CN111727932A - Organic black pig breeding method - Google Patents
Organic black pig breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111727932A CN111727932A CN202010624429.3A CN202010624429A CN111727932A CN 111727932 A CN111727932 A CN 111727932A CN 202010624429 A CN202010624429 A CN 202010624429A CN 111727932 A CN111727932 A CN 111727932A
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019643 salty taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008521 threonine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic black pig breeding method, and belongs to the field of vertebrate breeding methods. The invention mainly aims at a breeding method of wild rose black pigs, which comprises the steps of preparing fermentation padding; laying fermentation padding; feeding in a fermentation bed with laid fermentation padding, and using organic fermentation feed as pig feed. Wherein the fermentation padding comprises organic substrate, loess, crude salt, accelerant and zymocyte liquid; the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles. The black pig bred by the invention has high grass eating rate, can reach an ideal marketing state after being bred for 8 months, has high pork nutritive value, and is rich in iron, protein, vitamins and amino acids.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vertebrate breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of organic black pigs.
Background
Pork, also known as pork of dolphin, is the meat of one of the major domestic animals, the domestic pigs of the family hogs. It has sweet and salty taste, and is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, phosphorus, etc. Pork is a main subsidiary food in daily life and has the effects of tonifying deficiency, strengthening body, nourishing yin, moistening dryness and enlarging skin. It can be used as a nutrient tonic for patients with weakness after illness, blood deficiency after delivery, and emaciation with yellowish complexion.
Pork is one of important animal food on a dining table, and has a particularly delicious meat taste after cooking because fibers are thin and soft, connective tissues are few, and muscle tissues contain much intramuscular fat.
The pork in the market generally has poor fragrance; heavy metals, antibiotics, growth-promoting hormones and the like cause serious pollution and have prominent health problems; the high-end pork products available in the market are few, and the selection degree is low.
Black pig has black hair, uniform structure, strong limbs, slightly long head, and transverse wrinkles at forehead. The black pig ears are moderate, soft and drooping, the skin wrinkles are less, the neck is less prone to drooping, the back and the waist are flat, and the abdomen is large and does not drag the ground. The posterior is weaker and slightly higher than the anterior. The average number of the teats of the sows is 12.7. The black pig has slow growing period and low weight, and the black pig is 150 jin in one year, so the western white pig is almost extinct after entering China at the end of the last century.
In the prior art, the most excellent black pigs are the first-grade native pigs, and the first-grade native pigs are high-quality native pig breeds obtained by binary hybridization of local native pig breeds Taihu pigs and Guangxi Luchuan pig breeds in China. The pig has strong stress resistance, has good adaptability to external adverse environmental conditions, and has good performance under cold resistance, heat resistance, coarse feed resistance and low nutrition conditions.
However, the production cost of the first hog is high, the growth period is long, and the slaughtering time is more than 1 year; secondly, the selling price is 80-100% higher than the market, and the development is greatly limited; thirdly, the color phase is not good, the fat-lean ratio is greatly different, the thickness of the meat fat is more than three fingers, and the fat is more, so that the meat fat is not beneficial to long-term consumption of consumers.
Disclosure of Invention
Due to the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an organic black pig breeding method. Aiming at the characteristics of wild rose fragrant pigs, the invention provides a fermentation bed and an organic feed with pertinence, effectively improves the quality of pork, shortens the marketing time and reduces the morbidity.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the organic black pig breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
(2) spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 15-25 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 1-2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 4-6kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 6-8 kg.
Preferably, the black pig is wild rose fragrant pig.
The wild rose fragrant pig is obtained by hybridizing wild pigs, fragrant pigs and Meishan pigs, and the hybridization process is as follows:
the 4 adult Bama miniature pig sows with different blood lines are numbered as X001, X002, X003 and X004, and are hybridized with 4 wild boars with different blood lines of Y001, Y002, Y003 and Y004. Number X002 sow in 2008, month 2 and day 16, birth, 7 farrowing pigs, 3 boars, number YX201, YX202, YX203, 4 sows, number YX205, YX206, YX207, YX 208. Number X001 sow in 21/2/2008 for birth, number born 9, number 5 boars, number YX101, number YX102, number YX103, number YX104, number YX105, number 4 sows, number YX106, number YX107, number YX108, number YX 109. Number X004 sow in 2008, 3.9.9.s, 6 farrowing pigs, and 3 boars, which are numbered YX401, YX402, and YX 403. The 3 sows are numbered YX404, YX405 and YX 406. The number of the sows is X003 to be laid in the period of 3-12 months in 2008, 8 sows are laid in the period of 8 sows, and the numbers of 4 boars are YX301, YX302, YX303, YX304, and the numbers of 4 sows are YX305, YX306, YX307 and YX 308.
The body color of the produced piglets is close to that of Bama miniature pigs (white hoofs, white belly skins, white necks, small ears are upright and the wild performance is strong), the piglets are named as wild miniature pigs, 8 small male pigs are bred from 15 male pigs and reserved as breeding male pigs, and the rest of the piglets are fattened and eliminated.
In 2007, 9 and 6 days, 200 pure-bred Meishan sows at 2 months of age are introduced from Jiangsu, the number of the records is M001-M200, in 2008, 10 days at 3 and 10 months, wild fragrant pigs serve as male parents, Meishan pigs serve as female parents, and hybridization breeding is started successively (the initial mating age is 7 months).
6 days 7 and 6 days 2008, the Meishan sows start to produce continuously, and the Meishan sows are named as wild rose fragrant pigs, and have the body color characteristics: white hoofs, white belly skins and a small part of necks are white, the ears are upright, the average litter size of a sow in the gestation period is 12, the number of nipples is 7, the birth weight of the sow is 430 g, the average weaning weight of the sow at 35 days is 6.5 kg, the average weight of the sow at 8 months is 180 kg, the average daily gain is 375 g, the average lean meat percentage is 61%, the back fat thickness is 1.3 cm, and the carcass slaughter rate is 67%.
In 2009, 1 month and 2 days, the second fetus is continuously delivered, the average litter size is 14, the number of nipples is 7, the birth weight is 480 g, the average weaning weight at 35 days is 7.5 kg, the average daily gain at 8 months is 405 g, the average lean meat percentage is 61%, the backfat thickness is 1.3 cm, and the carcass slaughter rate is 67%.
6 daily 4 sets of blood-line wild rose fragrant pigs in 2.2010, 8 male pigs are numbered YMX001-YMX020, and 240 female pigs are numbered YMX009-YMX240, and are fixed in a transverse mode respectively.
The wild rose hip sow starts to produce continuously from 6/4 days in 2010, 20 pigs are used for testing the average gestation period for 114 days, the average farrowing rate of the first-producing sows is 11, the number of nipples is 7, the weight of the first-producing sows is 435 g, the average weight of 35-day weaning pigs is 6.8 kg, and the average weight of 8-month sows reaches 129 jin after 2/5 days in 2010. The average daily gain of 8-month-old pig is 240 g, the average lean meat percentage is 67%, the back fat thickness is 1.2 cm, and the carcass slaughter rate is 67%.
16 days 10 and 16 days 2010, the second fetus of the wild rose fragrance pig is continuously delivered, the average litter size is 15, the number of nipples is 7 pairs, the birth weight is 485 g, and the average weaning weight is 7.7 kg at 35 days.
The test result of the experiment of 2011, 6 months and 16 days shows that the average weight of 8 months reaches 206 jin, the average daily gain is 429 g, the average lean meat percentage is 67%, the back fat thickness is 1.2 cm, and the carcass slaughter rate is 67%.
The cross breeding result obtained after 4 years is as follows: the average litter size of multiparous sows is 15, the number of nipples is 7, the weight of newborn pigs is 485 g, the average weight of 35-day weaning is 7.7 kg, the average weight of 8-month pigs reaches 206 jin, the average daily gain is 429 g, the average lean meat percentage is 67%, the backfat thickness is 1.2 cm, and the carcass slaughter rate is 67%.
The hybrid spectrum is shown in the following table:
preferably, the fermentation padding is prepared from 85-92 parts by weight of organic matrix, 7-9 parts by weight of loess, 1-2 parts by weight of crude salt, 1-5 parts by weight of accelerator and 3-10 parts by weight of zymocyte liquid;
the organic substrate is a mixture of any multiple of rice hulls, sawdust, wood chips, barks, straws, bean curd residues and bean pulp;
the crude salt consists of 92-95% of sodium chloride and 5-8% of miscellaneous salt by weight percentage;
the mixed salt comprises one or more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, calcium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium tartrate and potassium tartrate.
Preferably, the zymogen liquid is EM liquid.
Preferably, the promoter is a zeolite-transition metal promoter;
the transition metal is selected from one or more of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium and silver.
Preferably, the zeolite-transition metal promoter is prepared as follows:
dissolving nitrate of transition metal and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring for 10-30 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120-140 ℃, keeping for 48-72 hours, distilling under reduced pressure to remove moisture, drying at 60-70 ℃ for 12-24 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 5-8 hours under air atmosphere to obtain the catalyst;
the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is (1-8) to 1;
the mass of the water is 2-3 times of the sum of the mass of the transition metal nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of the colloidal silicon dioxide to the tetrapropylammonium hydroxide is (6-8): 1;
the ratio of the mass sum of the colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the mass sum of the nitrate of the transition metal and polyvinylpyrrolidone is (1-2): 1.
the nitrate of the transition metal is selected from any one or more of manganese nitrate, ferric nitrate, ferrous nitrate, cobalt nitrate, nickel nitrate, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate, rhodium nitrate, palladium nitrate and silver nitrate.
More preferably, the transition metal nitrate is manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate (3-5): 1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter, and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.3-0.8 m and width of 1-5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with ground. In summer and autumn, the film is uncovered, ventilated and turned over once every time for 1-2 hours. And after the stack retting is carried out for 4-6 days, the temperature of the stack can be raised to 50-70 ℃, and then the fermentation padding is obtained.
Preferably, the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture grasses;
the fermented organic pasture is obtained by performing anaerobic fermentation on pasture through CM composite viable bacteria;
the forage grass comprises at least one of mulberry, alfalfa, corn, sorghum, chicory and broussonetia papyrifera.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented organic pasture grass comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be below 10%, adding water of the same mass as the forage grass for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be between 65 and 70%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 2 to 5 days in spring, summer and autumn; taking out and feeding after 7-10 days in winter.
Preferably, the organic fermented feed also comprises medium-chain fatty acid particles accounting for 3-10% of the mass of the organic fermented pasture.
Preferably, the medium-chain fatty acid microparticles are prepared as follows:
mixing medium-chain fatty acid and thymol according to the mass ratio of (1-2): 1, mixing, cooling to-80-60 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-200-mesh sieve, heating to 65-80 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with the mass of 5-7 times of that of medium-chain fatty acid and water with the mass of 2-3 times of that of pregelatinized starch or 2-5 wt% of sodium alginate aqueous solution, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2-3 hours, filtering, taking solid, granulating the solid by using a granulator, and drying to obtain the product;
the medium-chain fatty acid is a linear saturated alkyl acid with the carbon number of more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 18.
Preferably, the organic fermented feed is pretreated before feeding;
the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) the organic fermented feed is kept at the temperature of 120-;
(2) cooling to 30-45 deg.C, soaking in 2-3 times of citric acid buffer solution or acetic acid buffer solution for 18-24 hr, adding complex enzyme, stirring for 1-3 hr, and filtering to remove liquid;
(3) preserving the heat for 10-30 minutes under the condition of 120-plus 180 ℃/4-5bar to obtain the pretreated organic fermented feed;
the complex enzyme comprises at least one of xylanase, glucanase, cellulase, mannanase, invertase, protease and amylase.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fermented feed is to uniformly mix the fermented organic pasture and the medium-chain fatty acid particles.
More preferably, the preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles;
(2) and (4) preprocessing.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the ecological breeding mode is adopted: the method comprises the steps of producing high-quality pork on a large scale by using biological padding, a biological fermentation bed, biological disinfection, biological health care and biological fermentation grain and grass, so that the pork quality is hormone-free and residue-free, and zero pollution and zero emission are achieved in the culture process. Completely free from chemical drugs, chemical hormones and chemical additives. The wild rose fragrant pig has strong stress resistance, and reduces the use of epidemic prevention and veterinary drugs in large quantity.
In the aspect of feed, general pigs need to eat fine feed to convert and absorb protein, energy and the like in the fine feed, while the herbivory of wild rose fragrant pigs shows that the protein, energy and the like in the wild rose fragrant pigs can be absorbed by mainly eating grass, so that the wild rose fragrant pigs have higher conversion rate, namely the feed-meat ratio, broussonetia papyrifera, white mulberry, chicory, alfalfa and the like are pasture with higher protein content, but the wild rose fragrant pigs eat less feed and cannot reach the nutritional structure required by growth, and the wild rose fragrant pigs have the advantages of high conversion and lower fat content. The ideal slaughtering state can be achieved after eight months of cultivation, which is also a key factor for determining that the cultivation cost is very low. The wild rose fragrant pork can improve the activity of SOD in human bodies, inhibit the generation of MDA, delay the aging of organisms and cell aging, and has extremely high nutritional value and health-care effect on human bodies. Lean meat is rich in iron, protein and vitamins, has more muscle fibers than other varieties, and particularly has higher contents of threonine, alanine, glutamic acid, lysine and cysteine which play key roles in the flavor of meat than common pigs.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are provided only for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as further limiting the invention.
Specifically, the following examples used the following raw material sources or CAS numbers:
the black pigs are wild rose fragrant pigs, are obtained by ternary hybridization of wild pigs, fragrant pigs and Meishan pigs, the specific hybridization process and the hybridization pedigree refer to the content of the invention, and the black pigs are cultivated in Taishi Zhenzusancun of Gansu city, Lin 27950.
The rice hull, wood dust, straw, bean curd residue, bean cake and loess are all selected from Taishizhenzusanjiacun, pulverized before use, and sieved with 20 mesh sieve.
EM bacterial solution, produced by Zhengzhou Haowang agricultural Biotechnology Limited.
CM complex live bacteria, produced by Shanxi Yigan biological engineering Co.
Sodium chloride, CAS No.: 7647-14-5.
Magnesium chloride, CAS No.: 7786-30-3.
Potassium tartrate, CAS No.: 6100-19-2.
Manganese nitrate, CAS No.: 10377-66-9.
Cobalt nitrate, CAS No.: 10141-05-6.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone, CAS No.: 9003-39-8, model PVPK60, available from Colubby New Material science and technology (Shanghai).
Colloidal silica, manufactured by Guangdong Hulter nanotechnology Co., Ltd., type HSD large particle size, average particle size 100 nm.
Tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, CAS No.: 4499-86-9.
Mulberry, alfalfa, corn, sorghum, and chicory are all produced by Inmunda Zhonghui and Xinxin agriculture and animal husbandry development Co.
Pregelatinized starch, CAS No.: 9005-25-8, food grade, manufactured by Hubei Xinming Titai chemical Co.
Myristic acid, CAS No.: 544-63-8.
Stearic acid, CAS number: 57-11-4.
Palmitic acid, CAS No.: 57-10-3.
Sodium alginate, CAS number: 9005-38-3.
Thymol, CAS No.: 89-83-8.
Xylanase, CAS No.: 9025-57-4, specification BR, 6000U/mg, purchased from leaf organisms of Shanghai origin.
Dextranase, CAS number: 9025-70-1, BR specification, 50U/mg, purchased from leaf organisms of Shanghai origin.
Cellulase, CAS number: 9012-54-8, BR specification, 50U/mg, purchased from leaf organisms of Shanghai origin.
Mannanase, CAS No.: 37288-54-3, standard BR, 10000U/mg, purchased from leaf organisms of Shanghai origin.
Amylase, beta-amylase, CAS No.: 9000-91-3, Specification BR, 50U/mg, purchased from a leaf organism of Shanghai origin.
Example 1
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving manganese nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the manganese nitrate/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite material;
the mass ratio of the manganese nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the manganese nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the sum of the masses of colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the sum of the masses of manganese nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is less than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg.
The organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
mixing myristic acid and thymol according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the step of uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles.
Example 2
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving cobalt nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the cobalt nitrate/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite material;
the mass ratio of the cobalt nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the cobalt nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the mass sum of the colloidal silica and the tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the mass sum of the cobalt nitrate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg;
the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
mixing myristic acid and thymol according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the step of uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles.
Example 3
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving transition metal nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the catalyst;
the transition metal nitrate is manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate, and the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate is 3:1 with a mixed metal salt;
the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the transition metal nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the sum of the masses of colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the sum of the masses of the nitrates of the transition metals and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg;
the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
mixing myristic acid and thymol according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the step of uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles.
Example 4
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving transition metal nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the catalyst;
the transition metal nitrate is manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate, and the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate is 3:1 with a mixed metal salt;
the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the transition metal nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the sum of the masses of colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the sum of the masses of the nitrates of the transition metals and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg;
the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
stearic acid and thymol are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the step of uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles.
Example 5
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving transition metal nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the catalyst;
the transition metal nitrate is manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate, and the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate is 3:1 with a mixed metal salt;
the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the transition metal nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the sum of the masses of colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the sum of the masses of the nitrates of the transition metals and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg;
the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
mixing palmitic acid and thymol according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the step of uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles.
Example 6
The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
the fermentation padding is prepared from 90 parts of organic matrix, 5 parts of loess, 2 parts of crude salt, 3 parts of accelerant and 6 parts of zymocyte liquid by weight;
the organic substrate is a mixture consisting of 30 parts of rice hulls, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of straws, 10 parts of bean curd residues and 10 parts of bean pulp in parts by weight;
the crude salt consists of 95 percent of sodium chloride, 3 percent of magnesium chloride and 2 percent of potassium tartrate according to weight percentage;
the zymophyte liquid is EM (effective microorganisms) liquid;
the preparation method of the zeolite-transition metal promoter comprises the following steps:
dissolving transition metal nitrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, adding colloidal silicon dioxide and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring at 300rpm for 20 minutes, adding into a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating to 120 ℃, keeping for 70 hours, distilling under reduced pressure at 2KPa/60 ℃ to remove water, drying at 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain the catalyst;
the transition metal nitrate is manganese nitrate and cobalt nitrate, and the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate is 3:1 with a mixed metal salt;
the mass ratio of the transition metal nitrate to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 3: 1;
the mass of the water is 2 times of the sum of the mass of the transition metal nitrate and the mass of the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
the molar ratio of colloidal silica to tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was 7: 1;
the ratio of the sum of the masses of colloidal silica and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to the sum of the masses of the nitrates of the transition metals and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 1.
the preparation method of the fermentation padding comprises the following steps:
mixing organic matrix, loess, crude salt, promoter and zymocyte liquid uniformly, piling into rectangular material pile with height of 0.5 m, width of 2 m and length of 1.5 m, covering the fertilizer pile with plastic cloth, and connecting the plastic cloth with the ground. Storing at 25 deg.C, and heating to 60 deg.C to obtain the fermentation padding.
(2) Spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 20 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 5kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 7 kg;
the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles, wherein the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid particles is 8% of that of the organic fermented pasture.
The preparation method of the medium-chain fatty acid particles comprises the following steps:
mixing palmitic acid and thymol according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, cooling to-80 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, heating to 70 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with 6 times of the mass of the medium-chain fatty acid and 3 wt% sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 times of the mass of the pregelatinized starch, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2 hours, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, taking the solid, granulating the solid into particles with the particle size of 0.1mm by using a granulator, and drying for 1 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the fermented organic pasture comprises the following steps:
crushing the forage grass to enable the fiber length to be less than 6CM, drying the forage grass in the sun, controlling the water content to be 8%, adding water with the mass of the forage grass and the like for wetting, stirring the forage grass while adding water to ensure uniform wetting, standing the forage grass for one day, adding CM composite viable bacteria, wherein the adding amount of the CM composite viable bacteria is 0.2g/kg of the forage grass, stirring the forage grass uniformly, adding water to enable the water content to be 65%, stacking the mixed forage grass, covering the forage grass with a plastic film, performing anaerobic fermentation, and taking out the forage grass for feeding after 3 days in spring, summer; taking out after 10 days in winter for feeding;
the pasture is prepared by mixing 20% of mulberry, 30% of alfalfa, 30% of corn, 10% of sorghum and 10% of chicory in percentage by weight.
The preparation method of the organic fermented feed comprises the following steps
(1) Uniformly mixing fermented organic pasture and medium-chain fatty acid particles to obtain the feed additive;
(2) pre-treating;
the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) preserving the heat of the organic fermented feed for 20 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃/4.25 bar;
(2) cooling to 40 ℃, soaking in a citric acid buffer solution with the pH value of 4.6 which is 3 times of the mass of the organic fermented feed for 22 hours, adding a complex enzyme, stirring for 2 hours, and filtering out liquid by a 50-mesh sieve;
the complex enzyme consists of xylanase, glucanase, cellulase, mannase and amylase;
the addition amount of the xylanase is 24000U/kg, the addition amount of the glucanase is 3000U/kg, the addition amount of the cellulase is 10000U/kg, the addition amount of the mannase is 12000U/kg, and the addition amount of the amylase is 24000U/kg;
(3) preserving the heat for 20 minutes under the condition of 150 ℃/4.25bar to obtain the pretreated organic fermented feed.
Test example 1
Weight for slaughtering
Example 1-example 6 selected healthy 35-day weaned wild rose black piglets 72, average weight of 7.7 kg, were randomly divided into 6 groups of 12 piglets, were bred to 8-month-old slaughter according to the methods described in examples 1-6, respectively, and were evenly distributed in weight of each group of test piglets, adjusted to have the same initial total weight of each group (the difference between the total weight of each group of piglets was within 0.2 kg), and 6 experimental groups were bred simultaneously, controlled to have the same ambient temperature and humidity in the farm, and were weighed uniformly until 240-day slaughter day, and the average weight of each group was calculated.
Specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 18 average weight of yearly-aged wild rose black pigs
| Mean body weight | |
| Example 1 | 197.5 jin |
| Example 2 | 198.2 jin |
| Example 3 | 207.5 jin |
| Example 4 | 207.3 jin |
| Example 5 | 206.9 jin |
| Example 6 | 208.0 jin |
As can be seen from the above table, the fermented padding has a great influence on the weight of the wild rose black pig, and different padding formulas have different decomposition capacities on excreta of the black pig, so that the fermented padding affects the average weight of the black pig, but the organic fermented feed itself has little influence on the weight of the wild rose black pig.
Test example 2
Analysis of pork nutritive value
After the wild rose black pig obtained in the test example 1 is slaughtered, the hind leg muscle is taken, air-dried, crushed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve for later use, and the protein content is detected by adopting a Kjeldahl method in GB/T5009.5-1985 and the amino acid content is detected by adopting an amino acid automatic analyzer in a GB/T14965-94 method.
The test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 pork nutritional value analysis
| Protein content (mg/g) | Total content of amino acids (%) | |
| Example 1 | 145.27 | 15.00 |
| Example 2 | 148.09 | 14.45 |
| Example 3 | 154.07 | 15.36 |
| Example 4 | 162.77 | 15.43 |
| Example 5 | 203.84 | 19.22 |
| Example 6 | 230.68 | 23.83 |
As can be seen from the table above, the breeding method provided by the invention can effectively improve the values of protein, amino acid and the like, and padding and fermented feed have certain influence on the nutritive value of pork.
Claims (9)
1. The organic black pig breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation padding;
(2) spreading the fermentation padding into a fermentation bed, wherein the thickness of the spread padding is 15-25 cm;
(3) feeding black pigs in a fermentation bed paved with fermentation padding, using organic fermentation feed as pig feed, and feeding 1-2kg of black pigs when the weight of the black pigs is less than or equal to 20 kg; when the weight of the pig is more than 20kg and less than 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 4-6kg, and when the weight of the pig is more than or equal to 60kg, the daily feeding amount is 6-8 kg.
2. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the black pig is wild rose fragrant pig.
3. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation padding comprises 85-92 parts by weight of organic matrix, 7-9 parts by weight of loess, 1-2 parts by weight of crude salt, 1-5 parts by weight of accelerator and 3-10 parts by weight of zymogen liquid;
the organic substrate is a mixture of any multiple of rice hulls, sawdust, wood chips, barks, straws, bean curd residues and bean pulp;
the crude salt consists of 92-95% of sodium chloride and 5-8% of miscellaneous salt by weight percentage;
the mixed salt comprises one or more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, calcium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium tartrate and potassium tartrate.
4. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 3, wherein the fermented bacterial liquid is EM bacterial liquid.
5. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 3, wherein the promoter is a zeolite-transition metal promoter;
the transition metal is selected from one or more of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, rhodium, palladium and silver.
6. The organic black pig breeding method of claim 1, wherein the organic fermented feed comprises fermented organic pasture grasses;
the fermented organic pasture is obtained by performing anaerobic fermentation on pasture through CM composite viable bacteria;
the forage grass comprises at least one of mulberry, alfalfa, corn, sorghum, chicory and broussonetia papyrifera.
7. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 6, wherein the organic fermented feed further comprises medium-chain fatty acid microparticles in an amount of 3-10% by mass of the organic fermented pasture.
8. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 7, wherein the medium-chain fatty acid microparticles are prepared by the following steps:
mixing medium-chain fatty acid and thymol according to the mass ratio of (1-2): 1, mixing, cooling to-80-60 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 50-200-mesh sieve, heating to 65-80 ℃, adding pregelatinized starch with the mass of 5-7 times of that of medium-chain fatty acid and water with the mass of 2-3 times of that of pregelatinized starch or 2-5 wt% of sodium alginate aqueous solution, immediately transferring the system into an ice-water bath, standing for 2-3 hours, filtering, taking solid, granulating the solid by using a granulator, and drying to obtain the product;
the medium-chain fatty acid is a linear saturated alkyl acid with the carbon number of 12-18.
9. The organic black pig breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the organic fermented feed is pretreated before feeding;
the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) the organic fermented feed is kept at the temperature of 120-;
(2) cooling to 30-45 deg.C, soaking in 2-3 times of citric acid buffer solution or acetic acid buffer solution for 18-24 hr, adding complex enzyme, stirring for 1-3 hr, and filtering to remove liquid;
(3) preserving the heat for 10-30 minutes under the condition of 120-plus 180 ℃/4-5bar to obtain the pretreated organic fermented feed;
the complex enzyme comprises at least one of xylanase, glucanase, cellulase, mannanase, invertase, protease and amylase.
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| CN202010624429.3A CN111727932B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Organic black pig breeding method |
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