CN111671127A - Tobacco leaf blending method for improving cinnabar tobacco leaf proportion - Google Patents
Tobacco leaf blending method for improving cinnabar tobacco leaf proportion Download PDFInfo
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- CN111671127A CN111671127A CN202010553370.3A CN202010553370A CN111671127A CN 111671127 A CN111671127 A CN 111671127A CN 202010553370 A CN202010553370 A CN 202010553370A CN 111671127 A CN111671127 A CN 111671127A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the ratio of cinnabar to tobacco leaves, which is realized by increasing the blending time at the stage of 42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature at the stage of 66 ℃. By increasing the modulation time at the 42 ℃ stage, the metabolic conversion of nicotine to demethylated nicotine can be improved, and the generation of red chemical substances in the tobacco leaves is increased; the wet bulb temperature at the 66 ℃ stage is increased, so that the color of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is darker; the curing cost is saved by shortening the curing time at the stage of 62 ℃ and reducing the use of a high-speed circulating fan, the high-speed circulating fan is only used in the fixation period in the curing process of the tobacco leaves, and the low-speed fan is used in the rest periods, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the curing cost is saved. Compared with the conventional preparation method, the method has the advantages that the baking cost per kilogram of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan, the cost per furnace of tobacco leaves is reduced by 166.50 yuan, the proportion of middle-grade and high-grade tobaccos is increased by 4.71%, the proportion of baked cinnabar tobacco leaves is increased by 7.34%, and the average price is increased by 1.86 yuan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking and blending, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves.
Background
The cinnabar tobacco is a special-flavor style tobacco which exists for a long time in Yunnan tobacco production, has the advantages of developing tobacco raw materials of high-end brands of Chinese cigarettes, continuously digs and submerges the characteristics of 'sweet and fragrant' style of Yunnan tobacco in order to deeply follow implementation opinions of high-quality development of the implementation industry, support a plurality of policy measures of high-quality development of the tobacco industry and decision arrangement of commercial high-quality development of Yunnan tobacco in Yunnan province, further grope the forming mechanism of cinnabar tobacco and technical measures of field production, explore and establish product quality and redrying processing standards, and finally form a new industrial development direction led from seeds to regular chain innovation of cigarette products.
The cinnabar smoke exists all the time, is self-cutting in folks, is used as the cut tobacco of a hookah, and is not tasted in high-end cigarette raw materials. The main problems of cinnabar smoke are instability, absence and presence at times and low yield. Aiming at the special flavor type tobacco leaves of the cinnabar and the urgent need of cigarette raw materials, the development of the cinnabar is imperative, and the tobacco leaf modulation is the standard for judging the cinnabar from the appearance.
In terms of modulation, the reason for the generation of the cinnabar is caused by the prolongation of the yellowing time of the tobacco leaf modulation, the CYP82E4 gene of the fresh tobacco leaf (figure 1) is induced by the environment to convert the nicotine in the tobacco leaf into the metabolic conversion of the nicotine into the nornicotine, and the nornicotine and the quinine substances react to generate red substances during the baking process, thereby showing the characteristic of cinnabar, which is shown in figure 2.
In order to improve the proportion of the cinnabar smoke, the invention provides a tobacco leaf conditioning method capable of producing stable and high-quality cinnabar smoke from a conditioning method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves.
The invention aims to realize the tobacco leaf blending method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 34-36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to 33-35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry pellets and the wet pellets, and regulating the temperature to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf apex to be yellow by 2-5 cm at a stable temperature;
2) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% of the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer in a stable manner;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until all tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer turn yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after all the tobacco leaves turn yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 47-49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 36-38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried;
the invention improves the ratio of the cinnabar to the smoke by increasing the modulation time at the stage of 42 ℃ and the wet bulb temperature at the stage of 66 ℃: the modulation time at the 42 ℃ stage is increased, the yellowing time is prolonged, the CYP82E4 gene expression is induced, the metabolic conversion of nicotine to demethylnicotine is promoted, and demethylnicotine and quinone substances further react, so that the generation of red substances is increased, and the cinnabar characteristic of the tobacco leaves is caused to appear; the wet bulb temperature of the 66 ℃ stage is increased from the conventional temperature of 38-39 ℃ to 42 ℃, so that the color of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is darker; in addition, the curing cost is saved by shortening the curing time at the stage of 62 ℃ and reducing the use of a high-speed circulating fan, the high-speed circulating fan is only used in the fixation period in the curing process of the tobacco leaves, and the low-speed fan is used in the rest periods, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the curing cost is saved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tobacco leaf blending method for improving the ratio of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, provided by the invention, is multi-stage accurate blending, and compared with the traditional blending method, the tobacco leaf blending method adopts a baking strategy of reducing one and increasing two, so that the blending at the 62 ℃ stage is reduced, the blending time at the 42 ℃ stage is increased, the wet bulb temperature at the 66 ℃ stage is increased, the ratio of middle and high-grade tobacco leaves and cinnabar tobacco leaves is greatly improved, and the baking cost is saved. Compared with the conventional preparation method, the method has the advantages that the baking cost per kilogram of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan, the cost per furnace of tobacco leaves is reduced by 166.50 yuan, the proportion of middle-grade and high-grade tobaccos is increased by 4.71%, the proportion of baked cinnabar tobacco leaves is increased by 7.34%, and the average price is increased by 1.86 yuan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a field fresh tobacco leaf map;
FIG. 2 is a cinnabar tobacco leaf map.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a tobacco leaf modulating method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves, which comprises the steps of controlling the temperature and modulating time of dry and wet balls in each stage and observing the change condition of the tobacco leaves in each stage, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 34-36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to 33-35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry pellets and the wet pellets, and regulating the temperature to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf apex to be yellow by 2-5 cm at a stable temperature;
2) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% of the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer in a stable manner;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until all tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer turn yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after all the tobacco leaves turn yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 47-49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 36-38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried;
wherein the circulating fan used in the step 4-5 is a high-speed fan;
and (4) the circulating fans used in the steps 1-3 and the step 6 are low-speed fans.
The rotating speed of the high-speed fan is 1300-1580 r/min, and the rotating speed of the low-speed fan is 840-1080 r/min.
The tobacco leaves are flue-cured tobacco leaves.
The maturity of the tobacco leaves is proper maturity or mature.
The tobacco leaf modulation method can be applied to both a bulk curing barn and a common curing barn.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
Picking and grinding Honghua Dajinyuan ripe tobacco leaves in a bulk curing barn for curing, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 34 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 33 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 2cm in a stable manner;
2) raising the dry bulb temperature to 37 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 34 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 75%;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 41 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the dry bulb temperature to 47 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves to dry at a stable temperature;
5) raising the dry bulb temperature to 52 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 64 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried.
Example 2
Picking and grinding and Zhenyun 87 ripe tobacco leaves in a common curing barn for curing, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to 35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 4cm in a stable manner;
2) raising the dry bulb temperature to 39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 80% of yellowing of tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer at a stable temperature;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until all the yellow tobacco leaves of the low-temperature layer become yellow, prolonging the baking time for 9h, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the dry bulb temperature to 49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves to dry at a stable temperature;
5) raising the dry bulb temperature to 54 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) raising the temperature of the dry bulb to 66 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet bulb to be 42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried.
Example 3
Picking up K326 mature tobacco leaves in the Ming and Zhen town to be cured in a bulk curing barn, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the dry bulb temperature to 35 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 34 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry bulb and the wet bulb, and regulating the temperature to the state that the leaf tips of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 5cm in a stable manner;
2) raising the dry bulb temperature to 38 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer turn yellow by 85%;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 42 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 36 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until the tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer are all yellow, prolonging the baking time for 12h after the tobacco leaves are all yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 48 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 37 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) raising the dry bulb temperature to 56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried;
6) raising the dry bulb temperature to 68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 31 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried;
in the embodiment 1-3, the circulating fans used in the step 4-5 are high-speed fans with the rotating speed of 1300 r/min, and the circulating fans used in the step 1-3 and the step 6 are low-speed fans with the rotating speed of 840 r/min.
Comparative example 1
The test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises processing A and B, wherein the tobacco leaves in the A and B are mature Honghua Dajinyuan tobacco leaves picked at the same place and time in Yuxi research and town, and are all modulated by a bulk curing barn, the processing A is modulated by the tobacco leaf modulation method provided by the invention, the processing B is modulated (CK) by the traditional modulation process, the cost and the economic character of each process are measured after modulation is finished,
as a result:
1. effect of different modulation Processes on baking cost
TABLE 1 Effect of different modulation Processes on baking cost
Note: the test tobacco leaves are the tobacco leaves at the middle upper part, and the test results of the 3 furnaces are obtained by averaging.
As can be seen from Table 1, the curing cost of the tobacco prepared by the preparation method of the invention is 3.68 yuan/kg of dry tobacco, and the curing cost of each kg of dry tobacco is reduced by 0.37 yuan compared with that of the control group of 4.06 yuan/kg of dry tobacco. Calculated by 500.00 kg of dry tobacco in each furnace, the cost of tobacco leaves in each furnace is reduced by 189.00 yuan.
2. Influence of different modulation processes on economic character of tobacco leaf
TABLE 2 influence of different modulation methods on economic properties of tobacco leaves
As can be seen from Table 2, by adopting the preparation method of the invention, the middle-first-class tobacco ratio is 89.90%, the comparison is 85.19%, the middle-first-class tobacco ratio is increased by 4.71%, the ratio of the flue-cured cinnabar tobacco is increased by 7.34%, and the average price is increased by 1.86 yuan.
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the conventional blending, the tobacco leaf blending method provided by the invention improves the proportion of middle-grade and high-grade smoke and cinnabar smoke, saves the baking cost, increases the income of tobacco growers, and is worthy of further popularization and application.
Claims (8)
1. A tobacco leaf modulation method for improving the proportion of cinnabar tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) after ignition, raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 34-36 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to 33-35 ℃, keeping the temperature of the dry pellets and the wet pellets, and regulating the temperature to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf apex to be yellow by 2-5 cm at a stable temperature;
2) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 37-39 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 34-36 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be 75-85% of the yellowing of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer in a stable manner;
3) raising the dry bulb temperature to 41-43 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the wet bulb temperature to be 35-37 ℃, regulating the temperature to be stable until all tobacco leaves on the low-temperature layer turn yellow, prolonging the baking time for 6-12h after all the tobacco leaves turn yellow, and then entering the next stage;
4) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 47-49 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 36-38 ℃, and regulating the temperature to the high-temperature layer tobacco leaves for drying;
5) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 52-56 ℃ at the average speed of 2 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 37-39 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the leaves of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves are dried;
6) and raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 64-68 ℃ at the average speed of 1 ℃/h, controlling the temperature of the wet pellets to be 39-42 ℃, and regulating the temperature to be stable until the main vein of the low-temperature tobacco leaves is dried.
2. The tobacco leaf curing method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the circulating fans used in the steps 1-3 and 6 are low-speed fans.
3. The tobacco leaf conditioning method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating speed of the low-speed fan is 840-1080 r/min.
4. The tobacco leaf curing method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the circulating fan used in the steps 4-5 is a high-speed fan.
5. The tobacco leaf conditioning method for improving the proportion of the vermilion tobacco leaves according to the claim 1 or 4, wherein the rotating speed of the high-speed fan is 1300-1580 r/min.
6. The tobacco leaf conditioning method for increasing the proportion of Cinnabaris tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaf is flue-cured tobacco leaf.
7. The tobacco leaf curing method for improving the proportion of Cinnabaris tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the maturity of the tobacco leaves is proper or mature.
8. The tobacco leaf curing method for improving the proportion of the cinnabar tobacco leaves, which is disclosed by claim 1, is applied to a bulk curing barn or a common curing barn.
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| CN115969075A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 | Preparation method of cinnabar tobacco style reconstituted tobacco |
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