CN111676626A - Supercritical CO of artificial fiber and product thereof2Fluid flash explosion treatment method - Google Patents
Supercritical CO of artificial fiber and product thereof2Fluid flash explosion treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111676626A CN111676626A CN202010481809.6A CN202010481809A CN111676626A CN 111676626 A CN111676626 A CN 111676626A CN 202010481809 A CN202010481809 A CN 202010481809A CN 111676626 A CN111676626 A CN 111676626A
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
- D06B9/06—Solvent-treatment of textile materials with recovery of the solvent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical CO of artificial fiber and products thereof2A fluid flash explosion treatment method. Putting artificial fiber and its product into fluid flash explosion processing unit, sealing system, and filling CO into the processing unit2(ii) a Meanwhile, starting a heating device to carry out family member treatment on the system, and treating for a certain time after the temperature of the system reaches a preset temperature and pressure; opening the pressure release valve, instantly releasing pressure, and completing fluid flash explosion treatment of the artificial fiber and the product thereof so as to achieve physical modification treatment of the artificial fiber and the product thereof, so that the artificial fiber and the product thereof are puffed, the internal space of the fiber is increased, the aperture is increased, and subsequent yarn forming or dyeing is facilitated. After the fluid is subjected to flash explosion, the artificial fiber and the product thereof have softer hand feeling, and the subsequent spinning and textile wearability is better. In addition, the invention has simple operation, low energy consumption and no pollution, and the fiber, the yarn or the fabric or the product thereof can be fedThe device can process simultaneously, fully utilize the space of the device, and has high efficiency without mutual influence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a supercritical CO of artificial fiber and product thereof2A fluid flash explosion treatment method belongs to the technical field of textile treatment and processing.
Background
Generally, substances exist in three forms, namely a gas phase, a liquid phase and a solid phase, and the three phases are mutually converted along with the change of ambient temperature and pressure. During this interconversion process, a point of equilibrium co-existence is reached, which is referred to as the triple point. In the process of interconversion of substances between gas and liquid phases, when the temperature and pressure reach a certain point, the difference between the gas and liquid phases becomes very small, with consequent disappearance of the gas-liquid two-phase interface, which is called the critical point. The Temperature and Pressure at the Critical point are a Critical Temperature (CT) and a Critical Pressure (CP), respectively. A state in which both the temperature and the pressure are above the critical point is called a Supercritical state, and a substance in the Supercritical state becomes a Supercritical Fluid (SCF). In the supercritical state, the density of the fluid is equivalent to liquid, and the viscosity and the fluidity are equivalent to gas, so that the supercritical fluid has the characteristics of high solubility of the liquid to solute, high diffusivity and high mass transfer rate of the gas and the like, and is widely applied to industrial production.
With the global shift of chemical fiber production further to china, china has become the world's largest chemical fiber producer. The chemical fiber industry in China is continuously and rapidly developed, the comprehensive competitiveness is obviously improved, various planned target tasks are comprehensively completed, the development of the textile industry and related industries is powerfully promoted and supported, and the status and the effect in the chemical fiber industry in the world are further improved. The artificial fiber mainly comprises synthetic fiber and regenerated fiber, the synthetic fiber is made of synthetic macromolecular compounds, and the common synthetic fiber comprises terylene, chinlon, acrylon, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, spandex, polyolefin stretch yarn and the like; the regenerated fiber mainly comprises regenerated cellulose fiber, regenerated protein fiber, high-tenacity fiber and the like. This patent uses the fluid to explode the technique, handles artificial fiber, utilizes the fibre pressure differential that produces mutually inside and outside, releases a large amount of energy, changes the arrangement structure of fibre macromolecule, makes fibre macromolecule degree of freedom increase, and amorphous district increases, reaches the effect of modifying fibre and its goods.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the supercritical CO which is convenient to operate, simple in process, short in flow and high in treatment efficiency for the artificial fiber and the artificial fiber product2A fluid flash explosion treatment method.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is to provide the supercritical CO of the artificial fiber and the product thereof2The fluid flash explosion treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the artificial fiber and the product thereof are used as processing samples, the processing samples are filled in a fluid flash explosion processing unit, and then the flash explosion processing unit is connected to supercritical CO2In a flash explosion treatment system;
(2) linking CO2Medium pressure device to supercritical CO2Quantitative CO is filled into the flash explosion treatment system2Heating and raising temperature, and when the temperature and pressure in the system reach preset values, carrying out CO treatment on the sample2Fluid circulation treatment;
(3) adjusting the temperature and pressure of the separation and recovery system to preset values according to the flash explosion process requirement, and realizing flash explosion with different temperature differences and pressure differences;
(4) opening a pressure release valve of the system, quickly or instantly releasing pressure according to the process, and carrying out flash explosion treatment on the treated sample;
(5) and starting a gas recovery pump of the separation and recovery system to recover gas, reducing the pressure in the flash explosion system to atmospheric pressure, and then taking out a sample to finish the flash explosion treatment of the artificial fiber or the product thereof.
The artificial fiber and its products include chemical synthetic fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, regenerated protein fiber, and their yarn and fabric products. The synthetic fiber comprises polyester fiber (such as terylene), polyamide fiber (such as chinlon), polylactic acid fiber, acrylon, polyvinyl chloride fiber, vinylon, spandex, polyolefin stretch yarn and special fiber which is subjected to modification treatment. The regenerated cellulose fiber comprises common viscose fiber, Tencel/Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber, Modal/Modal fiber, bamboo fiber, cuprammonium fiber and acetate fiber. The regenerated protein fiber comprises soybean fiber, peanut fiber, milk fiber, silkworm pupa fiber, and sericin fiber.
In the technical scheme of the invention, in the step (1), when a sample is processed to be fiber, firstly, fluffy fiber is orderly and uniformly extruded layer by layer under the action of mechanical external force, and then, the fluffy fiber is flatly filled in a fluid flash explosion processing unit; when the processed sample is yarn, the yarn is orderly and uniformly wound under the action of mechanical external force and then uniformly and flatly wound in the fluid flash explosion processing unit; when the sample is a fabric, the fabric is firstly wound flatly, neatly and uniformly under the action of mechanical external force, and then is wound uniformly and flatly in the fluid flash explosion processing unit.
In the step (2), the preset value of the internal pressure of the system is 0.1-30 MPa; the preset value of the internal temperature of the system is 90-180 ℃. CO described in step (2)2And (3) fluid circulation treatment, wherein the treatment time is 1-120 min, the treatment time comprises a fluid circulation state and a static state, and the time ratio of the fluid circulation state to the static state is 1: 5-10: 1.
The preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system in the step (3) are respectively 0-120 ℃ and 0-25 MPa.
And (4) rapidly or instantly relieving the pressure, wherein the pressure relief time is 0.070 s-30 s.
In the invention, the artificial fiber or the product thereof is transferred into a fluid flash explosion device after a special filling mode, so that the artificial fiber or the product thereof is uniformly distributed in the device, and then the system is closed; starting the pressure pump to pump in CO2Into a processing unit; after a certain time, the pressure release valve is opened to quickly release the pressure, and the flash explosion treatment of the fibers is completed. The invention uses fluid flash explosion to process fiber, releases a large amount of energy by utilizing the pressure difference generated inside and outside the fiber phase, changes the arrangement structure of fiber macromolecules, and enables the fiber macromolecules to be freeThe degree is increased, the amorphous area is increased, and the effect of modifying the fiber and the product thereof is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can effectively realize the flash explosion treatment of the artificial fiber or the product thereof, and the artificial fiber treated by the scheme has the advantages of increasing the aperture of the fiber, increasing the internal space of the fiber and increasing the amorphous area proportion of the fiber. And after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the excellent characteristics of the artificial fiber are not changed, the hand feeling of the fiber is softer, and the fiber has certain improvement effect on subsequent textile, dyeing and finishing processing. Moreover, the scheme can simultaneously treat fibers, yarns and fabrics, and has the advantages of no space waste, convenient operation, simple process, short flow and high treatment efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid flash explosion treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid flash explosion processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1.CO2A storage tank; 2. a stop valve; 3. a condenser; 4. a pressure pump; 5. a preheater; 6. a stop valve; 7. an auxiliary unit; 8. a filter; 9. a stop valve; 10. a fluid flash explosion processing unit; 11. a stop valve; a shut-off valve; 12. a circulation pump; 12' a gas recovery pump; 13. a stop valve; 14. a stop valve; 15. a trim valve; 16. a thermometer; 17. a pressure gauge; 18. a separation kettle; 19. a thermometer; 20. a pressure gauge; 21, a purifier; CO 222A fluid inlet; 23. a flash explosion stop valve; 24. a sample processing cartridge; a fluid outlet; 26. a quick-open structure; 27. a sealing cover; 28. a steam inlet; 29. an interface; 30. and (4) carrying out flash explosion on the fluid to process the unit cylinder.
FIGS. 3 to 4 are comparative scanning electron micrographs before and after the sample treatment provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 to 6 are comparative scanning electron micrographs before and after the sample treatment provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIGS. 7 to 10 are comparative scanning electron micrographs before and after treatment of a sample provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIGS. 11 to 14 are comparative scanning electron micrographs before and after treatment of the sample provided in example 4 of the present invention;
FIGS. 15 to 20 are comparative scanning electron micrographs before and after the sample treatment provided in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid flash explosion processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention; the fluid flash explosion treatment system comprises: a pressurization system, a treatment circulation system and a separation and recovery system.
The pressurized system being CO2The output port of the storage tank 1 is sequentially connected with a stop valve 2, a condenser 3, a booster pump 4, a preheater 5, a stop valve 6 and a stop valve 13 through pipelines, and then is connected with the inlet end of a fluid flash explosion processing unit 10 through a stop valve 14; the flash explosion port of the fluid flash explosion processing unit 10 is connected with a stop valve 11', the fluid outlet end of the fluid flash explosion processing unit 10 is connected with the stop valve 11, and fluid enters a separation recovery system and a processing circulation system; the top of the fluid flash explosion processing unit 10 is provided with a thermometer 16 and a pressure gauge 17.
The separation and recovery system comprises a stop valve 11, a fine adjustment valve 15, a gas recovery pump 12', a separation kettle 18 and a purifier 21 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and then the separation and recovery system is recovered to the condenser 3.
Referring to fig. 2, it is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the fluid flash explosion processing unit provided in this embodiment; the top of the cylinder body of the fluid flash explosion processing unit is provided with a sealing cover 27 which is connected through a quick-opening structure 26; CO 22The fluid inlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the fluid flash explosion processing unit cylinder 30 and is communicated with the flash explosion stop valve 23, and CO2The fluid inlet is connected with a central hollow pipe through an interface 29, a plurality of hollowed-out small holes are distributed on the central hollow pipe, the sample processing cylinder 24 is arranged in the fluid flash explosion processing unit cylinder, and the fluid outlet 25 and the steam inlet 28 are respectively provided with the upper part of the fluid flash explosion processing unit cylinder 30.
The invention adopts a fluid flash explosion method which comprises the following steps: taking a certain amount of artificial fiber or products as a processing sample, and placing the sample into a sample processing cylinder 24 of a flash explosion processing unitFilling with a certain tightness, closing the sealing cover 27 by the quick-opening structure 26, sealing the fluid flash explosion processing unit, and introducing supercritical CO2In a flash explosion treatment system; the fluid flash explosion treatment system mainly comprises a pressurizing device, a flash explosion buffering device and a separation and recovery device. The pressurizing device mainly passes through CO2Storage tank, condenser, pressure pump, preheater, etc. for mixing supercritical CO2CO of fluid passing through flash explosion treatment unit2The fluid inlet 22 is charged with CO2A fluid; the separation and recovery device mainly recovers the fluid to the condenser through the gas recovery pump, the separation kettle and the purifier. Meanwhile, steam is input through the steam inlet 28 to heat up, and when the internal temperature and pressure reach preset values, the processing of the processed sample is started for a certain time. Meanwhile, the preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system are respectively adjusted to be 0-120 ℃ and 0-25 MPa. And then quickly opening the flash explosion stop valve 23 to release pressure, and ensuring that the pressure release is finished within the time of 0.070 s-30 s, so that the pressure in the system is reduced to the atmospheric pressure, and the fluid flash explosion treatment process is finished.
In the present invention, the artificial fiber may be a chemical synthetic fiber, a regenerated cellulose fiber, a regenerated protein fiber, or the like. The chemical synthetic fiber comprises polyester fiber (such as terylene), polyamide fiber (such as chinlon), polylactic acid fiber, acrylon, polyvinyl chloride fiber, vinylon, spandex, polyolefin stretch yarn and special fiber which is subjected to modification treatment; the regenerated cellulose fiber comprises common viscose fiber, Tencel/Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber, Modal/Modal fiber, bamboo fiber, cuprammonium fiber, and acetate fiber; the regenerated protein fiber includes soybean fiber, peanut fiber, milk fiber, silkworm pupa fiber, and sericin fiber.
When the sample is treated as fiber, firstly, orderly and uniformly extruding and processing fluffy fiber layer by layer under the action of mechanical external force, and then flatly filling the fluffy fiber in a fluid flash explosion treatment unit; when the processed sample is yarn, the yarn is orderly and uniformly wound under the action of mechanical external force and then uniformly and flatly wound in the fluid flash explosion processing unit; when the sample is a fabric, the fabric is firstly wound flatly, neatly and uniformly under the action of mechanical external force, and then is wound uniformly and flatly in the fluid flash explosion processing unit.
And after the fluid flash explosion treatment is finished, taking the fiber or fabric subjected to the fluid flash explosion treatment and untreated, placing the fiber or fabric on an electric microscope table by using conductive adhesive, and then carrying out gold spraying treatment (the gold spraying current is 10 mA, and the time is 90 s) on a gold spraying instrument (E-1045). After the metal spraying is finished, under a field table type scanning electron microscope (TM 3030), the accelerating voltage is 3KV, the magnification is 2000, 3000 and 5000 times, and the surface morphology of the fibers before and after the sample is subjected to fluid flash explosion is observed. And then taking a certain amount of fluid flash explosion fibers, solidifying the fluid flash explosion fibers for 10S by using collodion, slicing the fluid flash explosion fibers by using a Y172-type Ha-type slicer, and observing the change of the section morphology of the fibers before and after the fluid flash explosion treatment under a field emission scanning electron microscope (S-4800).
In this embodiment, the polyester fabric is specifically subjected to a flash explosion treatment. The sample was placed in a fluid flash processing unit and the system was then closed. Starting the temperature raising device, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, and introducing CO into the device2Controlling the pressure to be 20MPa, opening a stop valve to quickly deflate after 30min of treatment, wherein the deflation time is 8 s; then the change of the surface morphology before and after the fluid flash explosion is observed under an electron microscope, and the result is shown in figures 3 and 4.
FIG. 3 shows the original sample without fluid flash explosion, and the polyester fabric is enlarged by 5000 times under a cold field electron microscope when not being treated, so that the surface of the polyester fabric is very smooth, and no obvious nick or fracture phenomenon is seen.
FIG. 4 shows the sample treated by fluid flash explosion, which is 5000 times larger than the sample treated by fluid flash explosion under a cold field electron microscope. It can be seen that the polyester fabric becomes scored and cracked from the original smooth surface. And after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the pore diameter of the fiber is increased, the internal gaps of the fiber are increased, the amorphous area is increased, so that the polyester fabric has softer hand feeling, and the subsequent garment performance and wearability of the polyester fabric are better.
Example 2:
this example performs a flash explosion treatment on ECDP fabric.
The fabric sample is firstly flattened, tidily and uniformly wound under the action of mechanical external force, then the sample is placed in a fluid flash explosion processing unit, and then the system is closed. Starting the temperature raising device, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, and introducing CO into the device2Controlling the pressure to be 20MPa, and treating for 30 min. The preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system are respectively adjusted to be 20 ℃ and 5 MPa. Then opening a stop valve to quickly deflate for 8 s; then, the change of the surface morphology before and after the fluid flash explosion treatment was observed under an electron microscope, and the results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
FIG. 5 shows that the ECDP fabric is not subjected to fluid flash explosion, and the ECDP fabric is observed to be 5000 times enlarged under a scanning electron microscope, so that the ECDP fabric has a smooth surface and is not obviously scored or cracked.
FIG. 6 shows that the ECDP fabric is treated by fluid flash explosion, and the ECDP fabric is observed to be 5000 times larger under a scanning electron microscope after being treated by the fluid flash explosion. It can be seen that the ECDP fabric has become scored and cracked from an originally smooth surface. And after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the pore diameter of the fiber is increased, the internal gaps of the fiber are increased, the amorphous area is increased, and the hand feeling is softer. Meanwhile, after fluid flash explosion treatment, the excellent characteristics of the ECDP fiber are not changed, and clothes and decorative articles spun subsequently are softer and have better wearability.
Example 3:
and carrying out flash explosion treatment on the PBT fabric. The sample was placed in a fluid flash processing unit and the system was then closed. Starting the temperature raising device, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, and introducing CO into the device2Controlling the pressure to be 20MPa, and adjusting the preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system to be 10 ℃ and 3MPa respectively after 30min of treatment. Then opening a stop valve to quickly deflate for 8 s; and then observing the change of the surface morphology after the fluid flash explosion under a table type scanning electron microscope, wherein the result is shown in FIGS. 6-9.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are scanning electron micrographs of untreated PBT fabric at 1500, 5000 times as received, respectively, and generally PBT fiber due to its low crystallinity or amorphous regions; and has proper melting point and melting range; can be firmly combined with main fiber, so that it can be used as adhesive for producing non-woven fabric. The PBT fabric was seen as it was, with a very smooth surface, with no noticeable nicks and cracking.
FIG. 9 is a scanning electron microscope image of a PBT fabric sample subjected to fluid flash explosion treatment by 1500 times, and FIG. 10 is a scanning electron microscope image of fibers on the PBT fabric subjected to fluid flash explosion treatment by 3000 times. It can be seen that the fibers on the PBT fabric become scored and cracked from an originally smooth surface. After the fluid flash explosion treatment, the fiber bundle is dissociated or opened, the hand feeling of the fiber is softer, the aperture of the fiber is increased, the internal space of the fiber is increased, the amorphous area is increased, and the bonding effect is better. And after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the PBT fiber bundle is dissociated or loosened, and then the non-manufactured fabric textile spun by the PBT fiber bundle is softer in hand feeling and better in wearability.
Example 4:
and carrying out flash explosion treatment on a certain amount of viscose. The sample was placed in a fluid flash processing unit and the system was then closed. Starting the temperature raising device, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, and introducing CO into the device2Controlling the pressure to be 20MPa, and adjusting the preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system to be 5 ℃ and 0.1MPa respectively after 30min of treatment. Then opening a stop valve to quickly deflate for 8 s; then, the change of the surface morphology of the fluid before and after the flash explosion treatment is observed under an electron microscope, and the result is shown in FIGS. 11 to 14.
FIGS. 11 and 12 are longitudinal views of viscose fiber samples under scanning electron microscope of 1500 times and 3000 times, respectively. The viscose fiber has good hygroscopicity, the prepared textile has the functions of absorbing sweat and permeating moisture, and the wearing comfort is strong, so that the viscose fiber is an excellent fabric for manufacturing underwear. As can be seen from the figure, viscose fiber is in the form of straight cylinder, the surface is very smooth, and no obvious nicking and cracking phenomena are seen.
FIGS. 13 and 14 are longitudinal views of the treated liquid after flash explosion under scanning electron microscope of 1500 times and 3000 times, respectively. It can be seen that the fibers are cracked and the whole fiber is cracked after the fluid flash explosion treatment. Meanwhile, after fluid flash explosion treatment, viscose fiber bundles are dissociated and opened, so that the hand feeling of the fibers is softer, and the molecular structure of the fibers is looser. Therefore, after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the excellent moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance of the viscose fiber is not changed, and the subsequent spinning and textile wearing performance is more excellent.
Example 5:
and carrying out flash explosion treatment on a certain amount of viscose fibers. The sample was placed in a fluid flash processing unit and the system was then closed. Starting the temperature raising device, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, and introducing CO into the device2Controlling the pressure to be 20MPa, and adjusting the preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system to be 100 ℃ and 10MPa respectively after 30min of treatment. Then opening a stop valve to quickly deflate for 8 s; then, the change of the section morphology of the liquid flash explosion is observed under an electron microscope, and the results are shown in FIGS. 15 to 20.
FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 are electron micrographs of original viscose fiber cross-section at different multiples of 1000 times, 2000 times and 5000 times, respectively, showing that the fiber cross-section is irregular, jagged, smooth and unbroken. And the size and the thickness of the single fiber are uniform. A fiber with moderate thickness is taken, and the function of marking is carried out by a cold field scanning electron microscope, so as to obtain the irregular sawtooth fiber with the size of about 13.9 mu m multiplied by 13.4 mu m.
FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 are electron micrographs of cross sections of viscose fibers at different multiples of 1000 times, 3000 times and 4500 times after flash explosion treatment, and it can be seen that the surfaces of the fibers are obviously cracked, and because the thickness of single fiber is uniform, a moderate fiber is taken to use the marking function of a cold field electron microscope to obtain the irregular sawtooth edge shape with the size of 16.7 multiplied by 20.4 mu m. It can be seen that after the fluid flash explosion treatment, the pressure difference generated inside and outside the fiber phase is used to promote the fiber chain segment to move, and the fiber bundle is dissociated or loosened, which may cause the fiber to swell and become thick. The subsequent spinning performance and the wearability after the garment are better.
Claims (10)
1. Supercritical CO of artificial fiber and product thereof2Fluid flash explosion treatment methodThe method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the artificial fiber and the product thereof are used as processing samples, the processing samples are filled in a fluid flash explosion processing unit, and then the flash explosion processing unit is connected to supercritical CO2In a flash explosion treatment system;
(2) linking CO2Medium pressure device to supercritical CO2Quantitative CO is filled into the flash explosion treatment system2Heating and raising temperature, and when the temperature and pressure in the system reach preset values, carrying out CO treatment on the sample2Fluid circulation treatment;
(3) adjusting the temperature and pressure of the separation and recovery system to preset values according to the flash explosion process requirement, and realizing flash explosion with different temperature differences and pressure differences;
(4) opening a pressure release valve of the system, quickly or instantly releasing pressure according to the process, and carrying out flash explosion treatment on the treated sample;
(5) and starting a gas recovery pump of the separation and recovery system to recover gas, reducing the pressure in the flash explosion system to atmospheric pressure, and then taking out a sample to finish the flash explosion treatment of the artificial fiber or the product thereof.
2. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the artificial fiber and its products include chemical synthetic fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, regenerated protein fiber, and their yarn and fabric products.
3. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), when the sample is processed to be fiber, firstly, orderly and uniformly extruding and processing fluffy fiber layer by layer under the action of mechanical external force, and then flatly filling the fluffy fiber in a fluid flash explosion processing unit; when the processed sample is yarn, the yarn is orderly and uniformly wound under the action of mechanical external force and then uniformly and flatly wound in the fluid flash explosion processing unit; when the sample is treated as a fabric, the fabric is acted on by mechanical external forceAnd then, winding the steel wire evenly and flatly in the fluid flash explosion processing unit.
4. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), the preset value of the internal pressure of the system is 0.1-30 MPa; the preset value of the internal temperature of the system is 90-180 ℃.
5. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: CO described in step (2)2And (3) fluid circulation treatment, wherein the treatment time is 1-120 min, the treatment time comprises a fluid circulation state and a static state, and the time ratio of the fluid circulation state to the static state is 1: 5-10: 1.
6. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preset values of the temperature and the pressure of the separation and recovery system in the step (3) are respectively 0-120 ℃ and 0-25 MPa.
7. Supercritical CO of a rayon and its products according to claim 12The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (4) rapidly or instantly relieving the pressure, wherein the pressure relief time is 0.070 s-30 s.
8. Supercritical CO of a staple fiber and its products according to claim 22The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the synthetic fiber comprises polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polylactic acid fiber, acrylic fiber, polyvinyl fiber, spandex, polyolefin stretch yarn and special fiber which is subjected to modification treatment.
9. Supercritical CO of a staple fiber and its products according to claim 22A fluid flash-explosion treatment method, which comprises the following steps of,the method is characterized in that: the regenerated cellulose fiber comprises common viscose fiber, Tencel/Lyocell fiber, Modal/Modal fiber, bamboo fiber, cuprammonium fiber and acetate fiber.
10. Supercritical CO of a staple fiber and its products according to claim 22The fluid flash explosion treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the regenerated protein fiber comprises soybean fiber, peanut fiber, milk fiber, silkworm pupa fiber, and sericin fiber.
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