CN112535312B - Two-stage type intensive baking process revealing cinnabar smoke style - Google Patents
Two-stage type intensive baking process revealing cinnabar smoke style Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-section type dense baking process for revealing the style of cinnabar smoke, which comprises the following specific steps of: (1) after the fan runs for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a low speed, igniting, uniformly raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 35 to 36 ℃ from the room temperature at a constant speed at the speed of 0.9 to 1.25 ℃/hour, and adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 34 to 35 ℃; then raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-42 ℃ at a constant speed at a speed of 0.05-0.18 ℃/hour, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 34.5-35.5 ℃, and baking 8-10 tobacco leaves in a high temperature layer to yellow; (2) raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 49-50 ℃ at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.33-2.00 ℃/hour, and raising the temperature of the wet bulb to 37-38 ℃; then the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased to 64-65 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.42-0.63 ℃/hour, and the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-39 ℃; and then the circulating fan is switched to a low speed gear, the tobacco leaves are baked at a stable temperature until the main veins of the whole furnace are baked, and the baking is finished. The cinnabar tobacco obtained by the baking process has high proportion, more coordinated chemical components of the tobacco and more prominent style of cinnabar smoke of the tobacco.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking, and particularly relates to a two-section type intensive baking process for revealing the style of cinnabar smoke.
Background
At present, tobacco leaf baking processes are various in types and methods, such as three-stage baking, four-stage baking, multi-step baking and the like, most of the baking processes are developed and generated by a three-stage baking principle aiming at K326, Yunyan 87, Hongda and the like, and the baking characteristics of the varieties are strong in pertinence in the using process. The cinnabar cigarette is a special variety of tobacco newly developed and bred in recent years, has the appearance characteristics of cinnabar red and a unique sensory style of mellow tobacco fragrance, prominent sticky rice fragrance, sweet and clear fusion, softness, fineness, comfort, delight and long aftertaste fragrance, and is a special innovative and rare raw material in the cigarette industry. The cinnabar tobacco leaf baked by the existing baking process has the characteristics of less cinnabar and red appearance, high proportion of green and miscellaneous smoke, weak color sense, less sticky rice fragrance in sense, heavier miscellaneous gas, difficult manifestation of the style characteristics of mellow smoke fragrance, prominent sticky rice fragrance, fusion of green and sweet, softness, delicacy, comfort, delight and long after-taste fragrance. In addition, the existing baking process has multiple control stages in the baking process, is complicated to operate, easily causes large temperature and humidity control deviation, seriously influences the baking quality of tobacco leaves, simultaneously, because the temperature and humidity stabilizing baking is adopted for a long time in stages, the tobacco leaves are unsmooth in moisture discharge and reduced in gloss sense in the later stage of stages, and is favorable for germ outbreak and causes large baking loss especially when the tobacco leaves are too long in the yellowing stage of temperature and humidity stabilizing baking. Therefore, in order to show the special color, fragrance and taste style characteristics of the cinnabar smoke and simplify the dense baking process, the dense baking process which shows the style of the cinnabar smoke and solves the problems needs to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dense baking process which shows the style of cinnabar smoke.
The invention aims to realize the dense baking process which shows the style of cinnabar smoke, and comprises two stages of raising temperature at a constant speed to turn yellow and raising temperature at a constant speed to dry the leaves, and the dense baking process comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) constant temperature rising and yellowing stage
After the tobacco is filled, after the fan runs for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a low speed, igniting or starting electric heating, uniformly raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 35 to 36 ℃ from the room temperature at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.9 to 1.25 ℃/hour, and adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 34 to 35 ℃ from the room temperature; then raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-42 ℃ at a constant speed at a heating rate of 0.05-0.18 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 34.5-35.5 ℃, baking the tobacco leaves in the high temperature layer to yellow by 8-10, and then entering a constant-speed heating dry leaf stage;
wherein, when the temperature of the dry balls is increased to 39-40 ℃, the fan runs at a high speed;
(2) constant temperature rising and leaf drying stage
Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 49-50 ℃ at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.33-2.00 ℃/hour, and raising the temperature of the wet bulb to 37-38 ℃; then the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased to 64-65 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.42-0.63 ℃/hour, and the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-39 ℃; and then the circulating fan is switched to a low speed gear, the tobacco leaves are baked at a stable temperature until the main veins of the whole furnace are baked, and the baking is finished.
The invention is based on the style and characteristics of the cinnabar smoke, and ensures that the tobacco leaves have sufficient time to turn yellow and lose water in the temperature rising process and generate red and accumulated fragrance in the process of drying the leaves by adopting different constant temperature rising speeds. According to the invention, through two stages of baking of 2 uniform-speed heating processes and 1 temperature-and-humidity-stabilizing yellowing process, 2 uniform-speed heating processes and 1 temperature-and-humidity-stabilizing dry leaf, the tobacco leaves are ensured to be fully yellow and sufficiently dehydrated to soften, the temperature-and-humidity-stabilizing time in the yellowing stage is greatly reduced and shortened, the tobacco leaves are promoted to be yellow in a dynamic temperature-and-humidity environment, the tobacco leaves are enabled to be yellow and dehydrated to be coordinated in the baking process, the dry leaves and aroma enhancement are synchronous, the relatively stable environmental conditions of pathogenic bacteria are effectively destroyed, and the mildew head smoke rate is reduced. In the uniform-speed heating and yellowing period, two different uniform-speed heating speeds and a temperature-stabilizing delay method are adopted, and in the uniform-speed heating and yellowing period, two different uniform-speed heating speeds and a temperature-stabilizing delay baking method are adopted, so that the color fixing, drying and glutinous rice fragrance accumulation of tobacco leaves and the purity of smoke are ensured, the cigarette sand rate is improved, the green and miscellaneous gases are reduced, the green and yellow smoke proportion is reduced, sufficient time is provided for promoting the tobacco leaves to generate vermilion, and the style characteristics of mellow cigarette fragrance, prominent glutinous rice fragrance, sweet and clear fusion, softness and fineness, comfort and joyful performance and long aftertaste fragrance are highlighted.
Compared with the traditional three-stage baking process (see figure 3), the baking process has the following advantages:
1. the cinnabar tobacco obtained by the baking process has high proportion, more coordinated chemical components of the tobacco and more prominent style of cinnabar smoke of the tobacco.
2. The baking process is simple, relates to a two-stage 4-liter 2-stable baking operation mode, has 6 or 8 operation steps which are fewer than those of the traditional process by one baking stage, is easy to master and is convenient to popularize and apply.
3. The dry and wet bulb temperature, the heating rate and the time of the invention are clearly set, the control point position is less than 50 percent of the traditional three-stage baking process, the invention is easy to learn and operate, and the invention can also better apply the programming development, and if the invention is a pure electric baking room, the new goal of unattended baking can be basically realized.
4. The method is suitable for the lower part, the middle part or the upper part of any good variety of cinnabar which is popularized in the current production, and has strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a baking process in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a baking process in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a conventional three-stage baking process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited thereto in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a dense baking process for showing the style of cinnabar smoke, which comprises two stages of raising temperature at a constant speed to turn yellow and raising temperature at a constant speed to dry leaves, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) constant temperature rising and yellowing stage
After the tobacco is filled, after the fan runs for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a low speed, igniting or starting electric heating, uniformly raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 35 to 36 ℃ from the room temperature at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.9 to 1.25 ℃/hour, and adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 34 to 35 ℃ from the room temperature; then raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-42 ℃ at a constant speed at a heating rate of 0.05-0.18 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 34.5-35.5 ℃, baking the tobacco leaves in the high temperature layer to yellow by 8-10, and then entering a constant-speed heating dry leaf stage;
wherein, when the temperature of the dry balls is increased to 39-40 ℃, the fan runs at a high speed;
(2) constant temperature rising and leaf drying stage
Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 49-50 ℃ at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.33-2.00 ℃/hour, and raising the temperature of the wet bulb to 37-38 ℃; then the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased to 64-65 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.42-0.63 ℃/hour, and the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-39 ℃; and then the circulating fan is switched to a low speed gear, the tobacco leaves are baked at a stable temperature until the main veins of the whole furnace are baked, and the baking is finished.
In the step 1, when the initial temperature in the baking room is lower than 28 ℃, the temperature of the dry balls is uniformly increased from room temperature to 35-36 ℃ at a temperature increasing speed of 1.10-1.25 ℃/h; when the temperature is higher than 28 ℃, the temperature of the dry ball is uniformly increased from room temperature to 35-36 ℃ at a temperature increasing speed of 0.9-1.1 ℃/hour.
In the step 1, when the proportion of the fully-cured and/or properly-cured tobacco leaves is more than 60 percent, uniformly raising the temperature of the dry balls to 41-42 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 0.10-0.13 ℃/hour;
when the ratio of the over-cured tobacco leaves is more than 60 percent, uniformly raising the temperature of the dry balls to 41-42 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 0.14-0.18 ℃/hour;
when the proportion of the primary cured tobacco leaves is more than 60 percent, the temperature of the dry balls is uniformly increased to 41-42 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.05-0.07 ℃/hour.
In the step 1, when the dry bulb temperature is raised to 41-42 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 34.5-35.5 ℃, and when the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer reaches 8-10 yellowing, the tobacco leaves directly enter a constant-speed temperature raising dry leaf stage; and after the tobacco leaves are baked for 4 to 6 hours at a stable temperature, when the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are not yellow to 8 degrees, prolonging the baking time at the stable temperature until the tobacco leaves are yellow to 8 degrees, and then entering a stage of drying the tobacco leaves at a constant temperature.
In the step 2, the temperature of the indoor dry bulb is uniformly raised from 41-42 ℃ to 49-50 ℃, the temperature of the wet bulb is raised from 34.5-35.5 ℃ to 37-38 ℃, and if the tobacco leaves become yellow and lose water quickly, the temperature raising rate is 1.5-2.0 ℃/h; if the yellowing speed of the tobacco leaves is slow, the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area are not yellow to 8 degrees, and the temperature rise rate is 0.33-0.40 ℃/hour when the tobacco leaves need to enter a leaf drying stage in advance; the rate of temperature rise in other cases is 0.50 ℃ to 1.00 ℃ per hour.
In the step 2, the temperature of a plurality of balls is raised to 64-65 ℃, the temperature of wet balls is adjusted to 38-39 ℃ and then the tobacco leaves are baked for 10-12 hours at a stable temperature, the temperature of stable dry balls is kept unchanged at 64-65 ℃ when the main veins of the partial tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area are not dried, the temperature of wet balls is lowered to 37-38 ℃, and then the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace are baked for 10-12 hours; or stabilizing the wet-bulb temperature at 38-39 ℃, increasing the dry-bulb temperature to 66-67 ℃, and then baking the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace for 10-12 hours in an extending way.
The tobacco loading mode of the tobacco leaves is as follows: 8-10 kg of tobacco leaves per rod, and the tobacco density is 45-55 kg/m3Wherein the density of the smoke filled in the high-temperature area is 4-6 kg/m more than that of the smoke filled in the low-temperature area3(ii) a The high temperature area is an area from an air outlet of the air flow descending type bulk curing barn to 1.4-1.6 m in the curing barn or from an air inlet of the air flow ascending type bulk curing barn to the curing barnAn area of 1.4-1.6 m in the room; the low-temperature area is an area from an air inlet of the air flow descending type bulk curing barn to 1.5m in the curing barn or an area from an air outlet of the air flow ascending type bulk curing barn to 1.5m in the curing barn.
The rotating speed of the low-speed fan is 880-1040 r/min, and the air quantity is 13000-17000m3The total pressure is 160-180 pa; the rotating speed of the high-speed fan is 1380-1520 r/min, and the air quantity is 21000-23000 m3The total pressure is 210-230 pa; the temperature and humidity monitoring points in the curing barn are positioned at the leaf tips of tobacco leaves in the bottom shed of the air-flow-rising curing barn or the leaf tips of tobacco leaves in the control ceiling of the air-flow-falling curing barn or the ceiling of the air-flow-falling curing barn.
The curing barn is an air-flow ascending or descending fuel-burning bulk curing barn or an electric heating bulk curing barn.
The tobacco leaves are the lower, middle or upper tobacco leaves of the cinnabar tobacco variety, and comprise any one or combination of more of primarily cured, properly cured, completely cured or over-cured tobacco leaves.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The collected Yunnan 87 cinnabar tobacco with proper maturity and completely mature tobacco leaves at the lower part and the middle part is tested, mixed and roasted at a Yuxi research and test base of a Yunnan tobacco agricultural science research institute, wherein the proper mature tobacco leaves are about 40 percent and the completely mature tobacco leaves are about 60 percent.
1. Preparing before baking: the curing barn used in the test is a coal gas flow ascending type bulk curing barn. The intensive curing barn for test baking is overhauled to ensure that a heat supply system and mechanical equipment run normally, a tobacco loading chamber and a wall body are intact, and temperature and humidity sensors are normal; the temperature and humidity sensor is hung on the ceiling of the curing barn and the bottom shed of the curing barn, and the temperature sensing head is positioned on the leaf apex by 5-10 cm.
2. Tobacco weaving and packaging: the density of the woven tobacco is 7 kg/rod, and the reasonable tobacco density is 49kg/m3The tobacco is uniformly woven and uniformly loaded into a curing barn, and the tobacco loading density of the low-temperature area of the curing barn is 46 kg/m3The density of the smoke in the high-temperature area is 52kg/m3。
3. And (3) uniform temperature rise yellowing baking stage: after the tobacco is woven, the tobacco is loaded and the door is closed, the circulating fan is started in time for 1 hour at a slow speed, then ignition heating or electric heating is carried out for heating, the temperature of dry balls in the curing barn is increased to 36 ℃ from natural temperature within 10 hours, and the temperature of wet balls in the wet barn is increased to 34 ℃; when the dry bulb temperature in the curing barn rises to 36 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature rises to 34 ℃, the dry bulb temperature in the curing barn rises to 42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature rises to 35 ℃ by using the heating time of 48 hours. When the temperature of the dry balls rises to 39 ℃ in the temperature rising process, the low-speed fan is converted into the high-speed fan, and the moisture removing capacity in the curing barn is improved. When the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is raised to 42 ℃ and the temperature of the wet bulb is raised to 35 ℃, the combination of the dry bulb and the wet bulb is maintained for 4 hours, the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the whole oven is seen to be 8-10 mature yellow, and the first-stage curing is finished.
4. And (3) a constant-speed heating dry leaf baking stage: when the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn rises to 42 ℃ and the temperature of the wet bulb rises to 35 ℃, and the combination of the dry humidity and the humidity is maintained for baking for 4 hours, the firepower is properly adjusted, the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is slowly raised from 42 ℃ to 50 ℃ within 12 hours, and the temperature of the wet bulb is slowly raised from 35 ℃ to 38 ℃; finely adjusting the firepower, namely increasing the temperature of dry pellets in a curing barn from 50 ℃ to 65 ℃ and increasing the temperature of wet pellets from 38 ℃ to 39 ℃ within 35 hours; and (3) converting the high-speed fan from a fast speed gear to a low speed gear, maintaining the temperature and humidity combination for 10 hours, then timely observing the drying condition of the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area in the curing barn, when a small amount of main veins of the tobacco leaves are not dried, stabilizing the temperature of a dry bulb in the curing barn to 65 ℃, reducing the temperature of the wet bulb from 39 ℃ to 37 ℃, after the curing is delayed for 6 hours, drying the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the whole oven, and ending the tobacco leaf curing test work in the stage.
Example 2
The mixed roasting test of the primarily-ripe and proper-ripe tobacco leaves on the upper part of a Yunnan 87 cinnabar tobacco transported from Chengjiang city is carried out in a test base of Yunnan tobacco leaf agricultural science research institute, wherein the primarily-ripe tobacco leaves account for 85 percent, and the proper-ripe tobacco leaves account for 15 percent.
1. Preparing before baking: the curing barn used for the test is an electric heating airflow descending type bulk curing barn. The intensive curing barn for test baking is overhauled, so that a heat supply system and mechanical equipment are ensured to operate normally, a tobacco loading chamber and a wall body are intact, and temperature and humidity sensors are normal. Two temperature and humidity sensors are used. One is hung on the top layer of the curing barn and the other is hung on the bottom layer of the curing barn. The temperature sensing head is positioned at a position 5-10cm away from the blade tip.
2. Tobacco weaving and packaging: the density of the woven tobacco is 6.5 kg/rod, and the reasonable tobacco density is 47 kg/m3The tobacco density in the low-temperature area of the curing barn is 45 kg/m3The smoke density in the high temperature region is 49kg/m3。
3. Constant temperature rise and yellowing stage
After the tobacco is woven, the tobacco is loaded and the door is closed, the circulating fan is started in time for 1 hour at a slow speed, then ignition heating or electric heating is carried out for heating, the temperature of dry balls in the curing barn is increased to 35 ℃ from natural temperature within 10 hours, and the temperature of wet balls in the wet barn is increased to 34 ℃; and then the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is increased to 41 ℃ at a constant speed and the temperature of the wet bulb is increased to 35.5 ℃ within 72 hours of temperature rise time. When the temperature of the dry balls rises to 39 ℃ in the temperature rising process, the low-speed fan is converted into the high-speed fan, and the moisture removing capacity in the curing barn is improved. When the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is raised to 41 ℃ and the temperature of the wet bulb is raised to 35.5 ℃, after the combination of the dry humidity and the wet humidity is stabilized for 10 hours, the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace is observed in time and is only 7 to yellow, and in order to enable the yellowing of the tobacco leaves to reach the target requirement, the curing time is prolonged for 6 hours, the yellowing of the tobacco leaves is 8 to yellow, and the curing in the stage is finished.
4. Baking stage of dry leaves with uniform temperature rise
Slowly raising the temperature of the dry balls in the baking room from 41 ℃ to 49 ℃ and slowly raising the humidity from 35.5 ℃ to 37 ℃ within 16 hours; then the temperature of the dry balls in the curing barn is increased from 49 ℃ to 64 ℃ within 30 hours; when the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn rises to 64 ℃ and the wet temperature rises to 38 ℃, the temperature and humidity combination is maintained for 10 hours, the drying condition of the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area is observed, a small amount of main vein of the tobacco leaves is found to be not dried, the wet temperature is stabilized to 38 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is raised to 65 ℃ by coordinating with electric power, after the curing is delayed for 12 hours, the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the whole oven is dried, and the tobacco leaf curing is finished.
And (3) comparison test: the tobacco leaf quality of the baking method of the invention is compared with the tobacco leaf quality of the traditional three-section type baking method
The tobacco leaves harvested in the embodiments 1 and 2 are respectively roasted by a conventional roasting method, and the obtained flue-cured tobaccos are respectively called a control group 1 and a control group 2. Examples 1-2 the tobacco leaves obtained by curing correspond to test groups 1-2.
Quality of tobacco leaves after baking and quality of tobacco leaves after baking of the tobacco leaf chemical composition test example are compared (test results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3).
TABLE 1 comparison of appearance and quality of tobacco leaves after baking by different baking processes
TABLE 2 comparison of chemical compositions of tobacco leaves after different baking processes
TABLE 3 sensory evaluation and comparison of tobacco leaves baked by different baking processes
The cinnabar tobacco leaves baked by the method have high proportion: compared with the traditional process, the red tobacco leaf ratio of the cinnabar is 9.32 percent higher than that of the traditional process (contrast), the micro-green tobacco ratio is reduced by 21.05 percent, the mildy head tobacco is reduced by 4.52 percent, the first-class tobacco ratio is improved by 12.95 percent, and the upper-medium ratio is increased by 18.50 percent.
The chemical components of the tobacco leaves after being baked by the method are more coordinated: compared with the traditional process, the total sugar of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is reduced by 0.27 percent, the reducing sugar is added by 1.10 percent, the total nicotine content is reduced by 0.02 percent, the nicotine reducing content is increased by 3.24 percent, the Moslem is improved by 74.25 ug/g, and the neonicotine is increased by 13.09 ug/g.
The style of the tobacco, cinnabar and smoke after being cured by the method of the invention is more prominent: compared with the traditional process, the flue-cured tobacco leaves have mellow tobacco aroma, prominent sticky rice aroma, sweet and sweet fusion, softness, fineness, elegance, fineness, comfort, joyful feeling, unique flavor and long aftertaste aroma; the sensory evaluation score was 5.75 points higher than the control.
Claims (10)
1. The two-section type dense baking process for revealing the style of cinnabar smoke is characterized by comprising two stages of uniform temperature rise and yellowing and uniform temperature rise and dry leaves, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) constant temperature rising and yellowing stage
After the fan runs for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at a low speed, igniting or starting electric heating, uniformly raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 35 to 36 ℃ from the room temperature at a constant speed at a temperature rise rate of 0.9 to 1.25 ℃/hour, and adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 34 to 35 ℃ from the room temperature; then raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 41-42 ℃ at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.05-0.18 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet bulb to 34.5-35.5 ℃, baking the tobacco leaves in the high temperature layer to be 8-10 yellow, and entering a constant temperature raising and dry leaf stage;
wherein, when the temperature of the dry balls is increased to 39-40 ℃, the fan runs at a high speed;
(2) constant temperature rising and leaf drying stage
Raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 49-50 ℃ at a constant speed at a temperature raising rate of 0.33-2.00 ℃/hour, and raising the temperature of the wet bulb to 37-38 ℃; then the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased to 64-65 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.42-0.63 ℃/hour, and the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 38-39 ℃; and then the circulating fan is switched to a low speed gear, the tobacco leaves are baked at a stable temperature until the main veins of the whole furnace are baked, and the baking is finished.
2. The two-stage dense baking process revealing a cinnabar style according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), when the initial temperature in the baking room is lower than 28 ℃, the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased from room temperature to 35-36 ℃ at a temperature increasing speed of 1.10-1.25 ℃/hour; when the temperature is higher than 28 ℃, the temperature of the dry ball is uniformly increased from room temperature to 35-36 ℃ at a temperature increasing speed of 0.9-1.1 ℃/hour.
3. The two-stage dense baking process revealing a cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), when the proportion of the completely cured and/or properly cured tobacco leaves is more than 60%, the temperature of the dry bulb is uniformly increased to 41-42 ℃ at a temperature increasing rate of 0.10-0.13 ℃/hour;
when the ratio of the over-cured tobacco leaves is more than 60 percent, uniformly raising the temperature of the dry balls to 41-42 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 0.14-0.18 ℃/hour;
when the proportion of the primary cured tobacco leaves is more than 60 percent, the temperature of the dry balls is uniformly increased to 41-42 ℃ at the heating rate of 0.05-0.07 ℃/hour.
4. The two-stage dense baking process revealing the cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), when the dry bulb temperature is increased to 41-42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 34.5-35.5 ℃, the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer become yellow 8-10, and the process directly enters a dry leaf stage with uniform temperature rise; and after the tobacco leaves are baked for 4 to 6 hours at a stable temperature, when the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are not yellow to 8 degrees, prolonging the baking time at the stable temperature until the tobacco leaves are yellow to 8 degrees, and then entering a stage of drying the tobacco leaves at a constant temperature.
5. The two-stage dense baking process revealing the cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the indoor dry bulb is uniformly raised from 41 ℃ to 42 ℃ to 49 ℃ to 50 ℃ and the temperature of the wet bulb is raised from 34.5 ℃ to 35.5 ℃ to 37 ℃ to 38 ℃, and if the tobacco leaves turn yellow and lose water quickly, the raising rate is 1.5 ℃ to 2.0 ℃/h; if the yellowing speed of the tobacco leaves is slow, the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area are not yellow to 8 degrees, and the temperature rise rate is 0.33-0.40 ℃/hour when the tobacco leaves need to enter a leaf drying stage in advance; the rate of temperature rise in other cases is 0.50 ℃ to 1.00 ℃ per hour.
6. The two-stage dense baking process revealing the cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of a plurality of balls is raised to 64-65 ℃, the temperature of a wet ball is adjusted to 38-39 ℃ and then the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area is baked for 10-12 hours at a stable temperature, the temperature of the stable dry ball is not changed from 64-65 ℃ when the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature area is not dried, the temperature of the wet ball is reduced to 37-38 ℃, and then the main vein of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace is baked for 10-12 hours in a prolonged way; or stabilizing the wet-bulb temperature at 38-39 ℃, increasing the dry-bulb temperature to 66-67 ℃, and then baking the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace for 10-12 hours in an extending way.
7. The two-stage type intensive baking process revealing the cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaf is loaded in a mode of: 8-10 kg of tobacco leaves are put in each tobacco rod, the tobacco density is 45-55 kg/m3, and the tobacco density in a high-temperature area is 4-6 kg/m3 more than that in a low-temperature area; the high-temperature area is an area from an air outlet of the air-flow descending type bulk curing barn to 1.4-1.6 m in the curing barn or an area from an air inlet of the air-flow ascending type bulk curing barn to 1.4-1.6 m in the curing barn; the low-temperature area is an area from an air inlet of the air flow descending type bulk curing barn to 1.5m in the curing barn or an area from an air outlet of the air flow ascending type bulk curing barn to 1.5m in the curing barn.
8. The two-stage type dense baking process revealing the cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein the rotating speed of the fan in low-speed operation is 880-1040 r/min, and the air volume is 13000-17000m3The total pressure is 160-180 pa; the rotating speed of the high-speed operation of the fan is 1380-1520 r/min, and the air quantity is 21000-23000 m3The total pressure is 210-230 pa; the temperature and humidity monitoring points in the curing barn are positioned at the leaf tips of tobacco leaves in the bottom shed of the air-flow-rising curing barn or the leaf tips of tobacco leaves in the control ceiling of the air-flow-falling curing barn or the ceiling of the air-flow-falling curing barn.
9. The two-stage type bulk curing process revealing a cinnabar smoke style according to claim 2, wherein the curing barn is an air-flow ascending or descending fuel-fired bulk curing barn or an electric heating bulk curing barn.
10. The two-stage dense baking process revealing a cinnabar smoke style according to claim 1, wherein the baked tobacco leaves are lower, middle or upper tobacco leaves of a cinnabar smoke variety tobacco strain, and the tobacco leaves comprise any one or a combination of more of primarily-cured, properly-cured, completely-cured or over-cured tobacco leaves.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| US4241515A (en) * | 1971-01-27 | 1980-12-30 | Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for conditioning tobacco |
| RU2306067C1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-20 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method for producing of exploded tobacco vein |
| CN103815535B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-30 | 江西省烟叶科学研究所 | A kind of rainy cigarette district bulk curing barn picking and roasting method |
| CN105831791B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-11-07 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | A kind of intensive baking process of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN107594607B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-11-12 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco dense drying method that steady temperature drop is wet |
| CN108477661A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-09-04 | 黔南州烟草公司平塘县分公司 | A kind of air-flow reverse circulation moisturizing flavescence baking process improving quality of tobacco |
| CN111493352B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-03-25 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Peduncle-removing baking method capable of effectively reducing characteristic attenuation of smoke fragrance of cinnabar |
| CN111493351B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-03-25 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco baking method for improving cinnabar smoke proportion in tobacco leaves at middle and lower parts of tobacco plant |
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