CN111676282B - G0s2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况中的应用 - Google Patents
G0s2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种G0S2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况的制品中的应用,是通过检测G0S2基因的表达量来诊断重症肌无力患者,以及确定治疗预后效果。本发明首先提供G0S2基因的一种新用途,是在制备用于诊断重症肌无力患者或评估重症肌无力治疗效果的制品中的应用;所述的制品,其一种为用于检测G0S2基因表达量的试剂盒;另一种为用于检测G0S2启动子甲基化检测的试剂盒。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于疾病诊断治疗技术领域,具体涉及一种G0S2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况的制品中的应用。
背景技术
重症肌无力(myasthnia gravis,MG)是一类对患者身体和生活能力损伤极大的自体免疫和神经性相关疾病。MG有发病率高(8-20/10万),治愈难,死亡率高,男性发病多于女性,患者家庭经济负担大等特点。目前,重症肌无力(MG)的发病机制仍不十分明确,重症肌无力的临床症状如颈部肌肉无力导致的抬头困难,四肢重症肌无力导致的运动受阻,呼吸重症肌无力导致的呼吸困难的出现,甚至威胁生命。这一类肌肉功能行使障碍影响了患者的正常生活,导致家庭困难等诸多不良后果。
早期重症肌无力疾病的检测和治疗未受到重视,导致初期未获得及时治疗的重症肌无力患者死亡率高达60%,之后进行严格检验和严谨的治疗后,死亡率大大下降,因此MG患者的早期判断和及时治疗对于治愈患者具有重要意义。目前,重症肌无力的早期检验多以物理检验,血检,肌电扫描图,CT检验为主,但检验结果大多无法直接确诊。物理检验多以检测“疑似患者”的肌肉能力如是否存在随意重症肌无力,肌疲劳等,但肌肉能力障碍诱因可能多种多样,重症肌无力只是其中一种;血检多以检验一些重要抗体如抗乙酰胆碱受体抗体(AChR-Ab),抗骨骼肌特异性酪氨酸激酶(MuSK)抗体,抗低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白4(LRP4)抗体,抗乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抗体,抗Titin抗体,抗RyR抗体,抗Kv1.4抗体等,通常重症肌无力患者血清中上述抗体中的部分或者全部呈阳性或者抗体滴度提高的现象,但患者体内抗体的种类和浓度变化具有较大的个体差异,且抗体滴度与病情程度没有相关性,很难为患者的诊断和治疗提供有效指导;而患者的肌电图检验中出现的低频重复神经电刺激(RNS)波幅递减和(或)单纤维肌电图(SFEMG)颤抖(Jitter)增宽现象也仅为MG患者的确诊提供参考。实际上,这些检验也仅能为医生提供患者表现出了MG症状这一信息,很难为医生对患者的治疗方案提供指导意见。
疾病诱导因素多种多样,甚至约90%的患者无法直接确定病因。同卵双胞胎重症肌无力患者的发病特征的一致性和重症肌无力疾病发病的家族化表明此病与遗传因素存在密切关系,可能存在与易发病相关的家族基因。这些基因的变化为我们制备检测重症肌无力检测试剂提供思路。
发明内容
本发明提供一种G0S2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况的制品中的应用,是通过检测G0S2基因的表达量来诊断重症肌无力患者,以及确定治疗预后效果。
本发明首先提供G0S2基因的一种新用途,是在制备用于诊断重症肌无力患者或评估重症肌无力治疗效果的制品中的应用;
所述的制品,其一种为用于检测G0S2基因表达量的试剂盒;
所述的检测G0S2基因表达量的试剂盒,为荧光实时定量检测试剂盒;
所述的荧光实时定量检测试剂盒中包含有用于检测G0S2基因表达量的引物对;
所述的引物对,其一种具体的序列信息如下:
G0S2-F:GAGAGGAGGAGAACGCTGAG(SEQ ID NO:1),
G0S2-R:CTTCTGGGCCATCATCTCCT(SEQ ID NO:2)。
所述的制品,其另一种为用于检测G0S2启动子甲基化检测的试剂盒;
所述的检测G0S2启动子甲基化检测的试剂盒,是用于检测如下的序列的片段(SEQID NO:3):
5′-TTTTAATTGGGAGAGTTGTAGTTGTYGAGAGGAGGAGAAYGTTGAGGTYGGTYGGATTAAYGGAYGYGTTGATYGTTGTTAATTGTAGTTYGYGTTGTTTTTTGTTYGYGTYGTGTTATTAAGGTAGTTYGTTTTTTTATGAGTTTTTTTTAAGATTAGTTGGGTGYGGGGTGGTGGGAGTYGTTTTTTGGTGGTTGAAGTTTTTTTTTTGTTGTTTTTTTTGTAGGTTATTTTYGTTTTYGAGAGTTTAGAGTYGAGATGGAAAYGGTTTAGGAGTTGATTTTTTTGGT-3′;
所述基化检测的试剂盒中包含有检测甲基化水平的引物对,
所述的引物对,其一种具体序列如下:
上游引物:TTTTAATTGGGAGAGTTGTAGTTGT(SEQ ID NO:4);
下游引物:ACCAAAAAAATCAACTCCTAAACC(SEQ ID NO:5)。
附图说明
图1:MG患者和正常健康志愿者PMBC中G0S2基因的相对表达水平,其中***表示p<0.01vs对照;y坐标代表相对表达水平,每个点代表单个表达结果;MG表示重症肌无力患者,正常是指健康的志愿者;将G0S2的相对表达标准化为内部对照基因GAPDH的表达水平;
图2:对照和MG患者的G0S2甲基化水平,其中(A)G0S2启动子区域中两个不同CpG岛的位置,方框代表不同的CpG岛,数字代表对照组中核碱基(B)G0S2甲基化密度的位置;空白圆圈表示不是甲基化的结果,黑色圆圈表示MG患者的甲基化结果(C)G0S2甲基化密度;空心圆圈是指不是甲基化的结果,黑色圆圈是指甲基化的结果(D)G0S2甲基化的标准化比例,MG是指重症肌无力患者;ctrl表示健康的志愿者;y坐标代表甲基化结果的速率。
图3:G0S2表达水平与甲基化水平的相关性分析图,95%的置信区间是-0.8295到-0.3475,y坐标表示甲基化结果的速率,每个点代表G0S2的单个表达结果,斜线是G0S2的甲基化水平的拟合曲线。
图4:他克莫司治疗前后MG患者PMBC中G0S2的表达图,其中***表示p<0.01,y坐标表示表达水平;每个点或块代表G0S2的单个表达结果。
具体实施方式
细胞周期开关基因G0S2(G0/G1 switch gene 2)(G0/G1 switch gene 2)基因最早发现于外周血单核细胞中,由于能够调节淋巴细胞由G0休眠期进入G1细胞分裂期而得名,是一个潜在癌基因。正常情况下,细胞进入G1期时G0S2表达上调,而高表达的G0S2又反过来抑制细胞由G0期进入G1期,表达也随之下调,从而避免细胞的无控性增殖。已经有文献报道在自身免疫性疾病血管炎和系统性红斑狼疮患者的淋巴细胞中,G0S2表达明显增高。另外,G0S2启动子有活化T细胞核因子NFAT(nuclear factor of activated T-cells)的结合位点。NFAT相关信号通路是T细胞内重要的生物信号转导通路,在T细胞活化中起到调节枢纽的作用,与T细胞的分化及多种细胞因子的产生有密切关系。而免疫抑制剂环孢菌素A能够抑制NFAT移位进入核内,从而特异性抑制T淋巴细胞产生IL-2,抑制T细胞的活化。同时有文献报道G0S2在细胞从G0期进入G1期时的表达上调也能够被免疫抑制剂环孢菌素A所阻滞。除此之外,G0S2的甲基化水平也被证实为鳞癌的重要标志物。
本发明以重症肌无力的发病机制为研究对象,探究G0S2基因在重症肌无力(发生发展过程)发病早期,中期,晚期,药物治疗后的外周血T淋巴细胞中的表达模式变化,在体外培养的淋巴细胞水平通过过表达,基因敲除等技术解析G0S2在重症肌无力中行使的功能,通过转录组测序和蛋白组测序探究其行使功能的潜在作用机制。同时,通过探究NFAT5(nuclear factor of activated T-cells)对不同甲基化水平的G0S2表达量的影响解析G0S2的调控机制。借助荧光实时定量技术,过表达技术,转录组学技术,生物信息学技术等多种技术联合,为初步揭示G0S2基因在重症肌无力发生,发展和治疗中的作用机制,为重症肌无力的治疗提供理论和实验依据。
为了使本发明的目的、技术路线和优点更加清晰明确,下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明举例进行详细描述。
实施例1:重症肌无力患者外周血淋巴细胞分离
1)直接采用EDTA-K2抗凝管,无菌抽取患者或者志愿者的手臂上的血液,EDTA-K2抗凝的外周血标本5ml混匀后离心,3000r/min,20℃,15分钟;
2)将上清血浆分装至200μl离心管放入-80℃冰箱冻存,用于后续细胞因子检测;
3)往外周血标本中加入等体积PBS液,震荡混匀;
4)在新的15ml离心管中加入等体积的人血淋巴细胞分离液,将之前混匀的血液缓慢加入盛有淋巴细胞分离液的离心管中,2400r/min,20℃,离心20分钟;
5)小心吸取离心后标本中间白色薄层(即外周血PBMC),装入一新1.5ml离心管中,3000r/min,4℃,离心10分钟后弃上清,加入1mlPBS缓冲液,吹打混匀;
6)3000r/min,4℃,5分钟离心后弃上清,加入1ml PBS缓冲液,吹打混匀,再次3000转,4℃,离心5分钟;
7)离心后弃上清,加入1ml RNAiso(Takara公司)吹打溶解细胞至白色絮状物完全消失,室温静置5min使絮状物完全溶解。
实施例2:重症肌无力患者外周血淋巴细胞总RNA提取和反转录
1)向上述步骤得到的PBMC加入200ul氯仿,震荡15s(使充分变性),室温静置5分钟后12000转,4℃,离心15分钟;
2)用移液枪靠离心管的一侧吸转上层水相,装入一新的离心管;
3)加入200ul氯仿,重复步骤①和②;
4)加入700ul异丙醇,手摇混匀,室温放置30分钟后12000转,4℃,离心10分钟;
5)小心吸弃上清,加入75%乙醇1ml(需提前配好4℃预冷,无水乙醇:DEPC水=3:1)后7500转,4℃,离心5分钟,弃上清,再离心30秒,吸走余液
6)室温干燥至管壁无明显水珠沉淀变透明,适当避光下往离心管中加入DEPC水至20ul;
7)使用紫外分光光度仪测定样品RNA浓度及A260nm/A280nm比值。提取总RNA的整个过程在严格无RNase的环境下进行,所需器材均经去酶处理。
实施例3:用于检测患者G0S2基因表达量检测模板制备
1)冰上操作,在200μL离心管中依次加入以下反应体系(总体积10μL):
5*gDNA Eraser Buffer | 2μl |
gDNA Eraser | 1μl |
总RNA | 1μg |
加无酶水至总体积 | 10μl |
2)涡旋混匀后,短暂离心6-7s,放入PCR仪中42℃,反应2min;
3)反应结束后立即置于冰上,依次加入下列反应体系(总体积20μL)
5*PrimeScript Buffer | 4μL |
PrimeScript RT Enzyme MixⅠ | 1μL |
RT Primer Mix | 1μL |
无酶水 | 4μL |
4)涡旋混匀后,短暂离心6-7s,放入PCR仪中37℃,反应15分钟;
5)继续PCR仪中85℃,5秒钟以终止反应;
6)立即置于冰上冷却,可继续进行实时荧光定量PCR反应或-20℃储存备用
实施例4:实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测G0S2基因表达量
1)qRT-PCR的引物合成:使用在线引物设计软件Primer 3进行扩增引物设计,其中内参基因选用GAPDH管家基因,由华大基因合成。内参基因和检测基因的序列分别优选为
GAPDH-F:GCCAAAAGGGTCATCATCTC,
GAPDH-R:GTAGAGGCAGGGATGATGTTTC,
检测基因G0S2引物优选如下,
G0S2-F:GAGAGGAGGAGAACGCTGAG,
G0S2-R,CTTCTGGGCCATCATCTCCT。
引物序列优选如下:
Primer name | Primer sequence(5’-3’) | Utilization |
G0S2-F | GAGAGGAGGAGAACGCTGAG | qRT-PCR |
G0S2-R | CTTCTGGGCCATCATCTCCT | qRT-PCR |
GAPDH-F | GCCAAAAGGGTCATCATCTC | qRT-PCR |
GAPDH-R | GTAGAGGCAGGGATGATGTTTC | qRT-PCR |
G0S2-bsp-1F | TAATGTTAGGTTGTTTTGGATAAGG | BSP PCR |
G0S2-bsp-1R | ACTACAACTCTCCCAATTAAAAACTC | BSP PCR |
G0S2-bsp-2F | TTTTAATTGGGAGAGTTGTAGTTGT | BSP PCR |
G0S2-bsp-2R | ACCAAAAAAATCAACTCCTAAACC | BSP PCR |
2)冰上操作,配制qPCR反应体系(所有样本均进行复孔测试)
试剂组分 | 体积 | 终浓度 |
2×SYBR Mix | 10μl | 1× |
正向引物 | 0.4μl | 0.2μM |
反向引物 | 0.4μl | 0.2μM |
cDNA | 2μl | 1× |
ddH2O(RNase/DNase free) | 补至20μl |
3)涡旋混匀后,短暂离心6-7s,确保所有试剂都在PCR管底部;
4)Real Time PCR反应
使用两步法qRT-PCR反应程序:
溶解曲线:72℃~95℃,Heating Rate,0.5℃/10sec。
本流程中优选两步法进行检测,反应优选60℃进行
5)实时荧光定量PCR结果利用相对定量法:2-ΔΔCT分析MG患者组与正常对照组的区别。ΔΔCT=(MG组目的基因平均CT值-MG组内参基因平均CT值)-(对照组目的基因平均CT值-对照组内参基因平均CT值)。
结果表明,作为细胞周期调控的关键基因,G0S2的表达水平有明显的上升趋势。G0S2基因在MG患者的外周血中显示出更显着的上调。检测到的qRT-PCR显示,MG的PBMC中G0S2的表达水平急剧上调(最多变化2200倍)。MG患者外周血中G0S2的表达模式提示MG患者参与了G0S2的表达。患者的外周血中G0S2的表达量与病情成正比例关系,病情越严重,表达量越高。患者外周血中G0S2表达量出现在5倍以上基本可以判定为重症肌无力患者图1。
实施例5:亚硫酸氢盐测序检测G0S2基因启动子甲基化水平
根据基因组DNA提取试剂盒说明书提取MG患者和对照组健康志愿者PBMC的基因组DNA。生物信息分析表明,G0S2基因启动子区域有两个不同的CpG岛(岛1和岛2,p1代表G0S2启动子的岛1和p2代表岛2)。本发明优选了G0S2基因组基因序列的-666bp至+31bp区域作为目标片段。
从PBMC中分离目的细胞的基因组总DNA与EpiTect亚硫酸盐试剂盒一起处理。通过亚硫酸氢盐测序PCR(BSP)筛选所有样品的G0S2基因启动子区域CpG岛的甲基化状态。位于G0S2启动子区域的岛1和岛2的引物均由Methyl Primer Express版本1.0软件设计。引物序列列于表1。PCR反应的总体积为50μL,可扩增G0S2启动子区域的岛1和岛2,1μL cDNA模板,岛1(或G0S2-bsp)1μL G0S2-bsp-1F/R-2F/R用于岛2),1μL DNA聚合酶,5μL10×PCR缓冲液(Mg2+Plus)4μL dNTP混合物,37μL无RNase ddH2O。当通过MSP分析的区域中的CpG位点被甲基化时,将出现甲基化(M)带,而当位点被脱甲基时将出现脱甲基(U)带。有时,如果这些位点被部分甲基化,则两个条带都可能同时存在。纯化PCR产物,并将其克隆到pMD-18T载体中。选择阳性克隆并测序图2A。
用传统测序方法确认了正确的序列后,借助EpiTect Bisulfite试剂盒通过焦磷酸测序进一步验证了G0S2基因启动子区域的甲基化状态。按照生产商的说明(ZymoResearch,Orange,CA),用亚硫酸氢盐试剂修饰来自MG患者和健康对照志愿者的基因组DNA。修饰诱导去甲基化的胞嘧啶向胸腺嘧啶的转化,而甲基化的胞嘧啶保持不变。每个样品总共20ng的亚硫酸氢盐修饰的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,并使用ABI 3700自动测序系统直接进行焦磷酸测序,以检测G0S2启动子上每个CpG位点的甲基化水平。同时根据SYBRPremix Ex TaqTM通过实时定量甲基化特异性PCR(RQ-MSP)检测G0S2甲基化,以改变焦磷酸测序结果。归一化比率(NM-G0S2)用于评估每个样品中的G0S2甲基化,并使用以下公式确定:
NM-G0S2=(EM-G0S2)ΔCT M-G0S2(control-sample)÷(EALU)ΔCT ALU(control-sample)
经过验证,与健康个体相比,MG患者从-666bp到-237bp的ATG起始位点的上游序列具有明显的下调。MG患者的PBMC中岛1的平均甲基化水平从健康人的PBMC中的12.25%下调至5.16%(5.16%对12.25%)(P<0.05)(图2B,C)。此外,对MG患者和健康志愿者进行的焦磷酸测序结果用于检测岛1中每个CpG位点的甲基化水平,结果显示每个CpG位点的下降趋势(图2B-D)。已知DNA启动子区域的甲基化水平与靶基因的表达水平成反比。这些结果表明岛1的甲基化水平较低可能会增加MG患者中G0S2的表达。我们还检测了这些样品中G0S2的表达水平,发现G0S2基因的表达水平与G0S2启动子的甲基化水平之间存在显着的负相关性(图3和表2)。该结果解释了另一方面,启动子的甲基化水平降低并且表达水平上调的原因。
实施例6:实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测采用激素类药物治疗后的患者G0S2基因表达量变化
采用实时实例1-4中外周血淋巴细胞分离,RNA提取,反转录和荧光实时定量检测技术检测采用激素类药物治疗后的重症肌无力患者体内G0S2基因的表达量变化,结果显示,治疗后的患者体内G0S2的表达量下降为健康组个体的200倍以内,而且下降比例与治疗效果成正比(图4)。
表2:患者体内甲基化水平变化表
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明、具体实施方式及试验,对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
序列表
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<120> G0S2基因在检测重症肌无力患者病情和治疗情况的中的应用
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Claims (4)
1.检测人外周血淋巴细胞中G0S2基因启动子的甲基化水平的试剂在制备用于诊断重症肌无力患者制品中的用途,其特征在于,所述G0S2基因启动子的序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述试剂包括如SEQ ID NO:4所示的上游引物和如SEQ ID NO:5所示的下游引物。
3.检测人外周血淋巴细胞中G0S2基因表达水平的试剂在制备用于评估重症肌无力治疗效果的制品中的用途,所述治疗采用激素类药物治疗。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于,所述试剂包括如SEQ ID NO:1所示和如SEQID NO:2所示的引物对。
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