CN111727721B

CN111727721B - Sweet potato harvester

Info

Publication number: CN111727721B
Application number: CN202010677509.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺立恒; 贾小云; 武宗信; 解红娥; 吴宇浩; 尹雪斌; 董琦; 孙敏; 黄文芳; 刘世芳; 刘海忠
Original assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Shanxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-07-15
Filing date: 2020-07-15
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-15
Also published as: CN111727721A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a sweet potato harvester which comprises a harvesting box, wherein two ends of the outer wall of one side of the harvesting box are respectively welded with a side end plate, the outer walls of the two side end plates are respectively provided with a bearing hole, the inner wall of each bearing hole is connected with a vine rotating cylinder through a bearing, and the outer wall of each vine rotating cylinder is welded with at least three uncaria stem groups which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape; two the relative lateral wall of side end plate all opens there is the arc spout, and the inside sliding connection of arc spout has the cross bar. The invention can quickly clear the vines wound on the hooked rattan rods so as to facilitate the hooked vines of the hooked uncaria rods, can avoid the vines on the hooked uncaria rods from falling off, and is beneficial to ensuring the harvest efficiency of sweet potatoes.

Description

Sweet potato harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a sweet potato harvester.

Background

The requirement of sweet potato planting on soil is not strict, but loose loam or sandy loam with good drainage is suitable, the soil is loose and has good air permeability, the root tuber of the planted sweet potato has thick, short and regular shape, bright skin color, good taste, high drying rate and good storability, the sticky and heavy hardened soil has poor air permeability and is easy to be damaged by waterlogging, and the quality of the planted sweet potato is poor.

When sweet potatoes are planted in a large area, mechanical equipment is needed to excavate the sweet potatoes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a sweet potato harvester aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The sweet potato harvester comprises a harvesting box, wherein side end plates are welded at two ends of the outer wall of one side of the harvesting box, bearing holes are formed in the outer walls of the two side end plates, the inner walls of the bearing holes are connected with a vine rotating cylinder through bearings, and at least three uncaria rod sets which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape are welded on the outer wall of the vine rotating cylinder; the wall of one side of each of the two side end plates, which is opposite to the wall of the other side end plate, is provided with an arc-shaped chute, the inside of each arc-shaped chute is connected with a transverse compression bar in a sliding manner, a return spring is welded between the outer wall of one side of each transverse compression bar and the inner wall of one end of each arc-shaped chute, and the outer wall of one side of each transverse compression bar is fixed with a cutting knife through a screw; one side outer wall of results case (4) is through the fix with screw has screen frame (5), and the bottom inner wall of screen frame (5) is through the fix with screw has digger blade (501), and a side wall bottom of screen frame (5) is through the fix with screw has the results motor, and the output shaft of results motor passes through the key-type connection and helps pushing away fan wheel (502), and boosting fan wheel (502) are located the inboard of digger blade (501).

Preferably, the uncaria rod set consists of hooked rattan rods which are linearly distributed at equal intervals.

Preferably, the hook rattan rod consists of a straight rod structure and a plurality of U-shaped rod structures.

Preferably, the outer wall of the bottom of the transverse compression bar is welded with vine cutting knives and vine picking rods which are distributed equidistantly, the vine cutting knives and the vine picking rods are distributed at intervals in a straight line, and the vine cutting knives and the vine picking rods are distributed in gaps among the hooked uncaria rods at equal intervals.

Preferably, a driving motor is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the side end plate through a screw, and an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotary rattan barrel through a coupler.

Preferably, the bottom of the inner wall of the harvesting box is welded with a box bottom plate, and the box bottom plate comprises an inclined baffle plate and a bottom supporting plate.

Preferably, the bottom supporting plate is arranged from one end close to the rotary rattan barrel to one end far away from the rotary rattan barrel in an inclined and downward mode.

Preferably, the outer wall of one side of the inclined baffle is connected with a buffer plate through a hinge, and a buffer spring is welded between the outer wall of the bottom of the buffer plate and the outer wall of the inclined baffle.

Preferably, the U type rod structure both sides inner wall of hook rattan pole all opens has the groove of stepping down, and the side inner wall in the groove of stepping down has the mousing-hook through the hinge link, and the welding has supporting spring between the outer wall of mousing-hook and the inner wall in the groove of stepping down.

Preferably, the clearance between the vine cutting knife 202, the vine picking rod 203 and the uncaria rod 301 is 6-15 cm.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the sweet potato harvester, the vine is pulled through the uncaria rod to directly pull out sweet potatoes through the hook vine rod and the cutting knife, and the sweet potatoes and the vines are cut through the cutting knife, so that rigid contact between the sweet potatoes and mechanical equipment can be avoided, and the possibility of damaging the variety of the sweet potatoes is greatly reduced.

2. This sweet potato harvester, through the rattan sword that cuts that sets up with choose the rattan pole, cut the rattan sword and cut the tendril between the hook rattan pole group, the rethread is chosen the rattan pole and is chosen the tendril that removes on the uncaria pole, can clear away the tendril that twines on the hook rattan pole fast to the tendril is pulled in the hooking of uncaria pole again.

3. This sweet potato harvester, through reset spring and the cross pressure pole that sets up, the cross pressure pole drives under reset spring's effect and chooses the rattan that the rattan pole extrudeed uncaria rod group is organized, changes a rattan section of thick bamboo pivoted in-process, can avoid the rattan on the uncaria rod to drop, is favorable to guaranteeing sweet potato results efficiency.

4. This sweet potato harvester, through buffer board and the buffer spring that sets up, the sweet potato falls on the buffer board, and compression buffer spring can reduce the impact force that receives when the sweet potato drops, has improved the protection effect to the sweet potato.

5. This sweet potato harvester, through anticreep hook and the supporting spring who sets up, the inside back of U type rod structure that the tendril got into hook rattan pole, anticreep hook 3011 blocks the rattan to prevent that the tendril from droing with uncaria rod 301, can further guarantee that the tendril hooks the efficient, be favorable to improving production efficiency.

The part not involved in the device is the same as the prior art or can be realized by adopting the prior art, the invention has simple structure, convenient operation, good protection effect on the appearance of the sweet potatoes and high sweet potato harvesting efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a sweet potato harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sweet potato harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cane picking rod in a sweet potato harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a buffer plate in a sweet potato harvester according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anti-unhooking device in a sweet potato harvester according to example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a net frame of a sweet potato harvester according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a net frame of a sweet potato harvester in embodiment 1 of the invention.

In the figure: 1-side end plate, 101-driving motor, 102-arc chute, 103-reset spring, 2-transverse pressure rod, 201-cutting knife, 202-rattan cutting knife, 203-rattan lifting rod, 3-rattan rotating cylinder, 301-rattan lifting rod, 3011-mousing hook, 3012-supporting spring, 4-harvesting box, 401-box bottom plate, 4011-inclined baffle, 4012-bottom supporting plate, 402-buffer plate, 403-buffer spring, 5-net frame, 501-digging shovel and 502-boosting fan wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-3, a sweet potato harvester comprises a harvesting box 4, wherein side end plates 1 are welded at two ends of the outer wall of one side of the harvesting box 4, bearing holes are formed in the outer walls of the two side end plates 1, the inner walls of the bearing holes are connected with a vine rotating cylinder 3 through bearings, and at least three uncaria rod sets which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape are welded on the outer wall of the vine rotating cylinder 3; the arc-shaped sliding grooves 102 are formed in the opposite side wall of the two side end plates 1, the transverse pressing rods 2 are connected to the inner portions of the arc-shaped sliding grooves 102 in a sliding mode, reset springs 103 are welded between the outer walls of one sides of the transverse pressing rods 2 and the inner wall of one end of the arc-shaped sliding groove 102, and a cutting knife 201 is fixed to the outer wall of one side of each transverse pressing rod 2 through screws.

In the invention, the uncaria rod group consists of hooked rattan rods 301 which are linearly distributed at equal intervals.

According to the invention, the vine hooking rod 301 is composed of a straight rod structure and a plurality of U-shaped rod structures, and the U-shaped rod structures can prevent the vines from falling off, so that the pulling force can be provided for the vines more favorably.

According to the invention, the outer wall of the bottom of the transverse pressing rod 2 is welded with the vine cutting knives 202 and the vine picking rods 203 which are distributed equidistantly, the vine cutting knives 202 and the vine picking rods 203 are linearly distributed at intervals, the vine cutting knives 202 and the vine picking rods 203 are distributed at intervals at the gaps among the hooked uncaria rods 301 which are at intervals, the gaps among the vine cutting knives 202, the vine picking rods 203 and the hooked uncaria rods 301 are 6-15 cm, and sweet potatoes can smoothly pass through the gaps without causing damage.

In the invention, a driving motor 101 is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the side end plate 1 through a screw, and the output shaft of the driving motor 101 is connected with the rotary rattan barrel 3 through a coupling.

In the invention, a box bottom plate 401 is welded at the bottom of the inner wall of the harvesting box 4, and the box bottom plate 401 comprises an inclined baffle 4011 and a bottom supporting plate 4012.

In the invention, the bottom supporting plate 4012 is obliquely and downwards arranged from one end close to the vine-rotating cylinder 3 to one end far away from the vine-rotating cylinder 3, and the obliquely arranged bottom supporting plate 4012 can guide sweet potatoes to roll to one side far away from the vine-rotating cylinder 3 so as to prevent the sweet potatoes from being accumulated near the inclined baffle 4011 to influence the sweet potato harvesting efficiency.

Referring to fig. 6-7, a net frame 5 is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the harvesting box 4 through screws, a digging shovel 501 is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the net frame 5 through screws, a harvesting motor is fixed on the bottom of the side wall of the net frame 5 through screws, the output shaft of the harvesting motor is in key connection with a boosting fan wheel 502, and the boosting fan wheel 502 is located on the inner side of the digging shovel 501.

When the harvester is used, the harvesting box 4 is fixedly arranged at the front end of a vehicle body for driving, the end part of an uncaria rod 301 is inserted into the ground (3-5 cm), the driving motor 101 is started to drive the vine rotating cylinder 3 to rotate along with the forward movement of a driving vehicle, the vine hook rod 301 pulls vines on the ground to pull out most of sweet potatoes buried in soft soil, the vines between the uncaria rods 301 are contacted with the vine cutting knife 202 and the vine picking rod 203 along with the rotation of the vine rotating cylinder 3, the joints between the sweet potatoes and the vines are contacted with the cutting knife 201, the vines push the transverse compression bar 2 to move along the arc-shaped sliding groove 102, when the cross pressing rod 2 moves into the harvesting box 4, the cross pressing rod is blocked and cannot move continuously, the cutting knife 201 cuts off the connection between the sweet potatoes and the vines, the sweet potatoes fall into the harvesting box 4, the vine cutting knife 202 cuts off the vines between the vine sets, the vine picking rod 203 picks up the vines on the vine sets, and the vines wound on the hook vines 301 are removed.

Meanwhile, the following digging shovel 501 shovels out a small part of sweet potatoes remained in the soil, and the harvest motor drives the boosting fan wheel 502 to rotate so as to push the sweet potatoes on the digging shovel 501 into the net frame 5, so that the sweet potatoes are fully harvested.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4, in the sweet potato harvester, the outer wall of one side of the inclined baffle 4011 is connected with a buffer plate 402 through a hinge, and a buffer spring is welded between the outer wall of the bottom of the buffer plate 402 and the outer wall of the inclined baffle 4011.

When the cutting knife 201 is used for cutting sweet potatoes and vines, the sweet potatoes fall on the buffer plate 402, and the buffer spring 403 is compressed, so that impact force applied when the sweet potatoes fall is reduced.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 5, in the sweet potato harvester, the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped rod structure of an uncaria rod 301 are provided with a abdicating groove, the inner walls of the abdicating groove are hinged with an anti-drop hook 3011 through a hinge, and a support spring 3012 is welded between the outer wall of the anti-drop hook 3011 and the inner wall of the abdicating groove.

In use, when the hook vine 301 hooks the vine, the vine pushes the anti-slip hook 3011 to compress the support spring 3012, so as to enter the inside of the U-shaped bar structure of the hook vine 301, and when the vine moves towards the opening of the U-shaped bar structure, the anti-slip hook 3011 blocks the vine, thereby preventing the vine from falling off the hook vine 301.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The sweet potato harvester comprises a harvesting box (4) and is characterized in that side end plates (1) are welded at two ends of the outer wall of one side of the harvesting box (4), bearing holes are formed in the outer walls of the two side end plates (1), the inner wall of each bearing hole is connected with a rotating rattan drum (3) through a bearing, and at least three uncaria rod sets which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape are welded on the outer wall of each rotating rattan drum (3); arc-shaped sliding grooves (102) are formed in the opposite side wall of each of the two side end plates (1), a transverse compression bar (2) is connected to the inside of each arc-shaped sliding groove (102) in a sliding mode, a return spring (103) is welded between the outer wall of one side of each transverse compression bar (2) and the inner wall of one end of each arc-shaped sliding groove (102), and a cutting knife (201) is fixed to the outer wall of one side of each transverse compression bar (2) through a screw; one side outer wall of results case (4) is through the fix with screw has screen frame (5), and the bottom inner wall of screen frame (5) is through the fix with screw has digger blade (501), and a side wall bottom of screen frame (5) is through the fix with screw has the results motor, and the output shaft of results motor passes through the key-type connection and helps pushing away fan wheel (502), and boosting fan wheel (502) are located the inboard of digger blade (501).

2. The sweet potato harvester of claim 1, characterized in that the set of uncaria stems consists of equi-spaced linear distribution of uncaria stems (301).

3. The sweet potato harvester of claim 2, characterized in that the grapevine rod (301) consists of a straight rod structure and a plurality of U-shaped rod structures.

4. The sweet potato harvester of claim 2, characterized in that the outer wall of the bottom of the cross bar (2) is welded with vine cutting knives (202) and vine picking rods (203) which are distributed equidistantly, the vine cutting knives (202) and the vine picking rods (203) are distributed at intervals in a straight line, and the vine cutting knives (202) and the vine picking rods (203) are distributed in the gaps between the vine hooking rods (301) which are distributed equidistantly.

5. The sweet potato harvester of claim 1, characterized in that a driving motor (101) is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the side end plate (1) through screws, and the output shaft of the driving motor (101) is connected with the rotary rattan cylinder (3) through a coupling.

6. The sweet potato harvester of claim 1, characterized in that a box bottom plate (401) is welded to the bottom of the inner wall of the harvesting box (4), and the box bottom plate (401) comprises an inclined baffle plate (4011) and a bottom supporting plate (4012).

7. The sweet potato harvester of claim 6, wherein the bottom supporting plate (4012) is arranged obliquely downwards from one end close to the vine-rotating cylinder (3) to the end far away from the vine-rotating cylinder (3).

8. The sweet potato harvester of claim 6, characterized in that the outer wall of one side of the inclined baffle plate (4011) is connected with a buffer plate (402) through a hinge, and a buffer spring is welded between the outer wall of the bottom of the buffer plate (402) and the outer wall of the inclined baffle plate (4011).

9. The sweet potato harvester of claim 3, wherein the inner walls of two sides of the U-shaped rod structure of the hooked rattan rod (301) are provided with abdicating grooves, the inner walls of the abdicating grooves are connected with anti-drop hooks (3011) through hinges, and support springs (3012) are welded between the outer walls of the anti-drop hooks (3011) and the inner walls of the abdicating grooves.

10. The sweet potato harvester of claim 1, wherein the gap between the vine cutting knife (202), the vine picking rod (203) and the uncaria rod (301) is 6-15 cm.