CN111718460A - 一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方 - Google Patents

一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方 Download PDF

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CN111718460A
CN111718460A CN202010791482.2A CN202010791482A CN111718460A CN 111718460 A CN111718460 A CN 111718460A CN 202010791482 A CN202010791482 A CN 202010791482A CN 111718460 A CN111718460 A CN 111718460A
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陈峻
崔青天
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Ningbo Yaozhong Molding Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，在阻燃剂中加入磷酸酐，促使燃烧时的可燃去脱水炭化，阻止或减少可燃气体的产生，热解状态下的磷酸酐熔融物包覆在聚氨酯发泡产品的表面，且燃烧时产生的二氧化碳溢散，起到阻燃作用，在配方中加入碳/碳复合材料，碳/碳复合材料内部的高强度碳纤维能够有效增强阻燃剂的力学性能，通过硼酸三正丁酯对碳/碳复合材料的表面进行改性，改性后的碳/碳复合材料中碳基体与氧气的反应机会更小，阻燃剂中的碳材质不容易随着使用时间的增加而氧化或散发，延长阻燃有效期，阻燃指数更高。

Description

一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子技术领域，尤其涉及一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方。
背景技术
阻燃剂作为赋予易燃聚合物难燃性的功能性助剂，主要是针对高分子材料的阻燃设计的，其通过若干机理发挥其阻燃作用，主要应用于交通运输、电子电气设备、家具以及建筑材料领域。
聚氨酯发泡产品用阻燃剂，需要在阻燃性能良好的基础上，提高产品的力学性能，为了达到这一目的，现有的阻燃剂中大多采用增加碳材质的方法来实现阻燃剂内部含碳量的增加，比如增加碳纤维，但碳纤维空隙与氧气的接触机会很多，随着使用时间的增加，阻燃剂中的碳材质容易氧化或散发，从而影响阻燃剂的阻燃效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够提高聚氨酯发泡产品的热稳定性，阻燃指数更高的融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，以解决上述背景技术中提出的随着使用时间的增加，阻燃剂中的碳材质容易氧化或散发，从而影响阻燃剂的阻燃效果的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40-50份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20-30份、磷酸酐10-20份、催化剂2-6份、无机粒子10-20份、成炭剂0-10份、硼酸三正丁酯0-8份、碳/碳复合材料0-10份、无水乙醇6-10份和乙酸0-8份。
优选的，所述聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇。
优选的，所述催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物。
优选的，所述无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种。
优选的，所述硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
本发明还提供一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中加入到反应釜中，在140-220℃的条件下进行酯化和缩聚反应，再进行常压蒸馏以除去副产物水，保温1-2h后进行抽真空，得到聚酯二元醇；
S2、将40-50份的聚酯二元醇、20-30份的芳香族二异氰酸酯、10-20份的磷酸酐、2-6份的催化剂和10-20份无机粒子加入反应釜中，在氮气保护下升温搅拌1h，得到阻燃剂基料；
S3、将硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸按照比例添加到恒温磁力搅拌器中搅拌，直至得到白色溶胶；
S4、将S3中得到的白色溶胶制成悬浮液后，加入到反应釜中，并向反应釜中加入0-8份的碳/碳复合材料，通入氩气后反应并保温2h，得到改性后的碳/碳复合材料；
S5、将改性后的碳/碳复合材料加入到阻燃剂基料中搅拌均匀即可得到融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂。
本发明提供的一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，在阻燃剂中加入磷酸酐，促使燃烧时的可燃去脱水炭化，阻止或减少可燃气体的产生，热解状态下的磷酸酐熔融物包覆在聚氨酯发泡产品的表面，且燃烧时产生的二氧化碳溢散，起到阻燃作用，在配方中加入碳/碳复合材料，碳/碳复合材料内部的高强度碳纤维能够有效增强阻燃剂的力学性能，通过硼酸三正丁酯对碳/碳复合材料的表面进行改性，改性后的碳/碳复合材料中碳基体与氧气的反应机会更小，阻燃剂中的碳材质不容易随着使用时间的增加而氧化或散发，延长阻燃有效期，阻燃指数更高。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20份、磷酸酐10份、催化剂3份、无机粒子10份、成炭剂2份、硼酸三正丁酯3份、碳/碳复合材料3份、无水乙醇6份和乙酸3份，聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇，催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物，无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种，硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
实施例2
一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20份、磷酸酐10份、催化剂3份、无机粒子10份、硼酸三正丁酯4份、碳/碳复合材料4份、无水乙醇6份和乙酸3份，聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇，催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物，无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种，硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
实施例3
一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20份、磷酸酐10份、催化剂3份、无机粒子10份、硼酸三正丁酯3份、碳/碳复合材料4份、无水乙醇6份和乙酸4份，聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇，催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物，无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种，硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
实施例4
一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20份、磷酸酐10份、催化剂3份、无机粒子15份、成炭剂2份和碳/碳复合材料10份，聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇，催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物，无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种，硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
本发明还提供一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中加入到反应釜中，在140-220℃的条件下进行酯化和缩聚反应，再进行常压蒸馏以除去副产物水，保温1-2h后进行抽真空，得到聚酯二元醇；
S2、将40-50份的聚酯二元醇、20-30份的芳香族二异氰酸酯、10-20份的磷酸酐、2-6份的催化剂和10-20份无机粒子加入反应釜中，在氮气保护下升温搅拌1h，得到阻燃剂基料；
S3、将硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸按照比例添加到恒温磁力搅拌器中搅拌，直至得到白色溶胶；
S4、将S3中得到的白色溶胶制成悬浮液后，加入到反应釜中，并向反应釜中加入0-8份的碳/碳复合材料，通入氩气后反应并保温2h，得到改性后的碳/碳复合材料；
S5、将改性后的碳/碳复合材料加入到阻燃剂基料中搅拌均匀即可得到融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂。
综上所述：本融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，在阻燃剂中加入磷酸酐，促使燃烧时的可燃去脱水炭化，阻止或减少可燃气体的产生，热解状态下的磷酸酐熔融物包覆在聚氨酯发泡产品的表面，且燃烧时产生的二氧化碳溢散，起到阻燃作用，在配方中加入碳/碳复合材料，碳/碳复合材料内部的高强度碳纤维能够有效增强阻燃剂的力学性能，通过硼酸三正丁酯对碳/碳复合材料的表面进行改性，改性后的碳/碳复合材料中碳基体与氧气的反应机会更小，阻燃剂中的碳材质不容易随着使用时间的增加而氧化或散发，延长阻燃有效期，阻燃指数更高。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，其特征在于：所述融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方按照重量的配方如下：聚酯二元醇40-50份、芳香族二异氰酸酯20-30份、磷酸酐10-20份、催化剂2-6份、无机粒子10-20份、成炭剂0-10份、硼酸三正丁酯0-8份、碳/碳复合材料0-10份、无水乙醇6-10份和乙酸0-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，其特征在于：所述聚酯二元醇采用由葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中缩聚而成的二元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，其特征在于：所述催化剂为三氯化铁和氯化锌的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，其特征在于：所述无机粒子为纳米碳酸钙、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、玻璃纤维、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方，其特征在于：所述硼酸三正丁酯与无水乙醇和乙酸反应形成白色溶胶，反应时的乙酸浓度为36%，硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸的添加量比例为1:3:1.5。
6.一种权利要求1所述的聚氨酯发泡产品阻用阻燃剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
S1、将葵二酸与1,4-丁二醇中加入到反应釜中，在140-220℃的条件下进行酯化和缩聚反应，再进行常压蒸馏以除去副产物水，保温1-2h后进行抽真空，得到聚酯二元醇；
S2、将40-50份的聚酯二元醇、20-30份的芳香族二异氰酸酯、10-20份的磷酸酐、2-6份的催化剂和10-20份无机粒子加入反应釜中，在氮气保护下升温搅拌1h，得到阻燃剂基料；
S3、将硼酸三正丁酯、无水乙醇和乙酸按照比例添加到恒温磁力搅拌器中搅拌，直至得到白色溶胶；
S4、将S3中得到的白色溶胶制成悬浮液后，加入到反应釜中，并向反应釜中加入0-8份的碳/碳复合材料，通入氩气后反应并保温2h，得到改性后的碳/碳复合材料；
S5、将改性后的碳/碳复合材料加入到阻燃剂基料中搅拌均匀即可得到融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂。
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