CN111671127B - Tobacco leaf blending method for improving cinnabar tobacco leaf proportion - Google Patents
Tobacco leaf blending method for improving cinnabar tobacco leaf proportion Download PDFInfo
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- CN111671127B CN111671127B CN202010553370.3A CN202010553370A CN111671127B CN 111671127 B CN111671127 B CN 111671127B CN 202010553370 A CN202010553370 A CN 202010553370A CN 111671127 B CN111671127 B CN 111671127B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the ratio of cinnabar to tobacco leaves, which is realized by increasing the blending time at the stage of 42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature at the stage of 66 ℃. By increasing the modulation time at the 42 ℃ stage, the metabolic conversion of nicotine to demethylated nicotine can be improved, and the generation of red chemical substances in the tobacco leaves is increased; the wet bulb temperature at the 66 ℃ stage is increased, so that the color of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is darker; the curing cost is saved by shortening the curing time at the stage of 62 ℃ and reducing the use of a high-speed circulating fan, the high-speed circulating fan is only used in the fixation period in the curing process of the tobacco leaves, and the low-speed fan is used in the rest periods, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the curing cost is saved. Compared with the conventional preparation method, the method has the advantages that the baking cost per kilogram of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan, the tobacco cost per furnace is reduced by 166.50 yuan, the middle-grade and high-grade tobacco proportion is improved by 4.71%, the proportion of the baked cinnabar tobacco is improved by 7.34%, and the average price is improved by 1.86 yuan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking and blending, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves.
Background
The cinnabar tobacco is a special-flavor style tobacco which exists for a long time in Yunnan tobacco production, has the advantages of developing tobacco raw materials of high-end brands of Chinese cigarettes, continuously digs and submerges the characteristics of 'sweet and fragrant' style of Yunnan tobacco in order to deeply follow implementation opinions of high-quality development of the implementation industry, support a plurality of policy measures of high-quality development of the tobacco industry and decision arrangement of commercial high-quality development of Yunnan tobacco in Yunnan province, further grope the forming mechanism of cinnabar tobacco and technical measures of field production, explore and establish product quality and redrying processing standards, and finally form a new industrial development direction led from seeds to regular chain innovation of cigarette products.
The cinnabar smoke exists all the time, is self-cutting in folks, is used as the cut tobacco of a hookah, and is not tasted in high-end cigarette raw materials. The main problems of cinnabar smoke are instability, absence and presence at times and low yield. Aiming at the special odor type tobacco leaves of the cinnabar smoke and the urgent need of cigarette raw materials, the cinnabar smoke development is imperative, and the tobacco leaf modulation is the standard for judging the cinnabar smoke from appearance.
In terms of modulation, the reason for generating the cinnabar is that the yellow time is prolonged in tobacco leaf modulation, the CYP82E4 gene of fresh tobacco leaves (figure 1) is induced and activated by environment, so that nicotine in the tobacco leaves is metabolized and converted into nornicotine, and the nornicotine and quinine substances react to generate red substances in the baking process, thereby presenting the characteristic of cinnabar and cinnabar, which is shown in figure 2.
In order to improve the proportion of the cinnabar smoke, the invention provides a tobacco leaf blending method capable of producing stable and high-quality cinnabar smoke from a blending method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves.
The invention aims to realize the tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) After ignition, raising the temperature of the dry balls to 34-36 ℃ at an average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet balls to be 33-35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry balls and the wet balls, and regulating the temperature to be 2-5 cm yellow at the tips of the tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer at a stable temperature;
2) Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% when the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the temperature of the dry balls to 47-49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet balls to be 36-38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves at a stable temperature for drying;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) Raising the temperature of the dry balls to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet balls to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating at a stable temperature until the main veins of the low-temperature tobacco leaves are dried;
the improvement of the cinnabar smoke proportion is realized by increasing the preparation time of a 42 ℃ stage and the wet bulb temperature of a 66 ℃ stage: the modulation time at the 42 ℃ stage is increased, the yellowing time is prolonged, the CYP82E4 gene expression is induced, the metabolic conversion of nicotine to demethylnicotine is promoted, and the demethylnicotine and quinone substances further react, so that the generation of red substances is increased, and the cinnabar characteristic of the tobacco leaves is caused to appear; the wet bulb temperature of the 66 ℃ stage is increased from the conventional temperature of 38-39 ℃ to 42 ℃, so that the color of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is darker; in addition, the curing cost is saved by shortening the curing time at the stage of 62 ℃ and reducing the use of a high-speed circulating fan, the high-speed circulating fan is only used in the fixation period in the curing process of the tobacco leaves, and the low-speed fan is used in the rest periods, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the curing cost is saved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tobacco leaf blending method for improving the ratio of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, provided by the invention, is multi-stage accurate blending, and compared with the traditional blending method, the tobacco leaf blending method adopts a baking strategy of reducing one and increasing two, so that the blending at the 62 ℃ stage is reduced, the blending time at the 42 ℃ stage is increased, the wet bulb temperature at the 66 ℃ stage is increased, the ratio of middle and high-grade tobacco leaves and cinnabar tobacco leaves is greatly improved, and the baking cost is saved. Compared with the conventional preparation method, the method has the advantages that the baking cost per kilogram of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan, the tobacco cost per furnace is reduced by 166.50 yuan, the middle-grade and high-grade tobacco proportion is improved by 4.71%, the proportion of the baked cinnabar tobacco is improved by 7.34%, and the average price is improved by 1.86 yuan.
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FIG. 1 is a field fresh tobacco leaf map;
FIG. 2 is a cinnabar tobacco leaf map.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a tobacco leaf modulating method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves, which comprises the steps of controlling the temperature and modulating time of dry and wet balls in each stage and observing the change condition of the tobacco leaves in each stage, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) After ignition, raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 34-36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 33-35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves with the leaf tips becoming yellow by 2-5 cm at a stable temperature;
2) Raising the dry-bulb temperature to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet-bulb temperature to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% of the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer at a stable temperature;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 47-49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 36-38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) Raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried;
wherein the circulating fan used in the step 4-5 is a high-speed fan;
and (4) the circulating fans used in the steps 1-3 and the step 6 are low-speed fans.
The rotating speed of the high-speed fan is 1300-1580 r/min, and the rotating speed of the low-speed fan is 840-1080 r/min.
The tobacco leaves are flue-cured tobacco leaves.
The maturity of the tobacco leaves is proper maturity or mature.
The tobacco leaf modulation method can be applied to both a bulk curing barn and a common curing barn.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
Picking and grinding Honghua Dajinyuan ripe tobacco leaves in a bulk curing barn for curing, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1) After ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 34 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 33 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 2cm in a stable manner;
2) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 37 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 34 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 75%;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 41 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 47 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves to dry at a stable temperature;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 52 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 64 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried.
Example 2
Picking and grinding and Zhenyun 87 ripe tobacco leaves in a common curing barn for curing, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1) After ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to 35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 4cm in a stable manner;
2) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 80% of yellowing of tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer at a stable temperature;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until all the yellow tobacco leaves of the low-temperature layer become yellow, prolonging the baking time for 9h, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves to dry at a stable temperature;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 54 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 66 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried.
Example 3
Collecting K326 mature tobacco leaves in a grinding and town, and curing in a bulk curing barn, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) After ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 35 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 34 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 5cm in a stable manner;
2) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 38 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 85%;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 42 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 12h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 48 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 37 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) Raising the temperature of the dry balls to 68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet balls to be 31 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main veins of the low-temperature tobacco leaves are dried;
in examples 1 to 3, the circulating fans used in steps 4 to 5 were high-speed fans having a rotation speed of 1300 r/min, and the circulating fans used in steps 1 to 3 and 6 were low-speed fans having a rotation speed of 840 r/min.
Comparative example 1
The test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises processing A and B, wherein the tobacco leaves in the A and B are mature Honghua Dajinyuan tobacco leaves picked at the same place and time in Yuxi research and town, and are all modulated by a bulk curing barn, the processing A is modulated by the tobacco leaf modulation method provided by the invention, the processing B is modulated (CK) by the traditional modulation process, the cost and the economic character of each process are measured after modulation is finished,
as a result:
1. effect of different modulation Processes on baking cost
TABLE 1 Effect of different modulation Processes on baking cost
Note: the test tobacco leaves are middle-upper tobacco leaves, and the 3-furnace test results are obtained by averaging.
As can be seen from Table 1, the curing cost of the formulation method group of the invention is 3.68 yuan per kilogram of dry tobacco, and the curing cost of each kilogram of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan compared with the 4.06 yuan per kilogram of dry tobacco of the control group. Calculated by 500.00 kg of dry tobacco in each furnace, the cost of tobacco leaves in each furnace is reduced by 189.00 yuan.
2. Influence of different modulation processes on economic character of tobacco leaf
TABLE 2 influence of different modulation methods on economic properties of tobacco leaves
As can be seen from Table 2, the middle-first grade tobacco ratio of the formulation of the present invention is 89.90%, the control is 85.19%, the middle-first grade tobacco ratio is increased by 4.71%, the flue-cured cinnabar tobacco ratio is increased by 7.34%, and the average value is increased by 1.86 yuan.
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the conventional blending, the tobacco leaf blending method provided by the invention improves the proportion of middle-grade and high-grade smoke and cinnabar smoke, saves the baking cost, increases the income of tobacco growers, and is worthy of further popularization and application.
Claims (5)
1. A tobacco leaf modulation method for improving the cinnabar tobacco leaf proportion is characterized in that the tobacco leaf is flue-cured tobacco leaf, and the tobacco leaf modulation method comprises the following steps:
1) After ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 34 to 36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to 33 to 35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the tips of the tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer turn yellow by 2 to 5cm;
2) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% when the tobacco leaves in the high temperature layer turn yellow;
3) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 47 to 49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 to 38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable to dry the tobacco leaves of the high-temperature layer;
5) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) Raising the dry bulb temperature to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried;
the circulating fans used in the steps 1) -3) and 6) are low-speed fans, and the circulating fans used in the steps 4) and 5) are high-speed fans.
2. The tobacco leaf curing method according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the low speed fan is 840 to 1080r/min.
3. The tobacco leaf curing method according to claim 1, wherein the rotating speed of the high speed fan is 1300 to 1580r/min.
4. The tobacco leaf conditioning method according to claim 1, wherein the maturity of the tobacco leaf is ripe or mature.
5. The tobacco leaf curing method according to claim 1, wherein the method is applied to a bulk curing barn or a general curing barn.
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| CN115969075A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 | Preparation method of cinnabar tobacco style reconstituted tobacco |
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| CN103598669B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco falls apart leaf baking method |
| CN103892430A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 钟启德 | Tobacco leaf curing process of intensive curing barn |
| CN110786531A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-14 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco leaf modulation method suitable for air source heat pump bulk curing barn |
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