CN111718736A - Horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace - Google Patents
Horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111718736A CN111718736A CN202010619441.5A CN202010619441A CN111718736A CN 111718736 A CN111718736 A CN 111718736A CN 202010619441 A CN202010619441 A CN 202010619441A CN 111718736 A CN111718736 A CN 111718736A
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- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B31/00—Charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace.A packing auger shaft with a driving device is inserted into an inner furnace body of a jacketed double-layer furnace body; the side walls of the front end and the rear end of the inner furnace body are respectively provided with a material feeding hole butted with the feeding device and a mixing outlet communicated with the mixing inlet at the top of the carbon storage chamber, and the feeding hole of the discharging device is communicated with the biochar outlet at the bottom of the carbon storage chamber; the side wall of the front end of the outer furnace body is provided with a first air outlet, the side wall of the rear section of the outer furnace body is provided with at least two first air inlets at intervals, each first air inlet is correspondingly provided with a combustion chamber with a second air outlet, a main burner and an auxiliary burner, and the second air outlet of each combustion chamber is communicated with the corresponding first air inlet; the first air outlet of the charcoal storage chamber with the filtering structure is respectively communicated with the air inlets of the main burners through a draught fan and a pipeline, and the draught fan provides air for the second air outlets and the auxiliary burners. The structure can be used for continuous pyrolysis and carbonization, the carbonization is sufficient, and the carbonization temperature is controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization, in particular to a horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace.
Background
The biomass energy is the fourth largest energy after coal, petroleum and natural gas, has the advantages of cleanness, reproducibility, wide distribution, rich total amount, net zero emission of carbon dioxide and the like, and has unique advantages in the aspects of energy utilization and environmental protection; meanwhile, the problems of low energy density, high transportation cost, incomplete utilization equipment and the like exist, and certain difficulties are brought to collection, transportation, storage and utilization.
As one of the biomass thermochemical conversion technologies, the biomass carbonization technology refers to a process in which a biomass raw material after being cut or formed is heated and heated in an anaerobic or low-oxygen environment to cause intramolecular decomposition to form biochar, bio-oil and non-condensable gas products. The biochar can be used as a high-quality energy source and a soil conditioner, can also be used as a reducing agent, a fertilizer slow release carrier, a carbon dioxide sealing agent and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of carbon fixation and emission reduction, water source purification, heavy metal adsorption, soil improvement and the like. The method can provide a solution for global-concern hot spot problems such as climate change, environmental pollution, soil function degradation and the like to a certain extent.
China has a long history of charcoal burning, the earliest carbonization device appears in the form of a kiln, generally an earth kiln or a brick kiln is used as a reaction device, biomass raw materials such as weeds, straws, dead branches, fallen leaves and the like are filled into the kiln, heat required by the carbonization process is provided by fuel combustion in the kiln, then the kiln is closed, the biomass is smoldered in an anoxic environment, and the biomass is slowly cooled in the kiln to finally prepare charcoal. However, the method for preparing the carbon has the problems of long carbonization period, difficult control of the carbonization process, unstable carbon quality and the like. The common biomass carbonization furnaces on the market at present have the defects of complex structure, large volume and high manufacturing cost, long carbonization period, difficulty in accurately controlling carbonization temperature, low yield, incapability of continuous pyrolysis and carbonization, difficulty in treating tar generated after carbonization and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides a horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace which can be used for continuous pyrolysis and carbonization, has high carbonization speed, full carbonization and accurate carbonization temperature control.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace comprises: the furnace body is a jacketed double-layer furnace body consisting of an inner furnace body with a closed inner cavity and an outer furnace body with a closed inner cavity; the inner furnace body is inserted into the closed inner cavity of the outer furnace body in a penetrating way, the front end of the inner furnace body hermetically penetrates through the through hole on the front end surface of the outer furnace body and then extends out of the outer furnace body, a material feeding hole communicated with the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is formed in the side wall of the top of the inner furnace body extending out of the front end surface of the outer furnace body, and a discharging hole of the feeding device is hermetically communicated with the material feeding hole; the rear end of the inner furnace body penetrates through a through hole on the rear end face of the outer furnace body in a sealing manner and then extends out of the outer furnace body, a mixing outlet communicated with a closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the inner furnace body extending out of the rear end face of the outer furnace body, a mixing inlet at the top of the charcoal storage chamber is communicated with the mixing outlet in a sealing manner, a feed inlet of the discharging device is communicated with a charcoal outlet at the bottom of the charcoal storage chamber in a sealing manner, a top air outlet with a filtering structure is further arranged at the top of the charcoal storage chamber; the auger shaft is hermetically and alternately arranged in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body through a bearing, the front end of the auger shaft penetrates through a through hole on the front end surface of the inner furnace body in a sealing manner and then is connected with the driving device, and the auger shaft rotates under the driving of the driving device so as to push the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body to be conveyed from front to back; a second air outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the front end of the outer furnace body and communicated with an interlayer formed between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body; at least two first air inlets are formed in the side wall of the bottom of the rear section of the outer furnace body at intervals from back to front, each first air inlet is communicated with an interlayer formed between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body, a combustion chamber is correspondingly arranged on the rack at each first air inlet, a second air outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is arranged at the top of each combustion chamber, and the second air outlet of each combustion chamber is hermetically communicated with the corresponding first air inlet; the side wall of each combustion chamber is provided with a main burner, a nozzle of the main burner penetrates through a through hole on the side wall of the combustion chamber in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner cavity of the combustion chamber, and an air outlet of an induced draft fan is respectively communicated with an air inlet of each main burner in a sealing manner through a pipeline; a connecting port communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is formed in the side wall of each combustion chamber, and a nozzle of the auxiliary combustor penetrates through the connecting port in a sealing manner to extend into the inner cavity of the combustion chamber; a second air inlet communicated with the inner cavity of each combustion chamber is formed in the bottom of each combustion chamber, a fan is further arranged on the rack, an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet of a first pipeline, third air outlets which are consistent in number with the combustion chambers and correspondingly matched with the second air inlets of the combustion chambers are formed in the first pipeline, and the third air outlets are respectively communicated with the corresponding second air inlets in a sealing manner; the first pipeline is provided with branch pipelines which are communicated with the air inlets on the side walls of the second pipelines in a sealing way, the second pipeline is provided with fourth air outlets which are consistent with the number of the combustion chambers and are correspondingly matched with the air inlets of the auxiliary combustors of the combustion chambers, the fourth air outlets are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the corresponding auxiliary combustors in a sealing way, and the branch pipelines are also provided with valves; an ash outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of each combustion chamber, and the cover plate is sealed and covered at the ash outlet.
Further, aforementioned horizontal living beings continuous type retort, wherein, be provided with in the intermediate layer that forms between inner furnace body and the outer furnace body by the back first heliciform drainage plate that is the heliciform setting forward, the high temperature flue gas that produces in each combustion chamber inner chamber passes through each first air inlet and gets into in the intermediate layer, be the heliciform along first heliciform drainage plate and flow forward by the back, discharge from first gas outlet after carrying out interval heat transfer with the living beings raw materials that are arranged in the closed inner chamber of inner furnace body.
Further, in the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace, two first air inlets are formed in the side wall of the bottom of the rear section of the outer furnace body at intervals from back to front.
Further, the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace comprises a feeding device, wherein the feeding device comprises: the device comprises a feeding bin and a horizontally arranged feeding auger, wherein the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin is a discharge port of a feeding device, and the discharge port of the feeding auger hermetically penetrates through a through hole in the side wall of the feeding bin and then extends into the feeding bin.
Further, the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace is characterized in that the discharging device is a discharging auger, the outer shell of the discharging auger is a jacketed double-layer shell, and a second spiral drainage plate which is spirally arranged from front to back is further arranged in the interlayer of the outer shell; an inlet communicated with a jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material inlet end of the discharging auger, and an outlet communicated with the jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material outlet end of the discharging auger; refrigerant medium enters the interlayer of the outer shell through the inlet, flows spirally from front to back along the second spiral drainage plate, indirectly exchanges heat with the biochar in the discharging auger and then is discharged from the outlet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, high-temperature combustible gas generated by biomass carbonization and biochar are output to a carbon storage chamber from a mixing outlet of a furnace body, and the high-temperature combustible gas provides heat for the biochar which is not fully carbonized in the carbon storage chamber, so that the biochar is further fully carbonized, and thus, high-quality biochar with stable performance is obtained; the temperature in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body can be well controlled, when the temperature in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is overhigh, the temperature of high-temperature gas generated by combustion is reduced by supplying external air to the inner cavity of the corresponding combustion chamber through the fan, and the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is prevented from being burnt due to overheating; combustible gas generated by carbonization of the material raw material enters the inner cavity of the combustion chamber to be combusted, and tar generated in the biomass carbonization process is combusted, so that no tar and no sewage are discharged, and the problems of difficult tar treatment, sewage discharge pollution and the like in the carbonization process are thoroughly solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the furnace body.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the screw shaft inserted into the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body through the bearing.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the discharging device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace according to the present embodiment includes: the furnace body 2 is a jacketed double-layer furnace body which is composed of an inner furnace body 21 with a closed inner cavity 210 and an outer furnace body 22 with a closed inner cavity 220, and a fire-resistant layer and a heat-insulating layer are wrapped on the outer surface of the outer furnace body 22. The inner furnace body 21 is inserted into the closed inner cavity 220 of the outer furnace body 22, the front end of the inner furnace body 21 penetrates through the through hole on the front end face of the outer furnace body 22 in a sealing manner and then extends out of the outer furnace body 22, a material feed port 211 communicated with the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is formed in the side wall of the top of the inner furnace body 21 extending out of the front end face of the outer furnace body 22, and a discharge port of the feeding device 3 is communicated with the material feed port 211 in a sealing manner. The rear end of the inner furnace body 21 passes through a through hole on the rear end face of the outer furnace body 22 in a sealing manner and then extends out of the outer furnace body 22, a mixing outlet 212 communicated with a closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the inner furnace body 21 extending out of the rear end face of the outer furnace body 22, a mixing inlet 41 at the top of the charcoal storage chamber 4 is communicated with the mixing outlet 212 in a sealing manner, and a feed inlet of the discharging device 5 is communicated with a biochar outlet 42 at the bottom of the charcoal storage chamber 4 in a sealing manner.
As shown in fig. 6, the auger shaft 6 is inserted into the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 through a bearing seal, the front end of the auger shaft 6 penetrates through the through hole on the front end face of the inner furnace body 21 in a seal manner and then is connected with the driving device 61, and under the driving of the driving device 61, the auger shaft 6 rotates to push the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body 21 to be conveyed from front to back. The driving device 61 may employ a driving motor.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a top air outlet 43 with a filter structure is further arranged at the top of the charcoal storage chamber 4, and the filter structures in the market are various, and here, the filter structure is a filter structure through which solid and dust can not pass, but gas can pass. The air inlet of the induced draft fan 7 is hermetically communicated with the top air outlet 43.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, a first air outlet 221 is provided on the side wall of the front bottom of the outer furnace body 22, and the first air outlet 221 is communicated with the interlayer formed between the inner furnace body 21 and the outer furnace body 22. At least two first air inlets 222 are arranged on the bottom side wall of the rear section part of the outer furnace body 22 at intervals from back to front, in the embodiment, two first air inlets 222 are preferably arranged on the bottom side wall of the rear section part of the outer furnace body 22 at intervals from back to front, so that the heat transfer effect is improved, the heat distribution of the closed inner cavity 210 of the whole inner furnace body 21 is more uniform, and the carbonization speed is improved. Each first gas inlet 222 is communicated with the interlayer formed between the inner furnace body 21 and the outer furnace body 22. The frame 1 at each first air inlet 222 is correspondingly provided with a combustion chamber 8, the top of each combustion chamber 8 is provided with a second air outlet 81 communicated with the inner cavity 80 of the combustion chamber, and the second air outlet 81 of each combustion chamber 8 is communicated with the corresponding first air inlet 222 in a sealing manner; the side wall of each combustion chamber 8 is provided with a main burner 82, a nozzle of the main burner 82 penetrates through a through hole on the side wall of the combustion chamber 8 in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner cavity 80 of the combustion chamber, and an air outlet of the induced draft fan 7 is respectively communicated with air inlets of the main burners 82 in a sealing manner through pipelines 71.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a connection port 83 communicating with the combustion chamber inner chamber 80 is provided on the side wall of each combustion chamber 8, and the nozzle of the auxiliary burner 86 is hermetically inserted into the combustion chamber inner chamber 80 through the connection port 83; the bottom of each combustion chamber 8 is provided with a second air inlet 85 communicated with the inner cavity 80 of the combustion chamber, the rack 1 is further provided with a fan 105, an air outlet of the fan 105 is connected with an air inlet of a first pipeline 101, the first pipeline 101 is provided with third air outlets 100 which are consistent with the number of the combustion chambers 8 and correspondingly matched with the second air inlets 85 of the combustion chambers 8, and each third air outlet 100 is respectively communicated with the corresponding second air inlet 85 in a sealing manner. The first pipeline 101 is provided with a branch pipeline 103, the branch pipeline 103 is communicated with the air inlet on the side wall of the second pipeline 106 in a sealing way, the second pipeline 106 is provided with fourth air outlets 102 which are consistent with the number of the combustion chambers 8 and are correspondingly matched with the air inlets of the auxiliary combustors 86 of the combustion chambers 8, each fourth air outlet 102 is communicated with the air inlet of the corresponding auxiliary combustor 86 in a sealing way, and the branch pipeline 103 is further provided with a valve 104.
Usually, a plurality of temperature sensors for measuring the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 can be arranged on the furnace body 2, and the biomass carbonization temperature can be known through the temperature sensors. The fan 105 is arranged to enable a user to well control the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21. When the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace normally works and is carbonized at high temperature to generate combustible gas, the valve 104 is in a closed state, at the moment, each auxiliary burner 86 is in a non-working state, and each main burner 82 is in a working state. When the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is too high, the fan 105 is started, the temperature of high-temperature gas generated by combustion is reduced by supplementing external air into the inner cavity 80 of the corresponding combustion chamber through the fan 105, the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is prevented from being burnt due to overheating, and the carbonization quality is ensured.
An ash outlet 84 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of each combustion chamber 8, and the cover plate is sealed and covered at the ash outlet 85.
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a first spiral flow guiding plate 23 is disposed in an interlayer formed between the inner furnace body 21 and the outer furnace body 22, and the high-temperature flue gas generated in each combustion chamber inner chamber 80 enters the interlayer through each first air inlet 222, flows spirally from back to front along the first spiral flow guiding plate 23, and is discharged from the first air outlet 221 after exchanging heat with the biomass raw material located in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body 21 at intervals. The setting of first heliciform drainage plate 23 has prolonged the indirect heat transfer's of high temperature flue gas and biomass feedstock time, very big improvement heat exchange efficiency, biomass feedstock carbonization is fast, the carbomorphism is abundant.
As shown in fig. 6, the structure of the feeding device 3 includes: the feeding device comprises a feeding bin 32 and a horizontally arranged feeding packing auger 31, wherein the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 32 is a discharging hole of the feeding device 3, and the discharging hole of the feeding packing auger 31 penetrates through a through hole in the side wall of the feeding bin 32 in a sealing manner and then extends into the feeding bin 32.
As shown in fig. 7, the discharging device 5 is a discharging auger, the outer shell of the discharging auger is a jacketed double-layer shell, and a second spiral drainage plate 9 which is spirally arranged from front to back is further arranged in the interlayer 51 of the outer shell; an inlet communicated with a jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material inlet end 52 of the discharging auger, and an outlet communicated with the jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material outlet end 53 of the discharging auger; refrigerant medium enters the interlayer 51 of the outer shell through the inlet, flows spirally from front to back along the second spiral drainage plate 9, indirectly exchanges heat with the biochar in the discharging auger and then is discharged from the outlet. The cold medium can be cooling water, steam, etc. The temperature of the biochar entering the discharging auger is usually more than 500 ℃, and the temperature of the steam is usually only about 100 ℃, so the steam can also be used as a refrigerant medium. The setting of second heliciform drainage plate 9 has prolonged the indirect heat transfer's of refrigerant medium and biological charcoal time, very big improvement heat exchange efficiency, and biological charcoal cooling effect is good.
The working process principle of the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace is as follows: the biomass raw material is generally granular and cut into strips, the biomass raw material continuously enters the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 through the feeding auger 31, the feeding bin 32 and the material feeding port 211, and the auger shaft 6 rotates under the driving of the driving device 61, so that the biomass raw material continuously entering the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body 21 is pushed to be conveyed from front to back.
The initial stage of the start-up of the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace needs to introduce combustible materials into the inner cavity 80 of each combustion chamber, wherein the combustible materials adopt natural gas, the valve 104 is opened, the fan 105 is started to supplement air for each auxiliary combustor 86, the air inlet of the auxiliary combustor 86 is communicated with a natural gas source, high-temperature flue gas is generated by burning the natural gas, after the horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace normally works and high-temperature carbonization generates combustible gas, the fan 105 is closed, the valve 104 is closed, each auxiliary combustor 86 is closed, each main combustor 82 is started, the high-temperature flue gas can be generated by burning the combustible gas generated by the high-temperature carbonization of biomass at the moment, and the auxiliary combustor 86 is not needed. When the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is too high, the fan 105 is started, the temperature of high-temperature gas generated by combustion is reduced by supplementing external air into the inner cavity 80 of the corresponding combustion chamber through the fan 105, the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is prevented from being burnt due to overheating, and the carbonization quality is ensured.
High-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in each combustion chamber inner cavity 80 enters the interlayer through the second gas outlet 81 and the corresponding first gas inlet 222, flows forwards and backwards in a spiral manner along the first spiral flow guide plate 23, exchanges heat with the biomass raw material conveyed forwards and backwards in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 at intervals, and is discharged from the first gas outlet 221. The biomass raw material which carries out interval heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas absorbs heat and is carbonized at high temperature to generate biochar and combustible gas, the biochar and the high-temperature combustible gas are output to the charcoal storage chamber 4 from the mixed outlet 212 of the inner furnace body 21 together, the high-temperature combustible gas provides heat for the biochar which is not carbonized fully in the charcoal storage chamber 4, so that the biochar is further carbonized fully, high-quality biochar with stable performance is obtained, and the biochar is output from the discharge port end of the discharge auger after being conveyed and cooled through the biochar outlet 42 and the discharge auger. The combustible gas enters the burners 82 of the combustion chambers 8 through the pipelines 71 under the action of the induced draft fan 7, and is sprayed into the inner cavities 80 of the combustion chambers to be combusted, so that high-temperature flue gas is generated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
The invention has the advantages that: firstly, high-temperature combustible gas generated by biomass carbonization and biochar are output to a charcoal storage chamber 4 from a mixing outlet 41 of a furnace body, and the high-temperature combustible gas provides heat for the insufficiently carbonized biochar in the charcoal storage chamber 4 to ensure that the biochar is further fully carbonized, so that high-quality biochar with stable performance is obtained; the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 can be well controlled, when the temperature in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is overhigh, the temperature of high-temperature gas generated by combustion is reduced by supplementing external air into the corresponding combustion chamber inner cavity 80 through the fan 105, and the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity 210 of the inner furnace body 21 is prevented from being burnt due to overheating; combustible gas generated by carbonization of the material raw material enters the inner cavity 80 of the combustion chamber to be combusted, and tar generated in the biomass carbonization process is combusted, so that no tar and no sewage are discharged, and the problems of difficult tar treatment, sewage discharge pollution and the like in the carbonization process are thoroughly solved.
Claims (5)
1. A horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace, comprising: the furnace body is a jacketed double-layer furnace body consisting of an inner furnace body with a closed inner cavity and an outer furnace body with a closed inner cavity; the inner furnace body is inserted into the closed inner cavity of the outer furnace body in a penetrating way, the front end of the inner furnace body hermetically penetrates through the through hole on the front end surface of the outer furnace body and then extends out of the outer furnace body, a material feeding hole communicated with the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is formed in the side wall of the top of the inner furnace body extending out of the front end surface of the outer furnace body, and a discharging hole of the feeding device is hermetically communicated with the material feeding hole; the rear end of the inner furnace body passes through the through hole on the rear end surface of the outer furnace body in a sealing way and then extends out of the outer furnace body, and the inner furnace body is characterized in that: a mixing outlet communicated with the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the inner furnace body extending out of the rear end face of the outer furnace body, a mixing inlet at the top of the charcoal storage chamber is communicated with the mixing outlet in a sealing manner, a feed inlet of the discharging device is communicated with a charcoal outlet at the bottom of the charcoal storage chamber in a sealing manner, a top air outlet with a filtering structure is further arranged at the top of the charcoal storage chamber, and an air inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with the top air outlet in a sealing; the auger shaft is hermetically and alternately arranged in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body through a bearing, the front end of the auger shaft penetrates through a through hole on the front end surface of the inner furnace body in a sealing manner and then is connected with the driving device, and the auger shaft rotates under the driving of the driving device so as to push the biomass raw material in the closed inner cavity of the inner furnace body to be conveyed from front to back; a second air outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the front end of the outer furnace body and communicated with an interlayer formed between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body; at least two first air inlets are formed in the side wall of the bottom of the rear section of the outer furnace body at intervals from back to front, each first air inlet is communicated with an interlayer formed between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body, a combustion chamber is correspondingly arranged on the rack at each first air inlet, a second air outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is arranged at the top of each combustion chamber, and the second air outlet of each combustion chamber is hermetically communicated with the corresponding first air inlet; the side wall of each combustion chamber is provided with a main burner, a nozzle of the main burner penetrates through a through hole on the side wall of the combustion chamber in a sealing manner and then extends into the inner cavity of the combustion chamber, and an air outlet of an induced draft fan is respectively communicated with an air inlet of each main burner in a sealing manner through a pipeline; a connecting port communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is formed in the side wall of each combustion chamber, and a nozzle of the auxiliary combustor penetrates through the connecting port in a sealing manner to extend into the inner cavity of the combustion chamber; a second air inlet communicated with the inner cavity of each combustion chamber is formed in the bottom of each combustion chamber, a fan is further arranged on the rack, an air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet of a first pipeline, third air outlets which are consistent in number with the combustion chambers and correspondingly matched with the second air inlets of the combustion chambers are formed in the first pipeline, and the third air outlets are respectively communicated with the corresponding second air inlets in a sealing manner; the first pipeline is provided with branch pipelines which are communicated with the air inlets on the side walls of the second pipelines in a sealing way, the second pipeline is provided with fourth air outlets which are consistent with the number of the combustion chambers and are correspondingly matched with the air inlets of the auxiliary combustors of the combustion chambers, the fourth air outlets are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the corresponding auxiliary combustors in a sealing way, and the branch pipelines are also provided with valves; an ash outlet is formed in the side wall of the bottom of each combustion chamber, and the cover plate is sealed and covered at the ash outlet.
2. The horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be provided with in the intermediate layer that forms between inner furnace body and the outer furnace body by the back forward the first heliciform drainage plate that is the heliciform setting, the high temperature flue gas that produces in each combustion chamber inner chamber passes through each first air inlet and gets into in the intermediate layer, is the heliciform along first heliciform drainage plate and flows forward by the back, carries out interval heat transfer with the living beings raw materials that are arranged in the closed inner chamber of inner furnace body and then discharges from first gas outlet.
3. The horizontal biomass continuous type carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: two first air inlets are arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the rear section part of the outer furnace body at intervals from back to front.
4. The horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structure of the feeding device comprises: the device comprises a feeding bin and a horizontally arranged feeding auger, wherein the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin is a discharge port of a feeding device, and the discharge port of the feeding auger hermetically penetrates through a through hole in the side wall of the feeding bin and then extends into the feeding bin.
5. The horizontal biomass continuous type carbonization furnace according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the discharging device is a discharging auger, the outer shell of the discharging auger is a jacketed double-layer shell, and a second spiral drainage plate which is spirally arranged from front to back is arranged in the interlayer of the outer shell; an inlet communicated with a jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material inlet end of the discharging auger, and an outlet communicated with the jacket of the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell positioned at the material outlet end of the discharging auger; refrigerant medium enters the interlayer of the outer shell through the inlet, flows spirally from front to back along the second spiral drainage plate, indirectly exchanges heat with the biochar in the discharging auger and then is discharged from the outlet.
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| CN202010619441.5A CN111718736A (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2020-07-01 | Horizontal biomass continuous carbonization furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107841317A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-27 | 张家港市天源机械制造有限公司 | Continous way desulfurization anaerobic retort |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107841317A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-27 | 张家港市天源机械制造有限公司 | Continous way desulfurization anaerobic retort |
| CN107841317B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2024-04-19 | 张家港市天源机械制造有限公司 | Continuous chemical solid waste anaerobic carbonization furnace |
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