内而增加模穴132内的压力(步骤S604)。藉由温度控制装置170控制模穴132内的温度(步骤S606)。
以气体提供装置140而言,其藉由增加模穴132内的压力来抑制射出至模具130内的材料中的待发泡流体发泡。待射出至模具130内的材料的表面冷却而凝固后,不再藉由气体提供装置140增加模穴的压力,使材料中的待发泡流体所形成的多个气泡核随着压力的下降而同时开始发泡。藉此,可避免材料的表面在尚未凝固的状态下因待发泡流体的发泡而产生缺陷,且可使待发泡流体的发泡均匀。
以温度控制装置170而言,其可藉由增加模穴132内的温度使产品表面的凝固层不致过厚,使泡体能够均匀地分布于接近产品表面处。此外,藉由增加模穴132内的温度,可使材料尽可能地贴合于模具130的内表面,使产品的表面光滑。
也就是说,气体提供装置140及温度控制装置170分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进材料发泡均匀,且分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进产品表面光滑无缺陷。因此,将气体提供装置140搭配温度控制装置170来使用,对于提升产品内泡体均匀度及产品表面光滑度,有相互加成的效果。
进一步而言,在藉由温度控制装置170增加模穴132内的温度的同时,利用气体提供装置140增加模穴132内的压力,可抑制材料内的发泡因高温而分布不均匀。此外,在藉由气体提供装置140增加模穴内的压力的同时,利用温度控制装置170增加模穴内的温度,可避免材料内的泡体因高压而体积过小。
在本实施例中,射出成型设备100包括恒温装置180,恒温装置180例如是水循环式温控装置且适于控制模穴132内的温度。温度控制装置170例如是加热装置,在恒温装置180对模穴132进行温度控制的同时,所述加热装置适于加热模具130以提升模穴132内的温度。在其他实施例中,可不配置恒温装置180且利用温度控制装置170恒温地控制模穴132内的温度,本发明不对此加以限制。
图3绘示图1的模穴内的温度及压力变化。在本实施例中,射出装置110例如是在图2所示的时间t1与时间t2之间的时间区段内射出材料至模穴132内。相应地,气体提供装置140在时间t1与时间t2之间的时间区段内提供气体至模穴132内,使模穴132内的压力如图2所示在时间t1与时间t2之间的时间区段内增加。并且,温度控制装置170在时间t1与时间t2之间的时间区段内改变(如增加)模穴132内的温度。藉以在射出装置110射出材料至模穴132内的同时,如上述般藉由模穴132内的温度及压力的增加而确实地达到材料之发泡均匀及材料表面光滑的效果。
如图3所示,亦可依需求将气体提供装置140作用的时间长度延伸为持续至时间t2之后(如图2的虚线所示),以在材料冷却过程中持续提供加压效果。类似地,可依需求将温度控制装置170作用的时间长度延伸为持续至时间t2之后(如图2的虚线所示),以在材料冷却过程中持续提供增温效果。
图4绘示图1的模穴内的温度及压力变化。由于射出成型产品的不同部位可能有不同尺寸及厚度而有不同的增温及增压需求,且所述不同部位分别在不同的时间点被射出成型,因此在射出装置110射出材料至模穴132内的过程中,因应不同时间点,可如图4所示藉由气体提供装置140的控制而使模穴132内的压力依序变化为多种不同的压力值(绘示为两种),且可如图3所示藉由温度控制装置170的控制而使模穴132内的温度依序变化为多种不同的温度值(绘示为两种)。
在本实施例中,待发泡流体提供装置120包括气体加压单元122及过滤单元124。过滤单元124适于过滤来自气体储存单元50的气体(如惰性气体),且经过滤的气体被输送至气体加压单元122。气体加压单元122适于加压此气体而形成待发泡流体。依据来源气体的不同,气体加压单元122可更改为气体加热单元或气体加压/加热单元,以对来源气体进行加热或加压/加热,本发明不对此加以限制。
另一方面,本实施例的气体提供装置140包括气体注入单元142及过滤单元144。过滤单元144适于过滤来自气体储存单元60的气体(如惰性气体),且经过滤的气体被输送至气体注入单元142。气体注入单元142适于藉由气体反压(Gas Counter Pressure)技术将此气体注入模具130,以增加模具130内的压力。
此外,本实施例的射出成型设备100包括管路150及压力感测组件152。管路150连接于射出装置110与待发泡流体提供装置120之间,待发泡流体提供装置120适于透过管路150提供待发泡流体至射出装置110,压力感测组件152配置于管路150而可用于感测气体注入射出装置110时的压力,据以控制待发泡流体提供装置120将气体注入射出装置110时的注入压力。
类似地,本实施例的射出成型设备100包括另两管路160、160’及另一压力感测组件162。管路160连接于模具130的气体入口130a与气体提供装置140之间,管路160’连接于模具130的气体出口130b,气体提供装置140适于透过管路160及气体入口130a提供气体至模穴132内,压力感测组件162配置于管路160而可用于感测气体注入模具130时的压力,据以控制气体提供装置140将气体注入模具130时的注入压力。此外,射出成型设备100包括气体流量阀164,气体流量阀164配置于管路160’而连接于模具130的气体流通口(如气体出口130b)。在其他实施例中,气体流量阀164可配置于管路160而连接于模具130的另一气体流通口(如气体入口130a)。气体流量阀164可用于确认模穴132内的压力之建立、调整模穴132内的压力、动态地控制模穴132内的压力。在一些实施例中,模具130可具有气体入口130a而不具有气体出口130b,本发明不对此加以限制。
综上所述,本发明除了藉由气体提供装置所提供的气体来增加模穴内的压力,更藉由温度控制装置控制模穴内的温度。以气体提供装置而言,其藉由增加模穴内的压力来抑制射出至模具内的材料中的待发泡流体发泡。待射出至模具内的材料的表面冷却而凝固后,不再藉由气体提供装置增加模穴的压力,使材料中的待发泡流体所形成的多个气泡核随着压力的下降而同时开始发泡。藉此,可避免材料的表面在尚未凝固的状态下因待发泡流体的发泡而产生缺陷,且可使待发泡流体的发泡均匀。以温度控制装置而言,其可藉由增加模穴内的温度使产品表面的凝固层不致过厚,使泡体能够均匀地分布于接近产品表面处。此外,藉由增加模穴内的温度,可使材料尽可能地贴合于模具的内表面,使产品的表面光滑。也就是说,气体提供装置及温度控制装置分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进材料发泡均匀,且分别藉由压力及温度的控制来促进产品表面光滑无缺陷。因此,将气体提供装置搭配温度控制装置来使用,对于提升产品内泡体均匀度及产品表面光滑度,有相互加成的效果。进一步而言,在藉由温度控制装置增加模穴内的温度的同时,利用气体提供装置增加模穴内的压力,可抑制材料内的发泡因高温而分布不均匀。此外,在藉由气体提供装置增加模穴内的压力的同时,利用温度控制装置增加模穴内的温度,可避免材料内的泡体因高压而体积过小。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种射出成型设备,其特征在于,包括:
射出装置;
模具,具有模穴,其中该射出装置适于射出材料至该模穴内;
气体提供装置,适于提供气体至该模穴内而增加该模穴内的压力;以及
温度控制装置,适于控制该模穴内的温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的射出成型设备,其特征在于,包括气体流量阀,其中该模具具有至少一气体流通口,该气体提供装置透过该至少一气体流通口提供该气体至该模穴内,该气体流量阀连接于该至少一气体流通口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的射出成型设备,其特征在于,该温度控制装置包括加热装置,该加热装置适于加热该模具。
4.根据权利要求1所述的射出成型设备,其特征在于,该温度控制装置适于恒温地控制该模穴内的温度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的射出成型设备,其特征在于,包括待发泡流体提供装置,其中该待发泡流体提供装置适于提供待发泡流体至该射出装置,该射出装置适于混合该材料及该待发泡流体并射出该材料及该待发泡流体至该模穴内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的射出成型设备,其特征在于,该射出装置适于在时间区段内射出该材料至该模穴内,该气体提供装置适于在该时间区段内提供该气体至该模穴内,该温度控制装置适于在该时间区段内改变该模穴内的温度。
7.一种射出成型方法,其特征在于,包括:
藉由射出装置射出材料至模穴内;
藉由气体提供装置提供气体至该模穴内而增加该模穴内的压力;以及
藉由温度控制装置控制该模穴内的温度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的射出成型方法,其特征在于,包括藉由加热装置加热该模具。
9.根据权利要求7所述的射出成型方法,其特征在于,包括藉由该温度控制装置恒温地控制该模穴内的温度。
10.根据权利要求7所述的射出成型方法,其特征在于,包括藉由待发泡流体提供装置提供待发泡流体至该射出装置,且藉由该射出装置混合该材料及该待发泡流体并射出该材料及该待发泡流体至该模穴内。
11.根据权利要求7所述的射出成型方法,其特征在于,包括藉由该射出装置在时间区段内射出该材料至该模穴内,藉由该气体提供装置在该时间区段内提供该气体至该模穴内,且藉由该温度控制装置在该时间区段内改变该模穴内的温度。
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