CN111657080A - Planting method of selenium-rich rice - Google Patents
Planting method of selenium-rich rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN111657080A CN111657080A CN202010548797.4A CN202010548797A CN111657080A CN 111657080 A CN111657080 A CN 111657080A CN 202010548797 A CN202010548797 A CN 202010548797A CN 111657080 A CN111657080 A CN 111657080A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B71/00—Construction or arrangement of setting or adjusting mechanisms, of implement or tool drive or of power take-off; Means for protecting parts against dust, or the like; Adapting machine elements to or for agricultural purposes
- A01B71/08—Means for protecting against dust, or the like, or for cleaning agricultural implements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly discloses a planting method of selenium-rich rice, which comprises the steps of treating a rice field, paving a layer of mixed manure on the soil surface of the rice field, wherein the mixed manure per mu of the rice field is 400-500kg, refining the soil of the rice field to uniformly mix the soil and the mixed manure, wherein the soil refining thickness is 15-25cm, and then irrigating the rice field; detecting selenium element, namely refining the soil of the rice field for the second time through reciprocating motion of a rice field leveling device in the rice field, and detecting the content of the selenium element in the soil of the rice field, wherein the content of the selenium element in the soil per mu is up to 420 mu g +/-30 mu g, and the content of the selenium element is lower than 420 mu g +/-30 mu g per mu, and then supplementing and spraying selenium-rich nutrient; the seedling transplanting machine can evenly transplant tea seedlings and replanting seedlings in a manual or mechanical mode, and the transplanting quantity per mu is 23 thousands of seedlings. The paddy field leveling device has a stirring effect on soil, is beneficial to uniform distribution of selenium in a paddy field, and simultaneously detects the content of the selenium in the soil, so that partial high or low selenium in the paddy field is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planting method of selenium-rich rice.
Background
The selenium-rich rice retains all the nutrients of common rice, and has the functions of resisting cancer, preventing cancer, protecting heart, delaying senility, resisting oxidation, eliminating free radicals, raising immunity, etc. The selenium-rich rice has special health care function and selenium is a mineral trace element necessary for human bodies, and the quality of life of people is improved, so the selenium-rich rice is developed rapidly in recent years, the market price of the selenium-rich rice is high, large-area planting is beneficial to improving the economic benefit of a grower, and a reasonable planting method is beneficial to improving the yield of rice and improving the selenium content of the rice, so that the market competitiveness is improved, and the economic benefit of the grower is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method of selenium-rich rice, which is used for ensuring the yield and quality of the produced selenium-rich rice by uniformly distributing selenium in rice field soil.
The planting method of the selenium-rich rice comprises the following steps:
step (1): the method comprises the steps of (1) rice field treatment, paving a layer of mixed manure on the soil surface of a rice field, wherein the mixed manure per mu of the rice field is 400-500kg, thinning the soil of the rice field to uniformly mix the soil and the mixed manure, wherein the thinning thickness of the soil is 15-25cm, and then irrigating the rice field to enable the water content of the soil to reach saturation degree and then continuously irrigating to form a 3-5cm shallow water layer;
step (2): selenium element detection, secondary refining of soil and detection of the content of selenium element in the soil of the rice field, wherein the content of selenium element in the soil per mu is 420 mu g +/-30 mu g, and the content of selenium element is lower than 420 mu g +/-30 mu g per mu, and then selenium-rich nutrient is sprayed;
and (3): tea seedlings and seedling supplement are carried out on the rice transplanter in an artificial or mechanical mode, the number of seedlings transplanted per mu is 23 thousands, seedling checking and seedling supplement are carried out in the field 7 days after the seedling transplantation is finished, the seedlings which do not survive are pulled out, and new seedlings are transplanted;
in the selenium element detection step (2), a paddy field leveling device is adopted to carry out secondary refining on paddy field soil, the paddy field leveling device comprises a leveling frame and a traveling mechanism for driving the leveling frame to move, a plurality of barbed nails extending downwards are arranged on the bottom surface of the leveling frame, and the length of the barbed nails is 15-20 cm; a water flow channel is arranged in the leveling frame, the water flow channel is arranged along the walking direction of the leveling frame, the water flow channel is sequentially provided with an inlet end, a throat part and an outlet end from front to back along the walking direction of the leveling frame, and the cross sectional area of the throat part is smaller than that of the inlet end and the outlet end; a water suction pipe communicated with a water flow channel is arranged at the throat part, the end part of the water suction pipe extends to the rear part of the leveling frame, the port of the water suction pipe faces the front part, the middle section of the water suction pipe is a U-shaped section, the bottom of the U-shaped section is connected with a control switch, the control switch is connected with a sampler, and a water flow detection mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the control switch is arranged in the outlet end of the water flow channel; an impeller is arranged in the inlet end of the water flow channel, driven wheels which are rotatably connected with the leveling frame are arranged on the left side and the right side of the leveling frame, and rotating shafts of the driven wheels are connected with the impeller through a speed increasing mechanism; the speed increasing mechanism comprises a driving gear connected with a rotating shaft key of the driven wheel and a driven gear fixed with a rotating shaft of the impeller, and when the driven wheel rotates, the driving gear can periodically reciprocate on the rotating shaft of the driven wheel;
and (3) in the step (2), the soil in the rice field is refined for the second time through the reciprocating motion of the rice field leveling device in the rice field, after the soil is refined for the second time, muddy water in the rice field is collected in the sampler, and the selenium content in the soil is determined by determining the muddy water in the sampler.
The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in:
(1) in the step (2), during the process of carrying out secondary refining on the soil, simultaneously sampling muddy water in the soil; the muddy water samples at each place in the rice field can be obtained by adopting the muddy water at intervals in the advancing process of the rice field leveling device, and then the muddy water samples are analyzed, so that the analysis of the average selenium content in the rice field soil is facilitated, the selenium content in the soil is controlled to be 420 mu g +/-30 mu g, and the selenium-enriched rice is cultivated.
(2) In the process of secondary refining, the rice field leveling device also has a stirring effect on soil in the rice field, so that selenium in the rice field is uniformly distributed, and partial high or low selenium in the rice field is avoided.
(3) In the process of collecting muddy water in soil, the soil is secondarily refined, and the selenium element in the soil can enter the muddy water under the stirring effect of the secondary refining on the soil, so that the detection precision of the content of the selenium element in the soil can be improved.
The first preferred scheme is as follows: as the further optimization to the basic scheme, paddy field leveling device's entrance point is equipped with the filter screen, the front end of leveling frame is rotated and is connected with the reciprocal lead screw with the pivot parallel arrangement of driven wheel, and reciprocal lead screw passes through intermeshing's gear connection with the pivot of driven wheel, is connected with the slider on the reciprocal lead screw, is equipped with the bayonet socket on the slider, and the driving gear block is in the bayonet socket, and is fixed with the brush that offsets with the filter screen on the slider.
In the first preferred scheme, the filter screen is arranged at the inlet end, so that the soil can be prevented from entering the water flow channel; when the flattening frame moved forward, the follower will rotate with the friction in-process of soil, and the reciprocal lead screw will rotate simultaneously and drive the slider along the axial reciprocating sliding of reciprocal lead screw to the brush will be for the filter screen reciprocating sliding, with the brush remove the soil that adsorbs on the filter screen, make muddy water can normally pass through the filter screen and get into the rivers passageway in.
The preferred scheme II is as follows: as a further optimization of the first preferred embodiment, the water flow detection mechanism comprises a spoiler hinged to the side wall of the outlet end at the upper side, and the spoiler faces the throat part, and the opening and closing of the switch is controlled by the swinging of the spoiler. When the slider slides relative to the reciprocating screw rod, the slider can simultaneously drive the driving gear to periodically move, so that the driving gear and the driven gear are periodically meshed, the impeller rotates at intervals, the impeller rotates to promote the impeller to enter the throat part so as to accelerate the flow of the throat part, meanwhile, the water suction pipe sucks water, the flow in the outlet end is increased, the flow speed is accelerated, the spoiler is pushed to turn over at the moment so as to open the control switch, and muddy water can be sampled.
The preferable scheme is three: as a further optimization of the second preferred embodiment, the control switch comprises a cylinder and a piston arranged in the cylinder; a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are connected to the cylinder body, a liquid inlet one-way valve is arranged in the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe extends to the bottom of the U-shaped section, a liquid outlet one-way valve is arranged in the liquid outlet pipe, and the spoiler swings to control the axial reciprocating motion of the piston relative to the cylinder body; the sampler is including setting up the endless belt at flattening frame top, and the follower rotates and will drive the endless belt and rotate, and the endless belt surface towards the top is equipped with a plurality of silos, and the tip of fluid-discharge tube is relative with the upper surface of endless belt.
In the preferable scheme III, in the moving process of the leveling frame, the annular belts are driven to run simultaneously, so that muddy water samples discharged from the liquid discharge pipe in a clearance mode fall into the material grooves; because the muddy water samples are not mixed, the selenium content in the soil can be conveniently analyzed, and the soil can be conveniently treated in the later period, so that the selenium content in the soil is balanced.
The preferable scheme is four: preferably, the tail of the leveling frame is provided with a wedge-shaped scarifier, the wedge surface of the scarifier faces the front, and the end of the water suction pipe is arranged behind the scarifier. In the process of operation of the leveling frame, the scarifier at the tail of the leveling frame can discharge soil, and the end part of the water suction pipe is arranged at the rear part of the scarifier, so that soil can be prevented from entering the water suction pipe.
The preferable scheme is five: as a further optimization of the preferable scheme four, in the step (2), after the selenium-rich nutrient is additionally sprayed in the rice field, the soil is refined for the second time until the content of the selenium element in each mu of soil reaches 420 +/-30 mu g; thereby being beneficial to the balance of the selenium element content in the soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rice field leveling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a right side view of the ripper.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a leveling frame 10, an inlet end 21, a throat part 22, an outlet end 23, a speed-increasing gear 31, an intermediate gear 32, a reciprocating screw rod 33, a sliding block 34, a bayonet 341, a brush 342, a filter screen 35, a driven wheel 40, a barbed nail 50, an annular belt 60, a cover body 61, a trough 62, a water suction pipe 70, a U-shaped section 71, a control switch 80, a spoiler 81, a cylinder 82, a liquid inlet check valve 83, a liquid discharge check valve 84, a piston 85, a scarifier 90 and an opening 91.
The planting method of the selenium-rich rice needs to adopt the rice field leveling device to treat the rice field soil, the rice field leveling device comprises the leveling frame 10 and a traveling mechanism driving the leveling frame 10 to move, and the traveling mechanism adopts a common traction structure of agricultural machinery and is used for dragging the leveling frame 10 to move. As shown in fig. 1, the flatbed 10 is provided at the bottom thereof with a plurality of spikes 50 extending downward, the spikes 50 having a length of 15cm, the spikes 50 having upper ends welded to the ground of the flatbed 10 and lower ends of the spikes 50 being formed in a sharp spike shape so as to be inserted into the soil.
A water inlet cavity and a water flow channel are arranged inside the leveling frame 10, the water inlet cavity is arranged at the front end of the leveling frame 10, and the water flow channel is communicated with the water inlet cavity; the front end cover of the leveling frame 10 is provided with a filter screen 35, and the filter screen 35 is used for preventing soil from entering the water inlet cavity. The two water flow channels are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the leveling frame 10; the water flow channel sequentially comprises an inlet end 21, a throat part 22 and an outlet end 23 from front to back, the cross-sectional area of the throat part 22 is smaller than that of the inlet end 21 and the outlet end 23, and therefore the water flow channel forms a Venturi tube structure; the outlet end 23 has a port at the rear end of the frame 10, and the opposite side walls of the inlet ends 21 of the two water flow channels are provided with water inlets, and the water flow channels are communicated with the water inlet chamber through the water inlets, and the cross-sectional area of the water inlets is larger than that of the throat 22.
The water inlet is provided with an impeller which is in an impeller structure of a centrifugal fan, the two impellers are fixedly connected through a first rotating shaft, and water in the water inlet cavity is accelerated to enter the inlet end 21 by the rotation of the impellers. The left side and the right side of the leveling frame 10 are provided with driven wheels 40, the two driven wheels 40 are fixed through a second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is connected with the first rotating shaft through a speed increasing mechanism; the speed increasing mechanism comprises a speed increasing gear 31 connected to the second rotating shaft through a spline, an output gear fixed in the middle of the first rotating shaft and a middle rotating shaft arranged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft; the intermediate rotating shaft is fixed with the leveling frame 10, and an intermediate gear 32 meshed with the output gear is rotatably connected to the intermediate rotating shaft. The speed-increasing gear 31 can be engaged with the intermediate gear 32 by sliding the speed-increasing gear 31 to the middle of the second rotation shaft; at this time, the second rotating shaft drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft is increased relative to the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft through the transmission of the speed increasing gear 31, the intermediate gear 32 and the output gear, so that the speed increasing effect is achieved. And the speed increasing gear 31 is slid away from the middle part of the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft can not drive the first rotating shaft to rotate any more. Therefore, the impeller can be rotated intermittently by sliding the speed increasing gear 31 on the second rotation shaft in a reciprocating manner.
A reciprocating lead screw 33 is further arranged in front of the second rotating shaft, the reciprocating lead screw 33 is rotatably connected with the leveling frame 10, a sliding block 34 is arranged on the reciprocating lead screw 33, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the sliding block 34 are respectively in sliding connection with the upper surface and the lower surface of the water inlet cavity, so that the sliding block 34 can only axially slide relative to the reciprocating lead screw 33; the two ends of the reciprocating lead screw 33 and the second rotating shaft are provided with gears which are meshed with each other, so that when the second rotating shaft rotates, the second rotating shaft drives the reciprocating lead screw 33 to rotate, and the reciprocating lead screw 33 rotates to drive the sliding block 34 to reciprocate in the axial direction of the reciprocating lead screw 33. The front end of the sliding block 34 is fixed with a brush 342, the brush 342 abuts against the filter screen 35, and the brush 342 can brush away soil on the filter screen 35 relative to the filter screen 35 in a reciprocating motion manner so as to avoid blockage of the filter screen 35. The end of the sliding block 34 is further provided with a bayonet 341, and the speed increasing gear 31 extends into the bayonet 341, so that in the reciprocating process of the sliding block 34, the sliding block 34 drives the speed increasing gear 31 to slide in a reciprocating manner on the second rotating shaft, so that the impeller rotates intermittently.
The throat part 22 is provided with a water suction pipe 70 communicated with the water flow channel, the water suction pipe 70 is divided into two branch pipes, and the throat part 22 of the water flow channel is communicated with the water suction pipe 70 through the two branch pipes respectively; the end of the syphon 70 extends to the rear of the levelling bench 10; a wedge-shaped scarifier 90 is fixed on the end face of the tail of the leveling frame 10, the wedge face of the scarifier 90 faces the front, and the end part of the water suction pipe 70 is arranged behind the scarifier 90; as shown in fig. 3, the end of the ripper 90 and the lower end opening 91 are open, the end of the suction pipe 70 is directed forward and inserted into the opening 91, and the end of the suction pipe 70 is wide-mouthed. The middle section of the water suction pipe 70 is a U-shaped section 71, the bottom of the U-shaped section 71 is connected with a control switch 80, the control switch 80 is connected with the sampler, and a water flow detection mechanism for controlling the on-off of the control switch 80 is arranged in the outlet end 23 of the water flow channel.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water flow detecting mechanism includes a spoiler 81 hinged at an upper side to a side wall of the outlet end 23, and the spoiler 81 faces the throat 22; when the flow and velocity at the outlet end 23 is high, the water will impact the spoiler 81, thereby turning the spoiler 81 backward. In addition, a return spring is provided at the hinge shaft of the spoiler 81, and the return spring maintains the spoiler 81 in a vertical state when the water flow at the outlet end 23 is small. The control switch 80 comprises a cylinder 82 and a piston arranged in the cylinder 82; a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are connected to the cylinder body 82, a liquid inlet one-way valve 83 is arranged in the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe extends to the bottom of the U-shaped section 71, and a liquid outlet one-way valve 84 is arranged in the liquid outlet pipe; the piston 85 is fixed on the leveling frame 10, and the cylinder 82 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston 85 and is connected with the piston 85 in a sliding manner; the lower part of the piston 85 is welded with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is provided with a strip-shaped hole along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the spoiler 81 is provided with a pin shaft embedded in the strip-shaped hole, so that the spoiler 81 swings to drive the cylinder body 82 to slide relative to the piston 85. In this embodiment, when a rapid and large water flow is formed in the outlet end 23, the water flow pushes the spoiler 81 to turn backwards, and the cylinder 82 moves forwards, so that the space in the cylinder 82 is reduced, and the muddy water sample in the cylinder 82 is pressed out; and when the water flow at the outlet end 23 is small and slow, the space in the cylinder body 82 is increased under the action of the torsion spring, so that a muddy water sample can be sucked from the U-shaped section 71.
The sampler includes an endless belt 60 disposed on the top of the leveling frame 10, and a cover body 61 disposed on the top of the leveling frame 10 covers the front portion of the endless belt 60. The endless belt 60 is of a belt transmission structure, and the endless belt 60 is wound around two belt pulleys to rotate the belt by rotation of the belt pulleys. The front belt pulley is a driving wheel which is driven by a servo motor stopping operation motor; the leveling frame 10 is arranged to move for one kilometer, the annular belt 60 rotates for one circle, the annular belt 60 continuously rotates for one circle, and the servo motor is stopped. Specifically, the top of leveling frame 10 is equipped with magnetic induction sensor, and the lower surface of girdle 60 is fixed with positioning magnet, and magnetic induction sensor and servo motor are connected with the controller, and when positioning magnet and magnetic induction sensor opposite, controller servo motor stop work. The upward facing surface of the endless belt 60 is provided with a plurality of troughs 62, and the end of the drain pipe is opposite to the upper surface of the endless belt 60, so that the drain pipe can inject the muddy water sample into the troughs 62 one by one.
Step (1): and (2) rice field treatment, namely paving a layer of mixed manure on the soil surface of the rice field, wherein the mixed manure per mu of the rice field is 400-500kg, refining the soil of the rice field to uniformly mix the soil and the mixed manure, wherein the refined thickness of the soil is 15-25cm, and then irrigating the rice field to ensure that the water content of the soil reaches saturation and then continuously irrigating to form a 3-5cm shallow water layer.
Step (2): and (3) selenium element detection, namely performing secondary refining on the soil of the rice field by reciprocating operation of the rice field leveling device in the rice field, analyzing the content of selenium element in the soil of the rice field by the content of selenium in the muddy water sample, wherein the content of selenium element in the soil per mu is up to 420 mu g +/-30 mu g, and the content of selenium element is lower than 420 mu g +/-30 mu g per mu, and then supplementing and spraying the selenium-rich nutrient.
And (3): tea seedlings and seedling replanting are carried out by the seedling transplanter in an artificial or mechanical mode, the number of seedlings transplanted per mu is 23 thousands, seedling checking and seedling replanting are carried out in the field 7 days after the seedling transplanting is finished, the seedlings which do not survive are pulled out, and new seedlings are transplanted.
At the in-process that adopts paddy field leveling device to carry out the secondary to the soil in paddy field and refine, paddy field leveling device can adopt the muddy water in the soil equally to obtain the muddy water sample that is arranged in detecting the selenium content in the soil. In the process that the sampling leveling frame 10 runs in the soil of the rice field, the barbed nails 50 at the bottom of the leveling frame 10 are inserted into the soil of the rice field, and the barbed nails 50 have a tearing effect on the soil by matching with the movement of the leveling frame 10 in the soil, so that the soil refining effect is achieved. In the process of soil advancing, water in the rice field enters the water inlet cavity through the filter screen 35, and the water flows along the water flow channel because the leveling frame 10 is in a moving state; meanwhile, in the process of moving the leveling frame 10, the driven wheel 40 rotates relative to the leveling frame 10 under the extrusion of soil, and the rotation of the driven wheel 40 rotates the second rotating shaft, so that the second rotating shaft drives the speed increasing gear 31 to rotate, and the speed increasing gear 31 slides on the second rotating shaft in a reciprocating manner; when the speed increasing gear 31 slides to the middle of the second rotating shaft, the speed increasing gear 31 and the middle gear 32 form a meshed state, that is, the speed increasing gear 31 accelerates the rotation of the impeller through the speed increasing mechanism, so as to increase the flow and the flow speed in the water flow channel, and the negative pressure at the throat 22 reaches the maximum, so that the water flow flowing from the end to the throat 22 is formed in the suction pipe 70; because the speed increasing gear 31 is in a periodic reciprocating sliding state, the impeller also rotates in a clearance manner, and after the speed increasing gear 31 and the intermediate gear 32 are disengaged, the flow speed and the flow in the water flow channel are small, and the water flow is not formed in the water suction pipe 70, at the moment, the U-shaped section 71 has a water storage function.
When the water flow in the water flow channel is high-speed water flow, the water flow impacts the spoiler 81 to turn the spoiler 81 towards the rear end of the leveling frame 10, namely, the spoiler 81 drives the cylinder body 82 to slide forwards, the volume of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 82 is reduced, and the muddy water sample in the cylinder body 82 is extruded; when the impeller does not have power input any more, the water flow in the water flow channel is in a low-speed running state, the spoiler 81 returns to a vertical state under the action of the torsion spring, so that the cylinder body 82 slides towards the rear end of the leveling frame 10, the volume in the cylinder body 82 is increased, and the cylinder body 82 sucks a muddy water sample from the U-shaped section 71 under the condition that no water flows through the water suction pipe 70. Since the leveling frame 10 interferes with the water in the paddy field when the leveling frame 10 moves in the paddy field, the water behind the leveling frame 10 is easily doped with a lot of bubbles, and therefore, the negative pressure of the throat part 22 is utilized to suck water to form water flow in the water suction pipe 70, and the water flow flowing in the water suction pipe 70 contains a lot of bubbles; after the water flow in the suction pipe 70 stops, the muddy water sample is deposited in the U-shaped section 71, so that a large amount of air bubbles can be prevented from being sucked into the cylinder 82, and sufficient muddy water can be sucked into the cylinder 82.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The planting method of the selenium-rich rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): the method comprises the steps of (1) rice field treatment, paving a layer of mixed manure on the soil surface of a rice field, wherein the mixed manure per mu of the rice field is 400-500kg, thinning the soil of the rice field to uniformly mix the soil and the mixed manure, wherein the thinning thickness of the soil is 15-25cm, and then irrigating the rice field to enable the water content of the soil to reach saturation degree and then continuously irrigating to form a 3-5cm shallow water layer;
step (2): selenium element detection, namely performing secondary refining on the soil, detecting the content of selenium element in the soil of the rice field, wherein the content of selenium element in the soil per mu is 420 mu g +/-30 mu g, and the content of selenium element is lower than 420 mu g +/-30 mu g per mu, and then supplementing and spraying selenium-rich nutrient;
and (3): tea seedlings and seedling supplement are carried out on the rice transplanter in an artificial or mechanical mode, the number of seedlings transplanted per mu is 23 thousands, seedling checking and seedling supplement are carried out in the field 7 days after the seedling transplantation is finished, the seedlings which do not survive are pulled out, and new seedlings are transplanted;
in the selenium element detection step (2), a paddy field leveling device is adopted to carry out secondary refining on paddy field soil, the paddy field leveling device comprises a leveling frame and a traveling mechanism for driving the leveling frame to move, a plurality of barbed nails extending downwards are arranged on the bottom surface of the leveling frame, and the length of the barbed nails is 15-20 cm; a water flow channel is arranged in the leveling frame, the water flow channel is arranged along the walking direction of the leveling frame, the water flow channel is sequentially provided with an inlet end, a throat part and an outlet end from front to back along the walking direction of the leveling frame, and the cross sectional area of the throat part is smaller than that of the inlet end and the outlet end; a water suction pipe communicated with a water flow channel is arranged at the throat part, the end part of the water suction pipe extends to the rear part of the leveling frame, the port of the water suction pipe faces the front part, the middle section of the water suction pipe is a U-shaped section, the bottom of the U-shaped section is connected with a control switch, the control switch is connected with a sampler, and a water flow detection mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the control switch is arranged in the outlet end of the water flow channel; an impeller is arranged in the inlet end of the water flow channel, driven wheels which are rotatably connected with the leveling frame are arranged on the left side and the right side of the leveling frame, and rotating shafts of the driven wheels are connected with the impeller through a speed increasing mechanism; the speed increasing mechanism comprises a driving gear connected with a rotating shaft key of the driven wheel and a driven gear fixed with a rotating shaft of the impeller, and when the driven wheel rotates, the driving gear can periodically reciprocate on the rotating shaft of the driven wheel;
and (3) in the step (2), the soil in the rice field is refined for the second time through the reciprocating motion of the rice field leveling device in the rice field, after the soil is refined for the second time, muddy water in the rice field is collected in the sampler, and the selenium content in the soil is determined by determining the muddy water in the sampler.
2. The method for planting the selenium-rich rice according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the entrance point of paddy field leveling device is equipped with the filter screen, the front end of leveling frame is rotated and is connected with the reciprocal lead screw with the pivot parallel arrangement of follower, and reciprocal lead screw passes through intermeshing's gear connection with the pivot of follower, is connected with the slider on the reciprocal lead screw, is equipped with the bayonet socket on the slider, and the driving gear block is in the bayonet socket, and is fixed with the brush that offsets with the filter screen on the slider.
3. The planting method of the selenium-rich rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the water flow detection mechanism comprises a spoiler, the upper side of the spoiler is hinged to the side wall of the outlet end, the spoiler faces the throat, and the opening and the closing of the switch are controlled through the swinging of the spoiler.
4. The method for planting selenium-rich rice according to claim 3, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the control switch comprises a cylinder body and a piston arranged in the cylinder body; a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are connected to the cylinder body, a liquid inlet one-way valve is arranged in the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe extends to the bottom of the U-shaped section, a liquid outlet one-way valve is arranged in the liquid outlet pipe, and the spoiler swings to control the axial reciprocating motion of the piston relative to the cylinder body; the sampler is including setting up the endless belt at flattening frame top to be equipped with servo motor and drive the endless belt and rotate, the endless belt is equipped with a plurality of silos towards the surface of top, and the tip of fluid-discharge tube is relative with the upper surface of endless belt.
5. The method for planting selenium-rich rice according to claim 4, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the tail of the leveling frame is provided with a wedge-shaped scarifier, the wedge surface of the scarifier faces the front, and the end part of the water suction pipe is arranged at the rear of the scarifier.
6. The method for planting selenium-rich rice according to claim 5, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), after the selenium-rich nutrient is additionally sprayed in the rice field, the soil is refined for the second time until the content of the selenium element in each mu of soil reaches 420 mu g +/-30 mu g.
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