CN111656870A - 用于电路板的复合陶瓷和用于其制造的方法 - Google Patents
用于电路板的复合陶瓷和用于其制造的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111656870A CN111656870A CN201980010287.7A CN201980010287A CN111656870A CN 111656870 A CN111656870 A CN 111656870A CN 201980010287 A CN201980010287 A CN 201980010287A CN 111656870 A CN111656870 A CN 111656870A
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Abstract
一种用于电路板的复合陶瓷(10),其包括‑由第一陶瓷材料构成的芯层(1)和‑由第二陶瓷材料构成的覆盖层(2),用于覆盖芯层(1),其中覆盖层(2)直接材料配合地连结于芯层(1)并且覆盖层厚度(DD1)与芯层厚度(DP)的比值具有小于1,优选小于0.5并且特别优选小于0.2的值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电路板的复合陶瓷和一种用于其制造的方法。
背景技术
用于电路板的由陶瓷制成的绝缘层是从现有技术中长久已知的。在此在上侧和/或下侧上典型地设有金属化部,所述金属化部用作为印制导线或用作为用于电子器件的端子区域。为了将在上侧和/或下侧上产生的热量有效地导出从而避免在电路板处的损坏,例如已知AlN的应用。虽然AlN具有对于散热有利的材料特性,但是其作为陶瓷材料的应用通常由于相对于其他陶瓷降低的强度而被视为不利的。
因此,从现有技术中,例如从US 0 640 039 A1中已知,将绝缘层多层地构成,其中各个子层分别由不同的陶瓷材料制成。这种复合陶瓷能够实现,陶瓷材料的不期望的特性,例如降低的强度通过其他陶瓷材料的相应地表现出的特性补偿。然而,在US 0 640 039 A1中的复合陶瓷通过活性焊接法制造,使得在各个子层之间构成焊料层,所述焊料层又对复合陶瓷的整体特性,尤其是其电绝缘特性产生影响。原则上,金属陶瓷基板的电绝缘能力的程度一方面通过将电路相对于参考电位绝缘的绝缘层的厚度,并且另一方面通过在印制导线之间的绝缘槽的宽度确定。通过在印制导线下方引入连续的导电的焊料层,然而与不具有焊料层的含陶瓷的绝缘层相比电路的绝缘强度降低。这以特定的程度涉及相对薄的覆盖层。
发明内容
以此背景出发,本发明的目的是,提供复合陶瓷和用于其制造的方法,其中能对于作为电路板的使用尽可能最优地设定特性,尤其在其电绝缘特性方面。
所述目的通过根据权利要求1的复合陶瓷和根据权利要求9的方法实现。其他优点和特征参照附图从在下文对根据本发明的主题的优选的实施方式的描述中得出。各个实施方式的各个特征在此可以在本发明的范围内彼此组合。
根据本发明提出一种用于电路板的复合陶瓷,其包括
-由第一陶瓷材料构成的芯层,和
-由第二陶瓷材料构成的覆盖层,其尤其至少部分地覆盖芯层,其中覆盖层直接材料配合地连结于芯层并且覆盖层厚度与芯层厚度的比值具有小于1,优选小于0.5并且特别优选小于0.2的值。
相对于从现有技术中已知的复合陶瓷根据本发明提出,覆盖层直接覆盖芯层。即复合陶瓷没有附加的粘合剂,如焊料,由此电特性,尤其电绝缘能力相应地仅由芯层的和覆盖层的材料特性和尺寸共同影响,而不由粘合剂影响。由此能更简单地控制或操纵复合陶瓷的特性,因为由焊料造成的影响可以保持不被考虑。还已经令人惊讶地证实,在此芯层厚度与覆盖层相比可以更厚地构成。这在复合陶瓷设计为具有最优的导热能力的电路板时能够实现提供如下芯层,所述芯层的导热能力是大的并且由于其厚度出现有利的散热。即为了将高的导热能力的特性尽可能全面地充分利用,将芯层相应厚地构成。同时,相对薄的覆盖层足以充分地提高复合体的强度。
优选地,提出用于电路板的复合陶瓷,其中又将金属化部涂覆在覆盖层上。换言之:覆盖层覆盖芯层并且设置在金属化部和芯层之间。原则上还可设想的是,覆盖层多层地构成,也就是说覆盖层本身包括多个层,所述层分别由不同的陶瓷材料制成。尤其提出,第一陶瓷材料的热导率大于第二陶瓷材料的热导率,优选是其大于1倍至100倍大、优选是其大于1.1倍和10倍大并且特别优选是其大于1.1倍和5倍大。此外提出,第二陶瓷材料具有相对于第一陶瓷材料提高的强度或提高的断裂韧性。此外优选提出,覆盖层的热膨胀系数(CTE=Coefficient of thermal expansion)小于芯层的CTE。由此在制造复合陶瓷时在冷却期间在覆盖层中感生出应力(Druchspannungen),所述应力有利地抵消在应用条件下的裂纹产生和扩散。由此能有利地提供用于电路板的复合体,所述复合体关于其热导率以及强度和使用寿命是优化的。
复合陶瓷的组合特性的有利效果可应用于所有陶瓷厚度或可应用于由此得出的压力等级。复合陶瓷的厚度针对金属陶瓷基板的所有压力等级位于0.1mm和3.0mm之间,优选位于0.2mm和2.0mm之间并且特别优选位于0.5mm和1.5mm之间。在陶瓷厚度大的情况下,作为芯层的AlN由于其非常高的热导率是特别优选的。由于这种芯层厚度,对于大量复合陶瓷出现尽可能最优的散热。尤其对于中压应用而言,在此芯层的热导率显著地贡献于复合陶瓷的热阻Rth。
适宜地提出,芯层AlN、Al2O3、ZTA(Zirkonia toughened Alumina,氧化锆增韧氧化铝)或高密度的MgO(>理论密度的90%)和/或覆盖层包括Si3N4、TSZ(四边形稳定的氧化锆)或ZTA。在此已经证实为特别有利的是由最高热导率的AlN作为芯层和高断裂韧性的Si3N4作为覆盖层构成的组合。尤其贡献于此的是,Si3N4本身具有相对高的热导率或与AlN类似的热导率。作为其他材料对有利地得出高密度的MgO作为芯层和ZTA作为覆盖层。Si3N4、TSZ或ZTA的应用还在如下情况下证实为是有利的,即其抵消裂纹形成或裂纹传导并且还显示出AlN相对于碱性材料的腐蚀保护,所述碱性材料在电路板的湿化学生产中使用。附加地,提供具有良好的机械特性的其他陶瓷材料作为覆盖层,这些其他陶瓷材料然而具有相对低的热导率,例如是YTZ,其低的热导率在层厚度小的情况下不太重要。
优选地提出,芯层Si3N4、TSZ和/或ZTA和覆盖层包括氧化物陶瓷,尤其是氧化铝。通过将氧化物层用作为覆盖层有利地可实现,尤其通过“直接铜键合”(direct copperbonding,DCB)简化用于要在复合陶瓷上构成的金属化部的连结工艺。否则,尤其在应用Si3N4的情况下,通过焊接法,尤其AMB法连结到复合陶瓷上是有意义的。
在本发明的另一实施方式中提出,尤其借助于DCB法设有附加的覆盖层,用于改进地金属的连结部或金属化部,所述附加的覆盖层至少部分地,优选完全地覆盖在芯层上连结的覆盖层。例如,能将由覆盖层和芯层成形的复合陶瓷借助于呈氧化物陶瓷层,尤其氧化铝层的形式的附加的覆盖层设计为,使得在附加的覆盖层上以简单的方式借助于DCB法可实现金属化部的连结,而不必动用AMB法。同时,能将芯层和覆盖层用于期望的特性的最优设定。例如,能将具有出色的绝缘强度的机械方面强的Si3N4作为覆盖层与由AlN构成的芯层组合,以便实现复合陶瓷的期望的机械稳定性,而不必限制为必须借助于AMB法实现金属化部到复合陶瓷上的连接。
适宜地提出,附加的覆盖层包括氧化铝。氧化铝已经证实为特别适合于借助于DCB法的金属化部的连结。还优选提出,将覆盖层的大于50%,优选大于75%并且特别优选大于80%用附加的覆盖层覆盖。
有利地,芯层包括SiC,即碳化硅。通过适当地选择覆盖层有利地也可以将SiC作为陶瓷层用于形成在金属陶瓷/复合陶瓷基板中的绝缘层,尽管SiC相对于其他陶瓷具有小6个数量级的绝缘强度。借助于相应的覆盖层和/或附加的覆盖层适当地调整绝缘强度可有利地实现,利用SiC的出色的热导率。
根据本发明的另一实施方式提出,将另外的覆盖层设置在芯层的与覆盖层相对置的侧上。由此能有利地提供用于复合陶瓷的对称的夹层结构。在此优选提出,另外的覆盖层的另外的覆盖层厚度基本上对应于覆盖层厚度。然而也可设想的是,覆盖层厚度和另外的覆盖层厚度之间的比值具有在0.5和2之间,优选在0.75和1.5之间并且特别优选在0.8和1.2之间的比值。还优选提出,覆盖层和另外的覆盖层由相同的陶瓷材料制成或者覆盖层中的第二陶瓷材料与另外的覆盖层中的第三陶瓷材料不同。优选提出,芯层的不由覆盖层覆盖的部分与芯层的由覆盖层覆盖的部分的比值大于0.4,优选大于0.3并且特别优选大于0.2。也可设想的是,芯层完全地,即在四周用覆盖层覆盖。
特别优选地提出,芯层的不由覆盖层覆盖的部分与芯层的由覆盖层覆盖的部分之间的比值小于0.4,优选小于0.3并且特别优选小于0.2。也可设想的是,芯层完全地,即在四周用覆盖层覆盖。由此能力求完全的覆盖。
本发明的另一主题是一种用于制造根据本发明的复合陶瓷,尤其用于构成具有根据本发明的复合陶瓷的金属陶瓷基板的方法。在此也可设想的是,将第一陶瓷材料和/或第二陶瓷材料借助于气溶胶沉积法设置在金属化部或另外的金属化层上。气溶胶沉积法涉及如下技术,其中将原材料,尤其包括第一和/或第二陶瓷材料的原材料的精细的或超精细的微粒用气体雾化并且将气体-微粒混合物接着借助于一个或多个喷嘴涂覆到承载件上,例如涂覆到之后用作为金属化部的金属板上。作为气体例如考虑氦气、氮气、氧气或空气,优选与分别所应用的材料相关。
用于气溶胶沉积涂覆的设备在此优选包括混合室和薄膜形成室。尤其,在混合室中将第一和/或第二陶瓷材料在干燥的状态下与气体混合。接着将扬起的陶瓷粉末作为气体-微粒混合物在例如通过混合室和薄膜形成室之间的压差形成的气流中运输至薄膜形成室,其中通过经过狭缝状的喷嘴将气体-微粒混合物加速并且喷涂到金属化部的外侧上。在此,用于第一陶瓷材料和/或第二陶瓷材料的原材料可以具有在1nm和100μm之间,例如在0.1μm和50μm之间并且特别优选在0.1μm和50μm之间的微粒直径。在此可以将气体-微粒混合物在经过减压室的极小的开口时加速至数百m/s。
附加地或替选地可设想的是,气溶胶沉积法用于将第一陶瓷材料连结于第二陶瓷材料或者将第二陶瓷材料连结于第一陶瓷材料。
还可设想的是,为了将第一陶瓷材料连结于第二陶瓷材料或将第二陶瓷材料连结于第一陶瓷材料或将第一或第二陶瓷材料连结于金属化部或另外的金属化部能使用热喷涂法,所述热喷涂法也通过术语等离子体喷涂或等离子体喷射、高速火焰喷射、电弧喷射或火焰喷射已知。在此,将第一和/或第二陶瓷材料的微粒作为陶瓷微粒(具有50μm和150μm之间的微粒直径)或作为金属丝(由于其高的温度)输送给高反应性的热喷枪,并且将液态的或熔化的材料以高的速度射到第一陶瓷材料、第二陶瓷材料或金属化部上,以便在制成状态中形成相应的层。
之后形成芯层或覆盖层的陶瓷材料在此在热处理期间不分解。特别优选的材料是氧化物,如氧化铝、氧化锆和氧化镁。
替选地或补充地可设想的是,使用溶胶凝胶法来形成覆盖层或芯层。在此溶胶通过化学反应或物理反应胶化、干燥和调温。尤其,将溶胶理解为陶瓷前驱体的胶质溶液。溶胶或前驱体在此一开始是液体并且在方法过程中转换为固体。用于陶瓷前驱体的实例是陶瓷前驱体聚合物,其用于形成基于聚合物的陶瓷,例如聚硅烷、聚硅氮烷和聚硅氧烷。聚硅烷的实例是聚(烯丙基)碳硅烷,其在真空下或在惰性气体氛围中热分解成碳化硅。其他陶瓷前驱体聚合物可以分解为氮化物、碳化物和/或氧化物。陶瓷前驱体聚合物可以仅包括聚合物或包括聚合物连同附加的组成部分。附加的组成部分可以是添加剂,例如催化剂、增强材料等。
本发明的另一主题是一种用于制造尤其根据上述实例之一的复合陶瓷的方法,所述方法包括:
-提供第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料;和
-将第一陶瓷材料与第二陶瓷材料连接,其中第一陶瓷材料形成芯层并且第二陶瓷材料形成覆盖层,
其中覆盖层直接连结于芯层,其中将第二陶瓷材料为了连接在未烧结状态中、气态地或作为可浇注的陶瓷料或注浆提供。所有针对根据本发明的复合陶瓷所描述的特征及其优点能符合意义地同样转用于根据本发明的方法并且反之亦然。
相对于从现有技术中已知的方法,根据本发明提出,第二陶瓷材料不作为烧结的陶瓷材料与芯层连接。所述方式能够实现,弃用活性焊料法,由此可以有利地避免芯层和覆盖层之间的焊料。也就是说,覆盖层直接平放在芯层上。在此,将连接优选理解为第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料的材料配合的连接。
在一个优选的实施方式中提出,第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料在未烧结的状态中或作为熔融物提供,并且逐层地上下相叠地设置。在未烧结状态或生状态中,第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料上下相叠地设置或覆层。只要第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料作为注浆提供,那么将所述陶瓷材料例如上下相叠地浇注,而不会将第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料作为注浆彼此混合。优选地,为此使用刮片法或刮板。因为具有大于1μm的厚度的单层还在薄膜浇注中显示出,就此能在复合陶瓷中仍实现覆盖层厚度,所述覆盖层厚度薄至1μm。
优选地提出,将第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料为了连结
-以未烧结的状态辊压和/或压延,或者
-层压,或者
-等静压地彼此按压,或者
-作为注浆上下相叠地浇注,尤其利用刮板。
将连结优选理解为最终的材料配合的连接的预备阶段,其中将连结理解为:在将第一和第二陶瓷材料在随后的方法步骤、例如烧结中材料配合地彼此连接之前,第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料之间的接触和/或分层堆放。
尤其提出,时间上在连结之后将第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料烧结。通过将由第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料构成的彼此连结的层烧结,将材料配合的连接通过构成复合陶瓷来实现和压缩。在此尤其提出,第一和第二陶瓷材料提供用于连接,使得在烧结期间进行的收缩在第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷才中均匀地进行。优选地,对此相应地设定第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料中的陶瓷颗粒的份额,使得确保均匀的收缩。
还提出,金属氧化物和/或氮化物用作为烧结助剂。优选地,在此涉及第二主族(Mg、Ca)、第三主族(B、Al)和/或第三副族(Sc、Y)的金属氧化物。尤其对于具有由AlN构成的芯层和由Si3N4构成的覆盖层的复合陶瓷而言,能将烧结助剂从类似的材料族中选择并且在此可以彼此协调。
根据本发明的另一实施方式提出,覆盖层通过使用气相沉积或气溶胶沉积在芯层上形成。有利地且令人惊讶地已经证实,能实现如下覆盖层,所述覆盖层不仅提高断裂韧性而且提高抗拉强度,尤其在使用由AlN构成的芯层的情况下如此。有利地还能实现如下覆盖层厚度,所述覆盖层厚度小于25μm,优选小于15μm并且特别优选小于10μm。在此尤其提供已经烧结的陶瓷作为第一陶瓷材料。为了改变这样施加的覆盖层的特性,也可考虑在真正的层沉积之后的调温或烧结步骤,其中改变覆盖层组织和/或改善到芯层的连结。
为了气相沉积优选使用化学或物理气相沉积法。尤其,气相沉积法设计为,用于实现以纯的形式的第二陶瓷材料的尽可能高密度且无缺陷的层。优选提出,覆盖层由多个逐步依次涂覆的单层构造。由此能改善覆盖层到芯层或到外侧上的金属化部的连接。在使用气溶胶沉积法时提出,第二陶瓷材料的颗粒经由气流,尤其空气流以规定的速度到达芯层。在此速度选择为,使得颗粒在其碰撞到芯层上时破裂并且构成直至数微米厚的覆层。这样能实现在小的纳米范围内的紧密的晶粒结构。优选地,所述方法在室温下执行和/或使用微米大小的颗粒。相对于形成复合陶瓷的另一优点在于,为了实现需要较低的温度,例如低于300℃的温度。因此,与需要高于800℃的温度的AMB(活性金属焊接)或玻璃焊接工艺相比,引起较小的热感生的应力。
附图说明
其他优点和特征参照附图从下面对根据本发明的主题的优选的实施方式的描述中得出。各个实施方式的各个特征在此可以在本发明的范围内彼此组合。
附图示出:
图1a和1b示出用于制造根据本发明的一个示例性的实施方式的复合陶瓷的方法;以及
图2示出具有根据本发明的一个示例性的实施方式的复合陶瓷的电路板。
具体实施方式
在图1a和1b中示意地说明用于制造根据本发明的一个示例性的实施方式的复合陶瓷10的方法。尤其,复合陶瓷10是承载基板或绝缘层,所述绝缘层代表电路板的主要组成部分。为了构成电路板,在上侧上和/或在下侧上设有金属化部3或其他金属化部3’,尤其通过蚀刻结构化的金属化部,所述金属化部提供印制导线或金属盘以连结电子器件。
将复合陶瓷10或混合陶瓷尤其理解为承载基板,在所述承载基板中由不同陶瓷材料构成的多子层不同的层上下相叠地设置。通过将不同的陶瓷材料组合可有利地实现,有针对性地将在复合陶瓷中的期望的特性联合,这些特性否则分别仅通过单个陶瓷材料给出或者能将一种陶瓷材料的不期望的特性用另一种陶瓷材料的特性补偿。例如,能提供复合陶瓷10,使得其作为第一陶瓷材料包括AlN,由此给予复合陶瓷10相对高的热导率。为了抵消所述第一陶瓷材料的低的强度,在复合陶瓷10中,在层构造中第一陶瓷材料与第二陶瓷材料连接。所述第二陶瓷材料优选是具有相对高的强度的陶瓷材料,例如Si3N4、TSZ或ZTA。
尤其提出,由第一陶瓷材料构成的芯层1用由第二陶瓷材料构成的覆盖层2覆层,优选在两侧上覆层。为了在芯层1和覆盖层2之间的直接的材料配合的连接优选提出,将第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料以未烧结的或生的状态提供。将直接的、材料配合的连接尤其理解为,在制成状态中在第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料之间不设置有焊接材料或其他材料。在此,将第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料作为薄膜提供,所述第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料沿着堆叠方向S上下相叠地设置。尤其,将由第一陶瓷材料构成的薄膜在两侧分别用由第二陶瓷材料构成的薄膜覆盖。然而也可设想的是,由第一陶瓷材料构成的薄膜在一侧上用由第二陶瓷材料构成的薄膜覆盖并且在相对置的侧上用由第三陶瓷材料构成的薄膜覆盖。
为了将由第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料构成的薄膜连接提出,将薄膜一起辊压,或者层压。替选地也可设想的是,将第一陶瓷材料和/或第二陶瓷材料作为注浆上下相叠地浇注,使得第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料不掺杂并且第一子层由第一陶瓷材料构成并且第二子层由第二陶瓷材料构成。
优选地借助于刮板保证,出现第二陶瓷材料在第一陶瓷材料上的均匀的分布。
通过时间上紧接着连结的烧结,将由第一陶瓷材料构成的薄膜和由第二陶瓷材料构成的薄膜彼此材料配合地且优选直接地在不构成间隙的情况下彼此连接。为此,可能的烧结助剂与第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料配合。例如,作为烧结助剂将第二主族(例如Mg、Ca)、第三主族(例如B、Al)和/或第3副族(例如Sy、Y)的金属氧化物或氮化物在烧结期间作为助剂使用。
还提出,在上下相叠设置的层中的陶瓷颗粒的份额选择为,使得在相应的层中出现规律的或均匀的收缩或烧结收缩。
在图2中示出具有根据本发明的一个示例性的实施方式的复合陶瓷10的电路板。尤其在此提出,芯层1具有芯层厚度DP并且覆盖层2具有覆盖层厚度DD1,其中覆盖层厚度DD1与芯层厚度DP的比值具有小于1,优选小于0.5并且特别优选小于0.2的值。还提出,覆盖层DD1覆盖芯层1的朝向金属化部3的一侧。在此,芯层1在两侧由覆盖层2覆盖。此外,作为第一陶瓷材料设有AlN而作为第二陶瓷材料设有Si3N4。由于金属的组合和芯层1的厚度能有利地设定最优的散热从而设定尽可能最优的传热。尤其对于覆盖层厚度DD1与芯层厚度DP的给定的小于0.2的比值有利地已经证明的是,覆盖层2造成复合陶瓷10中的强度的期望的提高,而不影响传热的由芯层1通过厚度和材料确定的特性。
还可设想的是,在与覆盖层相对置的侧上设置有另外的覆盖层2’。优选地,另外的覆盖层2’具有另外的覆盖层厚度DD2。在一个优选的实施方式中提出,覆盖层厚度DD1和另外的覆盖层厚度DD2彼此对应。
附图标记列表
1 芯层
2 覆盖层
2’ 另外的覆盖层
3 金属化部
3’ 另外的金属化部
10 复合陶瓷
DP 芯层厚度
DD1 覆盖层厚度
DD2 另外的覆盖层厚度
S 堆叠方向
Claims (15)
1.一种用于电路板的复合陶瓷(10),所述复合陶瓷包括:
-由第一陶瓷材料构成的芯层(1),和
-由第二陶瓷材料构成的覆盖层(2),所述覆盖层用于至少部分地覆盖所述芯层(1),其中所述覆盖层(2)直接材料配合地连结于所述芯层(1),并且覆盖层厚度(DD1)与芯层厚度(DP)的比值具有小于1,优选小于0.5并且特别优选小于0.2的值。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷(10),
其中所述芯层厚度(DP)具有在0.1mm和3.0mm之间,优选在0.2mm和2.0mm之间并且特别优选在0.5mm和1.5mm之间的值。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷(10),
其中所述芯层(1)包括AlN或MgO,和/或所述覆盖层(2)包括Si3N4、TSZ或ZTA。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷(10),
其中所述芯层(1)包括Si3N4、TSZ和/或ZTA,并且所述覆盖层包括氧化物陶瓷,尤其是氧化铝。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷(10),
其中附加的覆盖层设计用于尤其借助于DCB法改进地金属的连结部,所述附加的覆盖层至少部分地,优选完全地覆盖连结在所述芯层上的覆盖层(2)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的复合陶瓷,
其中所述附加的覆盖层包括氧化铝。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷,
其中所述芯层包括SiC。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷(10),
其中所述覆盖层(2)在两侧设置在所述芯层(1)上。
9.一种用于制造根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的复合陶瓷(10)的方法。
10.一种用于制造复合陶瓷(10)的方法,所述方法包括:
提供第一陶瓷材料和第二陶瓷材料;和
将所述第一陶瓷材料与所述第二陶瓷材料连接,
其中所述第一陶瓷材料形成芯层(1)并且所述第二陶瓷材料形成覆盖层(2),其中所述覆盖层(2)直接连结于所述芯层(1),
其中将所述第二陶瓷材料为了连接以未烧结的状态、气态地或作为注浆提供。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,
其中将所述第一陶瓷材料和所述第二陶瓷材料以未烧结的状态或作为注浆提供并且逐层地上下相叠地设置。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,
其中将所述第一陶瓷材料和所述第二陶瓷材料为了连结
-以未烧结的状态辊压,等静压地彼此按压,尤其层压;或者
-以熔融状态上下相叠地浇注,尤其利用刮板浇注。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,
其中时间上在连结之后,将所述第一陶瓷材料和所述第二陶瓷材料烧结。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,
其中将金属氧化物和/或氮化物用作为烧结助剂。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法,
其中将所述覆盖层(2)利用气相沉积或气溶胶沉积在所述芯层(1)上形成。
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