CN111648389A - Soil and water conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery - Google Patents
Soil and water conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111648389A CN111648389A CN202010536481.3A CN202010536481A CN111648389A CN 111648389 A CN111648389 A CN 111648389A CN 202010536481 A CN202010536481 A CN 202010536481A CN 111648389 A CN111648389 A CN 111648389A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/027—Pots connected in horizontal rows
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation restoration, which belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation and comprises a hillside body, wherein a water immersion layer is paved on the slope surface of the hillside body, a water-resistant layer is paved on the water immersion layer, a retaining pool is built at the slope bottom of the hillside body, a metal filter screen is arranged at the top of the retaining pool, an overflow hole is arranged at the top end of one side of the retaining pool, which is far away from a hillside, a gravel layer is paved on the filter screen, the gravel layer is connected with the water immersion layer and the bottom of the water-resistant layer, a plurality of planting through holes and water drainage through holes are arranged on the water-resistant layer, the water drainage through holes penetrate through the water-resistant layer, the planting through holes extend to the middle part of the water immersion layer to form planting holes, and soil-cultured plants are planted in the planting holes The planting through holes enter the water immersion layer, and the plant crushed aggregates in the water immersion layer have good water adsorption effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery, and belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation.
Background
The water and soil loss is caused by that the rainfall flows into rivers, lakes and seas or reservoirs after flowing over the ground surface for a long distance, and the surface soil is washed away by the rainwater. The existing method for treating water and soil loss generally lays a protective net on a slope surface, but the protective net only has the effect of intercepting soil, but does not have the effect of slowing down and absorbing water flow, when rainwater is large, a large amount of rainwater can possibly flush or damage the protective net, so that the protective effect of the protective net is influenced, and when plants are planted in a hillside zone, the plants cannot grow on a large scale due to the fact that soil is poor and are limited by conditions, the soil fixing capacity of the roots of the plants is seriously reduced, and the water and soil loss condition on a hillside becomes increasingly serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery, and provides a new technical scheme for solving the problem of water and soil loss.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following specific solutions:
a water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery comprises a hillside body, wherein a water immersion layer with the thickness of 30-50 cm is paved on the slope surface of the hillside body, the water immersion layer is selected mainly according to the selected plants, the thickness of the soil covering the surface layer in the vegetation recovery measures is generally 30-50 cm, the thickness is the thickness of a soil layer required by the growth of plant root systems, a water-resistant layer with the thickness of 15-20 cm is paved on the water immersion layer, the water-resistant layer is used for ensuring the stability of the water immersion layer and keeping the water content of the water immersion layer, if the water-resistant layer is too thin, the water-resistant layer cannot play a stabilizing role, if the water-resistant layer is too thick, the water content of the water immersion layer is better ensured, but the air permeability of the water immersion layer can be influenced, the growth of the vegetation root systems can be influenced, an interception pool is built at the slope bottom of the hillside body, the interior of the interception pool is in a rectangular cavity, the top end of one side of the interception pool, which is far away from the hillside, is provided with an overflow hole, the upper layer of the filter screen is paved with a crushed stone layer with the size larger than the size of the filter mesh, the crushed stone layer is connected with the bottoms of the water immersion layer and the water-resistant layer, the water-resistant layer is provided with a plurality of planting through holes and water drainage through holes, the water drainage through holes penetrate through the water-resistant layer, the planting through holes penetrate through the water-resistant layer and then extend to the middle of the water immersion layer to form planting holes, and.
Preferably, the planting through holes and the water drainage through holes are arranged on the hillside body at equal intervals.
Furthermore, a protective net is laid on the waterproof layer, a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 0.5-2 cm are arranged on the protective net, the side length of each grid is not easy to be too large, the waterproof layer is in a semi-wet state when being implemented, and the stability of the waterproof layer is not easy to be caused when the grids are too large.
Further, a method for laying a protective net is provided: when the protective net is laid, the protective net is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer which is not completely solidified, after the waterproof layer is completely solidified, the protective net is bonded with the upper surface of the waterproof layer, the whole protective net is bonded on the waterproof layer, when the waterproof layer is not dried, the protective net is placed, after drying, the protective net is bonded with the waterproof layer, and therefore the waterproof layer can be stabilized when the waterproof layer is not dried.
Preferably, the protective net is woven by nylon ropes.
Preferably, the aperture of the filter screen is 1-3 cm.
Preferably, the water-soaking layer is formed by mixing and stirring plant crushed materials, soil, water and auxin, and the mass ratio of the plant crushed materials, the soil, the water and the auxin is 5-6: 2-3: 2-4: 1.
Preferably, the plant crushed material in the water-soaked layer is prepared by crushing plant twigs and plant fallen leaves, and the plant auxin is indoleacetic acid.
Preferably, the water-resistant layer is formed by mixing and stirring plant fibers, concrete, clay and water, and the volume ratio of the plant fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 2-3: 3-5: 4-5. The plant fiber of the invention has the functions of recycling the original resource and being capable of being integrated into the surrounding natural environment from the appearance. The plant fiber has light dead weight and small load on the land, and can avoid sinking as much as possible; the proportion of the concrete and the clay increases the strength and the stability of the water-resistant layer, and can increase the adhesion of the plant fiber and the concrete; after the application, the water is completely dried to form a firm water-resistant layer.
Preferably, the vegetable fibers of the water-resistant layer are palm fibers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, by adopting the design of paving the water immersion layer on the slope surface and paving the water-resistant layer above the water immersion layer, rainwater can enter the water immersion layer from the water drainage through hole and the planting through hole of the water-resistant layer during raining, plant crushed aggregates in the water immersion layer have a good moisture adsorption effect, the rainfall flow on the slope surface can be obviously slowed down, the situation that a protective net arranged above the water-resistant layer is washed away or damaged due to overlarge water flow is avoided, and the water and soil conservation effect of a hillside is ensured; meanwhile, due to the design that the retaining pond is arranged at the bottom of the hillside, the water can flow into the retaining pond along the slope when the water in the soaking layer is too much, and the situation that the plants planted in the planting holes are lack of oxygen due to the fact that the water in the soaking layer is too much is avoided. Meanwhile, a metal filter screen and a gravel layer are arranged between the interception tank and the water immersion layer, so that excessive silt in the water immersion layer and the water-resistant layer is prevented from entering the interception tank, and the water storage space of the interception tank is occupied. In the dry season, the water in the interception tank can return to the water immersion layer again through volatilization, so that the conditions of water shortage and the like of plants planted in the planting holes in the dry season are avoided; on the other hand, through the design of adding the auxin in the water immersion layer, the auxin can be gradually blended into rainwater under the immersion of rainwater, so that the auxin is absorbed by plants in the planting holes, the growth of the plants on a hillside is promoted, the soil fixation capacity of the roots of the plants is improved, and the water and soil conservation effect of the hillside is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soil and water conservation system of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a hill body; 2. soaking in water layer; 3. a water-resistant layer; 4. a protective net; 5. an interception pool; 6. cultivating plants in soil; 7. planting through holes; 8. a water drainage through hole; 9. planting holes; 10. an overflow hole; 11. a metal filter screen; 12. and (4) a crushed stone layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation restoration comprises a hillside body 1, wherein a water immersion layer 2 with the thickness of 30-50 cm is paved on the slope surface of the hillside body, the water immersion layer 2 is formed by mixing and stirring plant crushed materials, soil, water and auxin in a mass ratio of 5-6: 2-3: 2-4: 1, the plant crushed materials in the water immersion layer 2 are prepared by crushing plant twigs and plant fallen leaves, the auxin is preferably indoleacetic acid, the growth of various plants can be widely promoted, and other auxins can be selected according to specific planted plants.
The water-resistant layer 3 with the thickness of 15-20 cm is paved on the water-immersed layer 2, the water-resistant layer 3 is formed by mixing and stirring plant fibers, concrete, clay and water, the volume ratio of the plant fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 2-3: 3-5: 4-5, the plant fibers are preferably palm fibers, in the actual operation process, the local resource characteristics can be combined, the plant fibers such as straws and straws are reasonably designed and used, resources are recycled, building members containing the plant fibers are ductile materials, the block combination formed by the building members avoids the damage of the splash of the disassembled small unit building blocks, particularly in areas with frequent active earthquakes, the self weight is light due to the addition of the plant fibers, the building members have small loads on the soil, can freely ripple in the waves of earthquakes without damage, and the underground sinking of the building base caused by the huge self weight load of the traditional building is avoided, the thickness of the water-resistant layer and the components of the water-resistant layer selected by the invention play a role in protection, and large-area cracking and splashing of the water-resistant layer can not occur if a slope body loosens or collapses due to vibration.
The concrete selected by the invention can be low-grade concrete, preferably C25, and the concrete is not easy to crack after being hardened under the proportion of the invention.
Furthermore, a protective net 4 is laid on the waterproof layer 3, a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 0.5-2 cm are arranged on the protective net 4, the protective net is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer which is not completely solidified when the protective net is laid, the surfaces of the waterproof layers are bonded together after the waterproof layers are completely solidified, and the preferable protective net is woven by nylon ropes.
Building a retaining pool 5 at the slope bottom of a hillside body 1, wherein the interior of the retaining pool 5 is in a rectangular cavity shape, the top of the retaining pool 5 is provided with a metal filter screen 11, the aperture of the metal filter screen 11 is 1-3 cm, the top end of one side of the retaining pool 5 away from the hillside is provided with an overflow hole 10, the metal filter screen 11 is paved with a gravel layer 12 with the size larger than a filter mesh, the gravel layer 12 is connected with the bottoms of a soaking layer 2 and a water-resistant layer 3, the water-resistant layer 3 is provided with a plurality of planting through holes 7 and water-draining through holes 8, the water-draining through holes 8 penetrate through the water-resistant layer 3, the planting through holes 9 extend to the middle part of the water-resistant layer 2 to form planting holes 9, preferably, the planting through holes 7 and the water-draining through holes 8 are arranged on the water-resistant layer 3 at equal intervals, soil-cultured plants 6 are planted in the planting holes 9, and, the aperture of the water drainage through holes is smaller than that of the planting holes and larger than that of the protective net, so that the water drainage through holes are prevented from being blocked by objects falling from the protective net due to the fact that the aperture is too small, and the water drainage through holes are arranged between the two planting holes at equal intervals.
A 30cm thick water-soaking layer 2 is paved on the hillside 1 along the slope; the water immersion layer 2 is formed by mixing and stirring plant crushed aggregates, soil, water and indoleacetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the plant crushed aggregates to the soil to the water to the indoleacetic acid is 5:2:2: 1; the plant crushed material is prepared by crushing branches and fallen leaves of plants, and herbaceous plants such as Phragmites communis, Lemongrass, grassland grass, Canada grass, Lemongrass, kohlrabi, and perennial ryegrass are planted in the planting holes 9. A water-resistant layer with the thickness of 15cm is paved on the surface of the water-immersed layer, the water-resistant layer 3 is formed by mixing and stirring palm fibers, concrete, clay and water, the volume ratio of the palm fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 2:2:3:4, a metal filter screen 11 with the aperture of 1cm is paved on the top of the interception pool, broken stones with the thickness of 10cm and larger than the aperture of the metal filter screen are paved on the metal filter screen,
when the waterproof layer 3 is not completely solidified, paving a protective net 4 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3, and bonding the protective net 4 and the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3 together after the waterproof layer 3 is completely solidified; the protective net 4 is woven by nylon ropes into a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 0.5 cm.
A water immersion layer 2 with the thickness of 40cm is paved on the hillside 1 along the slope; the water immersion layer 2 is formed by mixing and stirring plant crushed aggregates, soil, water and indoleacetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the plant crushed aggregates to the soil to the water to the indoleacetic acid is 5:2:3: 1; the plant particles are prepared by crushing branches and fallen leaves of plants, and small shrub plants such as ramulus Salicis Babylonicae, flos Rhododendri Anthopogonidis, amorpha fruticosa, caulis Seu folium Lespedezae Bicoloris, and Nerium indicum are planted in the planting holes 9. A water-resistant layer with the thickness of 15cm is paved on the surface of the water-immersed layer, the water-resistant layer 3 is formed by mixing and stirring palm fibers, concrete, clay and water, the volume ratio of the palm fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 3:3:4:4, a metal filter screen 11 with the aperture of 2cm is paved on the top of the interception pool, broken stones with the thickness of 10cm and larger than the aperture of the metal filter screen are paved on the metal filter screen,
when the waterproof layer 3 is not completely solidified, paving a protective net 4 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3, and bonding the protective net 4 and the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3 together after the waterproof layer 3 is completely solidified; the protective net 4 is woven by nylon ropes into a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 1 cm.
A water immersion layer 2 with the thickness of 50cm is paved on the hillside 1 along the slope; the water immersion layer 2 is formed by mixing and stirring plant crushed aggregates, clay, water and indoleacetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the plant crushed aggregates to the soil to the water to the indoleacetic acid is 6:3:4: 1; the plant crushed material is prepared by crushing plant twigs and plant fallen leaves, and the planting hole 9 is thick in thickness due to the soaking layer, so that the planted plants can adopt various kinds of soil plants such as short-cultivated rhododendron and grassland grope. Laying a water-resistant layer with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the water-immersed layer, wherein the water-resistant layer 3 is formed by mixing and stirring palm fibers, concrete, clay and water, the volume ratio of the palm fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 3:3:5:5, laying a metal filter screen 11 with the aperture of 3cm on the top of the interception pool, laying 10 cm-thick gravels larger than the aperture of the metal filter screen on the metal filter screen,
when the waterproof layer 3 is not completely solidified, paving a protective net 4 on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3, and bonding the protective net 4 and the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3 together after the waterproof layer 3 is completely solidified; the protective net 4 is woven by nylon ropes into a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 2 cm.
According to the invention, by adopting the design of paving the water immersion layer on the slope surface and paving the water-resistant layer above the water immersion layer, rainwater can enter the water immersion layer from the water drainage through hole and the planting through hole of the water-resistant layer during raining, plant crushed aggregates in the water immersion layer have a good moisture adsorption effect, the rainfall flow on the slope surface can be obviously slowed down, the situation that a protective net arranged above the water-resistant layer is washed away or damaged due to overlarge water flow is avoided, and the water and soil conservation effect of a hillside is ensured;
meanwhile, the design that the interception tank is arranged at the lower end of the soaking layer enables excessive water to flow into the interception tank along the slope when the water in the soaking layer is too much, so that the situation that the plants planted in the planting holes are lack of oxygen due to excessive water in the soaking layer is avoided, and the water in the interception tank returns to the soaking layer again through volatilization in the dry season, so that the situations that the plants planted in the planting holes are lack of water in the dry season are avoided;
on the other hand, through the design of adding the auxin in the water immersion layer, the auxin can be gradually blended into rainwater under the immersion of rainwater, so that the auxin is absorbed by plants in the planting holes, the growth of the plants on a hillside is promoted, the soil fixation capacity of the roots of the plants is improved, and the water and soil conservation effect of the hillside is enhanced.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soil and water conservation system that promotes vegetation recovery, its characterized in that includes the hillside body, lays the layer of soaking that is 30 ~ 50cm of thickness on the domatic of hillside body the layer of soaking upper berth is equipped with the water-fast layer that is 15 ~ 20cm of thickness, builds at the bottom of the slope of hillside body and has held back the pond, holds back the pond inside and is the rectangle cavity form, holds back the pond top and sets up metal filters, holds back the pond and is provided with the spillway hole on one side top of keeping away from the hillside, the filter screen upper berth is equipped with the metalling that one deck size is greater than the filtration mesh, the metalling meets with the bottom of soaking layer and water-resistant layer, be provided with a plurality of planting through-hole and sluicing through-hole on the water-resistant layer, the sluicing through-hole runs through the water-resistant layer, extend to soaking layer middle part formation kind of water-fast layer.
2. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation restoration according to claim 1, wherein the planting through holes and the drainage through holes are arranged on the hillside body at equal intervals.
3. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery of claim 1, wherein a protective net is laid on the water-resistant layer, and a plurality of rectangular grids with the side length of 0.5-2 cm are arranged on the protective net.
4. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation restoration according to claim 3, wherein the protective net is laid by a method comprising: when the protective net is laid, the protective net is laid on the upper surface of the water-resistant layer which is not completely solidified, and after the water-resistant layer is completely solidified, the protective net is bonded with the upper surface of the water-resistant layer.
5. The system of claim 3 or 4, wherein the net is woven from nylon rope.
6. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery of claim 1, wherein the filter screen has a pore size of 1-3 cm.
7. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery of claim 1, wherein the water soaking layer is formed by mixing and stirring plant scraps, soil, water and auxin, and the mass ratio of the plant scraps, the soil, the water and the auxin is 5-6: 2-3: 2-4: 1.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the plant pieces are made by crushing branches and leaves of plants, and the auxin is indoleacetic acid.
9. The water and soil conservation system for promoting vegetation restoration according to claim 1, wherein the water-resistant layer is formed by mixing and stirring plant fibers, concrete, clay and water, and the volume ratio of the plant fibers, the concrete, the clay and the water is 2-3: 3-5: 4-5.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the plant fiber is palm fiber.
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| CN202010536481.3A CN111648389A (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Soil and water conservation system for promoting vegetation recovery |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112616526A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 张继玲 | Green prevention and control method for garden plant diseases and insect pests |
| CN113186873A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 三江生态环境有限公司 | Composite ecological revetment and construction method thereof |
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