CN111647501A - Multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on light guide carrier - Google Patents
Multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on light guide carrier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier, which mainly comprises multilayer stacked solid light guide plates, wherein an LED light bar is arranged on the left side of each layer of solid light guide plate, and high-light-reflectivity reflective films are adhered to the surfaces except the left end surface and the lower surface; a liquid culture medium source layer made of porous materials, a microporous filter membrane and a microalgae biomembrane are sequentially laid on the upper surface of the solid light guide plate from bottom to top. The multilayer stacked solid light guide plates are arranged on a reactor support, adjacent light guide plates are separated by the support, the left side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium inlet, and the right side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium outlet. The invention utilizes the light guide plate as a light source transmission and conversion medium and an adsorption type microalgae biomembrane carrier, realizes the multilayer stack culture of microalgae cells, and improves the yield of microalgae biomass in unit floor area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microalgae photobioreactor, in particular to an adsorption type biomembrane photobioreactor.
Background
Microalgae photosynthetic carbon sequestration and energy utilization technology with high efficiency and emission reduction of greenhouse gas CO2The dual effect of producing biofuel becomes the focus of attention of scholars at home and abroad at present. The photosynthetic carbon fixation growth process of the microalgae is realized through photosynthesis, and particularly, under the driving of light energy, the microalgae cells carry out CO through photosynthesis2And water is converted into organic matters such as grease, protein, sugar and the like, and the light energy is stored in the microalgae cells in the form of chemical energy. The photoautotrophic growth of the microalgae is carried out in a photobioreactor, and the photobioreactor provides proper illumination, temperature and CO for the photosynthetic biochemical transformation process of microalgae cells2Nitrogen source, phosphorus source and other environmental conditions. Therefore, the efficient photobioreactor is the key for realizing the microalgae photosynthetic carbon sequestration and energy utilization technology.
At this stage, the existing microalgae photobioreactor can be divided into a suspension type photobioreactor and an immobilized biofilm type photobioreactor according to the motion state of microalgae cells in a reactor culture chamber. The suspended microalgae photobioreactor is a mainstream reactor at present and is characterized in that microalgae cells are suspended in a liquid culture medium. However, due to the low microalgae biomass production in the suspension reactor (less than 10 g L)-1) The harvesting cost and energy consumption of the final microalgae biomass are high, and the development and application of the suspended microalgae photobioreactor are greatly limited. In contrast, microalgae-immobilized organismsThe membrane culture technology has the advantages of low water resource demand, convenient collection and the like, and thus has attracted extensive attention of domestic and foreign scholars. The immobilized biofilm culture is a biological technique of immobilizing free active microalgae cells on a suitable growth carrier by a physical or chemical method and maintaining the active state of the microalgae cells.
The adsorption-type microalgae biofilm culture technology is one of immobilized biofilm culture technologies, and means that microalgae cells are fixed on the surface of a solid carrier in a biofilm form through electrostatic interaction or other interaction forces (such as surface tension, van der waals force, adhesion and the like), and the thickness of the biofilm is increased as the microalgae cells in the microalgae biofilm are divided and proliferated through photosynthesis. The adsorption type microalgae biomembrane technology has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, small nutrient mass transfer resistance and the like. However, the adsorption-type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor at the present stage faces bottleneck problems of large occupied area, low microalgae biomass yield per occupied area and the like, because in order to ensure that the microalgae biofilm adsorbed on the surface of the solid carrier can receive sufficient illumination, the microalgae biofilm adsorption carrier in the adsorption-type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor adopts a horizontal single-layer arrangement mode. Although the yield of the microalgae biomembrane in unit occupied area can be improved by adopting the multilayer arrangement mode of the solid biomembrane adsorption carriers, the problem of light receiving of the microalgae biomembrane below the top-layer biomembrane adsorption carrier is difficult to solve, and the development of the technology is limited.
Therefore, a multi-layer adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor is needed, which meets the requirement that each layer of biomembrane is uniform and sufficient in illumination, and improves the biomass yield of unit floor area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention introduces a solid light guide plate into a microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor, and provides a multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier, so as to improve the biomass yield of unit floor area.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier mainly comprises multilayer stacked solid light guide plates, wherein an LED light bar is arranged on the left side of each layer of solid light guide plate, and a liquid culture medium source layer, a microporous filter membrane and a microalgae biomembrane which are made of porous materials are sequentially and flatly laid on the upper surface of each layer of solid light guide plate from bottom to top; the multilayer stacked solid light guide plates are arranged on a reactor support, adjacent light guide plates are separated by the support, the left side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium inlet, and the right side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium outlet.
The reactor support is used for adjusting the inclination angle between the multilayer solid light guide plate and the ground so as to change the flow velocity of the liquid culture medium, namely the retention time of the liquid culture medium in the reactor, and further influence the utilization efficiency of various inorganic nutrient salts in the liquid culture medium. On one hand, the solid light guide plate provides a carrier for adsorption growth for the microalgae biomembrane and is used for supporting a porous liquid culture medium source layer, a microporous filter membrane and the microalgae biomembrane which are paved on the upper surface of the solid light guide plate, under the action of capillary attraction of the porous liquid culture medium source layer, the liquid culture medium quickly wets the porous liquid culture medium source layer, and under the driving of concentration gradient, inorganic nutrient salts such as carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and the like dissolved in the liquid culture medium penetrate through micropores of the microporous filter membrane to enter the biomembrane on the microporous filter membrane under the action of diffusion mass transfer and are absorbed and utilized by the photosynthetic assimilation of algae cells in the biomembrane; on the other hand, the light source is used for converting a high-intensity LED light bar line light source into a light source with moderate light intensity, and the light is uniformly emitted from the lower surface of the solid light guide plate to the surface of the adsorption type microalgae biomembrane on the upper surface of the adjacent light guide plate below, so that proper illumination is provided for the photosynthetic biochemical conversion process of the algae cells in the biomembrane. Meanwhile, the light guide plate has excellent light transmission performance and light conversion efficiency, so that under the condition of the same area of light emitting brightness, the light emitting efficiency is high and the power consumption is low. The support between adjacent light guide plates is used for adjusting the distance between the adjacent light guide plates and is used for the circulation of liquid culture medium.
Preferably, the solid light guide plate is a nano light guide plate doped with nano light scattering particles, and the surface of the solid light guide plate is subjected to laser engraving, sanding, chemical reagent corrosion and the like to form an engraved light guide plate with certain surface roughness or a printed light guide plate with reflective ink sprayed on the surface. Light emitted by the LED lamp strip is incident into the light guide plate through the left end face of the light guide plate, and is uniformly emitted from the lower surface of the light guide plate under the action of light scattering particles (a nanometer light guide plate), rough structure protrusions or depressions (an engraved light guide plate) on the upper surface of the light guide plate and reflective ink (a printed light guide plate) on the upper surface of the light guide plate, so that illumination is provided for the growth of algae cells in the biomembrane.
Preferably, except for the left end face (LED incident face) and the lower surface (light emergent face) of the solid light guide plate, the remaining surfaces of the solid light guide plate are adhered with reflective films with a light reflectivity of 95% or more, so that the emergent light of the light guide plate is incident on the surface of the algal cell biofilm as much as possible.
Preferably, the liquid culture medium source layer made of porous materials is filter paper or filter cloth.
Preferably, the average pore diameter of the microfiltration membrane is smaller than the diameter of microalgae cells, so that the microalgae cells in the biofilm on the upper surface of the microfiltration membrane are prevented from passing through the microfiltration membrane and entering the liquid culture medium source layer of the porous material below. The material of the microporous filter membrane is polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon or mixed cellulose.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the light guide plate is introduced into the microalgae photobioreactor to serve as a light source transmission and conversion medium, and an external light source is uniformly emitted to the surface of the microalgae biomembrane on each layer of solid carrier, so that proper and uniform illumination is provided for photosynthesis of algae cells in the biomembrane. Meanwhile, the light guide plate has excellent light transmission performance and light conversion efficiency, so that under the condition of the same area of light emitting brightness, the light emitting efficiency is high, and the power consumption is low.
2) The light guide plate is introduced into the microalgae photobioreactor to serve as a carrier of the adsorption type microalgae biomembrane, supports the liquid culture medium source layer, the microporous filter membrane and the microalgae biomembrane, assists in the circulation of the culture medium, and provides sufficient carbon source, nitrogen source and phosphorus source for photosynthesis of algae cells in the biomembrane.
3) The invention realizes the multilayer stack culture of microalgae cells by the light guide carrier and improves the yield of microalgae biomass in unit floor area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier according to the present invention;
in the attached drawings, 1-LED lamp strip; 2-liquid medium inlet; 3-reactor support; 4-a solid light guide plate; 5-a support between adjacent light guide plates; 6-liquid culture medium outlet; 7-microalgae biofilm; 8, emitting light by the solid light guide plate; 9-microporous filter membrane; 10-liquid culture medium source layer of porous material.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the scope of the invention as claimed is not limited thereto:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier mainly comprises an LED light bar 1, a liquid culture medium inlet 2, a reactor support 3, a solid light guide plate 4, a support 5 between adjacent light guide plates, a liquid culture medium outlet 6, a microalgae biofilm 7, a porous liquid culture medium source layer 10 and a microporous filter membrane 9. The reactor bracket 3 is positioned at the bottom of the multilayer solid light guide plate; the LED light bar 1 is arranged on the left side of the solid light guide plate; a liquid culture medium source layer 10 made of porous materials, a microporous filter membrane 9 and a microalgae biomembrane 7 are sequentially laid on the upper surface of the solid light guide plate 4 from bottom to top; a stack of multiple layers of solid light guide plates separated by a shelf 5 between adjacent light guide plates; the left side of the adjacent light guide plate support is provided with a liquid culture medium inlet 2, and the right side is provided with a liquid culture medium outlet 6.
Dissolved with CO2The liquid culture medium is pumped into a space between the porous liquid culture medium source layer 10 and the upper surface of the solid light guide plate 4 through the liquid culture medium inlet 2 of the reactor under the action of a flow liquid peristaltic pump. The liquid medium wets the entire porous material liquid medium source layer 10 under the action of capillary force of the porous material liquid medium source layer 10. Liquid medium dissolved CO2Inorganic nutritive salts such as nitrate and phosphateDriven by the gradient, the water enters the microalgae biomembrane 7 through micropores of the microporous filter membrane 9 to provide necessary carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and the like for photosynthesis of microalgae cells. Under the action of gravity, the liquid culture medium slowly flows from high to low along the upper surface of the solid light guide plate 4 and finally flows out of the reactor through the liquid culture medium outlet 6 of the reactor. Light emitted by the LED lamp strip 1 is incident into the light guide plate through the left end face of the solid light guide plate 4, is uniformly emitted from the lower surface under the scattering effect of internal light scattering particles and the synergistic effect of the light reflection film on the surface of the nanometer light guide plate, and provides light energy supply for the photosynthetic biochemical transformation process of microalgae cells in the microalgae biomembrane 7.
The average pore diameter of the microporous filter membrane can be 0.22 μm, 0.45 μm, 0.8 μm and 1.2 μm. The length and the width of the LED lamp strip are adapted to the size of the light incident surface of the solid light guide plate, the lamp beads on the LED lamp strip are placed in a close contact mode with the light incident surface of the light guide plate, the number, the power and the emergent spectrum of the lamp beads are adjustable, and then illumination conditions with different light intensity and spectrum structures are provided for the growth of microalgae cells. The number of the solid light guide plates stacked in parallel and the size of the solid light guide plates can be adjusted according to the amplification application of the reactor. In order to ensure that algae cells in the reactor have a better growth environment, the multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on the light guide carrier can be placed in an artificial climate chamber or a biochemical incubator with the constant temperature of 25 ℃.
Example 1
A multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier is characterized in that a reactor bracket 3 is formed by processing 304 stainless steel angle steel, and an included angle between a solid light guide plate 4 and a horizontal plane is 5 degrees; 2835 type white light LED lamp strips are selected as the LED lamp strips 1 and are driven by a 24V direct-current power supply, so that the average light intensity of emergent light on the lower surface of the solid light guide plate 4 is 100 mu mol-2s-1The LED lamp strip is in a working state for 24 hours every day continuously, so that continuous and constant illumination conditions are provided for the growth of algae cells; the solid light guide plate 4 is a PMMA/PS nanometer light guide plate with the thickness of 4 mm, and the other surfaces are adhered with the light reflectivity of 0.1 mm except the incident end surface of the LED lamp strip and the lower surface of the light guide plateGreater than 95% reflective film; the porous liquid culture medium source layer 10 is made of filter cloth, the microporous filter membrane 9 is made of a mixed cellulose membrane with the average pore diameter of 0.45 mu m, and the microalgae species in the microalgae biomembrane 7 is chlorella vulgaris; the adjacent light guide plate support 5 is formed by processing a transparent organic glass plate with the thickness of 3 mm, and the distance between the adjacent light guide plates is 5 mm. Introducing CO2A gas with a volume fraction of 15% (the remaining 85% by volume being nitrogen) was bubbled through a bubbled stone into BG11 liquid medium (liquid medium volume 800 mL), CO, in a 1L Erlenmeyer flask2The solution was sufficiently dissolved in BG11 liquid medium to a saturated state. The flow rate of BG11 liquid culture medium introduced into the upper surface of each layer of light guide plate is 1 mL min-1And provides necessary carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphorus source and the like for the photosynthesis of the microalgae cells.
Example 2
A multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier is characterized in that a solid light guide plate 4 is a PMMA laser engraving light guide plate with the thickness of 6 mm, a porous material liquid culture medium source layer 10 is filter cloth, a microporous filter membrane 9 is a nylon membrane with the average pore diameter of 0.22 mu m, and other parts are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
A multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier is characterized in that a PS screen printing light guide plate with the thickness of 4 mm is selected as a solid light guide plate 4, filter paper is selected as a porous material liquid culture medium source layer 10, a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane with the average pore diameter of 1.2 mu m is selected as a microporous filter membrane 9, and other parts are the same as those in embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. A multilayer stacking adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor based on a light guide carrier is characterized by mainly comprising multilayer stacked solid light guide plates, wherein an LED light bar is arranged on the left side of each layer of solid light guide plate, and a liquid culture medium source layer made of porous materials, a microporous filter membrane and a microalgae biomembrane are sequentially paved on the upper surface of each layer of solid light guide plate from bottom to top; the multilayer stacked solid light guide plates are arranged on a reactor support, adjacent light guide plates are separated by the support, the left side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium inlet, and the right side of the support is provided with a liquid culture medium outlet.
2. The light guide carrier-based multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid light guide plate is a nano light guide plate doped with nano light scattering particles, an engraved light guide plate with roughness on the surface, or a printed light guide plate with reflective ink sprayed on the surface.
3. The multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the light reflecting films with light reflectivity of more than 95% are adhered to the rest surfaces of the solid light guide plate except the left end face and the lower surface.
4. The light guide carrier-based multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biofilm photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid medium source layer made of porous material is filter paper or filter cloth.
5. The photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average pore size of the microporous filter membrane is smaller than the diameter of the microalgae cells, and the microporous filter membrane is made of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon or mixed cellulose.
6. The multilayer stacked adsorption type microalgae biomembrane photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the algae species in the microalgae biomembrane are chlorella species.
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